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    Piping Flexibilty Design

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    Raheel Jibran

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    Security Level 2 GM-TEG 1-1313-014 ISSUED APR.17,'07 ENGINEERING GUIDE FOR PROCESS PLANT DESIGN OF PIPING, INSULATION, AND PAINTING PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN Unless stamped "CONTROLLED", any hard copy from the TEC-STANDARD SYSTEM is handled as “Non-controlled” Therefore, users should confirm that the copy is relevant version. Go Toyo ENGINEERING CORPORATION TOKYO JAPAN GM-TEG1-1313-014h Security Level 2 @ ENGINEERING GUIDE TOKYO JAPAN ‘Toro Ewcieeninc Comp PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN GM-TEG 1-1313-014 14 15 24 22 23 24 34 32 33 34 General Introduction Application Related TEC ENGINEERING STANDARD Bi. TEC ENGINEERING STANDARD Related CODE & STANDARD BBB CODE & STANDARD Guidelines for application RBLOTE ing flexibility study in the piping design REBHICBIS General Design requirements for FLEXIBILITY FLEXIBILITY (CBS SRY LOR ROA Verification (Analysis) OE (RM) Countermeasure or Concept for the modeling of piping system REROETYVICNTSBAK Basic concept of modeling ET ICOBARE Limitation of application for analysis model BRET LORARE Modeling Method of each item WIT AF LDETY LIBR Modeling Method for individual line BRS LOTT VIR APPENDIX 1 : Guidelines for thermal stress analysis in piping design RERHCHTSACALOT ERR APPENDIX 2 : Simplified evaluation table BBAET- 7 APPENDIX 3 : Stress analysis report for thermal expansion (Sample) APPENDIX 4: Theory and background 22 ar 28 29 35 (P.116 - 6/6) (P.113 - 33) (P.1/10 - 10/10) (P.115 - 515) mMCwR APPENDIX 5 : SiFcomparison result between 45 degrees branch and 90 degrees (P.1/2-2/2) branch by the finite element method PURBRERICL S 45 SHEL 90 BESO SIF LER EER History (P.1/1) RE GM-TEG1-1313-014 Security Level 2 rowo BD savan ENGINEERING GUIDE GM-TEG ‘Toyo Encinzzninc Con. PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN 1-1313-014 ssuED] ARI wT | PAGE 2 OF a7 1. General 1.4 Introduction This Engineering guide (hereinafter called TEG) explains the general philosophy of piping flexibility analysis in piping design, and describes the analytical method and its background for piping systems, =O Engineering guide (IF TEG) Id, ACHRETICHITS PIPING FLEXIBILITY SAIC BIL THT SB OCHY, RL hOHGS, MHICHT SHAHELUTOUREELHSEOTHS. 1.2 Application This TEG is applicable to static analysis. "GM-TEG1-1313-008 “Piping Design for Vibration’ shall be refered for dynamic analysis. IO TEG BORAT SEOTHY, HOMAICHL > Tid, GM-TEG1-1313-008 “Piping Design for Vibration" &8RO= E, 4.3 Related TEC ENGINEERING STANDARD (1) GM-TES-H-184 “Design Instruction for Piping Arrangement” (2) GM-TES-H-155 “Design Instruction for Piping Supports” (3) GM-TES-H-156 “Design Instruction for Piping flexibility Analysis” (4) GM-TEG1-1313-004 “Piping Design for Pipe Rack” (5) GM-TEG1-1313-008 “Piping Design for Vibration” 1.4 Related CODE & STANDARD (1) ASME B16.5 “PIPE FLANGES AND FLANGED FITTINGS” (2) ASME 831.1. “POWER PIPING” (3) ASME B31.3. “PROCESS PIPING" (4) ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code Sec.VIIl_ DIV.2 (6) WRC 107 ‘Local Stress in Spherical and Cylindrical Shells due to External loadings" (6) API STANDARD 610 “Centrifugal Pumps for Petroleum, Heavy Duty Chemical, and Gas Industry Services’ (7) APL STANDARD 617 “Centrifugal Compressors for Petroleum, and Gas Service Industries’ (8) API STANDARD 560 “Fired Heaters for General Refinery Services" (9) API STANDARD 650 “Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage” (10)API STANDARD 661 “Air-Cooled Heat Exchangers for General Refinery Services” (11)NEMA SM-23 “Steam Turbines for Mechanical Drive Service” (12)EJMA GM-TEG1-1313-014 Security Level 2 eee en eee 1-1313-014 @ ENGINEERING GUIDE TOKYO JAPAN ‘Toyo Ewciexninc Conr 4.8. Guidelines for application This TEG is mainly based on ASME B31.3. Therefore, for the special cases such that ASME B31.3 cannot be applied, the analysis methods, formulas, and factors shall be reconsidered before applying to piping design. Note that the latest standard, specification, and instruction shall be applied to piping design. CO TEG CBT SMESLUMMlL, EIC ASME B313 CARE LTHY, SLAKPCMORE - BHICDW Tid TEC standard E LTC OMMEBIME LTS EOCHS. HIT, THDSANSH DICDU TARE LEEORNERBE, MHAOBRETIOL. EK, ABOSMICHK ITI, WICHADMM, specification, instruction, TOHERATSO EL, PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN PAGE 3 OF 37 2. Piping flexibility study in the piping design 2.4 General Piping flexibility is the essential factor to determine a piping configuration. In piping design, a piping configuration needs to satisfy not only layout and process requirements, but also piping strength and flexibility. In normal procedures, piping flexibility analysis is carried out to verify and finalize a piping configuration. Therefore, if sufficient consideration for piping flexibility is not made in piping design, it causes huge impact on schedule and cost for reconsideration of the piping configuration. Therefore, itis important to expect the piping movement at an early stage of piping design, and to give the proper flexibility to the piping stem if general, the fllowing shall be considered for piping flexibity in piping design * Whether support is well-balanced or not + Whether effects of expansion and contraction in a piping system can be absorbed or not + Whether external force on equipment nozzles and structures, which is caused by thermal expansion or contraction of a piping system, can fall within the allowable limit or not In addition, it is important to find problems and solve them from analysis result. 3K The procedure of piping flexibility study is shown in Fig.2.1. RE — beRHSBACHBLEO, PIPING FLEXIBILITY 1155. RCERELICS TIME OEMS JOLABREMLT CMMIC, RETO OOARRHICMRS SRTBMICL ATO RTHSLIIT BLOIC PIPING FLEXIBILITY ORBLE LIS, BRTDN TSREOGARMISBRMIC — EMEA US LOOREAR THY, TCICESETO HBIRROD#T PIPING FLEXIBILITY [CBULT+ ARR EN TUEUE, MALICE < ORIEL TERA RELA La —WPAZ NIC BAMMMESRSCES, TORO, RUOPUMMD SEE EAA-L, MOS FLEXIBILITY ESA TPS EMEETHS. REBHOET FLEXIBILITY CMLSRT NERS, ABS AITHEDIITHS. “RENN ALS MHENTISD, + REOMMCLOEMERRTE SM, ASN TUSMAE, RGR LOWRACHT SAAMMMEERLTCLHTESD, EL, MAB TORRD SPD MMAERITMBL TUS CL BAUTHS. 3 RRERETICBSUTS FLEXIBILITY RHORANE B21 CRT. GM-TEG1-1313-014 Security Level 2 GM-TEG 1-1313-014 D ENGINEERING GUIDE ToKYo JAPAN ‘Toyo ENGINEERING CorP. PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN IssuED | APR.17, ’07 PAGE 4 OF 37 Design Requirements Piping Design (Reterto para, 22) |——»| (Refer to APPENDIX 1) | Countermeasure t (Refer to para. 2.4 ) Verification / Analysis F ( Refer to para. 2.3 ) wo 6000 coon | Design Finalized 1 ign requirements for FLEXIBILITY Codes & Standards mention that the following shall not occur in piping flexibility design. + failure of piping or supports from overstress or fatigue + leakage at joints + detrimental stress or distortion in pipes and valves or connected equipment (pumps and turbines, for example) resulting from excessive thrusts and moments in piping systems. SUETIS, REO FLEXIBILITY BILL FORIC DU THRAME CANE SHROLBE LTS. + BABBAKABHICE RELI HOW + BEDSORN + REDBAZAIALSLUE—AY HCLOEMBBLO/ VT EAI (RYT, 9 ) CEU SABEBAERERE 2.2.1 General consideration for verification of piping flexibility FLEXIBILITY OREEICS KL 2 TOTEM (1) Categories and types of load BROMMLEAD a. Table 2.2.1-a describes the types of load, which shall be considered when calculating stress and reaction force necessary to evaluate flexibility. FLEXIBILITY OFGICLECEAPRACHAS OM, BMICSRT< 2A ROMME RK 2.2.1-a (C KEDS, GM-TEG1-1313-014 Security Level 2 roKvo @ UaPAN ENGINEERING GUIDE GM-TEG Toro Excnvrmine Con PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN 1-1313-014 ISSUED | APR.17, ‘07 PAGE 5 OF 37 Table 2.2.1-a BH EO at Category Detail Permanent or Occasional TERA Ive loads ABAD SNH Permanent loads wise bet | F2 hoes ” ~~) SFE Occasional loads RRL SHH the weight of internal fd used for pressure test RSLUAOGE uae FEB dead loads REED the weight of pi a components. | ENFAIE Permanent loads $B. RAAT the weight of insulation HHT Permanent loads SUPPORT HO} the weight of supports ‘RAH Permanent loads $2.0185 {42075 other superimposed loads. 