GEC220 TUTORIALS: FUNCTIONS OF SEVERAL VARIABLES

1) In a coal processing plant the flow V of slurry along a pipe is given by:
𝜋𝑃𝑟 4
𝑣= . If r and l both increase by 5% and P and ŋ decrease by 10% and 30% respectively,
8ŋ𝑙

using total differential, find the change in v and hence, approximate percentage change
in V.

𝜋𝑃𝑟 4
Solution𝑣 = 8ŋ𝑙
∴ 𝑣 = 𝑓 (𝑟, 𝑙, 𝑃, ŋ)

Using total differential

𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑣 𝜕ŋ
𝑑𝑣 = 𝜕𝑟 𝑑𝑟 + 𝜕𝑙 𝑑𝑙 + 𝜕𝑃 𝑑𝑃 + 𝜕𝑙 𝑑ŋ

𝜕𝑣 4𝜋𝑃𝑟 3
=
𝜕𝑟 8ŋ𝑙
𝜕𝑣 𝜋𝑃𝑟 4
= −
𝜕𝑙 8ŋ𝑙2
𝜕𝑣 𝜋𝑟 4
=
𝜕𝑃 8ŋ𝑙
𝜕𝑣 𝜋𝑃𝑟 4
= −
𝜕ŋ 8ŋ2 𝑙
𝑑(𝑟) = 0.05 𝑟
𝑑(𝑙) = 0.05 𝑙
𝑑(𝑃) = −0.1 𝑃
𝑑 (ŋ) = −0.3 ŋ
Hence, the total differential equation becomes:

4𝜋𝑃𝑟 3 𝜋𝑃𝑟 4 𝜋𝑟 4 𝜋𝑃𝑟 4

𝑑𝑣 = (0.05 𝑟) − (0.05 𝑙) + (−0.1 𝑃) − (−0.3 ŋ)
8ŋ𝑙 8ŋ𝑙2 8ŋ𝑙 8ŋ2 𝑙
𝜋𝑃𝑟 4 𝜋𝑃𝑟 4 𝜋𝑃𝑟 4 𝜋𝑃𝑟 4
∴ 𝑑𝑣 = 4(0.05) 8ŋ𝑙
− 0.05 8ŋ𝑙
− 0.1 8ŋ𝑙
+ 0.3 8ŋ𝑙
𝜋𝑃𝑟 4
= (0.2 − 0.05 − 0.1 + 0.3) 8ŋ𝑙
𝜋𝑃𝑟 4
= 0.35 8ŋ𝑙
𝜋𝑃𝑟 4
But 𝑣 = 8ŋ𝑙
∴ 𝑑𝑣 = 0.35 𝑣

𝑑𝑣
ii) Thus, % change in 𝑣 = 𝑣
𝑥 100
0.35 𝑣
= 𝑥100 = 35
𝑣

∴ The % error in 𝑣 is 35 %
 2) The rate of flow of gas in a pipe, 𝑣 is given by:

𝑣 = 𝐶 𝑑 1⁄2 𝑇 −5⁄6
where 𝐶 is a constant, 𝑑 is the diameter of the pipe and 𝑇 is the thermodynamic temperature
of the gas. When determining the rate of flow experimentally, 𝑑 is measured and
subsequently found to be in error by +1.4% of 𝑑, and 𝑇 has an error of –1.8% of 𝑇.
(i) Using total differential, determine the error (change) in the rate of flow, 𝑣, based on
the measured values. Leave your answer in terms of 𝑣.
(ii) Hence, determine the percentage error in the rate of flow.

Solution
𝑣 = 𝐶 𝑑1⁄2 𝑇 −5⁄6
𝐶 = 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡

∴ 𝑣 = 𝑓 (𝑑, 𝑇)

Using total differential

𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑣
𝑑𝑣 = 𝜕𝑑 𝑑(𝑑) + 𝜕𝑇 𝑑𝑇

𝜕𝑣 1
= 𝐶 (2 𝑑−1⁄2 ) (𝑇 −5⁄6 )
𝜕𝑑
𝜕𝑣 5
= 𝐶 (𝑑1⁄2 ) (− 6 𝑇 −11⁄6 )
𝜕𝑇
𝑑(𝑑) = 0.014 𝑑
𝑑(𝑇) = −0.018 𝑇
Hence, the total differential equation becomes:

