MIRACLE LIGHT CHRISTIAN ACADEMY

Casilagan, City of Ilagan, Isabela

Mathematics 8
Name:_______________________________________________________________ Date Received:_____________

KEEP THIS MODULE CLEAN

Lesson: Special Products of Polynomials

Lesson Objectives: at the end of this week, you must able to
• identify polynomials which are special products through pattern recognition
• find special products of certain polynomials
• solve problems involving polynomials and their products

Lesson Proper:
TAKE NOTE: In a polynomial, 12y2 – 20, we have two terms (12y2, and -20, ) 12 is the coefficient, y is the variable and
2 is the exponent.
When we have y2,it means y times y (y x y). In the same way,y3 means y times y times y (y x y x y).

Definition of Terms
 Polynomial – An algebraic term. The sum of two or more monomials. Polynomials include variables
and always have one or more terms.
 Variable – a changing quantity, usually denoted by a letter in algebraic equations,that might have any
one of a range of possible values.
 Exponent – a symbol or number that is written above and to the right of a number to show how many
times the number is to be multiplied by itself.
 Coefficient – the number part of a term and variable combination, (e. g. the term 7x has coefficient of
7)
 Binomial- a polynomial with two terms.
 Trinomial- a polynomial with three terms.

Topic 1: Squaring Binomial

As the name suggests, squaring binomial deals with getting the product of a binomial with exponent of 2.
For example we have (x-4)2, remember that it means that you have two (x-4) multiplied to each other, thus it is equal to
(x-4)(x-4). FOIL rule is commonly used in multiplying binomials.

F- multiply FIRST terms.

O – multiply OUTER terms.
I- multiply INNER terms.
L- multiply LAST terms.
Examples:
1. (x-4)2 =(x-4) (x-4)
= x2 -4x – 4x + 16
= x2 -8x + 16

2. (x+3)2 =(x+3) (x+3)

= x2 +3x + 3x + 9
= x2 +6x + 9

Answer no. 3 on a paper.

3. (x+8)2

If you can notice, the answers follow a pattern! And we can use this pattern to get the answer faster and easier.
Study the following examples:

a. (x – 3)2 = x2 – 2(3x) + 9 b. (3x + 4y)2 = 9x2 + 2(12xy) + 16y2

= x2 – 6x + 9 = 9x2 + 24xy + 16y2

c. (x + 5)2 = x2 + 2(5x) + 25 d. (7q2 – 4w2)2 = 49q4 -2(4w2)+16w4

= x2 + 10x + 25 = 49 q4 - 8w2+16w4

REMEMBER THIS PATTERN: The Square of a binomial consists of:

 FIRST TERM- the square of the first term;
 SECOND TERM- twice the product of the first and last terms; and
 THIRD TERM- the square of the last term.
Remember that the square of a binomial is called a perfect square trinomial.

Activity 1: Square the following binomials using the pattern you have just learned or the FIFO. Show your solution.

1. (s + 4)2 5.(3z + 2k)2 9.(3f – 5)2

2. (w – 5)2 6.(5d – 7d2t)2 10.(2w – 5v)2

3. (e – 7)2 7.(7q2 – 4w2)2

4.(2q – 4)2 8. (3w – 5y)2

Topic 2: Squaring Trinomial

Squaring trinomials deals with getting the product of a trinomial with exponent of 2.

Observe the following examples and take note of your observation.

a. (x + y + z)2 = x2 + y2 + z2 + 2xy + 2yz + 2xz
b. (m + n – d)2 = m2 + n2 + d2 + 2mn – 2md – 2nd
c. (3d + 2e + f) 2 = 9d2 + 4e2 + f2 + 12de + 6df + 4ef
 You may observe that the answers follow a pattern that can be used to make the computation easier. Notice that
the product consists of 6 TERMS.

The square of a trinomial consists of:

FIRST THREE TERMS -the sum of the squares of the first, second and last terms;
FOURTH TERM-twice the product of the first and the second terms;
FIFTH TERM- twice the product of the first and the last terms; and
SIXTH TERM- twice the product of the second and the last terms.

Activity 2: Square the following trinomials using the pattern you have learned. Show your solution.
1. (r – t + n)2 6. (15a – 4n – 6)2
2. (e + 2a + q)2 7. (4a + 4b + 4c)2
3. (m + a – y) (m + a – y) 8. (9a2 + 4b2 – 3c2)2
4. (2s + p – 4n)2 9. (1.5a2 – 2.3b + 1)2
5. (2i2 + 3a – 5n)2

Topic 3: Product of the Sum and Difference of Two Terms

Study the relationship that exists between the product of the sum and difference of two terms and the factors.
Take note of the pattern formed.
a. (x + y)(x – y) = x2 – y2 d. (w – 5)(w + 5) = w2 – 25
b. (a – b)(a + b) = a2 – b2 e. (2x – 5)(2x +5) = 4x2 – 25
c. (m + 3)(m – 3) = m2 – 9

Remember: The product of the sum and difference of two terms consists of
 FIRST TERM = multiply the two first terms
 SECOND TERM = multiply the two second terms (the answer is always negative).

ACTIVITY 3: Multiply the following binomials using the patterns you have learned.

1. (w – 6)(w + 6)= 3.(4y – 5d)(4y + 5d)= 5. (12x – 3)(12x + 3)=

2.(a + 4c)(a – 4c)= 4.(3sd + 4f)(4f – 3sd)=

Paalala:
 Isulat ang iyong sagot (pati ang mga tanong at direction) sa mga activity sa iyong Activity Notebook at huwag
kalimutang ilagay ang activity number. (e. g. Activity 1 ) at week number (e.g. Week 1-2)
 Panatilihing malinis ang activity notebook. Erasure means wrong!
 Sa mga activities na nangangailangan ng solution, huwag kalimutang bilugan ang iyong final answer.
Prepared by:

DENNIS P. PACURSA
Math 8 Teacher