488879 Occasional loads during construction ABI cS TEC ORE Dynamic loads loading due to the weight of the internal medium seve ~ AKBEYEFA Hydraulic transient 5888091 Occasional loads + ERROR Dies SRNHTHIE Permanent loads pressure oscillation due to compressors | BIC > TE USSR wind loading JERITHIE Occasional loads RICK TESS earthquake Loading $8:RH08 3 Occasional loads HERAREA. UNH, TOM) SGNHF IH Occasional loads discharge reaction forces (safety valve, relief valve) BRCKDTECS | AMICK STE OME ae ae loads by thermal expansion and contraction Permanent loads Loads by temperature effects EACKEITELS | XO—XORERA ae RERFAARB —_| joint pressure thrust force Permanent loads longitudinal loads by pressure tt WT FCkoTECOME Rue © others loads by ground settlement Pe MOF BBLS > TELOAE RTE loads by tidal movement Permanent loads NOTE" — Snow and ice loads are considered as permanent loads in snow-covered area MBWACHUTERMTRLART. NOTE‘) Ground settlement by earthquake is considered as occasional loads MICK SMM FMR LHS. b. At actual verification, combinations from above loads shall be considered. Table2.2.1-b describes the standard load combinations used in typical analysis. RMS TIMI, LABOR SLEROOEM4A DE THAT 5. AMOMMTH SHORENRMSACER 2.2.1-b (CRT, GM-TEG1-1313-014 ENGINEERING GUIDE GM-TEG roo DB srean Toxo Excivesnc Cone PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN 1-1313-014 ISSUED | APRIT, "07 PAGE 6 OF 37 Table 2.2.1-b En | af a ena” a oe | ie tote pressure | weight | thermal | displacement | wind | earthquake | impact | other oe Oo | O o oO | = |= = = Susi al Ome aon aes = a = S 5 p exe, 7 = = Oo oO |= |= = = occ. oO ° = 7 [4 ff a a (A: need not be considered simultaneously ) (A: PRICE LAL) ) NOTE) OPE. : verification for the operational condition MERE BELL RE SUS. : verification for the weight effects, ERCLOMBCSR LAR EXP. : verification for the thermal effects, Ck SESAME OCC. : verification for the occasional loads SERA OTT L RARE AE L REE NOTE the displacement of fixed points such as nozzles and pipe supports by the thermal effects CkORER (JAI), HR bE) BME ©. Caloulation of wind loading BREORH It there are no special requirement from owner, and no applicable standard and regulation available, the following formula from Japanese Building Standard Law shall be applied. SCERRUGRME, RAG CERORUBA IS, AAORBB EECA TORERMT 5, P=cq P: Be ee (kgf/m? ) ¢ + wind factor (0.7 for piping) BAK (RBCHLTEO. TETS) a: velocity pressure ( kgf/m? ) BREE ( kgf/mm? ) a= 60fhn Cnsi6 q=1 i Angee inoniie fh: height above ground surface(m) SD 50K (m) If wind velocity is given from owner, velocity pressure is calculated according to the following formula. EK, BREVERMSASHABAI, UFOREMNTRREEMLT 5. g =1I2pVv? p: airdensity ( kgf + sec’/m* ) BREE ( kgf sec’/m* ) V: wind velocity ik (m/sec ) GM-TEG1-1313-014 Security Level 2 rows D spoan ENGINEERING GUIDE GM-TEG Toro Encrverninc Conr PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN 1-1313-014 ISSUED | APR.I7, ‘07 If there are not any design requirements for the application of wind loading, flexibility analysis shall consider wind loading only for the following piping system. MACHT SRNRRORIMBA CHT, FRRASRA TREC TRHORBERNT 5, © Piping of NPS 24 and over, locating at not less than 10m above grade (Quoted from Lummus spec.) 247 LETT OmMEDMECHSRE UL—VR SPEC.L UIA) Piping located where wind effect affects on piping flexibility analysis. Mh, BSUS THOME IRR SBRICT LY VENTURE 4. Calculation of seismic forces REO RH If there are no special requirement from owner, and no applicable standard and regulation, seismic force is not necessary to be considered. However, for a piping system with a spring or a hanger support which tends to be imbalanced due to large flexibility, seismic force is necessary to be considered. In this case, static analysis shall be applied to evaluate a piping system, and seismic force shall be calculated by using the following simplified formula. PICRRRUMARE, RAS CERO NORGE E RR LES TRIM AZUL IP AVA-OBMICLY FLEXIBILITY HAS < FARRAR ERICH LTS RACKET FOLELHS. TOMA, HMICLSAFASMAMICROR ERICH LBNCHMET IIE EL, MRAM HSK CHS. Fak-w F : earthquake-induced horizontal forces ( kof ) MERA ( kof ) k : seismic factor ( 0.2in TEC STANDARD ) HREM ( TECMETOZETS ) W : weight of piping ( kg ) Rene NOTE“? If friction coefficient at a restraint point such as a resting support is considered as 0.3 and standard seismic factor as 0.2, the effects of seismic forces can be omitted in flexibility analysis because friction factor, 0.2, is less than friction factor, 0.3. BROVAT 4 VIBCLORATRMAME 0.3 ELTHRTESBACS, RRO RARE O2ETSEMRACL SUMS LUBRTRSEBAS. TOMREBO O2 EUS RMS, FARR TED See UE. (2) Consideration for operational condition MERAICHTSSR ‘The severest condition in all operational conditions (temperature/pressure) shall be incorporated into piping design. Maximum operating temperature/pressure under normal operation condition shall be generally considered as the severest condition. However, if there are any other operational modes such as ‘steam-out and operation / stand-by of pumps, they shall be also considered. For bare piping, thermal expansion of piping due to solar radiation shall be incorporated into flexibility analysis. In addition, it should be noted that piping for cryogenic service moves to the opposite direction from a neutral position TI hOMEY DOPTHASNSTN TOMBE (BE, EAB) O35, MLE BU TRHICRRELSLENS SD, PMOBERECSI SRRRREE - EAEBKEL, TOHOMRE-K (AF-ATObOAY JOOVBAMES) MHSBACIENS SSRIS, ABOEHERISREBOBALS, BEOENS 1 Y COAMMICL SREOMUME LSOTRE FS. BE, EMREOS 1 Cid, WHE MEM CREME DEAE BSOTHICRETS, GM-TEG1-1313-014 Security Level 2 GM-TEG 1-1313-014 PAGE 8 OF 37 @D ENGINEERING GUIDE TOKYO JAAN ‘Toyo Encineeninc Con, PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN ISSUED | APR.17, 07 2.3 Verification (Analysis) aie (OA) A piping configuration planed shall be verified in its strength. Flexibility analysis is required for all piping systems with one of the following analysis method: HMST CRB — has, BERN REARRL VC CEREUS hEMETS. BAM, TX TORBICHL FLEXIBILITY OMBETS E13 CESAIBIC, BRLFO 3 DOAK TREMTDNS. + Exemption from formal flexibility analysis RR + Simplified method BaFz + Comprehensive analysis TR 2.3.1 Exemption from formal flexibility analysis RRR Exemption is defined as the method that an engineer checks if without any comprehensive analysis works. SRGRAERILTDS, REAOMETHRET SR BERT ME FLEXIBILITY Zi THUS DES ORT SAR. (1) Applicable lines RIT Y (2) A piping system reproduced or replaced with minor modification according to a system operating with a successful service record RFCEGCREOREROARENSH. Riis. MBA SHSRTMELRREH DAUR Ke (©) A piping system that can be readily judged to be adequate by comparison with previously analyzed piping systems, OEIC MAAAOR BRE OUBICE Y SHIM EAB CE SRR, (c) A piping system that can be readily judged to be adequate by engineer's or designer's experience and knowledge. BHAORMEMMICL YMMV ESIC CA SER, configuration has enough flexibility GM-TEG1-1313-014 ‘Security Level 2 GM-TEG 1-1313-014 @ ENGINEERING GUIDE ToKYO JAPAN Toyo Encinexninc Cor 2.3.2 Simplified method BB Fik This is the method to evaluate force and stress, which occur in a piping system, by using tables and graphs prepared based on fundamental piping configuration patterns to simplify flexibility analysis. RAICLSH MRED SHC, MANTRAS —YETIHRENLRES 57 SEO TRE KICEVSEAPHNEMBNCRO THES SFiK, PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN PAGE 9 OF 37 (1) Applicable lines WRIT Y + lines excluded from comprehensive analysis (see para. 2.3.3) and equal to or larger than NPS 2. FMRAT(2.3.3 AS R)ONRAT 2” LEDS, (2) Evaluation method HEAR Evaluation methods are as follows. The designer shall make sure of an applied method and the results of calculation. AEOAKCAMFOCOMHSA, MVE FRELUBRILYH CU TER CE SLD AMICLT BK. + Apply the attached evaluation table (APPENDIX2) or proper evaluation method Wt (APPENDIX 2) OMBREMVSD, SCLBIAMBWEREMVS, + Apply the following formula indicated in ASME B31.3)||319.4.1(c) to evaluate flexibility, ASME B31.3/ 11319.4.1(c)T FLEXIBILITY DHE AICMESN TUS FOMBLE RNS, Note that this formula can be applied only when pipe size is uniform with no more than two fixed points and no intermediate restraints within a piping system KEL, HRERSRERC, BEALHM2ADAT, TOMICAMBCMME SASL OPE PRES, BENE THORUSDE 3 BIRD <, oY nr = (L-U) D_ = outside diameter of pipe (mm) BORE (mm) Y = total displacement of resultant strains, which must be absorbed by piping systems (mm) REAOBRAIMESSAUVSRMOF AOS ARAM (mm) L_ + total length of piping between anchors (m) BERMORBOE od “Base temperature" is the temperature that becomes the basis for calculating amount of thermal expansion or contraction in piping, and is considered generally equal to the temperature at installation, Actual base temperature shall be determined by climatic conditions in each construction site or requirements in specification from owner for each project. TEC standard defines base temperature as annual average of minimum ambient temperature for bare/hot insulated piping, annual average of maximum temperature for cold insulated piping. To Carry out analysis, using the severest condition of difference in temperature between temperature at installation (at shut down) and temperature at operation, ‘guarantees conservative design. Applicable base temperature should be checked prior to input of the model because base temperature is defined as 20 °C in the domestic standard, but ASME 831.3 defines as 70°F(21.11°C).. SRATLL, REOMURENNT SMICERLESRET, BABORLSMEN THERA THS, RRA TS SRMIS, MAIO MRA, RSH HLM ICBS VT JOB CLICRETF SUYEMHS, MESLURBLE CH CSM EMEA MSE, RAB CHL SEMIS RAMRE TEC GM-TEG1-1313-014 Security Level 2 GM-TEG 1-1313-014 @D ENGINEERING GUIDE ToKYO JAPAN ‘Toyo Encinseninc Corr. PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN PAGE 12 OF 37 ISSUED | _APR.17, "07 RRETS. FY bORARMCE WTR (RISMER) EMRE OMRRMAR < BORE (CHATS CE CREMOMMETI CLIC, ARZAWF—FICBWT, BAMGTIS2 OCA, ASME MARTIL 7 OCF (21. 