BASICS OF AN INSTRUMENT AIR SUPPLY SYSTEM | Instrumentation and Control … Page 1 of 5

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Introduction
Basic Concept of PLC (Programmable
The air used must be cleaned, dry and oil-free to ensure that small lines, restrictions and nozzles will not be plugged logic controllers).
by dirt, oil or water. In this course you will learn about basics of instrument air supply system. This unit will teach  September 23, 2012
you what an instrument air system is, what its components are and how they function  7 Comments
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BASICS OF AN INSTRUMENT AIR SUPPLY SYSTEM | Instrumentation and Control … Page 2 of 5

The System Concept

Categories
 Analytical Instrumentation

 Android Tools

 Animation

 Automation

Figure shows the components of an instrument air supply. In this system you see 12 major components. Instrument  Calibration
air supply systems are not all the same. But they all perform the same function. They supply a sufficient volume of
clean and dry air at the constant pressure required by all plant instruments.  Communication

The major parts of an instrument air supply system are:  Control System

• The Electric motor  control valve

• The Compressor
 DCS
• The Inlet Air Filter
• The After Cooler  Displacement Measurement

• The Moisture Separator

 ebooks
• The Condensate Trap
• The Air Receiver  Electrical
• The Safety Relief Valve
 Flow Measurement
• The Pressure Gauge
• The Oil Remover  How to
• The Dryers
 Humidity measurement
• The Air Distribution System

 Instrumentation

 Instrumentation Questions
The Electric Motor
 Instrumentation Tools
The primary function of the electric motor is to provide a rotary motion to drive the compressor.
 interview questions
The Compressor
 Level Measurement
The Compressor converts the mechanical energy provided by a prime mover (e.g. an electric motor) into the
potential energy of compressed air.  P&ID

The Inlet Air Filter  PLC

 pressure
This removes dust and dirt from atmospheric air before it enters the suction inlet of the compressor.

 Pressure Measurement
The After Cooler

 Process Control
This cools the air leaving the air compressor. This is done by passing cooling water over the after cooler chamber.
 Temperature Measurement
Moisture Separator
 temprature
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BASICS OF AN INSTRUMENT AIR SUPPLY SYSTEM | Instrumentation and Control … Page 3 of 5

This removes most of the moisture from the air.  Tools

Condensate Trap  Uncategorized

This collects the condensed liquid from the moisture separator and drains the liquid periodically when the  Valves

Condensate levels gets too high.

 Vibration Measurement

Air Receiver
 whatis

This stores large volumes of the compressed air. It also provides an emergency supply of air for a short period of time
in the event of compressor failure.

Safety Relief Valve

A Safety Relief Valve is used to discharge excess pressure automatically if maximum pressure develops in the air
receiver.

Pressure Gauge

This indicates system output pressure.

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This is used to remove oil carried out by the air during the compression cycle. If the oil vapour is not removed from
the compressed air it slowly forms into droplets large enough to plug up tiny instrument tubings and nozzles.

Dryers

These dry any moisture that is left in the air.

Air Distribution System.

This is the final step in producing a properly balanced instrument air system. It should provide delivery to all air
users with a minimum supply variation of approximately 125 to 150 psi or 8.618 to 10.342 bar of pressure.

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