A

REPORT
ON

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF

COMMERCIAL CUM
RESIDENTIAL STEEL BUILDING

Prepared By

Submitted To

Page 1 of 33
 TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN

This report comprises the summary of the structural design of Commercial Building. The report consists
of design procedures adopted, assumptions made, and the input assign in the design. During design it is
assumed that the client will completely followed the architectural as well as the structural design. It is
also assumed that the construction will be supervised by a professional engineer.
The designer will not be responsible if any alteration or change to the structural system is made by the
client or contractor without the prior permission from the designer, or the alteration to the non-
structural system is made such that the weight of each individual floor or the weight of the whole
building is altered by more than 10% of the design weight of the floor and the total weight.
The design calculations and derivations are limited to only to let the concerned people know the
methodology adopted. However, the calculation may be provided to the client or the concerned
authorities when needed, upon request.

………………………….

(DESIGNER)

Page 2 of 33
Introduction
General
This report presents the structure analysis and design of two story steel truss Building. The building is
Special Moment Resisting Frame steel type of building. It is designed to meet both strength and
serviceability requirements when subjected to gravity and earthquake loads.

The analysis and design has been based on IS codes that are in practice in Nepal. This report consists of
the design assumptions, design methodology, design inputs and outputs, and sample design of structural
members.

Salient Features
Project Information
Type of building : Residential cum Commercial

Building Features
The building has some special features which are listed below:

Type of Building : Steel building

Shape : Rectangular Shape

Plinth level : As per architectural drawing

Roof floor Type : Non-Accessible, Terrace

Brick walls on ground floor, Prefab boards on other

Walls :
floors

Footing Type : Combnied and Isolated footing

Depth of foundation : Min 5ft below ground level or as per site condition

Dimension : 18mx8m

3.08m (center to
Story Height :
center)

Total Height : 7.4m

No of Story : 2 storey

Page 3 of 33
 Figure: Architectural Plan Ground floor

Page 4 of 33
 Figure: Architectural Plan First floor

Page 5 of 33
 Figure: FEM modelling in SAP 2000

Page 6 of 33
 Figure: First floor plan in SAP 2000

Column = 2ISMC 200

Pink beam = ISMB 300
Yellow beam= ISMB 350
Grey beam= ISMB 200, GREEN BEAM =ISMB 250
Page 7 of 33
 Figure: Truss elevation in SAP 2000

Yellow = ISB 91.5X91.5X4.5

Red = ISB 49.5X49.5X3.6

Figure: Tie bar plan at Z=6.12m in SAP 2000

Tie bar = Grey colour= ISB 72X72X4

Purlin ISB 91.5x91.5x4.5 @ 600mm spacing(not shown here)

Page 8 of 33
 Figure: Purlin plan in SAP 2000

Purlin ISB 91.5x91.5x4.5 @ 600mm spacing

Page 9 of 33
Load Patterns
Table - Load Patterns

Load Combinations
Table - Load Combinations

Page 10 of 33
Figure: Live Load
Figure: Floor Finish load in Etabs
 Figure: Wall load in Etabs

IS1893 2002 Auto Seismic Load Calculation

TABLE: Auto Seismic -

IS1893:2002                  
ZCo SoilTy TUs CoeffU WeightU BaseSh
LoadPat Dir Ct de pe R ed sed sed ear
Te Unitl Unitl Unitles
Text xt ess Text Text ess Sec s KN KN
EQX X 0.075 0.36 II 5 0.65 1.0411 1344.20 100.76
EQY Y 0.075 0.36 II 5 0.48 1.25 1344.20 120.97
Foundation Design
 Type L,mm B,mm D,mm REINF, BOTTOM&TOP
12dia @ 100mm BOTH SIDES
COMBINED, (Grid A & B) 5500 2500 460mm
Top & Bottom both

FOOTING L=B( D,m do,m

Type NO. m) m m REINF, BOTTOM

ISOLATE 12 @ 150mm BOTH

3,77,76,75,74 1.5 300 300
D SIDES

COMBINED FOOTING
 

C.F. -
1

COLUMN 1 COLUMN 2
Pu= 22.05 T Pu= 36.6 T
Mz = 0.1 T-m Mz = 0.1 T-m

My = 0.1 T-m My = 0.05 T-m

fy = 500 N/sqmm

fck = 20 N/sqmm

SBC = 10 T/sqm

Pedestal - P1 Pedestal - P1

a= 0.4 m c= 0.4 m
 b= 0.4 m d= 0.4 m

C/C
Distance 1 AND 2 = 4.225 m
between

Footing Size ( B X L ) mts 2.50 5.5

PROVIDED AREA 13.75 m2 < SBC, Hence SAFE

 
REQUIR
AREA 4.50 m2
ED

P/A= 4.265 T/sqm

Mz/Z= 0.016 T/sqm
My/Z= 0.026 T/sqm

P1
=P/A+Mz/Z+My/
Z= 4.308 T/sqm
P2 =P/A-
Mz/Z+My/Z = 4.276 T/sqm < SBC, Hence SAFE
P3 =P/A+Mz/Z-
My/Z = 4.255 T/sqm
P4=P/A+Mz/Z+
My/Z = 4.223 T/sqm