1°C) MAREE ERDTHSOT, EFWEL YA y bF SMICBMENSBRERERBLTHES. RH BE Analysis temperature is the maximum (or minimum) metal temperature during operation. Analysis temperature is used to calculate the thermal expansion of piping by the difference between the analysis, and the base temperature, and then, stresses and reaction forces are calculated. Generally, analysis temperature is considered as the same as fluid temperature inside piping. However, special consideration is required for jacket piping because metal temperature is different from intemal fluid temperature. Refer to ASME B31.3 / || 301.3 “Analysis temperature" for definition. Analysis temperature shall be confirmed on a project-by-project basis as well as base temperature. Note that the following operation modes must be considered as well as normal operation mode for flexibility analysis, if available; + steam out + catalyst regeneration around a reactor + operation for running and stand-by pumps + decoking around cracking furnace PARE LMG (CS ORS (KLE) SRRLEREL THA, BRARLOBCL IRE OMMRURERMLGAPRAOHRICAN SNS, PRONE CAABREOREERCERRTRN DS, 2EREORS AMAL ONGREOREERZSBABHSOCERT 5, 35, BLOLR (CBALTIS, ASME B31.3/ 1301.3 “Analysis temperature" BHO L, SRERCMACEAT SMBS | o DCLICMRMLETHS, Kt, MRCS UMRORE SAFC CRRETS BS EHSOCRETS, SAT NAMBE— KCMAROHNHS. ‘2F-ATIb YTS BU OMMAENY BATE “MBBORYD TCLS MY MARE LILY / SPY OF 3-H TY BANE For bare piping exposed to direct sunlight, thermal expansion in piping by radiation head shall be ‘considered when there is no fluid flow inside piping. In tropical region, if there is no specific requirement from owner, radiation heat temperature shall be 65°C as standard. If design temperature is used as analysis temperature and difference between design temperature and ‘normal operational temperature is large, itis necessary to pay attention to the displacement of equipment nozzles and the selection of spring supports. EM, AMOBME SF SMALE CABAED AN OR EE (CISA UME CSOT, TORE ERATSLENSS., ABBICSW THERE MBA, ABO 6 5 CERELLT BHICMAUE SATS“, ‘EK, PRARL UCRHEEERNSES, RBG RR COSMAS BCS, MB/ AOBDE PATI LI GR— KOBE EENLETHS, b. Consideration of friction RABIES SERORE When piping moves, reaction force caused by friction occurs at contact face of support point. If large reaction force caused by friction is not considered in analysis, it influences on the result of displacement and thermal reaction force, and proper analysis results might not be obtained. Therefore, in case that both of the following conditions are satisfied, comprehensive analysis shall consider frictional effect. REVBHTSM, HR- bAICEIT SIEM (RA ICRRESR LIGNE, BMPR: GM-TEG1-1313-014 SMRICKSRAMELS. ARRAAS MES ME SRARHT—9 EL TRBLLROBNNH Security Level 2 ENGINEERING GUIDE GM-TEG 1-1313-014 rowro BD sean ‘Toro Ewcinesnine Cour, PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN PAGE 13 OF 37 IssUED | APR.17, 07 S. HOT, UFOMRASAA LAMA, MERA MHETICLERRLTS, + in case that the pipe unit weight including the weight of fluid and insulations is more than 200kg/m. REOMMRM (ABA, RR-RFESL) 1 200k9/m LLORAS + In case that the difference between the base temperature and analysis temperature is more than 250°C. BRR RHR LORAH 250 CL LORS When friction effect is considered, static friction coefficient on Table 2.2.3 shall be applied. AER SR LE BEEICESU TIS, AMT OMI LS MEIER HE 2.2.3.6 Y A CHAE ATO. Table. 2.2.3 Coefficient Steel to steel 0.30 Steel to concrete 0.45 | Stainless steeltoTefion | | Rolling support 0.05 | Graphite to graphite =i 0.15 ~ (quoted from Lummus spec.) (Ub=2 SPEC.£U3IA) NOTE : The stress and reaction force are calculated with the static friction coefficient in CAESAR I Therefore, calculated reaction force is equal to the maximum static frictional force which occurs just before the piping moves. 3B) CAESARII TIS, MEMES SIBACMEMIRKE AD LUMI SR, HAIARE L TOMS SEMICE SRAMLERAMRAL LTHHENS, GM-TEG1-1313-014 Security Level 2 aan D or ENGINEERING GUIDE GM-TEG ‘Tovo Enctnemninc Conr PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN 1-1313-014 ISSUED | APR.17, '07 PAGE 14 OF 37 (2) Procedure of Analysis RIOR tn comprehensive analysis, whether there is any problems or not shall be confirmed for each OPERATION, SUSTAINED, and EXPANSION mode. Fig 2.3.3 shows the procedure of comprehensive analysis for OPERARION, SUSTAINED, and EXPANSION mode. MME CIS, AEM (OPE) , MMICL SRA (SUS) BLUME SRW (EXP) HLT BBR OEHRIS. H233CTORNERT. OPE aie a ay Modify ¥ © Modify 4 dipiscement > rant Part) 5 ves 0 @ Ciplecementin @ horzontaldrecion 1 Z40n "0 Osplacement ves vertca drecon Ys20m woaty | YS ¥ Resvain pont neta Resa pon reason free ae moment NO cooD coon No 6000 ‘ Fina mare analysis in. 2.3.3 GM-TEG1-1313-014 ENGINEERING GUIDE GM-TEG rowro BD snvan Toro Encivssunc Con. PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN 1-1313-014 Each item in Fig2.3.3 is prescribed as below. 23.3 PICS SSMACOUTHF ICKL DS, ‘a. Check items for OPERATION case OPERATION (B34 SHEEEHOR @ It shall be confirmed that the pipe is not lifting at resting support in operational condition. Even if pipe is lifting at resting support, itis acceptable as long as primary stress falls within the allowable limi MERU CLAT 4 YY + OR bACEVSREOMAGRUOMETS. FEMHTH, TOK EC 1 KE A LEMMAS LS @ It shall be confirmed that the piping with large horizontal displacement “(especially more than 40mm) does not interfere with adjacent piping and structures. PCL SAT BMDAS ZED” (IC 4 OmmILL) Id, BRT SREPZ ASIF ¥- LOFTS EV DEETS. NOTE" Special attention is required in case that a cold line and hot line are adjacent to each other. BY Cold RE HOt ROT MMT SAIS, HICREOMAIERTS, @ It shall be confirmed that reaction force and moment on equipment nozzles and supports are within allowable limit. MEE / RIVICDDSRABLUE — XY bE SMARE DTVSMMRTS, YR- HCMPMSRABLUE- AY bE L OM DMBTS. @ When there is slope in piping by process requirement, it shall be confirmed that the requirement is stil satisfied after thermal displacement of piping, D4 YARICNT S7NLABKNH SBS, RECHROBELTUSOMBTS. . Check item for SUSTAINED case SUSTAINED [CD03 3 FREER © It shall be confirmed that the primary stress for a piping system does not exceed the allowable limit regulated in the code. RERCEUS READ, MACEDO SNAAAMEMA TURUDMRTS, @® Blance of support points shall be checked. Considering bending stress, vertical deflection on horizontal lines shall not exceed 20mm ®) PR-FONSYACBMORUDMRETS, HFCASBML, 20mm ORDA” SBRETS, NOTE — During support-marking, it shall be confirmed that the support span and local stress at support point are within the allowable limit. 2? DR hBRICISHBANY EBMARUESEEL, BBGACHTSRERERRTS. @ It shall be confirmed that the excessive force is not acting on the equipment nozzles. Especially for rotating machines, since there is alignment work, extemal force acting on nozzles at installation shall be minimized. AB ZVI BMZAMD DD TIVE PMT S. ICG AIST I14 AY AMHSKO, B PRET AIVCAEDIEVK SITS, GM-TEG1-1313-014 Security Level 2 ENGINEERING GUIDE GMTEG PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN 1-1313-014 PAGE roxo BD ssoan Toxo Enciwesninc Con? 16 OF 37 ISSUED | APR.17, ‘07 | cc. Check Item for EXPANSION case EXPANSION (C83 4 HEEWOA @ It shall be confirmed that secondary stress for a piping system does not exceed the allowable limit regulated in the code. REKCEUS 2KEAMMETEO SNA BMEMA TI PHRTS. Note that stress-range reduction factor(), which is used in the calculation of allowable stress, changes in ccase that the number of cycles by cyclic operation is more than 7000 (One cycle per day for approx. 20 years). SGU A CLS BLAM 7000 B (1A 1 OMY BATH OF) SMASBA, HBS PIABRICE I SEK (FE) MEDSOTERTS, @ It shall be subject to “severe cyclic condition’ when the number of cycles is more than 7000 and the calculated stress is more than 80% of the allowable stress. 2A, DONMGAMHBGADM 80% EMA SMAICIS severe cyclic 208 #8 7000 conditions DSIRE 7S. (3) Items to be evaluated and outlines for comprehensive analysis HAMAS 5 HRABOMBLE a. Evaluation for primary stress VREAICHTSNE Primary stress by external force such as internal pressure and weight is directly related to destruction of material. Therefore, primary stress St. shall be within allowable values as regulated in the code. As evaluation method, the sum of longitudinal stress (St) caused by weight, pressure, and other superimposed permanent loads shall NOT exceeds the basic allowable stress (Sh) at design temperature. Pipe wall thickness used in calculating St shall be the nominal thickness T minus mechanical, corrosion and erosion allowance. In ASME B31.3, the specific calculation formula for Sis not described. Therefore, generally, the following formula is used considering axial stress due to internal pressure and bending moment. AEP ARSOAAICEV EUS 1 RGARAHOBMIC DEMS, MBTEDSN TSH ME (BRU, PRB) CMULTENSMA TITS. HEOAKRETS, EA, BRSELUTOHORMIBIC LY £CSREAAOGNOA (S_) A, MARKS SEARBOA (S,) EBARWVCEELTHS, BH, RGA MRICS SA Mid, ROR, Mint (RES) OAH (c) EKLINLOEOEAMNS, ASME B31.3 OPIS [CUI SRAMTHMAEMEN TORU, AECL VECSMARIS HEMIFE-AY hERRT, BIS FROR ” MAVENS, PD J CieM)?+ (ie? fog ee eels Sis at Z St sum of longitudinal stress REAAGA (Ninn) P. : internal design pressure BHAE (Nir) D : outside diameter of pipe EDA (mm) pipe wall thickness AIK (mm) i: in-plane stress intensification factor HIPAA SERRE io : out-plane stress intensification factor MING AS PERE Mr: in-plane bending moment BARIFE—X> b (Nm) ‘Mo: out-plane bending moment BARIFE—X> b (N-mm) Z_: section modulus of pipe WOMB (m ri) GM-TEG1-1313-014 Security Level 2 roKvo @ JAPAN ENGINEERING GUIDE GMTEG ‘Toyo Encinnexinc Corr. PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN 1-1313-014 ISSUED | APR17, "07 PAGE 17 OF 37 Torsional moment is not considered as longitudinal direction component, and only in-plane and out-plane bending moment are considered. 1B, E-AYHORUURAAREAMEBAT, HALBADRMIFE—AY hOHBMLTHS, NOTE"? : In ASME B31.1 (1104.8. 