20-21 - M - ENG - Part - 1 - PDF

I.
Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University
DEPARTMENT OF PATHOLOGY
with sectional course and forensic medicine
ALBUM
FOR AUDITORY AND INDEPENDENT WORKs
General pathological processes
Student ________________________
(name)
International Students’ Faculty,

group №_______, course 3.
_________________
(Students’ Signature)
– Ternopil 2020 –
THEMATIC PLAN OF PRACTICAL CLASSES
№ Topics page
Introduction The subject and tasks of pathomorphology. The development of pathomorphology in
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Ukraine. Methods of pathomorphological investigation. Basic tanathology. Signs of death.
Cellular pathology: cell response to stress and toxic damage. Selective death of specialized cells.
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Necrosis. Pathological anatomy of organ insufficiency.
Adaptive cellular responses to damage - atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, metaplasia, autophagy,
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apoptosis.
4 Regeneration. Wound healing. Pathology of regeneration and healing.
INDEPENDENT WORK TO SECTION 1
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Morphology of reversible and irreversible damage to cells and tissues. Intracellular accumulation of
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proteins, carbohydrates and lipids.
Pathology of the extracellular matrix: pathomorphology of accumulation of complex proteins and
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fats. Pathology of nucleoproteins, pigments, minerals.
7 Hemodynamic disorders: hyperaemia, anemia. Stasis. Water disbalance.
8 Bleeding, thrombosis, embolism, shock, infarction. Disturbances of lymphatic flow.
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9 Morphology of acute (exudative) inflammation.

10 Morphology of chronic ( proliferative) inflammation. Specific inflammation. Granulomatosis.
Pathomorphology of the immune system. Autoimmune diseases. Hypersensitivity reactions.
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Immunodeficiencies. HIV infection. Transplant rejection reaction. Amyloidosis.
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Neolasia. Nomenclature and classification. Characteristic of tumours. Morphological features of

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mesenchymal tumors.
Nomenclature and morphological features of epithelial tumors. Nervous system tumors. Features
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of childhood tumors. Dysontogenetic tumors.
Skin pathology. Nomenclature and morphological features melanocytic tumors. Epidermal and
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dermal lesions. Skin manifestations of somatic diseases.
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PRINCIPLES OF DESCRIPTION OF MACRO- AND MICROPREPARATIONS
Macroscopic research
At macroscopic research of organs or tissue (name) are revealed that its surface ………....., character of
relief _________, presence of deformations, formation; change of volume, consistency, pathological
includings.
On a cut parenchima (to specify a color, characteristic macroscopic signs of pathological process).
CONCLUSION: according to results of macroscopic research it is necessary to consider (to specify a
pathological process or illness)
Microscopic research
At the histological research are revealed the tissue (to name an organ). About it testifies the presence of
(to specify structurally functional unit). Preparation is stained by (to specify the method of staining). At
the microscopic examination it is set (DESCRIBE the morphological changes of parenchima and stromal
composites). The basic morphological changes are ………….., that is expressed by ... .
CONCLUSION: according to results of microscopic examination it is necessary to consider (to specify a
pathological process or disease).
© SHEI "Ternopil State Medical University by I.Ya. Horbachevsky of MPH of Ukraine", 2020
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PRACTICAL LESSON 1 "____" _____________ 2020
TOPIC: Introduction The subject and tasks of pathomorphology. The development of pathomorphology
in Ukraine. Methods of pathomorphological investigation. Basic tanathology. Signs of death.
Definition of pathology
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Health and disease
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Investigative methods of modern pathology
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Subjects of pathology
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Definition of etiology?
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Definition of pathogenesis?
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Definition of morphogenesis?
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Definition of thanatogenesis?
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What is the iatrogenic?
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Main methods of morphology research
Autopsy tasks
Determination of death and its types depending on the cause__________________________________________________

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Determination of clinical death _________________________________________________________________________
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Definition of biological death and its signs________________________________________________________________
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Student's signature _____________________ Teacher signature _____________________
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TOPIC: Cellular pathology: cell response to stress and toxic damage. Selective death of specialized cells.
Necrosis. Pathological anatomy of organ insufficiency.
I. Theoretical self-preparation program (PREAUDITORIUM WORK)
Definition of necrosis ____________________________________________________________________________________