1 5
𝑑𝑣 = 𝐶 (2 𝑑 −1⁄2 ) (𝑇 −5⁄6 ) (0.014 𝑑) + 𝐶 (𝑑 1⁄2 ) (− 6 𝑇 −11⁄6 ) (−0.018 𝑇)
∴ 𝑑𝑣 = 0.007 𝐶 (𝑑 1⁄2 ) (𝑇 −5⁄6 ) + 0.015 𝐶 (𝑑 1⁄2 ) (𝑇 −5⁄6 )
= 0.022 𝐶 (𝑑1⁄2 ) (𝑇 −5⁄6 )
But 𝑣 = 𝐶 𝑑1⁄2 𝑇 −5⁄6
∴ 𝑑𝑣 = 0.022 𝑣

𝑑𝑣
iii) Thus, % change in 𝑣 = 𝑣
𝑥 100
0.022 𝑣
= 𝑣
100 = 2.2

∴ The % error in 𝑣 is 2.2 %

3) In a right-angled triangle, 𝐜 denotes the hypotenuse, while 𝐚 and 𝐛 represent its other two
sides. If 𝐜 is increasing at the rate of 2 cm/s while 𝐚 is decreasing at the rate of 3 cm/s.
 Using chain rule, calculate the rate at which 𝐛 is changing when 𝐜 = 5 cm and 𝐚 = 3 cm.
Hint: use Pythagoras theorem to relate 𝐛 to 𝐚 and 𝐜.
SOLUTION
From Pythagoras theorem,
𝑐 2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2
1
∴ 𝑏 = (𝑐 2 − 𝑎2 )2
𝑏 = 𝑓 (𝑐, 𝑎)
(𝑐, 𝑎 ) = 𝑓 (𝑡)
𝜕𝑏
=?
𝜕𝑡
Using chain rule
𝜕𝑏 𝜕𝑏 𝜕𝑐 𝜕𝑏 𝜕𝑎
= . + .
𝜕𝑡 𝜕𝑐 𝜕𝑡 𝜕𝑎 𝜕𝑡
1
𝜕𝑏 1 −
= (𝑐 2 − 𝑎2 ) 2 ∙ 2𝑐
𝜕𝑐 2
1
= 𝑐 ∙ (𝑐 2 − 𝑎2 )−2
𝑐
= 2 2
√𝑐 −𝑎
1
𝜕𝑏 1
𝜕𝑎
= (𝑐 2 − 𝑎2 )−2 ∙ (−2𝑎)
2
1
= −𝑎 ∙ (𝑐 2 − 𝑎2 )−2
−𝑎
= 2 2
√𝑐 −𝑎
𝑑𝑐
= 2 𝑐𝑚/𝑠
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑎
= −3 𝑐𝑚/𝑠
𝑑𝑡
𝑐 = 5𝑐𝑚
𝑎 = 3 𝑐𝑚
𝜕𝑏 𝑐 −𝑎
 = . (2) + . (−3)
𝜕𝑡 √𝑐 2 −𝑎2 √𝑐 2 −𝑎2
When 𝑐 = 5𝑐𝑚 and 𝑎 = 3 𝑐𝑚
𝜕𝑏 5 −3
= . (2) + . (−3)
𝜕𝑡 √52 −32 √52 −32
10 9
= +
4 4
19
= 𝑐𝑚 = 4.75 𝑐𝑚
4
𝑏 is increasing at the rate of 4.75 𝑐𝑚/𝑠
 4) Using chain rule, find the rate of change of the total surface area, 𝑆,of a right circular cone at
the instant when thebase radius, 𝑟, is 5cmand the height, ℎ, is 12cmif theradius is increasing
at 0.5cm/s and the heightis decreasing at 1.5 cm/s.

Given that 𝑆 = 𝜋 𝑟 2 + 𝜋𝑟 √(𝑟 2 + ℎ2 ).