1), the following formula is given as primary stress evaluation, EO) ASMEB31.1 (9104.8.1) OPTI, 1 RBAOHME LTLFORAAMHICSZSNT Hs, s.= PD 0.751 Mx? + My? + Mz? $1.0, wat Zz i: stress intensification factor (The product 0.75i shall never be taken as less than 1.0) IEAM REO.75i21) Sn: basic material allowable stress at maximum temperature BRARALICS I SBARSEA All moment components including torsional components are considered by multiplying the coefficient (0.75) in consideration of the effect of SIF for primary and secondary stress. The above equation does not distinguish SIF of in-plane and out-plane individually. VRGAE 2RGAICETS SIF OMRERRLT 0.75 LUV GHEKITHY, DUVEROLET OE-AYPRAEBML TNS, KM, ASME 831.3 ELI) SIF [C in-plane & out-of-plane DEER) ide, b. Evaluation of occasional stress MARIS SAE Stress produced by occasional loads, such as seismic and wind loads are regarded as primary stress and added to longitudinal stress St for evaluation. Note that occasional loads such as seismic and wind loading need not be considered simultaneously, and shall be evaluated by adding an individual load separately to longitudinal stress, ASME 831.1 regulates the following formula for primary stress due to ‘occasional loads. HR, MEOGRABCLVELS BA, 1 RGALARLTHAAMBA(S CMA THMEA I. KEL, BAEMHT SPIT MOS MAT SCBA SHRIM<, RMR LTE SIGMA THHBE ITS. ASME B31.1 TitRBICLSTRESNTHS, S 0 le Me)) =, (215 M)) < 4s, 7 z) (Ma: resultant moment loading on cross section due to weight and other sustained loads (N-mm) Ms: resultant moment loading on cross section due to occasional loads, such as thrusts from relief / safety valve loads, from pressure and flow transients, and earthquake (N-mm) k_: coefficient for occasional loads Sh : basic material allowable stress at maximum temperature (N/m rr) ASME B31.3/ {| 302.2.4 describes coefficient K as shown below.” RB, KICHL TRF OE DICBAS (ASME B31.3/ 730224 8K) . * For occasional fluctuations caused by pressure and temperature, ENASBLUBEICSITS—BNRBICHLTIS, No more than 50 hr at one time and no more than 500 hriyr. TEU OPERANDS S ORFMILLAT, SERS 0 OFF MILLAD A = No more than 10 hr at one time and no more than 100 hriyr. 33, VHDL Y OP RRIMDS 1 ORSMILATT, FER O ORFMLLA@RS : k=1.33, GM-TEG1-1313-014 I toro BD snean ‘Toxo Evcinzeninc Con PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN iSSUED | APR.17, "07 Security Level 2 GM-TEG 1-1313-014 ENGINEERING GUIDE PAGE 18 OF 37 + When occasional fluctuation is self-controlled by pressure relieving etc. TRO MEAMHBICLY ACMMS NSRACH LTS, No more than 50hr at one time and no more than 500hriyr 1 HSU ORAS ORFMILLAT, SEMIS 0 OFFRILIND AS + For other occasional loads, such as wind or earthquake during operations EOMOMRMICAT SH, HREOGMABICML TS, NOTE ‘?) ASME B31.1/ ] 104.8.2 describes allowable stress for occasional loads as follows. EO ASME B31.1/9 104.82 Tid, GMARICNT SHBGAEL THIOL SICMEENTHS, + Occasional loads acting for no more than & hr at one time and no more than 800 hriyear : k=1.15 HMSO 1 OTE RABIN AS, 8 RARILLAC. SEM] 800 BFILLAY + Occasional loads acting for no more than 1 hr at one time and no more than 80 hriyear : k=1.20 SERED 1 OMAR A, 1 RMIT. SER 80 RETA Evaluation of secondary stress 2REAICHT SAE Secondary stress, which occurs by restraining the displacement from thermal expansion and contraction of piping, does not relate to destruction of material directly if the stress is within twice the yield stress value. Therefore, the evaluation of the secondary stress is carried out by providing limitation for the fatigue fracture caused by cyclic operation. Secondary stress is evaluated by displacement stress range calculated by difference caused in a piping system between the maximum displacement condition and installed condition ‘The computed displacement stress range (SE), shall not exceed the allowable displacement stress range (SA) described by following formula REOMOMS CLSBMEWRTSTECLLVELS2KGAIS, BRAD 2H TME STON (LMRWURICIS DEMS VEO, MUBLICL SAMRAT SOIRICE URGE TUS, HH OARE LTS, BAR ARME CIRM E RICK URE SRE HTC TBE 2RGAORMICLURERICECSHMGARH (SE) Id, LU FORICK URES SRA (SA) SMBA TIA M. SES SA=f (1, 258c+ 0. 258,) Sc: basic allowable stress at minimum metal temperature expected during the displacement cyclic under analysis (N/m ri) f_: stress range reduction factor Its possible to add (Sh-SL) of primary stress to above formula for evaluation. However, usually it shall ‘not be used with consideration of safety design. (ASME B31.3/ 1102.3. (d)4(1b) ) LRGACBISRBS (S,—S.) SHRLEMCMATHHT SOL ARTH SM, HMIRS MERTBBLIZUZEETS (ASME B31.3/ 1302.3.5(d)(1b)3t) « Displacement stress range SE is computed as following formula, 728, HAGAWH (SE) (LICTRS, SE Sb + 45t* Stress by axial and shear force need not be included to the computed stresses range because the stress is negligible compared with resultant bending stress (Sb) and torsion stress (St) MABLUCAMAICLS BA, MIFE-—AYb (Sb), AUYE-AYb (St) CASBAH ATRATHSIZEDENOT, HABARBICITENEN, GM-TEG1-1313-014 Security Level 2 i eae 1-1313-014 ENGINEERING GUIDE PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN rowro BD sscan Toxo Encinezninc Corr, PAGE 19 OF 37 4. Evaluation for equipment nozzles ME RVI SHE Allowable external force on equipment nozzles differs depending on equipment type. In addition, philosophy for allowable external force differs depending on applicable codes or vendor standards. Therefore, it is necessary to confirm which value as allowable external force shall be applied for evaluation. Table 2.22 shows the classification of equipment nozzles and their main applicable standards, MEDIA TICLVENEND/ AICHF SHBAAMRAS, Ek, MHANSMBICLITOH REPHEEVRDY, A-A-OBRMBMENSHACHSOT, EOMEMBRELTHNSO PERMICLTE Flanges) zo CAESAR II Tid, EROS [cit > T Force RU Moment £484 EA (CML, ASME B16.5 [C4514 P-T Rating & DLIRES kU ASME Sec.Mil Division 1 -Appendix 2 (cit 37 ARMED ___| ab = Resting Spring c. Addition of support (to avoid exceeding primary stress by shortage of support) PR hOB (HR- PERILS 1 iGAA-A-) —_ 2.4.2 Change of piping route Jb hORE Changing piping route (re-consideration of piping configuration) shall be considered only if the change of support (.¢. support type and location) cannot give the piping system sufficient flexibility or the change causes a big cost impact. The change of a single piping system shall be carried out carefully considering the relation with adjacent piping. In changing piping route, to expand pipe length shall be considered at first to increase flexibility by making the pipe length longer (loop and expansion of offset). Secondly, bends such as elbows shall be added if necessary. When the changes of pipe route are carried out, the following shall be considered PR LOMB Tid+57e FLEXIBILITY EB SAGES PIR bAORMHAS TSM FORCEETS, + check the pressure loss of a piping system because pipe route becomes longer I= BRK BSED, EDREAMS. + Try to group loops together as much as possible so as not to waste space when loops are installed in several lines MBOI A VIN FERRS OM, AN— AMICI SBULS TH BRIG HUTS, + minimize bends to save cost AAT YACBSED, TRBRI MAY IRDES TS, END. Z- BEND (2) Absorption of thermal expansion and contraction with expansion joint LIANYY aYRO- ACE SEO BR Usage of an expansion joint shall be considered when obtaining piping flexibilty by re-routing or adding loops is difficult due to the lack of space (See EJMA “Expansion Joint Manufacturers Association for detail). There are two kinds of expansion joints. One is the axial type, which is installed in straight pipe and absorbs the axial expansion and contraction. The other is the hinged type, which absorbs the expansion and contraction of the direction perpendicular to the axial... Both types need not be large space to be installed compared with pipe loops. However, a expansion joint needs the periodical inspection because the possibility of leakage is high due to structural weakness. In addition, because a expansion joint may produce hindrance to long continuous operation, the limitation of usage due to process fluid characteristic shall be thoroughly considered. The following shall be considered for the Usage of expansion joints. REBASOMBICL Y REO ALP — FICT FLEXIBILITY EBSC EMMIS, LIAN YY ay RO-AOEMERNT S (LIAN Y ay NO-ZXOBACT SEMICON TIS, EIMA “Expansion Joint Manufacturers Association” MOC <) . EPANYY aYNO-AOS ATC, BMRB HT TMA MOMME TCH SMT EH BRAGOMERRTA SMMOMHY, WFNS - 7H THVRERMEDBE LAA Vy bhBHS, LOLANS, MEHICBVKORNOGREDR < EMNTRESLE THU, RG BABE LAMSLSHTAMHSLO, FOLAMGLRUABAAERLORABMHE TART GM-TEG1-1313-014 Scourity Level 2 ENGINEERING GUIDE GM-TEG ron BD svean ‘Toro Evcinzexne Corr ISSUED | APR.I7, “07 BIE. KK, KAICAKITEUFORICERTS, + fixed end reaction force which occurs at both ends of expansion joint normally AD -AOMMBICE VSHERRA PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN 1-1313-014 PAGE 25 OF 37 + proper support selection for allowing expansion joint to function properly LOANYY aYRO-XEEMCMRESCSLOOR— b a. Fixed end reaction force Brann Thrust force due to intemal pressure and spring reaction force due to expansion and contraction of expansion joint provide reaction force at fixed point of both ends of the expansion joint (F). Therefore the fixed ends shall be given enough strength. The calculation formula for the fixed end reaction force which occurs by single expansion joint is as follows. RD-XOMMICEAE LSA EMME SILARAMAT SOT, ENE! MRA ES, WFICMROXO-ACLVELSHERRA (F) ONMRERT. SIT F = Fp + Fx — F_ : reaction force acting on the fixed end CHAT BBL Fp : thrust