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Microscopic signs of necrosis (changes in a nucleus and cytoplasm)_______________________________________________
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Types of necrosis ______________________________________________________________________________________
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Liqufaction (colliqative) necrosis __________________________________________________________________________
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Morphology of coagulative necrosis ________________________________________________________________________
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Morphology of caseous necrosis ___________________________________________________________________________
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Description of dry gangrene _______________________________________________________________________________
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.Morphology of fat necrosis _______________________________________________________________________________
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Morphology of fibrinoid necrosis __________________________________________________________________________
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Consequences and values of necrosis _______________________________________________________________________
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Identification and causes of critical cell alteration _____________________________________________________________
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Types selective death of specialized cells ____________________________________________________________________
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Morphology of dry gangrene______________________________________________________________________________
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Morphology of wet gangrene______________________________________________________________________________
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Morphology of bedsore__________________________________________________________________________________
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Definition and causes of infarction_________________________________________________________________________
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Classification of infarction according to:
 Color _________________________________________________________________________________________
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 Form __________________________________________________________________________________________
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II. AUDITORIUM WORK
DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION “Dry gangrene of the foot”

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DRAW MICROPREPARATION “Necrotic nephrosis”
Preparation: NECROTIC NEPHROSIS 1. Necrotized area.

Stain: Haematoxylin & Eosin 2. Saved tissue of kidney
DESCRIBE MICROPREPARATION "Necrotic nephrosis"

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DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION "Tuberculosis of adrenal"

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Signature of student _________________ Signature of teacher________________
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TOPIC: Adaptive cellular responses to damage - atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, metaplasia,
autophagy, apoptosis.
I . Theoretical self-preparation program (PREAUDITORIUM WORK)
Definition of adaptation and compensation __________________________________________________________________

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Mechanisms of cellular adaptation__________________________________________________________________________
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Essence and morphology of dysplasia _______________________________________________________________________
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Cytologic changes in epithelial dysplasia____________________________________________________________________
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Definition of metaplasia __________________________________________________________________________________
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Squamous metaplasia____________________________________________________________________________________
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Columnar metaplasia_(osseous metaplasia)___________________________________________________________________
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Definition of hyperplasia_________________________________________________________________________________
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Physiologic and pathologic hyperplasia______________________________________________________________________
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Essence and morphology of encapsulation____________________________________________________________________
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Definition and classification of hypertrophy __________________________________________________________________
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Reasons and stages myocardium hypertrophy ________________________________________________________________
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Definition and classification of atrophy ______________________________________________________________________
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Morphogenesis of inactivity atrophy _____________________________________________________________________
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Morphogenesis of blood insufficiency atrophy_____________________________________________________________
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Morphogenesis of atrophy from pressure__________________________________________________________________
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Morphogenesis neuropathic atrophy and atrophy of action of physical and chemical factors_____________________________
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Determination of the apoptosis _________________________________________________________________________
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Stages of the apoptosis _______________________________________________________________________________
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Morphological essence of autophagy________________________________________________________________________
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II. AUDITORIUM WORK
DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION "Concentric and eccentric hypertrophy of the heart "___________________________

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DESCRIBE microPREPARATION " metaplasia of epitilium of cervix uteri"_______________________________________
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DRAW MICROPREPARATION
Preparation: METAPLASIA OF EPITILIUM OF CERVIX UTERI 1. Gladular epitilium.
Stain: Haematoxylin & Eosin 2. Growth of glands
Preparation: EMPHYSEMA OF LUNGS 1. Alveoles.

Stain: Haematoxylin & Eosin 2. Destroyed membranes.
DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION "Bullous emphysema "___________________________________________________

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DESCRIBE microPREPARATION "Emphysema of lungs"_____________________________________________________
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Student Signature _____________________ Teacher Signature _____________________

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TOPIC: Regeneration. Wound healing. Pathology of regeneration and healing.
I . Theoretical self-preparation program (PREAUDITORIUM WORK)
Definition of regeneration ________________________________________________________________________________

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Classification and types of regeneration _____________________________________________________________________
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Characteristic of physiological regeneration___________________________________________________________________
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Characteristic of reparative (regenerative) regeneration__________________________________________________________
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Morphology of substitution _______________________________________________________________________________
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Morphology of restitution ________________________________________________________________________________
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Aberrations of regeneration _______________________________________________________________________________
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Types of wound healing __________________________________________________________________________________
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Morphology of healing by first intention_____________________________________________________________________
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Morphology of healing by secondary intention ________________________________________________________________
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Regeneration of liver_____________________________________________________________________________________
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Regeneration of peripheral nerves __________________________________________________________________________
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Regeneration of bones ___________________________________________________________________________________
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Regeneration of connective tissue __________________________________________________________________________
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Regeneration of mycardium__________________________________________________________________________
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Regeneration of skin _______________________________________________________________________________
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Regeneration of brain ______________________________________________________________________________
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II. AUDITORIUM WORK
DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION "Trophic ulcer of the lower extremity "__________________________________

