RRS

“She Dresses to Attract, He Perceives Seduction: A Gender Gap in Attribution of Intent to

Women’s Revealing Style of Dress and its Relation to Blaming the Victims of Sexual Violence”
Moor, A. (2010). She dresses to attract, he perceives seduction: A gender gap in attribution of intent to
women’s revealing style of dress and its relation to blaming the victims of sexual violence.
Journal of International Women's Studies, 11(4), 115-127.
-It was hypothesized that ladies and men would indeed diverge in their ascriptions, such men would view
body-revealing clothing as conveying an interest in sexual exchanges on the a part of the ladies so
dressed, whereas women would reject this notion and point to a desire to feel and appearance attractive
because the primary motivation for adopting this look. The results confirm this hypothesis. Altogether
sorts of questioning, women did indeed identify the social, interpersonal, and private advantage of such
clothing in terms of attractiveness and desirability, because the primary reason for wearing it. This
attribution pattern emerged from both the direct and projective inquiries, thus reinforcing its validity.

“Revealing and Concealing: A Qualitative Study of Young Women’s Views of Dress Choices”
Cohn, C. S. (2012). Revealing and concealing: A qualitative study of young women’s views of dress
choices.
-The study’s purpose was to understand how young women conceptualize revealing and concealing their
bodies. One of the research questions of this study was ‘What do young women say influences their views
on revealing and concealing their bodies?’ All of the participants gave many examples of factors that
affected their perspectives regarding how much they choose to show their bodies. So, the researcher
emerged into themes these are socialization and appropriateness, fitting in and standing out, and self-
focused dressing motives. The findings of this study have implications for the design and marketing of
clothing to this demographic of young women, given that some young women would like to be appealing
without having to show a lot of skin.

RRL
“This exhibit challenges the brief that the way woman dressed causes assault”
Soriano, N. (2019, February 19). This exhibit challenges the belief that the way a woman dresses causes
assault. Retrieved from CNN Philippines Life:
https://cnnphilippines.com/life/culture/2019/02/19/sex-assault-exhibit.html
-The powerful exhibit launched by the UNFPA and UN Women, “Don’t Tell Me How To Dress,” have
displays of different kinds of clothes. These are infant’s baby clothes, a teenager’s pajamas, and a
woman’s corporate suit. 11 Filipina survivors features representation of the clothes when they were
sexually harassed or abused. Exhibitors implore viewers to break this stigma- sexual violence is never the
victim’s fault. The exhibit defies the profound misconception that provocative clothing leads to rape. The
exhibit shines light on the girls and women left on the margins of these conversations: brave Filipina
survivors who lack the support, platform, or resources to show their voice. The exhibit proves that
clothing never justifies or incites rape and “It is not a lack of female modesty but a sense of male
entitlement that leads to sexual violence.”— and that speaks volume.

“Why Is Sexualization Dehumanizing? The Effects of Posture Suggestiveness and Revealing

Clothing on Dehumanization”
Wollast, R. (2019). Why Is Sexualization Dehumanizing? The Effects of Posture Suggestiveness and
Revealing Clothing on Dehumanization. Sage Journal, 1-2.
-Research has found evidence that target sexualisation is associated with dehumanization. Most
researchers have argued that this effect of sexualisation is driven by revealing clothing, with targets
wearing revealing clothing perceived as possessing less mind, less agency, and less human uniqueness.
However, because revealing clothing is often confounded with body-to-face ratio and posture
suggestiveness in these investigations, what is mean by sexualization— and which facets of sexualisation
affect the way we perceive women—remained unclear. It indeed showed that headless bodies trigger
object-like piecemeal processing and dehumanized perceptions—whereas masking faces doe not.

“Sexy clothes – too much, too young: Study reveals that a significant proportion of young girls’
clothing is sexualized”
Springer Science+Business Media. (2011, May 9). Sexy clothes – too much, too young: Study reveals that
a significant proportion of young girls/ clothing is sexualized. ScienceDaily. Retrieved February
2, 2020 from www.siencedaily.com/releases/2011/05/110509091420.html
-Are clothing manufacturers helping to turn young girls into sex objects? According to a new study, up to
30 percent of young girls’ clothing available online in the US is ‘sexy’ or sexualizing. The study’s authors
say this has serious implications for how girls evaluate themselves according to a sexualized model of
feminine physical attractiveness. It makes them confront the issu of sexual identity at a very young age.

“What men want women to wear”

Imam, Z. (2012). What men want women to wear. The Express Tribune, 1.

-All the men questioned had one thing in common— their fondness for clothing that accentuates the
female shape, lines which complement the contours of a woman’s frame, revealing to the eye a truly
form. What men like to see women wearing: Fitted, belted dresses and jumpsuits, casual wear, simple
vests, and short skirt. What men don’t want women to wear: Massive androgynous flip flops, baggy,
androgynous trousers and denim, and capri-pants. At the end of the day, a woman is going to look her
best in something she feels good in not what others dictate, which the most important points of all are. If
you’re comfortable in your skin, in your body, you’re on a winning streak. Any messages I or any man
might read into your clothes can be superseded by a smile, an inner glow, and a canny coolness.
 “What a Woman’s Clothes Say About Her”
Brooke, T. (2017, November 20). Gear & Style. Retrieved from CheatSheet:
https://www.cheatsheet.com/gear-style/what-a-woman-clothes-say-about-her.html/

-The impression that your clothing makes upon others, clinical psychologist and author of the book, You
Are What You Wear: What Your Clothes Reveal About You, Dr. Jennifer Baumgartner has theorized that
all of our wardrobe decisions actually reveal some secret desires that we may be trying to hide. What it
says about you: According to a study, the issue of office dress was analysed by testing subtle tweaks to
female office clothing to see how it affected their first impressions on people. The researchers tested this
hypothesis with 129 female participants, who rated images of female models on the basis of “competence
based dimensions,” such as intelligence, confidence, trustworthiness, in which the female models wore
mostly conservative business attire but varied (only slightly) skirt length and an extra button being
unfastened on her blouse.

