A

REPORT
ON
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF
FACTORY

Prepared For

Prepared By
Roshan Kumar Kejariwal
Structural Engineer
Nec no-14859 civil A

Submitted To
 TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN

This report comprises the summary of the structural design of Commercial Building. The report consists
of design procedures adopted, assumptions made, and the input assign in the design. During design it is
assumed that the client will completely followed the architectural as well as the structural design. It is
also assumed that the construction will be supervised by a professional engineer.
The designer will not be responsible if any alteration or change to the structural system is made by the
client or contractor without the prior permission from the designer, or the alteration to the non-
structural system is made such that the weight of each individual floor or the weight of the whole
building is altered by more than 10% of the design weight of the floor and the total weight.
The design calculations and derivations are limited to only to let the concerned people know the
methodology adopted. However, the calculation may be provided to the client or the concerned
authorities when needed, upon request.

………………………….

(DESIGNER)
 Introduction

General
This report presents the structure analysis and design of Truss Building. The building is Special Moment
Resisting Frame steel type of building. It is designed to meet both strength and serviceability
requirements when subjected to gravity and earthquake loads.

The analysis and design has been based on IS codes that are in practice in Nepal. This report consists of
the design assumptions, design methodology, design inputs and outputs, and sample design of
structural members.

Salient Features
Project Information

Type of building : Industrial

Location : Itahari
Building Features

The building has some special features which are listed below:

Type of Building : Steel Truss Building

Shape : Regular Rectangular Shape

Plinth level : As per architectural drawing

Roof floor Type : Inaccessible, Terrace

Walls : Brick walls on ground floor

Footing Type : Isolated footing

Depth of foundation : Min 5ft below ground level or as per site condition

6.09m (center to
Story Height :
center)

Total Height : 7.5m

No of Story : 1 storey
Figure 1: Modeling in Etabs
Load Calculation
Dead Load [IS875:1987 Pt.1]
GI Sheeting = 0.060 kN/m2
Fixings = 0.025 kN/m2
Services = 0.070 kN/m2
Total Load = 0.155 kN/m2
load on purlin = 0.140 kN/m

Imposed Load [IS875:1987 Pt.2]

Live Load = 0.71 kN/m2
load on purlin = 0.61 kN/m

Wind Load [IS875:1987 Pt.3]

Wind load F on a roof truss by static wind method is given by
F = (Cpe – Cpi) × A × pd
Where Cpe and Cpi are force coefficients for exterior and interior of the building.

Value of Cpi
Assume wall openings between
Then,
Cpi = ± 0.5

Value of Cpe
Roof angle, α = 11.80 ⁰
Height of the building to eaves = 6.10 m
Lesser dimension of the building in plan, w = 12.51 m

Building height to width ratio, h/w = 0.49

Here, ℎ
< 0.5
/
𝑤
Wind direction normal Wind direction
Roof to the ridge parallel to the ridge
h/w
Angle, α Windward Leeward Windward Leeward
side side side side
10 -1.2 -0.4 -0.8 -0.6
20 -0.5 -0.4 -0.7 -0.6
0.49
By interpolation,                    
11.80 -1.1 -0.4 -0.8 -0.6

Value of pd
 Basic wind speed (Vb) = 47.00 m/s
Total height of building = 7.63 m
Design wind speed vz is given by
Vz = k1 × k2 × k3 × Vb
Here,
Risk Coefficient, k1 = 1.00
(Assuming the industrial building as general building and its
probable life about 50 years.)