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DESCRIBE microPREPARATION "Cardiosclerosis"__________________________________________________________
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Preparation: CARDIOSCLEROSIS 1. Fibres of cardiomyocytes.
Stain: Haematoxylin & Eosin 2. Vessels.
3. Connective tissue
Preparation: GRANULATION TISSUE 1. Vessels

Stain: Haematoxylin & Eosin 2. Collagen fibres
3. Cells infiltration
DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION "Cyst of brain "___________________________________________________

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DESCRIBE microPREPARATION "Granulation tissue"_____________________________________________________
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DRAW (schematically) the cell and mark its base structural components
1. nucleus
2. nucleolus
3. cytoplasm
4. cell membrane
5. endoplasmic grid
6. ribosome
7. mitochondria
8. Golgi apparatus
9. lysosomes
10. secretory vacuoles
Morphological signs of pathology cell nucleus ______________________________________________________________

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Etiology of cell injury:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
Morphology regeneration of skin _____________________________________________________________________
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Morphology regeneration of bones ____________________________________________________________________
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Morphology regeneration of liver _____________________________________________________________________
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Morphology regeneration of lungs _____________________________________________________________________
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Morphology regeneration of pancreas___________________________________________________________________
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TOPIC: Morphology of reversible and irreversible damage cells and tissues. Intracellular accumulation
of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids.
Determination of dystrophy _____________________________________________________________________________
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Morphogenic mechanisms of dystrophy:
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Classification of dystrophy:
1) according to localization__________________________________________________________________________
2) according to predominance of the metabolism disturbance _________________________________________________
3) depending on genetic factors____________________________________________________________________________
4) according to process prevalence ________________________________________________________________________
Definition of intracellular injury _______________________________________________________________________
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Definition of reversible and irreversible cell injury_________________________________________________________
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Morphology of reversible cell injury:___________________________________________________________________
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Types of intracellular accumulation of hyaline_______________________________________________________________
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Morphology and consequences of hydropic dystrophy _______________________________________________________
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Characteristics intracellular accumulation of lipids: causes, mechanisms of development, consequences
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Basic mechanisms of development of lipid dystrophy of myocardium, liver and kidneys ___________________________
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Intracellular accumulation of glycogen:__________________________________________________________________
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Change in the glomerulus of kidney in diabetes mellitus ______________________________________________________
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Changes in the liver in diabetes mellitus ________________________________________________________________
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What is glycogen storage disease? Give examples___________________________________________________________
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Morphology of mucoviscidosis ________________________________________________________________________
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Morphology of haemosiderosis _______________________________________________________________________
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Morphology of jaundice ____________________________________________________________________________
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Causes of intracellular accumulation of lipofuscin _________________________________________________________
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Classification of parenchymal carbohydrate dystrophy _____________________________________________________
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II. AUDITORIUM WORK
DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION "Fatty Dystrophy of Liver" _______________________________________________

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Preparation: FATTY DYSTROPHY OF LIVER 1. Central vein.
Stain: sudan ІІІ 2. Drops of lipid.
DESCRIBE MICROPREPARATION "Fatty Dystrophy of Liver" ________________________________________________

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Preparation: Glycogen deposits in epithelium of distal tubules of the kidney 1. Deposits of glycogen
Stain: PAS - reaction
DESCRIBE MICROPREPARATION " Glycogen deposits in epithelium of distal tubules of the kidney________________
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TOPIC: Pathology of the extracellular matrix: pathomorphology of accumulation of complex proteins
and fats. Pathology of nucleoproteins, pigments, minerals.

Localization of pathological process at mesenchymal dystrophy _________________________________________________
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Structure of hystion ____________________________________________________________________________________
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Mechanisms of extracellular accumulation _______________________________________________________________
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Classification of extracellular accumulation ______________________________________________________________
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Types of extracellular disproteinosis_______________________________________________________________________
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Mucoid swelling: causes, mechanisms of development, _______________________________________________________
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Mucoid swelling: morphology and consequences ____________________________________________________________
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Fibrinoid swelling: causes and macroscopic characteristics ____________________________________________________
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Fibrinoid swelling: microscopic characteristics and consequences _______________________________________________
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Essence of hyalinosis and its classification _________________________________________________________________
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Which organs vessels are destroyed at a system hyalinosis ____________________________________________________
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Classification of obesity:
а) according to etiology __________________________________________________________________________________
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b) according to external displays ___________________________________________________________________________
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c) according to morphological characteristic __________________________________________________________________
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d) according to the mechanism of development________________________________________________________________
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Essence of myxoid degeneration ______________________________________________________________________
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Essence of mixed dystrophy ____________________________________________________________________________
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What haemoglobin pigments appear at the increased destruction of erythrocytes at pathological condition _______________
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Basic clinic-morphological manifestations of gemoglobin pigments exchange violation _______________________________
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At which diseases the general hemosiderosis is developed? ___________________________________________________
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II. AUDITORIUM WORK
DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION "Biliary Cirrhosis of Liver "_______________________________________________