force by internal pressure AEICL SH (= A x P) A: effective cross-section area of the expansion joint AD-ZAOAMGAR P : internal pressure YEE Fx : springreactionforce (stabi ( = k x 8 ) k © spring constant spring of expansion AO- AIS the amount of expansion and contraction of expansion joint An - ZAR b. Type of expansion joint and its support AD-AOSAFEVR— PHB ‘The proper support shall be installed for an expansion joint to make it function properly. Table 2.4.2 describes the typical types and installation examples of an expansion joint. AO-AMERIMMT SES (CBIR bEMETS, RAOEKO- XIHA TEMRAER 242cRt. GM-TEG1-1313-014 Security Level 2 ENGINEERING GUIDE GM-TEG PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN 1-1313-014 rowro Osean ‘Toro Encisnnne Cone PAGE 26 OF 37 IssuED | APR.17, "07 AERA TRA eA ea sue, [oirectn to absoro]_ Examples of instalation | enter sislacoment re ine wt wae Single Type br ‘Axial direction = a ) (TH fe, =e nA wm jaas—t} Axial direction Oo” 44. | Universal READ a | te f Lateral direction sa Line | EASR! mA Type [Pressure-bela) ‘Axial direction F need Type mt A) —- ‘Angular ey x Hinge al displacement Be] Type (one direction) co : B & Hinge wet (2A) Type) Yortub Angular . a Gimbal E displacement Type (All direction) NOTE‘) incase that expansion joints can absorb the axial displacement 2° — BAMORMRRMSSBA (3) Reduction of reaction force at fixed-end point by cold spring AEA UY ACLS REBRA DER Cold spring is the function to reduce the fixed end reaction force during initial operation by making the pipe short (or long) in advance and connecting the piping compulsorily. However, even if the operational maximum stress value is reduced, stress occurs at installation is acting on opposite direction and stress range between stress at shut down and stress at operation does not change, Therefore, it does not reduce thermal stress caused by repeated cycles of operation and shutdown." In addition, cold spring shall not be used except for the special case because the accuracy in construction “and its management are needed. REEHSMUCOM< (RRS) MELMBIICRATS CECA, MERE CREM AEMESFSCEMTHS. LOLAMS, BABICPAEOHAEELSO CHEPOBARA IMEFULTS, PEBLOGAE (GARE) KEDSCULO, RYVRLMRCETSAGAOMA (ISR BR, Et, RICBLTHEOBOIS” LHBOLELRSRY, HNABAERE AERTS. GM-TEG1-1313-014 Security Level 2 roo DO vsan ENGINEERING GUIDE GM-TEG ‘Toro Enciwexninc Con. PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN 1-1313-014 ISSUED | APR.17, '07 PAGE 27 OF 37 NOTE‘ Secondary stress calculation with CAESAR-II shall be carried out without considering cold spring effect. CAESAR ICO 2 RAGA BF ICIEA—IL LAZY YY OMRERL THD. NOTE ® Considering the accuracy in construction, ASME 831.3 describes that the calculation of reaction force is corrected by multiplying the factor of two-third to the effect of cold spring. The factor, 2/3, is the value based on experience because all length produced for cold spring cannot be guaranteed to be effective to reduce reaction force. EO LOMB LT ASME B31.3 Tid, RAOH MET SMICA— KATY YIOWRIE 23 DRBEMT THIEL TUS (23 SA-ILERTY YY ORME RETE RUE ELSE - 2.4.3 Confirmation to the vendor AvI-AO8R In case that external force on equipment nozzles exceeds the allowable value and either changing support ‘oF piping route does not solve the problem or it gives a large impact on design, itis possible to check with a vendor through mechanical department for confirmation of external force for an individual nozzle. It is desirable to confirm with the vendor as early as possible because there may be a margin for regulated value in the code and standard, or it can be solved by adding reinforcement. MH) LIPPSADMHSMSBATHY, DIK bBLVI— hOB TAME, RHI SAGME SASL 5 GBS, MBE L TAY — AMBIT 3 LB OME E 17 5 LESMETHS. MEL TORRENT ROAM SBS PMMICLUNUTH STE HSM, T SBE RUGMICMRT SC LOWELL, 3. Concept for the modeling of piping system RERDEFY YACHT SBA Normally, comprehensive analysis carried out as piping design is linear analysis, assuming a straight pipe a a single beam. In material mechanics, a piping system is treated as continuous beam, and a calculation problem results in obtaining force which is required to deform a piping system to conform to the restraint Condition of the piping system from “free-restraint condition” that no restraint such as pipe supports and equipment nozzles is assumed to make the piping system expand and deform freely. BM, REBHCHDNSRMMTIL, ETE 1 EO (IL UMBETI) LTR IRERHTHS. H AAPM VOMME LTR, HR MEE ZL, PAR bh) EMR THERE BIS LEMORE CHAS SMOKES LE LSOCLELASERO SMM ICMRTS. 3.1 Basic concept of modeling EFULOERRS Consider a linear beam which has rigidity at the midpoint of pipe cross section (See below figure). This beam does not have dimensional information such as areas and volumes, and have only rigidity for each shape of cross section as an attribution. Each piping component is assumed as uniform one and the partial discontinuous plane is not considered. HREGIREGAO PIC, HSMLEGORREET I) (FA) HHSLBAS, COMIMRHLU SRACTRRME THOT, SMERICNT SMOSEREL LTH TS, REDS MRE QRLAREN, BHHGERHLSRS NZ, GM-TEG1-1313-014 Security Level 2 vowo D swan ENGINEERING GUIDE GM-TEG PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN 1-1313-014 PAGE 28 OF 37 ‘Tovo Encineeninc Corr, ISSUED | APR.17, 07 In beam structure model, the calculation for a straight pipe is cared out based on the following ‘assumptions. EUMBEF VCS, WRB LUFORECBIN THREES THS, —The shape of cross section does not change even if external force and moment act on a piping system. ANBLUE—AY HAA LERET, BMPR EC S721. the external force and the moment act on the center of subjected piping component. ANBLVE- AY MS, HRAMMOPLICHL THATS. The effect of deformation of cross section at a bend and branch points is not negligible. Therefore, result calculated in the beam structure is corrected by mutiplying Stress Intensification Factor and Flexibility Factor. 12, BONY BSL UMASS LTIASETE (MPL) (Ck SEARS < MATH RWED, [UME SRO WRIRICH L-TORMK (Stress Intensification Factor 254: U Flexibility Factor) OSC ETH: PREMELTIS. 3.2 Limitation of application for analysis model RHTT LOMA In the linear analysis by a beam structure mod (LU MBEFIVICL REM TS, FOR there are the following limitations. SHRLORANHS. + Larger pipe diameter and thinner pipe wall-thickness is, more analysis model is different from actual condition. ASME 831.3 describes that Stress Intensification Factor and Flexibility Factor are valid only in case of D/TS 100. KOE/ MAB SILERROREL DBUKE <%B (ASME 31.3 Tid Stress Intensification Factor &£ U Flexibility Factor DH MRRH DITS100 ELTHS) « + Local stress at discontinuous plane (e.g. wall thickness is not uniform resulted by corrosion or installation of support) cannot be evaluated PR- LOBHT RP BRICK Y ARMA E> THSMASORBAMICNT SBBGAOH BELURGOTE RN, + Plastic deformation and creep at high temperature cannot be evaluated. VERE PMRTODY-FEHWTSCLBTHRN, + Compressive stress (buckling) cannot be evaluated. compressive stress (buckling) [CF SARBE Liz). Nonlinear analysis shall be carried out if undesirable calculation result is expected due to the above assumption. 2B, LRORMKS< MMLROBAICS, LEG UIREMAGE > THATS. GM-TEG1-1313-014 Security Level 2 roKvo @ sapAN ENGINEERING GUIDE GM-TEG ‘Toxo Evcinexninc Corr PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN 1-1313-014 ISSUED | APR.I7, "07 PAGE 29 OF 37 3.3 Modeling method of each item BUT AFLDEF YY IA (1) Piping components Resa Piping components such as valves and flanges shall be modeled as rigid model which specifies face-to-face dimension and its weight. The weight is considered as a concentrated load in analysis. The weight of bolis/nuts and gaskets should be added to the flange weight. Basically, itis preferable that all the components are incorporated into the analysis model. However, TEC standard of the modeling is as follows. KWIPIFI 7 PSOR BBR, MTEL RMEMBL LTHIOY Fy KEFILEL TRAE, RMARPBELTS. DIY ICAVE/ Fy b, AAT Y PORMOMAS. BAVMSBA EMMETT KEMPE LM, TECRRE LTETY YFICHT SBRELFETS, Piping components of 300 Ib and under 8 and larger Piping components of 600 Ib and over : 4° and larger This standard is defined, considering the effect of concentrated loads for the analysis in general. In case that the effect of concentrated load can not be ignored (e.g. piping around rotating machine and piping with double block valves etc.), concentrated load is necessary to be included in analysis even if itis not applicable for TEC standard of modeling mentioned above. COMRLERRE OMA LRPAEC SSUES LTEOROOTHY, DERBY SOE EREOI 77D DNASE COMME RRR BUBAICIS, BRATH 2 TORATS LENDS. (2) Branch ae When analyzing piping systems with the branches, in general, it is preferable to model a whole system. However, as TEC standard, if branch pipe size is less than one-third of header pipe size not necessary to include the branches in the system for analysis. For other branch lines, stress evaluation at branch area shall be carried out considering the displacement of the header piping PRBEGORERORME TIMI, BRHICSSREETY YIFSCEMMELWM, TEC BELT, REVI ACHL 1/3 AMORAKBLTOLN, KEL, BEMAOMMNSASH SREOMEIL, REACH 2 THETIC SONGS ILEMSS. THUAORECON TI, REOBHRESRL CHRMODAMBEBIICAS. (3) 45 degrees branch 45 BESTE Stress intensification factor for branch making other than 90 degrees is not defined under the code and standard, but it shall be treated as the same as the 90 degrees branch in condition that smooth finish surface without notches can be achieved at the welding junction. 