P1 P2
22.05 36.6
1 2.637 1.588 2

4.225
b1

e= (P1x b1)/(P1+P2) = 1.588 m

1.0098
Factor = 58
22.2674 T 36.96080911 T

0.113 4.225 1.162

10.769 T/m
   1.22147     24.45210905    
   
   
       
   
   
   
   
   
  21.0459 12.50870006  
   
      SFD      

  0.113 4.225 1.162

 
7.264
  0.06927 88
 
   
 
 
  1.954 2.271
 
 
 
  -20.5
 
 
 
        BMD      

Max BM in direction Z

1.05

4.308 T/m2
 BM at section C-C = 2.375 T-m

EFF. COVER = 60 mm
say
400.00
211.09 mm
de =

D= 460.00

BM(T- Steel deff(m pt(pro Ast(mm ζc(N/mm

D(mm) k pt(req)
m) Position m) vi) 2) 2)
BOT.STE
2.906 460 400 0.207 0.120 0.120 480 0.260
EL
TOP
-8.2 460 400 0.584 0.185 0.185 741.5 0.316
STEEL
BOT.STE
2.375 460 400 0.169 0.120 0.120 480 0.260
EL

           
 
Direction Y V= 2.42 T  
ζve = 0.09 N/sqmm
N/sqm
ζc = 0.32 m
OK
 
Direction Z V= 2.80 T  
ζve = 0.10 N/sqmm
N/sqm OK
    ζc = 0.26 m

                 
   
   
1 For 2  
   
   
P= 22.05 tonnes   P= 36.6 tonnes  
   
ped1= 0.4 800   ped1= 0.4 800
ped2= 0.4 800   ped2= 0.4 800
ζp = 0.250 N/mm2   ζp = 0.421 N/mm2  
 ζper = 1.118 N/mm2
SAFE   ζper = 1.118 N/mm2
SAFE

DIMENSION OF
FOOTING
   

L = 5.5 m
B = 2.50 m
D = 0.46 m

Isolated Footing
             
             
1 Footing Size Design          
             
  Load Pu 188 KN      
  Design Load P 125 KN      
             
  Moment in x dir Mux 8 KN-m      
  Moment in y dir Muy 5 KN-m      
             
  Column size cx 400 mm      
    cy 400 mm      
             
  SBC q 100 KN/sqm      
             
  Footing Size required A req 1.38 sqmm      
             
  L 1.50 meters  
Footing Size Provided
  B 1.50 meters      
  Area Provided A prvd 2.25 meters      
             
     Zx 0.56      
    Zx 0.56      
             
  Net upward pressure Nup 71 KNm2      
             
    Footing Size OK      
             
             
             
2 Slab Design          
    lx 0.550      
    ly 0.550      
             
  Bending Moment in x dir Mx 16 KN-m      
  Bending Moment in y dir My 16 KN-m      
             
  Concrete fck 20 MPa      
  Steel fy 500 MPa      
             
  Minimum Depth Required dmin 78      
             
  Depth Provided D 300 mm      
  Clear Cover c 50 mm      
  Effective Cover d' 56 mm      
  Effective Depth d' 244 mm      
             
  Spacing c/c in mm    
Area of Steel
  12# 16# 20#    
  293 sqmm 386 c/c 687 c/c 1073 c/c    
  293 sqmm 386 c/c 687 c/c 1073 c/c    
  Minimum Ast required across x direcion        
  Minimum Ast required across y direcion        
             
  Ast across x direction 12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c 754 sqmm  
  Ast across y direction 12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c 754 sqmm  
             
             
             
3 One Way Shear along x direction        
             
    Vu1 49 KN      
    ζv 0.133 MPa      
             
    ζc 0.260 MPa      
    Vc1 95 KN      
             
    One Way Shear Check OK      
             
4 One Way Shear along y direction        
             
    Vu1 49 KN      
    ζv 0.133 MPa      
             
    ζc 0.260 MPa      
    Vc1 95 KN      
             
    One Way Shear Check OK      
             
             
5 Two Way Shear          
    Vu2 195 KN      
    ζv 0.311 MPa      
             
    ks*ζc 1.118 MPa      
    Vc1 703 KN      
             
    Two Way Shear Check OK      
             
 

           
             

    L= 1.50 meters      
             

             
             
             
             
             
             
             
      400      
400

B= 1.50 meters        
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
           
  
             
             
             
             
             
           

300 mm
           
           
           