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DRAW MICROPREPARATION "Liver at Mechanical Icterus"
Preparation: LIVER AT MECHANICAL ICTERUS. 1. Hepatic lobulus.

Stain: Haematoxylin & Eosin 2. Central vein.
3. Triads.
4. Bilious thrombus.
DESCRIBE MICROPREPARATION "Liver at Mechanical Icterus"______________________________________________

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DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION "Hyalinosis spleen capsule "_______________________________________________
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DRAW MICROPREPARATION “Hyalinosis spleen artery”
Preparation: HYALINOSIS SPLEEN ARTERY 1. Lymphoid follicles

Stain: Haematoxylin & Eosin 2. Hyalinosis central
artery
DESCRIBE MICROPREPARATION “Hyalinosis spleen artery”

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TOPIC: Hemodynamic disorders: hyperaemia, anemia. Stasis. Water disbalance.
I Theoretical self-preparation program (PREAUDITORIUM WORK)
Classification of hyperemia and congestion __________________________________________________________________

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Morphology of active hyperemia ______________________________________________________________________
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Types of passive (venous) hyperemia ___________________________________________________________________
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Morphology of passive lung hyperemia _________________________________________________________________
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Morphology of passive (general) liver hyperemia __________________________________________________________
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Morphology of passive (local) liver hyperemia ____________________________________________________________
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Morphology of passive kidney hyperemia _______________________________________________________________
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Morphology of passive spleen hyperemia ________________________________________________________________
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Description of plethora _____________________________________________________________________________
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Description of erythroemia _____________________________________________________________________________
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Definition of ischemia______________________________________________________________________________
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Types of ischemia _________________________________________________________________________________
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Definition, causes and manifestation of stasis_____________________________________________________________
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Morphology of renal oedema ________________________________________________________________________
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Morphology of cardiac oedema _______________________________________________________________________
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Morphology of pulmonary oedema ____________________________________________________________________
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Morphology of cerebral oedema ______________________________________________________________________
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Definition, causes and manifestations of dehydration _______________________________________________________
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II.AUDITORIUM WORK
DESCRIBE microPREPARATION "Stasis in Cerebrum Capillaries" _____________________________________________

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Preparation: STASIS IN CEREBRUM CAPILLARIES 1. Vessel.

Stain: by Heidenhain 2. Red cells
DESCRIBE microPREPARATION "Brown Induration of Lung" ________________________________________________

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Preparation: BROWN INDURATION OF LUNGS 1. Alveoles.
Stain: Haematoxylin & Eosin 2. Interalveolar membranes.
3. Macrophages with
hemosiderinum.
DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION "Brown Induration of Lung" ______________________________________________

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DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION "Varicose Veins of the Esophagus" _________________________________________

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Signature of student _____________________ Signature of teacher_____________________
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TOPIC: Bleeding, thrombosis, embolism, shock, infarction. Disturbances of lymphatic flow.
Determination of bleeding ______________________________________________________________________________

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LATIN NAMES OF …
cough with blood – ______________________________ bleeding from a uterus – ________________________________
bleeding from a nose – ____________________________ vomit by blood – ____________________________________
blood in defecating – _____________________________ blood in joint – _______________________________________
blood in pleural space – __________________________ blood in abdominal cavity– ______________________________
blood in pericardium– ____________________________
Classification of haemorrhage __________________________________________________________________________
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Types of haemorrhages according to causes_______________________________________________________________
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Determination of thrombosis. Dynamics of mechanism of thrombus formation (stages)_____________________________
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Causes of thrombosis ______________________________________________________________________________
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Morphological forms of thrombus _____________________________________________________________________
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Consequences of thrombosis _________________________________________________________________________
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Causes of (DIC) disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome _____________________________________________
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Morphology of DIC syndrome ________________________________________________________________________
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Determination of embolism and classification_____________________________________________________________
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Morphology of lung thromboembolism ________________________________________________________________
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Amniotic embolism _______________________________________________________________________________
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Fat embolism ____________________________________________________________________________________
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Gas embolism ____________________________________________________________________________________
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Determination of infarction __________________________________________________________________________
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Types of infarction ________________________________________________________________________________
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Stages of myocardial infarction _______________________________________________________________________
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Consequences of myocardial infarction _________________________________________________________________
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Morphological manifestation of lymph flow disturbance ___________________________________________________
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II.AUDITORIUM WORK
DESCRIBE microPREPARATION " FATTY EMBOLISM OF LUNGS VESSELS”

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Preparation: FATTY EMBOLISM OF LUNGS VESSELS 1. Vessel.