90° LID SHRICHT SAR PRBICD TSE THES TUALIA, 90° EMBELT MRD. KEL, BRBSORARCSOTS, TREBMROAA— ZAHA HIFEMRL TS. (4) Expansion bellows IOANYYayAO-X Modeling of expansion bellows generally requires the following value from vendor. IDANYY AYNO-ADEFY Yih, BRU FORME VENDOR PS AFULTANEHTI. a. Stiffness of bellows (Axial stiffness, Transverse stiffness, Torsional stiffness, Bending stiffness) AO-ZABHOMEE Input spring constant (k) of each displacement direction. GM-TEG1-1313.014 Security Level 2 ENGINEERING GUIDE GM-TEG PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN 1-1313-014 PAGE 30 OF 37 rowro BD srvan ‘Toxo Encresninc Conr ISSUED | APR.17, '07 SRUABICHT SEM (kK) EANTS. b. Effective diameter of bellows XD-XOAHE > [---] Effective diameter of bellows shall be used to calculate thrust force caused by internal pressure. (See right figure : D) AECLSRAEHMS SMICHNS (SB: D) ox Pall 7 1 M Ly aie | ay 1 LU Axial F F ‘Transverse Torsional k=F/ dx k=F/dy k=M/deg k=M/deg (5) Equipment Nozzle MBI A Equipment nozzle is modeled as the fixed point with the displacement. Displacement of the nozzle shall be input by obtaining from vendor or by calculating from below simplified method. BUMMER ORBERE LTEFYYIFS, /AVOBMRIENY YP SOMMICLYADTSD, ERLE OBRCEY BBMICRISCEMTES. plified calculation method of equipment nozzle displacement> MH) AVEO EBBTIE For each nozzle, the displacement is calculated by multiplying the distance from fixed point by the nozzle using the coefficient of thermal expansion. For each equipment, it shall be kept clear where the fixed points are and what value is utlized as the coefficient of thermal expansion. B/ AUCH, BRAD SOR CME DIT TEMMEMHT DS. SMBOL ICES EF RELTHA, EDMWERMARRBL LCA TEMES RELL OMMICL TBS. + In case that there is temperature gradient inside the equipment, displacement of equipment nozzle is calculated by using the mean temperature between nozzles. Therefore, if more detailed displacement is required to calculate, the temperature distribution shall be confirmed with mechanical department. RHONBCREDRID SBA, &/ AMOPTRRE SM TMABICHNET THD, LORD, SVFRTEHMERD SLES SBA, BEAFEMAE METS, Note that this simplified method doesn't consider correction of thermal expansion due to the difference of rigidity between shell and tube of a fixed tube sheet type heat exchanger. AMBRCLS/ AIBOROHNTS, HE GRAMUAB (CBT SY rIVEF a— 7FOMEBICK PRUHES BRL TIZUOTEES 3. + Calculation formula of each type of equipment is shown as follows MEOW LOHMAEM FIRS. GM-TEG1-1313-014 rowro BD snean Toro Evciunmnc Corr [issuED | APR.I7, "07 ENGINEERING GUIDE PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN Security Level 2 eee ener 1-1313-014 PAGE 31 OF 37 a. Tower and vertical vessel D 2 @ ane TL a t 2" @ Fant Wau Or: Ts OD (N1) Nazzle displacement AMte ane The HY AU anette Lt @ (N2) Nozzle displacement oe (N3) Nozzle displacement At an-TS 2 AL3 = a T3+L3 AHS HS thermal expansion coefficient at N- nozzle ( 10° mmimm °C ) Nx / XILOPARERERR (10° mmimm’c) differential temperature between base temp. and analysis temp. at N* nozzle (°C) N* /XVOBSPRE ERASE ORES ('C) GM-TEG1-1313-014 Security Level 2 ore ener ee PIPING FLEXIBILITY DESIGN 1-1313-014 @ ENGINEERING GUIDE ToKvo JAPAN ‘Toxo Encinreninc Comp. ISSUED | APR.17, "07 PAGE 32 OF 37 b. Heat exchanger @ @, aul TT anise “OE 1S —Faeo Pont aa au @ 6 C)nazzie displacement Nozzle VATA YY (BRB =0.3) + VAT 4YI/AGAF 49? (BRRB = 0.1) — AUF NOTE"? As a general rule, only if external force on nozzles around rebollers exceed the allowable li stiffness of supporting structure may be considered in flexibility analysis. Usage of this method and the stiffness of supporting structure to be considered in flexibility analysis shall be consulted with civil department. Note that considering flexibilty only for specific support location may break up the balance of a whole piping system and may increase the load of fixed points. eo RRNELT, UR F—-BY C/AMICPDSAAMABMERASBAILOS, HAR- bR SICH THHOMIEICK S FLEXIBILITY EHRLTORUCEETS. BS, COFROR MSLURAOMBEICHT 3 FLEXIBILITY (2, TRB LOBMOLHHSOL. EK, TR— hOB FLEXIBILITY OSRlt, SARTONS YACMLHOHER ADRBERR< EUSTESBASNSOTRETS, NOTE ‘?) Note that the support cannot slide properly at the site if the support balance is not proper. EO FR FONSYAMBVE, MECHUICAT 44 YI LAUGH SOTERTS, GM-TEG1-1313-014 ‘SECURITY LEVEL 2 GM-TEG-1313-014 Appendix 1 (1/6) APPENDIX 1 : Caution on thermal analysis for pit REBH CHT SREALOZERR APPENDIX 1 explains the caution about thermal stress in piping design. REBHOLHT, Jb— MBL UG AMBAICH LABIAL < THRUT EMNELF S ELOS, 1g design ‘A1.1 Caution items for individual system MULAFACHTSEEOR (1) 100kgf/em? steam (1) 100kgfiem? AF-B a. The high-grade material and thick-walled pipes, which cause high cost, are applied to 100 kgf/cm? steam lines because of temperature and pressure conditions. Therefore, piping route shall be planned to absorb thermal expansion in an entire system instead of providing expansion loops. BR, MEDKD, REAMBE (Alloy ®) MOMALZVYAA hMM< BO TERT S, Fitting DRE Min.&L, MBAMLL— FTIR LAF HEATRRI SLI bEHETS. b. To absorb thermal stress, it is permissible for piping to move several hundreds millimeters, which is large movement comparing with normal design practice. To prevent excessive stress and reaction force on a structure, a support with a sliding pad on which piping can move smoothly shall be considered. ABAERRTSLS, REOBMEHRLVS< HBL, H 100mm KTEFS. TOM, SK RGAPRAMECBUE DICT SKM, sliding pad FORMIRL VRBNAL—ACBHCES tK-bheBats, . The strength of support attachments and structures shall be checked because the force on the support such as anchor supports might be large. In case that a standard support does not have sufficient strength, a special support with reinforcement shall be considered to avoid increasing expansion loops. TYA-F4—AREYR— bBCMOPSHEBAS Pipe material : carbon steel Pipe wall thickness : Sch.80 Calculation temperature : 200 °C Aza Dimensional condition : L=30m, W=1~4m, L1=6~12m (See Fig.A2.1) REAR: RM RAM : Sch.60 HWE : 200 °C Spike: L=30m, W=1~4m, Ls =6~12m (BA21 6M) Fig. A2. Table A241 = Dimension H (m) Es ~ 53 2 3 4 5 6 z Sl F s F s F 5 F s F ~ | 880 54] 505 2) 346 TT | 2 | @sy| _«s30)| (49)| (206), (3a) | (08) be — y | 1220 243] 727 93) 490 49 (120) |_(2,384)| (71) | __ (912) |__ (4a) |_—_(481) a | 1520 540 | 920 207 | 626 708] 400 66 _ (149) |_(,297)|_(90)|__(2,031)|_(61)|_(1.059) |_(39)|_(647) | | 2000) 1,940 [7,230 743] 848 390] 615 235 (196) | (19,031) | (121) | (7,289) | __(@3)|_(,826)|__(60) |_ (2.305) e 7,420| 1,70) 990 925| 725 560| 578 403 (439)|_(17,36| _(97)|__@,074)|_(71)|_(6.494)| (67) |__ (3.953) ae | 1550; 3,810] 7,090) 2,000] B00, 1,210 | 648 870 Ea (152) | (37,376) | _(107), (19,620) | __(7a)|_(11,870)|_(64)|_(8,535) we 7) 1580] 6,850] 1,110) 3,580 815] —-2,160| 680] ——*1,685 - (185) | (67.199) | _(109)| (35,120) | __(@0)|_(24.190)|_(67)|_(15,255) a J 1590] 9,900) 1,070) 200) B15 3,140 680 2.260 Ea < (156) | (97.119) | _(105)|_(51,012)|__(@0)|_(30,803)|_(67)|_ (22,171) ve | Bee it] 1,320 7.005) 756 4.t27 | sta 2888 Z a (485) | (142,147)| (110) |_(68,719)|__(74)|_(40,486)|__(60) | _ (27.811) a 2230} 23,540; 1,408} 11,516] 1,063; 6,999] 844| 4,657 __| @19) | (230,927) | (138) | (112,972) | (104) | (68,660)| (83) |_ (45,685) en 2,152| 31,700| 1,769, 18,392] 1,1267 10,075] 791| 6,361 E (211) | (310,97) | _(473) | (180,426) | _(110) | (98,836) | _(78)|_ (62,401) oe 2,398| 60,115] 2,289) 39,062) 1,420) 20,369} 7,200 13,656, ——_| (235)| (589,728) | _(224) | (383,198) | _(139) | (199,820)| (118) | (133.965) S: BERBFGA/Maximum bending stress (MPa (kgf/cm2) } F: Tyh-74—A/Anchor force (N (kgf) } GM-TEG1-1313-014 SECURITY LEVEL 2 GM-TEG1-1313-014 Appendix 2 (2/3) ‘A2.2 Simple calculation table for the three dimensional loop 3 ATI FIT SOBURT— FIL ‘The maximum bending stress and anchor force for a three dimensional loop are calculation condition is as follows, and in case that the temperature, material, wall thickness, or dimension is ‘changed, the table should be corrected according to para. A2.3. 3 RFI FI USBABIGABLUT YA —74—- AERA (CHES, WS, MMRETO MVEL, BE. AM, AG, Tks SMAI A23 MICS THES S. i" Pipe material : carbon steel ot Pipe wall thickness : Sch.80 Calculation temperature : 200 °C WT OD Dimension condition : L=30m, L1=6~12m Ws1~4m (NPS 8 and below) 4 + + =2-5m (NPS 10 and above) (See Fig.A2.2) >