  150 mm          
           
             
    12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c   12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c
             

Design of Base Plate

  Node No. 73     Load Case 1.5(DL+LL)

Factored Axial Load P 367.5 kN
Factored Moment about X-axis, Mpx 10.0 kNm
Factored Moment about Z-axis, Mpz 10.0 kNm
Horizontal Force along X- axis , Fx 13.0 kN
Horizontal Force along Z- axis , Fz 5.0 kN
 
Length of base plate along X-axis, Lbp 350 mm
Width of base plate along Z- axis, Bpb 350 mm
Depth of column along X-axis , Dx 200 mm
Depth of column along Z-axis , Dz 200 mm
Distance betn. edge of base pl.& cl. of bolt, ed 60 mm
 
Ultimate stress of bolt in tension stf 470 N/mm2
Yield stress of bolt fyb 295 N/mm2
 Characteristic compressive strength of concrete,f ck 25 N/mm2
Permissible stress in conc. in bearing, scc 11.25 N/mm2
 
No Increase in permissible stress in LSD 1  
Max Bearing Pressure, smax =P/A+6xMx/(Lbp2 x Bbp )+6xMz/(Lbp x Bbp2) 5.79 N/mm2
Min Bearing Pressure, smin =P/A-6xMx/(Lbp2 x Bbp )-6xMz/(Lbp x Bbp2) 0.22 N/mm2
Remarks Base Plate Size is O.K.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Axial force, P 367.5 kN
  Moment about X-axis, Mx 10.0 kNm
  Moment about Z-axis, Mz 10.0 kNm
  Horizontal Force along X- axis , Fx 13.0 kN
  Horizontal Force along Z- axis , Fz 5.0 kN
N/mm
  Max Bearing Pressure, smax =P/A+6xMx/(Lbp x Bbp2 ) 4.38 2

N/mm
  Min Bearing Pressure, smin =P/A-6xMx/(Lbp x Bbp2 ) 1.63 2

   
  Distance Y1 = smax x Bpb/ (smax + smin) 255.07 mm
  Distance betn. cl. of base pl. & cg. of comp. Force,
Not reqd. mm
  Y2 = B / 2 - Y1 / 3
  Lever arm, Y3 = Bpb - ed - Y1 / 3 Not reqd. mm
  Tension (Taking moment about Compression line)
No tension kN
  T=((Mx+Fzxt - P x Y2) / Y3
provide nominal
  Remarks  
bolt
   
  Dia of bolt 25 mm
  Gross area provided 491 mm2
  Net area provided 393 mm2
  Tensile capacity of each bolt based on tensile strength 131677 N
  Tensile capacity of each bolt based on concrete break out failure 1753625 N
  So, Effective Tensile capacity 131677 N
  No. of bolt per side 3.00 nos
   
   
                 
  LENGTH OF BOLT
  Length of bolt provided 800 mm
   
  DESIGN OF STIFFNER PLATE
  The stiffner palte is first checked against local buckling assuming a 15 mm thick stiffner  
  palte  
  Fy 250 N/mm2 Ts 15 mm  
  Gusset outstand  
  Outstand length 100 mm  
  D/Ts 6.666666667 < 13.60  
204.0
Average height of the stiffner plate should be less than mm  
  0
   
  Smaller height 150 mm  
  Higher height 150 mm  
204.0
So average height 150 mm < mm OK
  0
   
  The stiffner is semi compact section  
  distace between flange to edge of base plate 75 mm  
  distance between stiffner plate 100 mm  
38595.5
The shear on the stiffner plate N 38.60 KN  
  4
295235.
Shear capacity N 295.2 kN OK
  9
  0.6*Vd 177.14 > 38.60 KN  
  So the moment capacity will not get reduced by the effect of shear.  
   
  Bending moment 1507701 Nmm 1.51 KNm  
  Bending capacity 12784091 Nmm 12.78 KNm OK
  Hence the size of the stiffenr plate is satisfactory.  
   
  Weld connecting column-gusset-base plate
  Load on weld 417.50 KN  
Weld
Assuming an 6 mm weld 10 mm  
  size
  Length of the weld 800 mm  
  Load per mm 0.52 kN/mm  
  Weld capacity 1519.59 1.52 kN/mm OK  
   
  Thickness of the base plate
  Three sides fixed  
  Thickness of the base plate 25 mm  
  for stiffner plate connected to flange  
  Plate dimension (three edge fixed) a 100 b 75  
-
cofficient from roarks book beta 3  
  0.24733333
1.33333333
From Roark's chart (Table 11.4) stress -12.8885 N/mm2 a/b
  3  
  Strength of the base plate 272.73 N/mm2 OK  
   