SOLUTION

S= 𝜋𝑟 2 + 𝜋r √(𝑟 2 + ℎ2 )
=𝜋 𝑟 2 + 𝜋𝑟(𝑟 2 + ℎ2 )1/2
𝑆 = 𝑓 (𝑟, ℎ)
(𝑟, ℎ ) = 𝑓 (𝑡)
𝜕𝑠
=?
𝜕𝑡
Using chain rule
𝜕𝑠 𝜕𝑠 𝜕𝑟 𝜕𝑠 𝜕ℎ
= . 𝜕𝑡 + . 𝜕𝑡
𝜕𝑡 𝜕𝑟 𝜕ℎ
1
𝑑((𝑟 2 +ℎ2 )2 ) 1
𝜕𝑠 𝑑(𝜋𝑟)
= 2𝜋𝑟 + 𝜋𝑟 ∙ + (𝑟 2 + ℎ2 )2 .
𝜕𝑟 𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝑟
1
1 −
=2𝜋𝑟 + 𝜋𝑟. (𝑟 2 + ℎ2 ) 2 ∙ 2𝑟 + (𝑟 2 + ℎ2 )1/2. . 𝜋
2
𝜋𝑟 2
=2𝜋𝑟 + (𝑟 2 +ℎ2 )1/2
+ 𝜋(𝑟 2 + ℎ2 )1/2
𝜕𝑠 1
= 𝜋𝑟. 2 ( 𝑟 2 + ℎ2 )−1/2 . 2ℎ
𝜕ℎ
1
= 𝜋𝑟ℎ ∙ (𝑟 2 + ℎ2 )−2
Given:
𝑑𝑟
= 0.5 𝑐𝑚/𝑠
𝑑𝑡
𝑑ℎ
= −1.5 𝑐𝑚/𝑠
𝑑𝑡
𝑟 = 5𝑐𝑚
ℎ = 12𝑐𝑚
1
 (𝑟 2 + ℎ2 )2 = (52 + 122 )1/2 = √(25 + 144) = √169
= 13
𝜕𝑠 𝜋(5)2
 = 2𝜋(5) + + 𝜋 (13)
𝜕𝑟 13
25
=10 𝜋 + 13 𝜋 + 13𝜋
130𝜋+25𝜋+169𝜋 324𝜋
= =
13 13
𝜕𝑠 𝜋((5) (12)) 60
= = 𝜋
𝜕ℎ 13 13
𝜕𝑠 324 60
 = 𝜋. (0.5) + 13 𝜋. (−1.5)
𝜕𝑡 13
 162 90
= 𝜋 − 13 𝜋
13
72
=13 𝜋
= 17.4 𝑐𝑚/𝑠 −1

1
5) The area Z of a triangle is given by 𝑍 = 2 𝑋𝑌 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝜃, where θ is the angle between sides X and Y. If
X is increasing at 0.2 cm/s, Y is decreasing at 0.6 cm/s and θ is increasing at 0.3 radians/s, using
chain rule, find the rate of change of the area of the triangle when X is 3 cm, Y is 4 cm and θ is π/6
radians (≡ 300).
Solution
1
𝑍 = 2 𝑋𝑌 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝑍 = 𝑓 (𝑋, 𝑌, 𝜃)

𝑋, 𝑌, 𝜃 = 𝑓 (𝑡)

𝜕𝑍
=?
𝜕𝑡

Using chain rule

𝜕𝑍 𝜕𝑍 𝑑𝑋 𝜕𝑍 𝑑𝑌 𝜕𝑍 𝑑𝜃
= . 𝑑𝑡 + . 𝑑𝑡 + 𝜕𝜃 . 𝑑𝑡
𝜕𝑡 𝜕𝑋 𝜕𝑌

𝜕𝑍 1
= 2 𝑌 cos 𝜃
𝜕𝑋

𝜕𝑍 1
= 2 𝑋 cos 𝜃
𝜕𝑌

𝜕𝑍 1
= − 2 𝑋𝑌 cos 𝜃
𝜕𝜃

𝑑𝑌
= −0.6 𝑐𝑚/𝑠
𝑑𝑡

𝑑𝑋
= 0.2 𝑐𝑚/𝑠
𝑑𝑡

𝑑𝜃
= 0.3 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠
𝑑𝑡

𝜕𝑍 1 1 1
∴ = 𝑌 cos 𝜃 (0.2) + 𝑋 cos 𝜃 (−0.6) + [− 2 𝑋𝑌 cos 𝜃 (0.3)]
𝜕𝑡 2 2

When

𝑋 = 3 𝑐𝑚
𝑌 = 4 𝑐𝑚
𝜋
𝜃= 𝑟𝑎𝑑
6

𝜕𝑍 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
= 0.1(4) cos − 0.3(3) cos − 0.15(3)(4) sin
𝜕𝑡 6 6 6

