Wien's law states that the peak wavelength of an object's thermal radiation depends on its temperature, allowing astronomers to determine star surface temperatures by measuring color wavelengths using telescopes. Reddish stars have lower temperatures around 3000K, while bluish stars have higher temperatures from 10,000K to 20,000K. Atoms are composed of a small but massive nucleus surrounded by lightweight electrons in orbit, and some radioactive materials emit alpha particles, which are heavier than electrons and have a positive charge similar to helium atoms.
Wien's law states that the peak wavelength of an object's thermal radiation depends on its temperature, allowing astronomers to determine star surface temperatures by measuring color wavelengths using telescopes. Reddish stars have lower temperatures around 3000K, while bluish stars have higher temperatures from 10,000K to 20,000K. Atoms are composed of a small but massive nucleus surrounded by lightweight electrons in orbit, and some radioactive materials emit alpha particles, which are heavier than electrons and have a positive charge similar to helium atoms.
Wien's law states that the peak wavelength of an object's thermal radiation depends on its temperature, allowing astronomers to determine star surface temperatures by measuring color wavelengths using telescopes. Reddish stars have lower temperatures around 3000K, while bluish stars have higher temperatures from 10,000K to 20,000K. Atoms are composed of a small but massive nucleus surrounded by lightweight electrons in orbit, and some radioactive materials emit alpha particles, which are heavier than electrons and have a positive charge similar to helium atoms.
- Every object in space (star, planet) has a temperature that defined the peak wavelength of its thermal radiation - Astronomers can measure the exact colours of the radiation emitted by a star to figure out its surface temperature by using a telescope - Stars colours - Reddish stars have temperatures around 3000K - White stars are around 5000K to 6000K - Bluish stars are around 10,000K to 20,000K
Structure of the Atom
- Electron: A negatively charged particle orbiting around the atomic nucleus and is the lightest atom known, with mall 9.1 x 10<sup>- 31</sup>kg - Atom: A particle of matter composed of a nucleus surrounded by orbiting electrons - Alpha Particles: Tiny projectiless that are emitted at high speed by some radioactive materials - They have a positive electric charge and they are much more massive than the electron - Have the mass of an atom of a light element like helium - Atomic Nucleus: The dense core of every atom, atomic nuclei are positively charged and contain most of the mass of each atom, in the form of protons and neutrons