Assignment 2

Determination of step and input response of a second order system

Assignment 2A

Question 1.

Answer:
MATLAB Code:

num = [1]; %%transfer function numerator coefficients

den = [1 11]; %%transfer function denominator coefficients
g = tf (num,den); %%transfer function
t = feedback(g,1);
step(t,'m');
hold on;
impulse(t,'g');
title('Step and Impulse Responses');
legend('Step Response', 'Impulse response');
Question 2.
Answer:
MATLAB Code:
num = [1]; %%transfer function numerator coefficients
den = [1 2]; %%transfer function denominator coefficients
g = tf (num,den); %%transfer function
t = feedback(g,1);
step(t,'b');
hold on;
impulse(t,'g');
title('Step and Impulse Responses');
legend('Step Response', 'Impulse response');
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B-
Step andImpulse Raaponaea

25
lms (records)

Assignment 2B
Question 1.

Answer:
MATLAB Code :

clc
close all
clear all
%% Initialising transfer function parameters
zeta = 0.2;
wn = 1;
t = linspace(0,30,1000);
wd = wn*sqrt(1-zeta^2);
% initialisng output signal array
c = zeros(1,1000);
% initialisng envelope arrays
Low_env = zeros(1,1000);
Up_env = zeros(1,1000);
% function for signal and envelopes
for i = 1: length(t)
c(i) = 1 - (exp(-zeta*wn*t(i))/sqrt(1-zeta^2))*sin(wd*t(i) +
atan(sqrt(1-zeta^2)/zeta));
low_env(i) = 1 - (exp(-zeta*wn*t(i))/sqrt(1-zeta^2));
up_env(i) = 1 + (exp(-zeta*wn*t(i))/sqrt(1-zeta^2));
end
%% PLOTTING SIGNAL AND ENVELOPES
plot(t,c,'.-c')
xlabel('Time(t) in seconds')
ylabel('c(t) (unitless magnitude)')
title('Time response with exponential envelopes')
hold on;
plot(t,low_env,'--m')
hold on;
plot(t,up_env,'--m')
OUTPUT:
Question 2.

Answer:
MATLAB Code:

clear all
close all
clc
%% transfer function parameters
wn=1;
t = linspace(0,30,1000);
zeta=[0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0];
wd = 0;
% initialize output signal array
c = zeros(6,1000);
% function for signal in time domain and with varying values of zeta
for j=1:length(zeta)
for i = 1: length(t)
wd = wn*sqrt(1-zeta(j)^2);
c(j,i)=1 -(exp(-zeta(j)*wn*t(i))/sqrt(1-zeta(j)^2))*sin(wd*t(i) +
atan(sqrt(1-zeta(j)^2)/zeta(j)));
end
end
%%plotting signals for different z values
plot(t,c)
xlabel('Time(t) in seconds')
ylabel('c(t)')
title('Time responses (unitless magnitude)')
legend('zeta = 0.0' ,'zeta = 0.2', 'zeta = 0.4', 'zeta = 0.6', 'zeta = 0.8'
,'zeta = 1.0');
Question 3.

Answer:
MATLAB Code for Part 1 and Part 2:

clear all;
close all;
clc
num = [1];
%% random values of r, l and c
R=10+(50-10)*rand();
L=5+(30-5)*rand();
C=0.1+(1-0.1)*rand();
% transfer function denominator coefficients
den = [1 R/L 1/L*C];
% transfer function
g = tf (num,den)
t = feedback(g,1);
%plotting step and impulse responses
step(t,'m');
hold on;
impulse(t,'k');
legend('Step Response', 'Impulse Response')
MATLAB Code for part 3:

function alltime(c)
%% INITIALISING Time PARAMETER
t = linspace(0,30,1000);
%% FINDING RISE TIME
tmin=1000;
tmax=1000;
for i = 1:length(t)
if c(i)>=0 %% 0% OF FINAL VALUE
if i<tmin
tmin=i;
end
end
if c(i)>=c(1000) %% 100% OF FINAL VALUE
if i<tmax
tmax=i;
end
end
end
%% FINDING PEAK TIME
Tp=0;
for i=1:length(t)
if c(i)==max(c) %% MAX VALUE
Tp=i;
end
end
tr=t(tmax)-t(tmin);
tp=t(Tp);
%% FINDING MAX OVERSHOOT
max_overshoot=max(c)-c(length(c));
%% FINDING SETTLING TIME
ts=0;
for i =1:length(t)
if c(i)>1.02*c(1000) || c(i)<0.98*c(1000)
ts=i;
end
end
tsettling=t(ts+1);
disp('Rise Time')
disp(tr)
disp('Peak Time')
disp(tp)
disp('Max Overshoot')
disp(max_overshoot)
disp('Settling Time')
disp(tsettling)
end
New to MATLAB? See resources for G ettin St rted.

>> time_response(c)
Rise Time

Peat Time
3.2132

Hax Ove rshnnc

0.5251

Settling
Time
19.7898
Question 4.

Answer:

Where time response r(t)=10+n(t) ( n(t)=+-2% noise)

Simulink circuit:
Transfer function and Random number generator parameters:

Output :
We can also do in matlab without simulink ,
Matlab code :
clc;
clear all;
sys = tf([1],[1 3 2]); % transfer function
t = (0:0.01:10); % time vector
x = 10*heaviside(t); % input
noise = 0.2*(rand(1,size(t,2))-0.5); % noise of 2%
r = noise+x; % noise was added to system
subplot(2,1,1) % first plot of subplot
plot(t,r) % ploting the input signal
title('Input Signal') % title
ylim([0 12]) % limit of y axis
subplot(2,1,2) % 2nd plot
lsim(sys,r,t) % lsim plots response of system w.r.t an arbitary signal