= 0.3464 − 0.7794 − 0.9

= −1.333 𝑐𝑚/𝑠

Thus, 𝑧 is decreasing at the rate of 1.333 𝑐𝑚/𝑠

6) The deflection y at the centre of a circular plate suspended at the edge and uniformly
kwd4
loaded is given by y = , where w = total load, d = diameter of plate, t =
t3
thickness and k is a constant.
i) Calculate the approximate change in y if w is increased by 2 percent, d is
decreased by 1½ percent and t is increased by 5 percent.
ii) Hence, calculate the percentage change in 𝑦.
Solution

kwd4
y= 3
t
𝐾 = 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡

∴ 𝑦 = 𝑓 (𝑤, 𝑑, 𝑡)

Using total differential

𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑦
𝑑𝑦 = 𝜕𝑤 𝑑(𝑤) + 𝜕𝑑 𝑑(𝑑) + 𝜕𝑡 𝑑(𝑡)

4
𝜕𝑦 kd
=
𝜕𝑤 t3
3
𝜕𝑦 4kwd
= 3
𝜕𝑑 t
3
𝜕𝑦 3 −3kwd
= −3kwd ∙ t−4 =
𝜕𝑡 t4
2
𝑑(𝑤) = 100 𝑤 = 0.02 𝑤
 1.5
𝑑(𝑑) = − 100 𝑑 = −0.015 𝑑
5
𝑑(𝑡) = 100 𝑡 = 0.05 𝑡
Hence, the total differential equation becomes:

4 3 3
kwd 4kwd −3kwd
𝑑𝑦 = (0.02 𝑤) + 3 (−0.015 𝑑) + (0.05 𝑡)
t3 t t4
4 4 4
kwd kwd kwd
∴ 𝑑𝑦 = 3 (0.02) + 3 (−0.06) + 3 (−0.15)
t t t
4
kwd
= (0.02 − 0.06 − 0.15) 3
t
kwd4
But y =
t3
∴ 𝑑𝑦 = −0.19 𝑦

𝑑𝑦
ii) Thus, % change in 𝑦 = 𝑥 100
𝑦
−0.19 𝑦
= 𝑦
𝑥100
= −19 %

∴ Thus 𝑦 decreased by 19 %

𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
7) Given that 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝒛𝟐 + 𝒙𝒛 − 𝒚𝒛 = 𝟏 using the general implicit formula, find 𝜕𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜕𝑦

SOLUTION
𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝒛𝟐 + 𝒙𝒛 − 𝒚𝒛 − 𝟏 = 𝟎

𝜕𝑧 𝐹𝑥
= −
𝜕𝑥 𝐹𝑧
𝜕𝑧 𝐹𝑦
= −
𝜕𝑦 𝐹𝑧

𝐹𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 𝑧
𝐹𝑦 = 2𝑦 − 𝑧
𝐹𝑧 = −2𝑧 + 𝑥 − 𝑦
𝜕𝑧 2𝑥+𝑧
∴ = −
𝜕𝑥 −2𝑧+𝑥−𝑦
2𝑥+𝑧
= (2𝑧−𝑥+𝑦)

𝜕𝑧 2𝑦 − 𝑧
= −
𝜕𝑦 −2𝑧 + 𝑥 − 𝑦
 2𝑦−𝑧
= (2𝑧−𝑥+𝑦)

𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑣
8) Given that 𝑒 𝑢 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑉 = 𝑦, using the general implicit formula, find , 𝜕𝑣 𝑎𝑛𝑑
𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑦

SOLUTION:
𝑒 𝑢 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑉 = 𝑦,
∴ 𝑒 𝑢 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑉 − 𝑦 = 0
Using general implicit formula,
𝜕𝑢 𝐹𝑦
= −
𝜕𝑦 𝐹𝑢
𝜕𝑢 𝐹𝑣
= −
𝜕𝑣 𝐹𝑢
𝜕𝑣 𝐹𝑦
= −
𝜕𝑦 𝐹𝑣

𝐹𝑢 = 𝑒 𝑢 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑉
𝐹𝑦 = −1
𝐹𝑣 = 𝑒 𝑢 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑉
𝜕𝑢 (−1)
∴ = −
𝜕𝑦 𝑒 𝑢 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑉
1
=
𝑒𝑢 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑉

𝜕𝑢 𝑒 𝑢 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑉 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑉
= − 𝑢 =−
𝜕𝑣 𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑉 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑉
1
=−
𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑉
𝜕𝑣 (−1)
=−
𝜕𝑦 𝑒𝑢 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑉
1
=
𝑒𝑢 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑉

𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
9) Using general implicit formula, find 𝜕𝑥 and for the function:
𝜕𝑦
 𝑥 3 𝑧 2 − 5𝑥𝑦 5 𝑧 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 3
𝑥 3 𝑧 2 − 5𝑥𝑦 5 𝑧 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 3
𝑥 3 𝑧 2 − 5𝑥𝑦 5 𝑧 − 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 3 = 0

Using general implicit formula,

𝜕𝑧 𝑓
= − 𝑓𝑥
𝜕𝑥 𝑧

𝜕𝑧 𝑓𝑦
= −𝑓
𝜕𝑦 𝑧

𝑓𝑥 = 3𝑥 2 𝑧 2 − 5𝑦 5 𝑧 − 2𝑥

𝑓𝑦 = −25𝑥𝑦 4 𝑧 − 3𝑦 2

𝑓𝑧 = 2𝑥 3 𝑧 − 5𝑥𝑦 5

𝜕𝑧 𝑓𝑥 (3𝑥 2 𝑧 2 −5𝑦 5 𝑧−2𝑥)

∴ =− = −
𝜕𝑥 𝑓𝑧 2𝑥 3 𝑧−5𝑥𝑦 5

𝜕𝑧 𝑓𝑦 25𝑥𝑦 4 𝑧+3𝑦 2
= − =
𝜕𝑦 𝑓𝑧 2𝑥 3 𝑧−5𝑥𝑦 5

−𝛼
10) A possible equation of state for a gas takes the form: 𝑃𝑉 = 𝑅𝑇 𝑒 (𝑉𝑅𝑇) in which 𝛼 and R are
𝜕𝑃 𝜕𝑉 𝜕𝑇
constants. Using the general implicit formula, determine expressions for , 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜕𝑃
𝜕𝑉 𝜕𝑇

SOLUTION
−𝛼
( )
𝑃𝑉 = 𝑅𝑇 𝑒 𝑉𝑅𝑇

−𝛼
∴ 𝑃𝑉 − 𝑅𝑇 𝑒 (𝑉𝑅𝑇) = 0
Using the general implicit formula,
𝜕𝑃 𝐹𝑉
= −
𝜕𝑉 𝐹𝑃
𝜕𝑉 𝐹𝑇
= −
𝜕𝑇 𝐹𝑉
𝜕𝑇 𝐹𝑃
= −
𝜕𝑃 𝐹𝑇
−𝛼
𝜕 [𝑃𝑉 − 𝑅𝑇 𝑒 (𝑉𝑅𝑇) ]
𝐹𝑃 =
𝜕𝑃
 = 𝑉
−𝛼
𝜕 [𝑃𝑉 − 𝑅𝑇 𝑒 (𝑉𝑅𝑇) ]
𝐹𝑉 =
𝜕𝑉
−𝛼 −1 ]
[( )𝑉
𝜕 [ 𝑒 𝑅𝑇 ]
= 𝑃 − 𝑅𝑇 𝜕𝑉
−𝛼
𝛼 ( )
= 𝑃 − 𝑅𝑇 [ 𝑒 𝑉𝑅𝑇 ]
𝑉 2 𝑅𝑇
−𝛼
𝛼 ( )
=𝑃− 2
𝑒 𝑉𝑅𝑇
𝑉
−𝛼
𝜕 [𝑃𝑉 − 𝑅𝑇 𝑒 (𝑉𝑅𝑇) ]
𝐹𝑇 =
𝜕𝑇
−𝛼
( )
𝜕 (𝑃𝑉) 𝜕 [−𝑅𝑇 𝑒 𝑉𝑅𝑇 ]
= −
𝜕𝑇 𝜕𝑇

Using product rule to differentiate the R.H.S:

