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Micro MAYOR
Micro MAYOR
CML and Leukemoid reaction have a common cause that will increase the
leukocytes it is either because of infection or necrosis. To tell the difference of
the two diseases, CML gives a low LAP score unless there is a concurrent
infection that’ll happen, while Leukemoid reaction yields a high score.
Splenomegaly is also more significant in CML than that of a leukemoid
reaction.
2. Clinical impression
First, an abnormal chromosome develops
A section of chromosome 9 switches places with a section of chromosome 22,
creating an extra-short chromosome 22 and an extra-long chromosome 9. The
extra-short chromosome 22 is called the Philadelphia chromosome, named for the
city where it was discovered. The Philadelphia chromosome is present in the
blood cells of 90 percent of people with chronic myelogenous leukemia.
Third, the new gene allows too many diseased blood cells
The tyrosine kinase caused by the BCR-ABL gene causes too many white blood
cells. Most or all of these cells contain the abnormal Philadelphia chromosome.
The diseased white blood cells don't grow and die like normal cells. The diseased
white blood cells build up in huge numbers, crowding out healthy blood cells and
damaging the bone marrow.
5. Diagnostic Tests
Flourescence in-situ hybridization is a test used to detect the BCR-ABL gene and
is also used to monitor treatment.
- The abl DNA shows up as a red dot in the microscope slide and bcr DNA
shows as a green dot. In Ph+ leukemic cells where bcr and abl are fused,
the dots appear together.
Polymerase Chain Reaction can also be used to detect the BCR-ABL gene.
- Detects 1 abnormal cell mixed in with approx. 1 million healthy cells.
What Causes Chronic Myeloid Leukemia? (2018, June 19). Retrieved from
https://www.cancer.org/cancer/chronic-myeloid-leukemia/causes-risks-
prevention/what-causes.html