Stain: sudan ІІІ 2. Fat drop.
DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION " Ischemic necrosis of the spleen" _________________________________________

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DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION " Thromboembolism of the pulmonary artery " _______________________________

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DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION " Gangrene of the intestine”

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Determination of haematoma ____________________________________________________________________________
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Distinguishing features of thrombus and postmortem blood clot _______________________________________________
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Determination of heart attack ___________________________________________________________________________
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Morphology of Cardiogenic shock ______________________________________________________________________
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Morphology of Hypovolemic shock _____________________________________________________________________
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Morphology of Septic shock ___________________________________________________________________________
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Morphology stages of Shock __________________________________________________________________________
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List the forms of lymphatic system insufficiency ____________________________________________________________
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The causes of mechanical forms of lymphatic system insufficiency ______________________________________________
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Reasons of dynamic form of lymphatic system insufficiency ___________________________________________________
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Reasons of resorbtive form of lymphatic system insufficiency __________________________________________________
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Morphological manifestations of lymphatic failure (insufficiency) ______________________________________________
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What is lymphedema? Classification of lymphedema _________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Common cause of acute lymphedema _____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Common cause of chronic lymphedema ___________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Causes of congenital and acquired chronic regional lymphedema ______________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphological manifestations of chronic lymphedema _______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Causes and Types of limforrhage ________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Macroscopic changes in the skin, subcutaneal tissue, internal organs at edema ____________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Microscopic changes of tissue at edema __________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Causes and pathogenesis stagnant edema _________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
19
TOPIC: Morphology of acute (exudative) inflammation.
Determination of inflammation ____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphological and clinical signs of inflammation _____________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Stages of inflammation___________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Characteristic of alterative stage ___________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Name the mediators of inflammation ________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Characteristic of exudative stage ___________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Reaction of vascular wall at inflammation ___________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
What is the different between phagocytosis and endocytobiosis? __________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Determination the exudate and transudate ____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Characteristic of proliferative stage_________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphological forms of inflammation _______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Specify the organ (tissue anatomical formation), where is localized next inflammation:
Blepharitis – _______________________________
Myositis – _________________________________
Epididymitis – ______________________________
Valvulitis – ________________________________
Osteomyelitis – _____________________________
Colitis – ___________________________________
Hydradenitis – ______________________________
Pancreatitis – _______________________________
Lymphadenitis – ____________________________
Gingivitis – ________________________________
Parotitis – _________________________________
Meningitis – ______________________________
Glossitis – ________________________________
Peritonitis – _______________________________
Phlebitis – ________________________________
Gonitis – _________________________________
Salpingitis – _______________________________
Funiculitis – _______________________________
Dacryocystitis – ____________________________
Tendinitis – ________________________________
Cholangitis – _______________________________
Determination and localization of fibrinous inflammation (subtypes) ______________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Signs of diphtheritic inflammation__________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
20
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Components and types of purulent inflammation_______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
What is the empyema?___________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of hemorrhagic inflammation ___________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
II. AUDITORIUM WORK
DESCRIBE the MACROPREPARATION "Croupous Pneumonia"

______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
DRAW microPREPARATION
Preparation: CROUPOUS PNEUMONIA 1. Alveoles.
Stain: Haematoxylin & Eosin 2. Filaments of fibrin.
3. Leucocytes.
4. Vessels.
Preparation: HAEMORRHAGIC INFLAMMATION IN LUNGS IN INFLUENZA 1. Alveoli

Stain: Haematoxylin & Eosin 2. Red blood cells
3. Neutrophils
DESCRIBE microPREPARATION "Croupous Pneumonia"

______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
DESCRIBE microPREPARATION " HAEMORRHAGIC INFLAMMATION IN LUNGS IN INFLUENZA
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________