   
                 
  for stiffner plate connected to web  
  Plate dimension (three edge fixed) a 125 b 125  
  cofficient from roarks book beta 3 0.286 a/b 1.00  
From Roark's chart (Table
  Stress 41.3985 N/mm2
11.4)  
  Strength of the base plate 272.73 N/mm2 OK  
   
   
   
   
85313.8
  Shear capacity of Bolt N 85.31 KN  
9
  when the bolts will be in compression, they will be eefective in shear  
  Total capacity 255.94 KN > 13 OK  
   
  Bolt subjected to cobined shear and tension  
  Vsb Factored shear force acting on the bolt 0.63 kN  
  Vdb Design shear capacity 85.31 kN  
Factored tensile force acting on the
  Tb 2.00 kN  
bolt
  Tdb Design tension capacity 131.68 kN  
  So, Interaction ratio 0.00 < 1 OK
Beam –column Moment Connection

Moment,M 123 kNm

Shear,V 96 kN

Bolt dia, HSFG 8.8 20 mm

Number of bolts 6 nos
Beam used, ISMB 350
Beam flange width 140 mm
Beam depth 350 mm
web thickness of beam 8.1 mm
Flange thickness of beam 14.2 mm
distance of bottom bolt to
cg of bottom flange 55 mm
Extreme force in bolt 88.5373865 kN
force in bottom bolt 14.2010973 kN
Capacity of bottom flange 451.818182 kN
Reaction at bottom flange 354.149546 kN
Assume fillet weld 12 mm
Distance from c/c of top
bolt to toe of fillet weld,lv 47.9 mm
end distance, le 50 mm
Length of end plate 240 mm
Eff. Length of end plate,w 120 mm
Tension capacity of M20 bolt 141 kN
Allowable prying load, Q 52.46261 kN
Moment at toe of weld 1617.81 Nm

Thickness of plate required 15.40386 mm

Plate adopted 25 mm

Proof stress, fo 0.56 kN/mm2

Actual prying load 30.23126 kN ok

Shear capacity of bolt 111.963 kN

shear per bolt 16 kN ok
Tension capacity of bolt 141 kN

check for combined shear

and torsion 0.729943 <1 ok

Load Calculation

Dead Load [IS875:1987 Pt.1]

GI Sheeting = 0.060 kN/m
 2

kN/m
Fixings = 0.025 2

kN/m
Services = 0.100 2

kN/m
Total Load = 0.185 2

load on purlin = 0.111 kN/m

Imposed Load [IS875:1987 Pt.2]

kN/m
Live Load = 0.67 2

load on purlin = 0.40 kN/m

Wind Load [IS875:1987 Pt.3]

Wind load F on a roof truss by static wind method is given by
F = (Cpe – Cpi) × A × pd
Where Cpe and Cpi are force coefficients for exterior and interior of the building.

Value of Cpi
Assume wall openings between
Then,
Cpi = ± 0.2

Value of Cpe
Roof angle, α = 14.00 ⁰
Height of the building to eaves = 8.00 m
Lesser dimension of the building in plan, w = 9.00 m

Building height to width ratio, h/w = 0.89

Here,
0.5 < < 1.5

Wind direction normal Wind direction

Roof to the ridge parallel to the ridge
h/w
Angle, α Windward Leeward Windward Leeward
side side side side
10 -1.1 -0.6 -0.8 -0.6
20 -0.7 -0.5 -0.8 -0.6
0.89
By interpolation,                    
14.00 -0.9 -0.6 -0.8 -0.6

Value of pd
 Basic wind speed (Vb) = 47.00 m/s
Total height of building = 10.90 m
Design wind speed vz is given by
Vz = k1 × k2 × k3 × Vb
Here,
Risk Coefficient, k1 = 1.00
(Assuming the industrial building as general building and its
5 years.
probable life about
0 )

Terrain, height, structure size factor, k2

Roof elevation = 8 m to 10.9 m
Terrain Category = Category 3

Greater dimension of the building in plan, L = 18 m

Structure Class = Class A

Height (m) Terrain category and class of building factor

4 m 1

For 10.9 m, k2 = 1.00

Topography factor, k3 (assume) = 1.00

Then,
Vz = k1 × k2 × k3 × Vb = 47.00 m/s
And,
kN/m
Design wind pressure, = 1.33
Pd = 0.6 × Vz2 2

Wind Load on Roof Truss

Pressure Coefficent
(Cpe – Cpi)
Wind Cpe
Angle Wind Lee Cpi Wind Lee
ward ward ward ward
-0.9 -0.6 0.2 -1.1 -0.8
0
    -0.2 -0.7 -0.4
-0.8 -0.6 0.2 -1.0 -0.8
90
    -0.2 -0.6 -0.4
windward Load on purlin = -0.76 kn/m
leeward Load on purlin -0.50 kn/m
References
 NBC Nepal Building Code
 IS 800:2007
 Limit State Design of Substructure- Swamisharan
 SAP 2000 manual