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3 Separation: Liquid/Liquid | Material del curso CHEM01x | edX

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4.3.4 Assignments
Your friends at the R&D department of a new biotechnology company have successfully
developed a yeast strain that is able to produce 2-propanol from glucose. They are
con dent that they have a scienti c breakthrough, as they are able to produce 34 g/L of 2-
propanol.

Unfortunately, you work in a di erent department (downstream processing) and you still
have some concerns about the overall process. Nevertheless, you propose to purify the 2-
propanol using distillation.

Physical properties 2-propanol:

Solubility in water = fully miscible

Boiling point (K) = 356

Molecular weight = 60.1

Question 1
0/1 punto (no cali cado)
Calculate the mole fraction of 2-propanol in water (neglect other fermentation substances
such as salts, biomass, glucose, etc...)
Specify two digits behind the comma.

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52  Answer: 0.01

52

Explanation

1L of water = 1000/18.02 = 55.5 moles.

34 gram of 2-propanol = 0.57 mole.

Therefore, the mole fraction of 2-propanol on the mixture = 0.57/(55.5+0.57) = 0.01.

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Question 2
0/1 punto (no cali cado)
What is the vapour phase mole fraction of 2-propanol if we heat a mole fraction of 0.01 2-
propanol to 370 K? Use the VLE diagram below.
Specify one digit behind the comma.

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52  Answer: 0.1

52

Explanation

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Question 3
0/1 punto (no cali cado)
An azeotrope is a mixture of two liquids with a constant boiling point and compositions
throughout distillation.

Based on the VLE Diagram of question 2, what is the mole fraction where an azeotrope
occurs?
Specify one digit behind the comma.

85  Answer: 0.6 o 0.7

85

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Explanation
The bubble point and dew point are on the same line between 0.6 and 0.7, indicating that
the vapour phase and liquid phase will have the same 2-propanol mole fraction.

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Question 4
0/1 punto (no cali cado)
It now became quite clear for the company that it might be impossible to reach a 100%
pure 2-propanol fraction using just distillation. This is because 2-propanol is also very
soluble in water and we do not have a heterogeneous azeotrope that we could use to our
advantage. Luckily, the sales department found a client who is willing to buy 0.5 mole
fraction of 2-propanol from the company.

How many trays would your distillation setup minimally require, when taking into account
5 degrees di erence between each tray?
Use the VLE diagram of question 2 and take the initial heating step to 370K into account as a starting point.

3 trays  Answer: 4

Explanation
Use the same method as in question 2.

The trays di er in temperature by 5K. If we use the VLE diagram to draw out consecutive
trays we see that only after 4-trays we can achieve a mole fraction of 2-propanol that is
bigger than 0.5.

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