21
TOPIC: Morphology of chronic ( proliferative) inflammation. Specific inflammation. Granulomatosis.
Determination of productive inflammation____________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of interstitial inflammation _____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Determination of granulomatous inflammation ________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Etiology of granulomatous inflammation_____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Stages of granulomas development _________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
The structure differences between foreign body giant cells and Langhans’ giant cells _________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Draw schematically the foreign body giant cells and Langhans’ giant cells
FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS LANGHANS’ GIANT CELLS
The types of nonspecific granulomas ________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
What are the specific granulomas?__________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphological signs of tuberculous granuloma ________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphological signs of syphilitic granuloma _________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Structure of granuloma in leprosy __________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of polyp____________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of condyloma acuminatum _____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Consequences of productive inflammation____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
22
II. AUDITORIUM WORK
DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION " MILIARY TUBERCULOSIS OF LUNG"

______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
DRAW microPREPARATION
Preparation: MILIARY TUBERCULOSIS OF LUNG 1. Alveoli.
Stain: Haematoxylin & Eosin 2. Caseous necrosis;
3. Epithelioid cells;
4. Lymphocytes;
5. Langans’ cells.
Preparation: CHRONIC ABSCESS OF LIVER 1. Cavity abscess

Stain: Haematoxylin & Eosin 2. Wall of abscess:
2a) pyogenic membrane;
2b) granulation tissue;
2c) connecting tissue.
3. Hepatocytes.
DESCRIBE microPREPARATION "Miliary Tuberculosis of Lung"

______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
DESCRIBE microPREPARATION "Chronic Abscess of Liver"

______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
23
TOPIC: Pathomorphology of the immune system. Autoimmune diseases. Hypersensitivity reactions.
Immunodeficiencies. HIV infection. Transplant rejection reaction. Amyloidosis.
Immunity – is__________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Components of immune response __________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Types of immune response _______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Definition of autoimmune diseases _________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Types of autoimmune diseases and short characteristic their_____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Determination of immunological hypersensitivity _____________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology and mechanism of development hypersensitivity type I_______________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology and mechanism of development hypersensitivity type II _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology and mechanism of development hypersensitivity type III ____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology and mechanism of development hypersensitivity type IV _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Definition and classification of immunodeficiency states _______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
The essence and characteristic of primary (innate) immunodeficiency states _________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
The essence and characteristic of secondary (acquired) immunodeficiency states _____________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
List the periods (stage) of HIV infection _____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Main syndromes and causes of death in AIDS patients __________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
The reaction of transplant rejection. ________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Course and characteristics of types reaction of transplant rejection ________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Definition of amyloidosis ________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compnents of amyloid___________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
24
Types of amyloidosis ___________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Characteristics of secondary systemic amyloidosis_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
II. AUDITORIUM WORK

DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION " Amyloidosis of Spleen"____________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
DESCRIBE microPREPARATION "Lupus nephritis"__________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Preparation: LUPUS NEPHRITIS 1. Glomerulus of capillaries.
Stain: Haematoxylin & Eosin 2. Symptom "wire loops".
3. Fibrinoid necrosis of
capillaries walls.
Preparation: HASHIMOTO GOITER 1. Thyroid follicles.

Stain: Haematoxylin & Eosin 2. Diffuse lymphocytic
infiltration.
DESCRIBE microPREPARATION "Hashimoto goiter"________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
25
Morphology of catarrhal inflammation______________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of fibrinuos inflammation______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of suppurative inflammation ___________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of furuncle _________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of carbuncle ________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Characteristics inflammation in newborn____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Difference between complete and incomplete phagocytosis _____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Regulation of inflammation_______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Causes and morphology brain abscess ______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Causes and morphology lung abscess _______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Causes and morphology liver abscess ______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of granuloma in sarcoidosis ____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Forms of primary immunodeficiency diseases ________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Forms of secondary immunodeficiency diseases ______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Routes of HIV transmission ______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Stages of HIV infection __________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Pathological changes in lymphoid tissue in HIV ______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Major and minor signs of immunosupression _________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Cases of death in HIV ___________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
26
TOPIC: Neolasia. Nomenclature and classification. Characteristic of tumours. Morphological features of
mesenchymal tumors.
Determination of tumors__________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Classification of tumors __________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Nomenclature of tumors__________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Predisposition to neoplasia________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Types of growth ________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Types of anaplasia_______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of cell anaplasia______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of tissue anaplasia ____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Grading of tumors ______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Characteristic of expansive tumors growth____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Characteristic of invasive tumors growth____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphological differences of benign and malignant tumors
Metastasis (distant spread) of tumors ________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Microscopic structure of tumors____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
27
TNM staging __________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Diagnostics methods of tumors____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of fibroma___________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of fibrosarcoma ______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of lipoma ___________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of liposarcoma _______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of leiomyoma _______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of leiomyosacoma____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of haemangioma _____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of chondroma _______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
II. AUDITORIUM WORK