−𝛼 −1 ]
[( )𝑇
𝜕 [ 𝑒 𝑉𝑅 ] −𝛼
𝜕 [ 𝑅𝑇]
( )
= 0 − [𝑅𝑇 + 𝑒 𝑉𝑅𝑇 ]
𝜕𝑇 𝜕𝑇

−𝛼 −𝛼
𝛼 ( ) ( )
= − [𝑅𝑇 ∙ 𝑒 𝑉𝑅𝑇 +𝑅∙𝑒 𝑉𝑅𝑇 ]
𝑉𝑅𝑇 2
−𝛼
( ) 𝛼
= −𝑅 ∙ 𝑒 𝑉𝑅𝑇 [ + 1]
𝑉𝑅𝑇
𝝏𝑷 𝑭𝑽
∴ = −
𝝏𝑽 𝑭𝑷
−𝜶
𝜶 ( )
𝑷− 𝟐 𝒆 𝑽𝑹𝑻
𝑽
= −
𝑽
−𝛼 𝛼
( )
𝜕𝑉 𝐹𝑇 −𝑅 ∙ 𝑒 𝑉𝑅𝑇 [ + 1]
= − =− 𝑉𝑅𝑇
−𝛼
𝛼 (𝑉𝑅𝑇
𝜕𝑇 𝐹𝑉 )
𝑃− 2𝑒
𝑉
−𝜶
( ) 𝜶
𝑹∙𝒆 𝑽𝑹𝑻 [ +𝟏]
𝑽𝑹𝑻
= 𝜶 (
−𝜶
)
𝑷− 𝟐 𝒆 𝑽𝑹𝑻
𝑽
𝜕𝑇 𝐹𝑃 𝑉
= − = − −𝛼
𝜕𝑃 𝐹𝑇 ( ) 𝛼
−𝑅 ∙ 𝑒 𝑉𝑅𝑇 [ + 1]
𝑉𝑅𝑇
𝑽
= (
−𝜶
) 𝜶
𝑹∙𝒆 𝑽𝑹𝑻 [ +𝟏]
𝑽𝑹𝑻

𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
11) Using the general implicit formula, find and 𝜕𝑦, given that:
𝜕𝑥
sin(𝑥𝑦𝑧) = 𝑥 + 3𝑧 + 𝑦
Solution
sin(𝑥𝑦𝑧) = 𝑥 + 3𝑧 + 𝑦,

∴ sin(𝑥𝑦𝑧) − 𝑥 − 3𝑧 − 𝑦 = 0

Using general implicit formula,

𝜕𝑧 𝐹𝑥
= −
𝜕𝑥 𝐹𝑧

𝜕𝑧 𝐹𝑦
= −
𝜕𝑦 𝐹𝑧

𝐹𝑥 = 𝑦𝑧 cos(𝑥𝑦𝑧) − 1

𝐹𝑦 = 𝑥𝑧 cos(𝑥𝑦𝑧) − 1

𝐹𝑧 = 𝑥𝑦 cos(𝑥𝑦𝑧) − 3

𝜕𝑧 𝑦𝑧 cos(𝑥𝑦𝑧)−1
= −
𝜕𝑥 𝑥𝑦 cos(𝑥𝑦𝑧)−3

𝜕𝑧 𝑥𝑧 cos(𝑥𝑦𝑧)−1
= −
𝜕𝑦 𝑥𝑦 cos(𝑥𝑦𝑧)−3

𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
12) Using the general implicit formula, find and 𝜕𝑦, given that:
𝜕𝑥
𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑧 3 + sin(𝑥𝑦𝑧) = 0

Solution
𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑧 3 + sin(𝑥𝑦𝑧) = 0,
Using general implicit formula,

𝜕𝑧 𝐹𝑥
= −
𝜕𝑥 𝐹𝑧

𝜕𝑧 𝐹𝑦
= −
𝜕𝑦 𝐹𝑧

𝐹𝑥 = 𝑦 2 + 𝑦𝑧 cos(𝑥𝑦𝑧)

𝐹𝑦 = 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑥𝑧 cos(𝑥𝑦𝑧)

𝐹𝑧 = 3𝑧 2 + 𝑥𝑦 cos(𝑥𝑦𝑧)

𝜕𝑧 𝑦2 +𝑦𝑧 cos(𝑥𝑦𝑧)
= −
𝜕𝑥 3𝑧2 +𝑥𝑦 cos(𝑥𝑦𝑧)

𝜕𝑧 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑥𝑧 cos(𝑥𝑦𝑧)
= − 2
𝜕𝑦 3𝑧 + 𝑥𝑦 cos(𝑥𝑦𝑧)