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    Math Sheet

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    Math Sheet

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    Rizvin Rifat
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    3 views17 pages

    Math Sheet

    Uploaded by

    Rizvin Rifat

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 17
    ' uations of First and First D tion of the first order and first degree. ~ Differential re al emton of the tYPe A differential equation dy M+NZ-°. where Mand N are functio a differential equation of the J We give below some methods © 2:2. Solution of the differential ns Of X and y of constants, ts @4 ‘eat order and first degree. f solving such equations, equation when variables terms containing x are tainieg y on the otber sice, aie oe equations can =f) and can b: solved by Fin on ved by integrating directly , dy_1+y* ’ Ex. 1. Pag SE, ‘ Seles de” T+3° Solution . Separating the variables the equation becomes: a ~T4a" Integrating, we get tan? y=tan~! x+A of tan? y—tan~! x=A WX =A ie. aw Tay 4 ne wbici sense (+77) 2 Soke Fae reas, [Gorakhpur $9; tet EE ayn nea ae ‘egrating, | eas log tan x+log tan y=A Ex. 4. Solve (y—px) x-2y as bie Solution, Equation i {Sauger 62), : . Equation is pxt=y (x1), ne, Zar GY fe. dy _x—1 Se z ¥ ad Integrating, log y=log x+ 1 itog ‘A on Peaates x oe dy fd Solve y-x haa (+2); Solution. The equation can be written as oe x tn ¥it—) =( ita) {Sanger 63] Integrating, x+a=C ae -ay Ex. 6. Solve ) ($42 sin x-+co08 x) dy=(142 sin ycos y) dx. (ii) (e7 +1) cos x dx+e? sin x dx=0. {Poona 64] 23, Equations zeducible to the form in which variables are separable. Equations of the form dt f(axtcy +e) ean be reduced to an equation in which variabl ‘rated What is required is that we put axtby+c=?, dy _de atby es can be sept ett) = 4c is the solution. 2. Solve Basin (x+y) +e0s (¥+))- dy_dt . Pur xty—v, 140-e [Agra B Se. 67] I—lesin v+cos.r oF de} gsin v-tcos v dx dv i do or deo Tein vFe0s © ee Be ge of ee OF Yeos* yo (i+ tan jv) 14tan jv bes Integrating, Jog (1+tan jv) =x+C, where r=x+y. log {14tan 4 (x+y)]=x+C is the required solution. ee dy_ wee, ieee?) = ; _” {Calcutta Hons. 63; Bihar 61; Vikram 65] Solution, Put x—y=r, so that 1~2=4. + ae le wionta [142 ]-at or Ye or =dx. dx vt WX Cav—a tan? 2 a ya tan? X22 a Cia tan” is the solution, Solve Bees dy f(at—xt—y2h h— vite Pye yt ‘\. [Dethi Hons. 62; Agra B. ‘ Mremar chahuets pe era BS. 55) Re co. 8, y nue to polar co-ordinates by putting tun 8, -- eee Mf@eauation becomes = (= r di dr ‘(@a— = do. r _ Integrating, sin-? (rja) C or r=asin (84+), ‘hen ait)? =a sin (tan? (y Ix)+C] dy 2 Bex. 6. Solve x7 —y—avi ty). [Bombay 61; Agra $6] TSolution. The equation can be put as Rap—y deaxy(atty*) dx oF = hanging to polars as above, the equation becomes xP sce? O du=xe dx i se? Odg=rdx ot recov sect @dd=r dx sec 6 di=dx, variables separated. Peatne, log (sec 0+ian g)=xt log Ga see @t+tan g=ce* OF Vile ype baleate + x+y-a Ae x7. Solve (ei=6 \e- i ] oa a . Integran:, 2v- C= log (v!—ab) * or 2e4Car tits (b-u) log (x+y)? —a] etc, : a : EX 8. ee (Gauhati 62; Delhi 62; Raj, 62) Hint. Put =p ete, . : = 24. Homogencous Differential Equations. (Poona 61 (S)} An equation of the form ~ As) in which /i(x,3) and FAx y. ure homogeneous functions* uf x and y of the sume degree eun be reduced to an equation in which variables are separable by dy dy ‘ dee. dx" The following few examples will illustrate the method, NHK. 1 Sofve (x?4)2) dv-t2xy dyad. Solution. We have “= — dx putting yo yx (homogeneous). xy eee de Putting y= rx, Seeete, ge Me eayation becomes

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