DESCRIBE THE MACROPREPARATION "Osteosarcoma" _________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Preparation: LIPOMA 1. Lipocytes.
Stain: Haematoxylin & Eosin 2. Connective-tissue septum.
28
Preparation: SARCOMA METASTASIS INTO LUNG 1. Alveolars
Stain: Haematoxylin & Eosin 2. Atypical cells.
DESCRIBE the microPREPARATION "Lipoma" ____________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
DESCRIBE the microPREPARATION "Sarcoma metastasis into lung" ___________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
29
TOPIC: Nomenclature and morphological features of epithelial tumors. Nervous system tumors.
Features of childhood tumors. Dysontogenetic tumors.
Classification of epithelial tumors__________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of papilloma_________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of adenoma, kinds of adenomas__________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Histogenetic classification of cancers______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of “cancer in situ”____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of squamous cell carcinoma_____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of adenocarcinoma, types of adenocarcinomas, grading ______________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Features of tumor growth in childhood_______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of teratoma__________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of teratoblastoma_____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of astrocytoma______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Nomenclature of nervous tissue tumors______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of neuroblastoma_____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of glioblastoma____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of meningioma_______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of schwannoma (neurilemmoma)_________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of meningioma ______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of meduloblastoma____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
30
Embryonal tumours and their types. ________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
II. AUDITORIUM WORK

DESCRIBE THE MACROPREPARATION "Lung cancer" ___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
DESCRIBE the macroPREPARATION "Fungiform cancer of tomach" ___________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
DESCRIBE the macroPREPARATION "Glioma" _______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Preparation: SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA 1. The multi-layered flat cell
Stain: Haematoxylin & Eosin epithelium
2. Basal membrane
3. Cancer’s pearls
4. Cellular atypism
Preparation: SHWANNOMA 1. Verocay bodies.

Stain: Haematoxylin & Eosin
DESCRIBE the microPREPARATION " SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA " ___________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
DESCRIBE the microPREPARATION " Shwannoma " _______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
31
TOPIC: Skin pathology. Nomenclature and morphological features melanocytic tumors. Epidermal and
dermal lesions. Skin manifestations of somatic diseases.
Disorders of pigmentation ________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Characteristic of vitiligo ____________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Characteristic lentigo _______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Definition and classification of nevus ___________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of junction nevus _______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of compound nevus _____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of intradermal nevus _____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of blue nevus __________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of dysplastic nevus ______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of melanoma_________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Metastasis of melanoma__________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphological classification of melanoma____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Skin manifestation of lupus erythematosus_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Skin manifestation of lupus scleroderma _____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of seborrheic keratosis ____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of psoriasis ____________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of bullous pemphigoid ___________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of eczema _____________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of basal cell carcinoma ___________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
32
II. AUDITORIUM WORK
DESCRIBE THE MACROPREPARATION "Melanoma metastasis in liver" ___________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
DESCRIBE THE MACROPREPARATION "Melanoma metastasis in lung" _______________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Preparation: Melanoma, stage III of Klark. 1.Atypical melanocytes

Stain: Haematoxylin & Eosin 2. Derma
Preparation: Basal cells carcinoma 1. Basaloid cells

Stain: Haematoxylin & Eosin with a palisading growth
pattern
DESCRIBE the microPREPARATION " Melanoma, stage III of Klark " ______________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
DESCRIBE the microPREPARATION " Basal cells carcinoma " ____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
33
Morphology of sarcoma Kaposi____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of hemangiopericytoma________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Localization of metastases of mammary gland cancer___________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of hypernephroid kidney cancer _________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
List organo-nonspecific benign ovarian tumors________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
List organo-specific malignant ovarian tumors________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Forms of thyroid cancer__________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Differences morphogenesis of the central and peripheral lung cancer_____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Histological types of lung cancer________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Ways of metastasis of stomach cancer __________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
What is the Krukenberg cancer?_______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology and ways of prostate cancer metastasis_________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Clinical and morphological features of Wilms' tumor________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Tumours of appendages of skin ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Morphology of dermatitis herpetiformis _____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Signature of student _____________________ Signature of teacher_____
34

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I.

Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University

General pathological processes

International Students’ Faculty,

9 Morphology of acute (exudative) inflammation.

Neolasia. Nomenclature and classification. Characteristic of tumours. Morphological features of

PRINCIPLES OF DESCRIPTION OF MACRO- AND MICROPREPARATIONS

Determination of death and its types depending on the cause__________________________________________________

Student's signature _____________________ Teacher signature _____________________

Definition of necrosis ____________________________________________________________________________________

DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION “Dry gangrene of the foot”

DRAW MICROPREPARATION “Necrotic nephrosis”

Preparation: NECROTIC NEPHROSIS 1. Necrotized area.

DESCRIBE MICROPREPARATION "Necrotic nephrosis"

DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION "Tuberculosis of adrenal"

Signature of student _________________ Signature of teacher________________

Definition of adaptation and compensation __________________________________________________________________

II. AUDITORIUM WORK

DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION "Concentric and eccentric hypertrophy of the heart "___________________________

Preparation: EMPHYSEMA OF LUNGS 1. Alveoles.

DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION "Bullous emphysema "___________________________________________________

Student Signature _____________________ Teacher Signature _____________________

I . Theoretical self-preparation program (PREAUDITORIUM WORK)

Definition of regeneration ________________________________________________________________________________

DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION "Trophic ulcer of the lower extremity "__________________________________

Preparation: GRANULATION TISSUE 1. Vessels

DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION "Cyst of brain "___________________________________________________

Student Signature _____________________ Teacher Signature _____________________

Morphological signs of pathology cell nucleus ______________________________________________________________

II. AUDITORIUM WORK

DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION "Fatty Dystrophy of Liver" _______________________________________________

DESCRIBE MICROPREPARATION "Fatty Dystrophy of Liver" ________________________________________________

Signature of student _________________ Signature of teacher________________

I. Theoretical self-preparation program (PREAUDITORIUM WORK)

DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION "Biliary Cirrhosis of Liver "_______________________________________________

DRAW MICROPREPARATION "Liver at Mechanical Icterus"

Preparation: LIVER AT MECHANICAL ICTERUS. 1. Hepatic lobulus.

DESCRIBE MICROPREPARATION "Liver at Mechanical Icterus"______________________________________________

DRAW MICROPREPARATION “Hyalinosis spleen artery”

Preparation: HYALINOSIS SPLEEN ARTERY 1. Lymphoid follicles

DESCRIBE MICROPREPARATION “Hyalinosis spleen artery”

Signature of student _________________ Signature of teacher________________

I Theoretical self-preparation program (PREAUDITORIUM WORK)

Classification of hyperemia and congestion __________________________________________________________________

DESCRIBE microPREPARATION "Stasis in Cerebrum Capillaries" _____________________________________________

Preparation: STASIS IN CEREBRUM CAPILLARIES 1. Vessel.

DESCRIBE microPREPARATION "Brown Induration of Lung" ________________________________________________

DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION "Brown Induration of Lung" ______________________________________________

DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION "Varicose Veins of the Esophagus" _________________________________________

Signature of student _____________________ Signature of teacher_____________________

Determination of bleeding ______________________________________________________________________________

DESCRIBE microPREPARATION " FATTY EMBOLISM OF LUNGS VESSELS”

Preparation: FATTY EMBOLISM OF LUNGS VESSELS 1. Vessel.

DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION " Ischemic necrosis of the spleen" _________________________________________

DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION " Thromboembolism of the pulmonary artery " _______________________________

DESCRIBE MACROPREPARATION " Gangrene of the intestine”

Signature of student _____________________ Signature of teacher_____________________

Signature of student _____________________ Signature of teacher_____________________

II. AUDITORIUM WORK

DESCRIBE the MACROPREPARATION "Croupous Pneumonia"

Preparation: HAEMORRHAGIC INFLAMMATION IN LUNGS IN INFLUENZA 1. Alveoli

DESCRIBE microPREPARATION "Croupous Pneumonia"

Signature of student _____________________ Signature of teacher_____________________

Student's signature _ Teacher signature _

Signature of student _ Signature of teacher

Student Signature _ Teacher Signature _

Student Signature _ Teacher Signature _

Signature of student _ Signature of teacher

Signature of student _ Signature of teacher

Signature of student _ Signature of teacher_

Signature of student _ Signature of teacher_

Signature of student _ Signature of teacher_

Signature of student _ Signature of teacher_

Signature of student _ Signature of teacher_

Student Signature _ Teacher Signature _

Signature of student _ Signature of teacher_

Signature of student _ Signature of teacher_

Signature of student _ Signature of teacher_

Signature of student _ Signature of teacher_

Signature of student _________________ Signature of teacher_