“From Attire to Assault: Clothing, Objectification, and De-humanization—A Possible Prelude to

Sexual Violence”
Awasthi, B. (2017). From Attire to Assault: Clothing, Objectification, and De-humanization—A Possible
Prelude to Sexual Violence?. Frontiers in psychology, 2017, 8:338.
-In the context of objectification and violence, little attention has been paid to the perception neuroscience
of how the human brain perceives bodies and objectifies them. Various studies point to how external cues
such as appearance and attire could play a key role in encouraging objectification, dehumanization and
the denial of agency. New findings demonstrate object-like, a crucial aspect of dehumanized percept
devoid of agency and personhood. Integrating these findings and identifying triggers for sexual violence
may help develop remedial measures and inform law enforcement processes and policy makers alike.

“Study suggests posture — not revealing clothing — is what causes objectification at a basic
cognitive level”
Dolan, E. W. (2019, January 13). Study suggests posture -- not revealing clothing -- is what causes
objectification at a basic cognitive level. Retrieved from PsyPost:
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.psypost.org/2019/01/study-suggests-posture-revealing-
clothing-is-what-causes-objectification-at-a-basic-cognitive-level-52929/amp

-In the study, participants viewed pictures of male and female bodies that varied in posture and skin-to-
clothing ratios while the researchers recorded their electrical brain activity. The researchers were
particularly interested in a pattern of electrical brain activity, known to as the N170 response, that has
been shown to be larger during the viewing of faces and bodies than during the observation of other
objects. The brain responses indicated that bodies with less clothing and more suggestive postures were
more arousing in general— especially for female bodies. But only bodies displaying suggestive postures
were processed more akin to objects.

“Dress Coded: An Education (Unnecessary) Sexualization”

Herbst, S. (2017, December 6). Dress COded: An Education on (Unnecessary) Sexualization. Retrieved
from Huffpost: https://www.google.com/amp/s/m.huffpost.com/us/entry/5342040/amp

-Right now, schools seem to be doing a really good job of teaching girls being female in public means
their bodies are on display for scrutiny. And schools are doing a really bad job of teaching boys staring is
rude (to put it lightly). Until this changes in schools, I highly doubt the more mature, serious variations of
unwanted sexualisation – street harassment, sexual assault, and victim-blaming – will ever fully
disappear. I think what we’re hearing online is girls expressing that the strange, inconsistent enforcement
of the dress codes is sexualizing them against their will. It’s not the girls. It’s not in their uniforms. It’s
the outsider’s gaze sexualizing them.

“Do Clothing Style and Color Affect Our Perceptions of Others?”

Kershner, A. M. (2018). Do Clothing Style and Color Affect Our Perception of Others?.

-Prior research has shown that women who wear red clothing or suggestive clothing are perceived as
more attractive, having greater sexual intent, and having more negative qualities than women dressed in
different colors or less suggestive clothing. This bias towards perceiving sexual intent may be
evolutionary or may be due to people projecting their emotions onto others. We hypothesized that women
would be perceived as more attractive and as having greater sexual intent while wearing red and non-
suggestive clothing or while in either of the white clothing conditions. Although we found no significant
interaction between the color and clothing conditions, we did find multiple main effects. This suggests
that either the color red or the suggestive of attractiveness and sexual intent, but when together, the effect
is alleviated.

“7 Reasons To Stop Shaming Women Who Wear “Revealing Clothing, Your Ideas Of “Propriety”
Aside”

Marie, J. (2015, May 15). Bustle. Retrieved from 7 reasons To Stop Shaming Women Who Wear
"Revealing" Clothing, Your Ideas Of "Propriety" Aside : https://www.bustle..com/articles/83035-
7-reasons-to-stop-shaming-women-who-were-revealing-clothing-your-ideas-of-propriety-aside
-In America, as a society, have a tendency to jump to quick and very social judgments in the name of
propriety. Without a doubt, one area where this has been painfully obvious for decades is the public
shaming of women who wear revealing clothes. This is a worldwide issue, you’ve encountered the effects
of these judgments personally. What’s truly unfortunate is that while many people operate from and hide
behind the guise of being helpful or protective, they fail to recognize that, for men and women alike,
fashion is a form of self-expression, and just as an artist’s style grows and adapts over many years, so
does our sense of personal style. The clothing we wear is, in many ways, a projection of what we are
going through emotionally and mentally at a given time.

“Dress, body and self: research in the social psychology of dress”

Johnson, K., Lennon, S. J., & Rudd, N. (2014). Dress, body and self: Research in the social psychology of
dress. Fashion and Texiles, 1(1), 20.

-The purpose of this research wasto provide a critical review of key research area within the social
psychology of dress. The review addresses published research in two broad areas: (1) dress as a stimulus
and its influence on (a) attributions by others, attributions about self, and on one’s behaviour and (2)
relationships between dress, the body, and the self. We identify theoretical approaches used in conducting
research in these areas, provide an abbreviated background of research in these areas highlighting key
findings, and identify future research directions and possibilities.