    be REM: RRB RCA : Sch 80 HHREBEE : 200 °C L ‘SHR: L=30m, Ly =6~12m ee — ~4m (NPS 8 LF) Fig. A2.2 ~Sm(NPS 10 KLE) ( BLAZ2 BH ) Normal [Dimension iM) TS tema) | F(a Nomal [Dimension Te gram] aa 15 921 59 28 | 1513 5,795 2 os [25 503 21 12{_ 38 | 1,089 3.211 35 321 10 48 829 4,987 | 15 | 1.922 253 we [gf 50 776 1,804 z os [25 721 88 60 627 1,238 35 467 42 20 7.0 497 843 os [15] 1674 577 z 80 424 638__| e 25 926 202 fra||BEESO 838 2,890 maaan S.0 654 117 fe 60 678 1,974 40 463 |___ 64 ay (sso) 540 1,347 papeg tah ez200) 2,013 80 460 | 1,024 es 25 | 1.248 708 15 |39 310 4,396 re eo 896 416 a 60 736 3,022 [40 639 | 230 20129 588 2,065 20 | 1.668 2,067 Oi 80 502 1,566 49 [20 [ 1.105 977 20 |_59 899 5,784 40 792 543 ere 60 738 4,058 50 | 600 337 25 79 590 2,784 20 | 1,913 4316 80 508 2,135 _ | 10 3.0 1,265 2,035 eal 5.0 999 11,019 a 40 908 1,133 60 819 7.743 50) 691 705 24° 7.0 657 5,301 15 50 649 661 25 80 | 566 | 4,061 6.0 524 455 9.0 493 3,191 3.0 | __1.403 3,696 10 [40 | 4,009 2,059) 50 769 1,282 12 15 [52 733 1,188 | 60 | 593 818 7.0) 470 556 20 [eo 400 | 421 GM-TEG1-1313-014 SECURITY LEVEL 2 GM-TEG1-1313-014 Appendix 2 (3/3) A2.3 Correction formula for the change of calculation condition HELRAORRCHT SHES In case that the calculation condition of TableA2.1 and TableA2.2 is changed, the value of the table needs to be corrected by using the following formula. HAZ1 BLURALZ CBU THRRAME DSBS, UF ORC TREORMERETS. ‘The maximum stress : S=(indicated value) = T +» M*L'/30 BABTED + TeM-L/30 Anchor force + T+ M+ K +1730 FUA-TH-A TsM:K°L'/30 (1)Correction factor due to temperature (T) BMI SAS ERR (T) 30 - r 25 mf 20 = ~ 5 18 | a 10 - os. : (0st 10 teem 200 eer 00 eee 00 ere 000) = temperature ('C) (2)Material coefficient (M) ARR (M) For stainless steel, M=1.43, AFYVABICMUTS, M=1.43Lb, (3)Correction factor due to wall thickness REARICKSBERR (K) WEG] 2 )3 14) 6) 8 | 0 | 2] 4) | te | 20 | 24 ‘Sch.40 | 0.674 | 0.720 | 0.682 | 0.643 | 0.648 | 0.622 | 0.597 | 0.594 | 0.607 | 0.617 | 0.593 | 0.582 Sch.80 to [40 [to | 40 | 10 | to | 40 [ 10 | 40 | 70 | 70 | 70 (4)Correction of dimension (L') TROWE (L) LL indicates the corrected anchor span. RELBSTLA-MMELELTHETS, GM-TEG1-1313-014 SECURITY LEVEL 2 GM-TEG1-1313-014 Appendix 3 (1//10) WORK NO.: * * — * * * * STRESS ANALYSIS REPORT FOR THERMAL EXPANSION ~ SAMPLE GM-TEG1-1313-014 PLO-ELEL-FOaL-WO ‘AREA CALC.No, | LINENO. KPoot_)| 6-C1-s400-22 INDEX OF THERMAL STRESS ANALYSIS REPORT TEPC _ | PRESS te SATUS ‘SIZE | SPEC. | PBID No. wid FROM TO DWG No. REMARKS re jee] ave | SGN az | sora | 100 | 120 | so | 80 | vir | Prorae| 101A | OK | 010101 [H.Tow| CALC, No. 388575 (A) IKBQ01 Way to decide CALL. No. > ProjectiNxc IUPE Capital eter of project Area name (01/2) €xipueddy yL0-cFel-L9a1L- WO zTaAaT ALIUNOaS: SECURITY LEVEL 2 GM-TEG1-1313-014 Appendix 3 (3/10) NOZZLE DISPLACEMENT V=101 (NODE No.10) @ 7 ane wo, of) oH © rece armor jf le | © =11.67X 10% mm/mm'c oe 1. L=320 mm Coie Ge i@ AL = 11.67 X 10° X (120-24) X 320 Cir = 0.36 mm ip P= 10.1 B (NODE No.200) Li au ot (2 neato eisolacoment = 11,67X 10° mm/mm°C 12 = 198 mm A L2= 11.67 X10 X (120 - 24) X198 = 0.222 mm GM-TEG1-1313-014 EVALUATION FOR EQUIPMENT NOZZLES Horizontal Pump (P-101A/8) Pump axis direction cosines (%, Z): (1.000 0. Node # Orientation Noni Suction Nozzle 200 Side Discharge Nozzle 201 Top OUTPUT (AP! 610 8th Edition Local Coordinates) Suction Table 2 Values x distance 198.0 mm. y distance 00 0m. z distanc 00 om x force “197.0 ke (254 y force “1800 ke 317 z force “87.0 ke 208 x moment 16.0 ke m 235 y moment 3.0 kem 120 z moment = 3.0 ke m 180 Discharge Table 2 Values x distanc 0.0 om y distanc 300.0 om z distanc 600.0 om x force 50.0 ke = 254 y force 60.0 ke 208 z force “60.0 ke 317 x moment 20.0 ke m 235 y moment 30.0 ke m 120 Z moment 20.0 ke. m 180 Check of Condition F. 1.2.2 R (FRSa/1. SFRSt2) + WURSa/1. SMRSE2) = 0. 334 (FRDa/1. SFRDt2) + WRDa/1. SMRDL2) = 0. 221 Check of Condition F. 1.2.3 Re 1.5 (FRSt2 + FROE2 } sae) 2.0 (MYSt2 + MYDt2 ) = 481. > 1.5 (MRSt2 + MROE2 } onde) Overall Pump Status + PASSED #* GM-TEG1-1313-014 SECURITY LEVEL 2 GM-TEG1-1313-014 Appendix 3 (4/10) 000) inal Diameter 6 6 Force & Monent Status Ratios 078 Passed 0.06 Passed 027 Passed 0.07 Passed 0.02 Passed 0.02 Passed Force & Moment Status Ratios 0.20 Passed 0.24 Passed 019 Passed 0.09 Passed 0.25 Passed on Passed equi renent. Status 2.00 Passed 00 Passed equi renent, Status 200. (FRCa) Passed 74 (MYCa) Passed 76. RCa) Passed SECURITY LEVEL 2 GM-TEG1-1313-014 Appendix 3 (5/10) HANGER TABLE CAESAR 11 Ver. 4. 20 Job: C:¥CAESAR¥KPOO1 Licensed To: TOYO ENGINEERING CORP. 1D 12880 HANGER REPORT (TABLE DATA FROM DESIGN RUNS) THEORETICAL ACTUAL NO FIG VERTICAL HOT INSTALLED ~=—INSTALLED SPRING HORIZONTAL NODE REQD NO. SIZE MOVEMENT LOAD LOAD LOAD RATE MOVEMENT poate (am, ) t= kg) at ke, ) mt ke.) = ee Ze) = fm.) 111 USER VSH 1353. 72. 191 1 USER VSH 1221. 107. GM-TEG1-1313-014 ALUCLATION, CAESAR I Ver. 4.20 Job: C:¥CAESAR¥KPOO1 Licensed To: TOYO ENGINEERING CORP. DISPLACEMENT REPORT, Nodal Movements CASE 1 (OPE) WeDI4TI40I NODE 10 20 5 30 40 45 50 60 70 80 85 90 100 105 10 115 120 160 165 170 180 185 190 195 200 0. 000 0.077 0.797 -0. 897 -1. 200 1. 300 “1. 890 -0. 802 -0. 581 0.513 0. 246 0.217 0.131 0.108 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 0.307 0. 268 0. 336 0.541 0. 609 0. 638 0.322 0.222 GM-TEG1-1313-014 Translations (mn. )-—— ov -0. 360 “1. 294 1, 960 -2. 052 -2. 332 2.424 2.514 1. 950 1, 646 0. 883 0. 096 0. 004 -0. 004 -0. 004 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 1. 902 1.116 1.016 0.713 0.613 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 oz 0. 000 0.013 0. 581 0. 665 0.918 1.001 1.092 1. 592 1.523 -2. 388 “1.328 1195 0.791 ~0. 658 -0. 006 0. 000 0.000 ~0. 302 0.145 0.130 ~0. 084 ~0. 069 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 ‘SECURITY LEVEL 2 GM-TEG1-1313-014 Appendix 3 (6/10) RK 0. 0000 0.0316 0. 0602 0. 0603 0. 0607 0. 0608 0.1153 0. 0078 0.0196 0. 0823 0. 0859 0. 0858 -0. 0857 0. 0856 0.0176 -0. 0002 0. 0000 -0. 0163, -0. 0098 0. 0098 -0. 0097 -0. 0097 0.0014 0. 0000 0. 0000 RY 0. 0000 0.0440 0.0537 0.0537 0.0537 0. 0536 -0. 0097 -0. 0056 0. 0001 0. 0166 0.0227 0.0227 0.0228 0.0228 0.0014 0.0000 0. 0000 0. 0064 0.0048 0. 0048 0. 0048 0. 0048 0.0000 0. 0000 0.0000 Rotations (deg. )-—-——-—— RZ 0. 0000 0. 0568 0.0594 0. 0594 0. 0593 0, 0593 0.0413 0. 0467 0. 0460 0.0248 0.0184 0.0183 0.0182 0.0182 0. 0008 0. 0000 0. 0000 0. 0483 0.0438 0.0437 0. 0436 0. 0435 0. 0003 0. 0000 0. 0000 CAESAR II Ver. 4.20 Job: C:¥CAESAR¥KPOO1 Licensed To: TOYO ENGINEERING CORP. DISPLACEMENT REPORT, Nodal Movenents CASE 2 (SUS) w+PT NODE 10 20 25 30 40 45 50 60 70 80 85 90 100 105 10 115 120 160 165 170 180 185 190 195 200 oo Translations (nm. )-—— 0. 000 0.261 0.261 0.261 0.261 0.261 0.233 ort 0.17 0.054 0.058 0.052 0.044 0.041 0. 000 0.000 0.000 0. 259 0.175 0.161 0.118 0.103 0.000 0.000 0. 000 GM-TEG1-1313-014 oy 0. 000 -0. 287 1. 447 -1. 609 2.103 2. 265 ~2. 864 0.146 0.145 0.031 -0.030 ~0. 030 0.030 0.030 0. 000 0. 000 0. 000 -0. 052 0. 050 0.050 -0. 050 -0. 050 0. 000 0.000 0. 000 oz 0. 000 0.071 0.033 0.026 -0. 005 0.002 0.049 -0. 084 0.125 0.132 0. 086 0.079 0.087 0.049 -0. 001 0. 000 0. 000 0, 090 ~0. 040 ~0.036 0.022 0.018 0. 000 0.000 0. 000 SECURITY LEVEL 2 GM-TEG1-1313-014 Appendix 3 (7/10) 0. 0000 0.0210 0.0321 0.0321 0. 0323 0.0323 0. 0639 0.0121 0. 0054 0. 0023 0. 0047 -0. 0047 -0. 0047 0. 0047 0. 0008 0. 0000 0. 0000 0. 0055 -0. 0028 -0. 0029 -0. 0029 ~0. 0028 0. 0004 0. 0000 0. 0000 Rotations (dee. ) ~ RY 0. 0000 0. 0020 0. 0045 0. 0045 0. 0045 0. 0045 0.0076 0. 0086 0.0074 0.0071 0. 0056 0. 0056 0. 0055 0. 0055 0. 0007 0. 0000 0. 0000 0.0011 0. 0008 0. 0008 0. 0008 0. 0008 0. 0001 0.0000 0. 0000 Rz 0. 0000 0.0974 0.1047 0.1047 0.1046 0. 1046 0.0729 0.0179 0.0142 0.0020 0. 0018 -0. 0018 0.0019 0. 0019 0.0017 0. 0000 0. 0000 -0. 0044 -0. 0091 -0. 0092 -0. 0092 -0. 0092 -0. 0027 0.0000 0. 0000 SECURITY LEVEL 2 GM-TEG1-1313-014 Appendix 3 (8/10) CAESAR 11 Ver. 4. 20 Job: C:¥CAESAR¥KPOO1 Licensed To: TOYO ENGINEERING CORP. RESTRAINT REPORT, Loads on Restraints RESTRAINT SUMMARY RESTRAINT SUMMARY REPORT LOAD CASE DEFINITION KEY CASE 1 (OPE) WHDI4TI+PI CASE 2 (SUS) WPI CASE 3. (EXP) DS3-DS1-DS2 —— Forces (ke) —--——- — Moments (ke m ) —-— NODE CASE TYPE FX FY Fz wx wy wz 10 Displ. Reaction 1 OPE 78. 168152 a4, atest 2 sus “8 256. 10. 50. 2 158. 3 ENP 86. BB 142, 4. 125-22 10 Rigid +¥ 1 OPE “1 ~A46: 98. 0 0 2 sus 0 480 ~26. 0 3 ENP AL 34. “12 0. 0 120 Disp!. Reaction 1 OPE “14 40. eal ~202. 38. 3 2 sus O12 8 10. & 8 3 ENP 15. -82. -19. ~198. 30 “6. 190 Rigid +Y 1 OPE 133, 443, 0. 0. 0 0 2 sus 0-667, 5. 0. 0 0 3 ENP 133. 223 5. 0. 0 0 200 Displ. Reaction 1 OPE “197.87. 18 16. 4 3 2 sus 2 207. 3 5 2 13 3 ENP 204-264. 14, ot A “16. GM-TEG1-1313-014 SECURITY LEVEL 2 GM-TEG1-1313-014 Appendix 3 (9/10) CAESAR II Ver. 4 20 Job: C:¥CAESAR¥KPOO1 Licensed To: TOYO ENGINEERING CORP. STRESS SUMVARY CASE 2 (SUS) WHPT 424 CODE STRESS CHECK PASSED PIPING CODE: 831.3 -1999, April 15, 1999 HIGHEST STRESSES: (ke. /sa. cm) CODE STRESS & 20.3 @NODE 20 STRESS: 285.2 ALLOWABLE: © 1406. BENDING STRESS 226.6 @NODE 60 TORSIONAL STRESS: 25.8 @NODE 50 AXIAL, STRESS: 60.6 @NODE 10 30 MAX INTENSITY: 283.5 @NODE 60 —Stress (ke /sa. om.) —~ = tke. /sa. om) ELEMENT BENDING TORSION SIF'S CODE = ALLOWABLE NODES STRESS STRESS IN/OUT PLANE STRESS STRESS =X 10 143.5 94 1.000 / 1. 000 211.3 1406.1 15. 20 221.8 W244 2.241 / 1. 868 285.2 1406.1 20. 20 99.4 244 1.000 / 1. 000 168.9 1406.1 12 25 164 244 1,000 / 1. 000 108.6 1406. 1 8 45 50.5 244 1.000 / 1. 000 128.4 1406.1 8 50 88.5 25.8 2.241 / 1, 868 160.1 1406.10 11. 50 44 725.8 1.000 / 1.000 127.7 1406.1 8 60 226.6 65 2.241 / 1. 868 280.2 1406.1 20. 60 104.8 65 1.000 / 1. 000 158.9 1406.1 11 70 158.9 65 1.518 / 1.691 212.2 1406.1 15. 70 35.2 10.0 1.518 / 1.691 97.8 1406. 1 7. 80 55.0 31 2241 / 1. 868 10.4 1406. 1 8 GM-TEG1-1313-014 SECURITY LEVEL 2 GM-TEG1-1313-014 Appendix 3 (10/10) CAESAR I Ver. 4. 20 Job: C:¥CAESAR¥KPOO1 Licensed To: TOYO ENGINEERING CORP. STRESS SUMMARY CASE 3 (EXP) DS3-DS1-Ds2 #484 CODE STRESS CHECK PASSED PIPING CODE: 831.3 -1999, April 15, 1999 HIGHEST STRESSES: ike. /sa. cm.) CODE STRESS &: 9.9 @NODE 50 STRESS: 208.8 ALLOWABLE: 2108. BENDING STRESS 201.1 @NODE 50 TORSIONAL STRESS: 69.2 @NODE 110 AXIAL STRESS: 5.7 GNODE 195 30 MAK INTENSITY: 251.5 @NODE 50 —Stress tke. /sa. cm.) --~ — tke. /sa. cm) ELEMENT BENDING TORSION SIE'S CODE = ALLOWABLE NODES STRESS STRESS IN/OUT PLANE STRESS STRESS =X 10 16.6 45.0 1.000 / 1.000 91.5 2092 0 4 20 157.5 -32.1 2241 / 1. 868 170.0 21092 08. 20 79.4 32.1 1.000 / 1.000 102.0 208.2 0S. 25 27 32.1 1.000 / 1. 000 64.2 209.2 03. 45 515 32.1 1.000 / 1. 000 82.2 2092 04 50 201.1 28.1 2.241 / 1. 868 208. 8 2109.2 10. 50 93.8 28.1 1.000 / 1.000 109.4 2092 5. 60 176.1 30.0 2.241 / 1. 868 186.0 21092 9. 60 81.9 30.0 1.000 / 1.000 101.6 2082 5. 70 77.6 -30.0 1.518 / 1.691 98.2 2092 5. 70 56.8 “23 1.518 / 1. 691 57.0 21092 03. 80 97.4 AZT 2281 / 1. 868 100.7 2092 0S. GM-TEG1-1313-014 ‘SECURITY LEVEL 2 GM-TEG1-1313-014 Appendix 4 (1/5) APPENDIX4 : Theory and back ground BMcuR About piping flexibility, the theoretical background required for piping designers is summarized below. Piping Flexibility (BNL, ACERS & LT RELA MAH MELT ICE LDS. ‘Ad Property of piping materials REMOTE The basic properties about materials required to understand piping flexibility and thermal stress analysis are indicated below. REOTLIUSLUGARMEBMT SLOG, MAICMTSBAMTEREWTICELDS, A4.1 Stress and strain BALES Generally, when some loads are added to metallic materials, the elastic strain corresponding to the loads ‘occurs momentarily. Afterward, two kinds of condition of sustaining the loads are considered, = One is the condition that constant stress is maintained in such a way that dead load is applied. In this case, the strain is increased with time as shown in figA4.1-1. The rate of the increment is high at the intial stage of the load. And then, two cases are considered according to the load; rupture is finally brought about, or strain is approximated to'a certain value. This phenomenon that the strain is increased gradually with time is called “creep” = The other is the condition that constant strain(deformation) is maintained (e.g. the effect due to thermal stress). In this case, the stress reduces with time, and the stress approaches to the constant gradually. This phenomenon is called “stress relaxation’. RICERAACSSAREMASE, TOMMICAMEIHG LAMEOTHEL USM, CNETOE EMTS L 2 ONBRFOREHRA SNS, DISHMME DIS END LD ICBAS—RIRORETH IT, COMED AM1-1 DE ICUFHA BME SMFS. MMORAWSMBOAMCAS<, TORAGADASS (Ck > TOC KBSMBSL, HS—LMIMETSBALMSS, COLICUFAMHT ORM SMMC ON THT BRRE creep ELNTHS. OI—-Dd, MBADLIBUTH (MK) E—RCRIRUTCHIT, COLA AG1-2 OLIN PRMEL BIRD L, RBCHS—LOMICHI 2> 0, fracture of materials occurs as the following condition. ©; =0,, (yield point in tension test) or y= 0, ' (yield point in compression test) BSALBIS 3 PDEGAON, BADSOMBRACE LECH ADOBE LS LIB. 3DDEGH (01, x 02) OMICC;>02> 0, DMRVHSBA, FORO MAO ba. 01 =0, GIRRBRER 1S SRR) EIS os= oy (EBRMICSIT SRR) (2) maximum shear stress theory BACAMB DM This is the hypothesis that fracture of materials occurs when maximum shear stress at a point reaches that in yield point. The maximum shear stress is defined as a half of difference between maximum and minimum in principal stresses. If 3 principal stresses are defined as (0s, ¢2,03)and there are a relation of 7; > 02> 3, the maximum shear stress is 1/2(0 — 0's). In tension test of materials, because yield point is 0, = Sy,02=03= 0, fracture ocours when 1/2( 0 ~ o's )= 1/2Sy. ‘When the difference between maximum and minimum principal stress (, — 03) is defined as the stress strength, the fracture of materials can be estimated by comparing it with the yield strength (Sy) directly BSACEISBAEAMEAM, BRACES BACAR CRT 5 EBA USED BAEAMEAIL, EGADEDTRADEOEBNDEDEDRO 1 /2ELTRBENS, 32D BAB Os On GxELT1> 02> Fs DBRNHSMA, BALAMIGAL 1/2(01 —03)THS. HOWRVBBCBUT, MRI, =Sy,02=03=0 THEDT, COMOBKUAMBAIS 1/2Sy THE. HOT, 12 91~03)= V2Sy OM, WIRDHELS. BAEGBACBNEGAOR(o,— 0; )EGNRMECLTHEMISE, MRM (Sy) CIR TSCe TCHAOMREMET SC LMTHS. (3) maximum shear strain energy theory EAOT HIRI BE This is the hypothesis that fracture of materials occurs when shear strain energy at a point reaches that at yield point by tension test. If there are a relation such as o> o2> among 3 principal stresses, fracture of materials occurs on the following condition. (o-2)P + (o2-Ga)? + (aa-a1F = 28y? HSACBISEAMOFHI AN -D, 31 ROMS S CAMOT ATA (BUE 1, WURDE CS LSB BDOEGNE Ts, 02 CrELG1> 02> 0; OMDB, LIF ORAOR ICRI LS, (3:~02F + (o2~99)) + (as~0xF = 28y? Fig A4.3 indicates comparison of above 3 fracture hypothesis. ER 3 DOWREMORE, MALICK. GM-TEG1-1313-014 SECURITY LEVEL 2 GM-TEG1-1313-014 Appendix 4 (4/5) Maximum Principal Stress t Distortion Energy Maximum Shear Stress three strenath hypothesis ‘A4.4 Cold spring B44 A-WERFUYT Cold spring is the method that a pipe is intentionally cut short(or long) according to predicted thermal ‘expansion. The method is carried out to reduce reaction force to supports and equipment nozzles. In case that cold spring is applied, the opposite reaction force and stress to the ones at operation occurs at the time of piping construction. Therefore, the reaction force during the first operation is reduced. However, due to the siress relaxation, the stress condition becomes the same as the one that cold spring is not applied after several cycles. Because the stress range between the operation and the shutdown is the same, cold spring doesn't contribute to relaxation of thermal stress. A-WEAZU YTS, YR bPMB/ AVCECERASERSESANT, PMENS MAR PUTRESRRNI< (KLIER<) MIFSARTHS. A-IKATUYIEESE, REO He LOGE OMT Ck > TAMER LBA OR APE AMECT, 1HAOREMORAINETTS. LOLAMS, BAWMMELSLOD A44 RTL (BR DWVBICILA—IVERTY YEE BBE E 5 MBSOGIRMISAL CED TLE I. SEL LORY BLICHL TEARMORDSBUCEMS, A-WEATY 7 Tia A OEM ATER, | \ use cold spring Fig A4.4 GM-TEG1-1313-014 SECURITY LEVEL 2 GM-TEG1-1313-014 Appendix 4 (5/5) AA.5 Stress Intensification factor and Flexibility factor BARPRBE DUEL EU F 4 In mechanics of materials, the distribution of actual stress, which occurs at the bending portion of a pipe, cannot be treated. In fact, the phenomenon become complicated such that the pipe section is flattened by ‘the bending moment (See Fig A4.5-1) and the position of the maximum bending moment moves near the neutral axis (See FigA4.5-2). This flattening of a pipe makes modulus of section dropped and the actual stress value is larger than that of the straight run of the pipe. Therefore, in ASME code, the stress value is corrected by multiplying the result calculated in the beam structure model by stress intensification factor and flexibility factor. Stress intensification factor is the ratio between the explicit solution and the approximate solution by the elementary theory for the bending pipe and joint, and not less than 1. Equally, flexibility factor is the ratio of the explicit solution to the approximate solution of the flexure of the bending pipe, and not less than 1 DFAHAPOR TL, RROMFBHICE CSRMOGARHEMS CLITA, BRICKS, IF E-AYHCLUREOMMIAMECEN (BALS-1) , BAMTGEADEL SHRI BOE < CBS RERRRMILES (LALS2), CORRORTCETRMERD SE, ROG AMER USAES ES. COLD, ASME OMBETISEY MEET IC THRSNEBRIC, GARPRMELE DUELE 4 F4 RBEDISCE THEE TUS, BARAK, AUPE CHT SAT CAOMEM EMSRS SHUMROL THY MIC 1 LEE UTUS. BIS, TLELEUT 4 RMU EOLDAOMEREEOROLTHY, TES IKE ELTHS. (a) In-plane bending (close) (b) In-plane bending (open) (6) Outof-plane " Ovalization of pipe bends under external bending moments. * Fig. Ad, (2) straight pipe (b) curbed pipe * Distribution of longitudinal stresses " Fig. Ad. 5-2 GM-TEG1-1313-014 GM-TEG1-1313-014 Appendix 5 (1/2) APPENDIX 5: The comparison of SIF for the 45 degrees branch and 90 degrees branch by the finite element method. PRBIGRICKS 45 BESHRE 90 BESHED SIF LRN ‘AS.1 outline review REE To calculate SIF for 45 degrees branch, the analysis and review was carried out according to the following method. 45 MRICS SEARPRMERD SED, LF ORRIC MABE ORE OK. (1) Analysis method RAK First, 45 and 90 degrees Tee was modeled. Both the pipe diameter and thickness were considered as the same condition. Secondary, the maximum stresses of the header side were obtained by applying loads to branch in the in-plane and out-plane direction respectively. RRSSLUAMRHEBICLT 45 KE 9 OMD Tee EEFY YL, AI in-plane ¥/Id out-plane DABCMBESA TREBICELSBABAMEME LA. 188, MALY LVEF IVE RVLARER RICTHOR. (2) Analysis condition AR ‘The pipe diameter and thickness for the header and branch was used as the following combination. BE, RECHT SREESLUATATOMRUEMUE, Header Branch a/D size (D) thick. (mm) size (d) thick. (mm) 40" 1191 1.00 30" 353 O75 40" 11.91 20" 7.14 05 | oy 792 035 | 10" 6.35 0.25 | 30" 12.70 1.00 | 2a 9.53 0.80 30" 12.70 | 16 732 083 0 635 033 - 20° 15.09 1.00 1F 11.13 070 20" 15.09 — 0" ‘927 050 | e 7 038 1. 72 1.00 1“ 7.92 e 635 062 GM-TEG1-1313-014 GM-TEG1-1313-014 Appendix 5 (2/2) (3) Analysis result RHBR The ratio of the m: \um stress value for 45 and 90 degrees was as follows. 45 ELU 90 B Teo BIT SBABAMOL (45/90) [EL FOMRE MOT. Header Branch Ratio ofthe maxinum stress vee Size (D) | Thick. (mm) size (a) thick. (mm) inplane ‘out-plane ae 40" 14.91 0.65 0.86 ” 30" 953 0.65 0.79 1191 20" 744 on 078 [— 14° 7.92 0.79 0.78 10 635 033 oa 30" 30" 12.70 067 0.88 fog ae 953 oes | rr 16 7H oes | «0.80 10" 6.35 0.95 0.89 20" 20 15.09 0.68 1.00 an a 11.13 0.62 078 10 927 0.80 oat e - TA 1.00 44 « w 7.92 0.67 0.95 792 — 6.35 067 0.79 (4) SIF for 45 degrees tee 45K Tee CHT SHARP ARBOR YR Based on the above result, in case that header size is equivalent to the branch size, the maximum stress value which occurs in 45 degrees Tee is almost less than 90 degrees Tee. Therefore, as the safer side, SIF of 45 degrees Tee used as same as that of 90 degrees Tee. EROBRICEY, BEBLUREOY1 XMA—OME, 45 BE Tee CE LS BAG AMISIZEAEORE GM-TEG1-1313-014 WT IO KE VNE

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