Terrain, height, structure size factor, k2

Roof elevation = 6.096 m to 7.626 m
Terrain Category = Category 3

Greater dimension of the building in plan, L = 12.51 m

Structure Class = Class A

Height (m) Terrain category and class of building factor

4 m 1

For 7.626 m, k2 = 1.00

Topography factor, k3 (assume) = 1.00

Then,
Vz = k1 × k2 × k3 × Vb = 47.00 m/s
And,
Design wind pressure, Pd = 0.6 × Vz2 = 1.33 kN/m2

Wind Load on Roof Truss

Pressure Coefficent
(Cpe – Cpi)
Wind Cpe
Angle Wind Lee Cpi Wind Lee
ward ward ward ward
-1.1 -0.4 0.5 -1.6 -0.9
0
    -0.5 -0.6 0.1
-0.8 -0.6 0.5 -1.3 -1.1
90
    -0.5 -0.3 -0.1
windward Load on purlin = -1.94 kN/m
leeward Load on purlin -1.19 kn/m
TRUSS DESIGN
ETABS 2016 Steel Frame Design
IS 800:2007 Steel Section Check (Strength Summary)

Element Details (Part 1 of 2)

Level Element Unique Name Location (m) Combo Design Type Element Type Section
RISER C189 164 1.22857 UDStlS9 Column Special Moment Frame ISNB80M

Element Details (Part 2 of 2)

Classification Rolled
Class 1 Yes

Design Code Parameters

ɣM0 ɣM1 An /Ag LLRF PLLF Stress ratio Limit
1.1 1.25 1 1 0.75 0.95

Section Properties
A (m²) Izz (m⁴) rzz (m) Ze,zz (m³) Av,z (m²) Zp,zz (m³) Iyz (m⁴) It (m⁴)
0.0011 0.000001 0.03001 0.000022 0.0007 0.000022 0 0.000002

J (m⁴) Iyy (m⁴) ryy (m) Ze,yy (m³) Av,y (m²) Zp,yy (m³) Iw (m⁶) h (m)
0.000002 0.000001 0.03001 0.000022 0.0007 0.000022 0.0889

Material Properties
J (m⁴) Iyy (m⁴) ryy (m)
0.000002 0.000001 0.03001

E (kN/m²) fy (kN/m²) fu (kN/m²)

210000000 250000 410000
 Stress Check Forces and Moments
Location (m) N (kN) Mzz (kN-m) Myy (kN-m) Vy (kN) Vz (kN) To (kN-m)
1.22857 -7.8995 0.1627 2.3922 -0.2738 -1.8416 0.1543

PMM Demand/Capacity (D/C) Ratio 9.3.1.1(ay)

D/C Ratio = My / Mndy
0.486 = 0.486

Basic Factors
Buckling Mode K Factor L Factor L Length (m) KL/r
Major (z-z) 1.133 0.921 1.22857 46.383
Major Braced 0.565 0.921 1.22857 23.112
Minor (y-y) 2.841 0.921 1.22857 116.322
Minor Braced 0.855 0.921 1.22857 34.986
LTB 2.841 0.921 1.22857 116.322

Axial Force Design

N Force Td Capacity Nd Capacity Pdy Capacity Pz Capacity Pd Capacity
kN kN kN kN kN kN
Axial -7.8995 243.1818 243.1818 117.486 224.0498 117.486

Tdg Tdn Ncr,T Ncr,TF An /Ag N /Nd

kN kN kN kN Unitless Unitless
243.1818 315.864 86423.1019 163.8998 1 0.032

Design Parameters for Axial Design

Curve α fcc (kN/m²) λ Φ χ fcd (kN/m²)
Major (z-z) a 0.21 963396.21 0.509 0.662 0.921 209392.33
MajorB (z-z) a 0.21 3880171.54 0.254 0.538 0.988 224561.58
Minor (y-y) a 0.21 153177.4 1.278 1.429 0.483 109799.98
MinorB (y-y) a 0.21 1693246.13 0.384 0.593 0.957 109799.98
Torsional TF a 0.21 153177.4 1.278 1.429 0.483 109799.98

Moment Designs
M Moment Mspan Moment Md(yield) Capacity Mdv Capacity Mnd Capacity Md(LTB) Capacity
kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m
Major (z-z) 0.1627 0.1627 4.9273 4.9273 4.9273 4.9273
Minor (y-y) 2.3922 2.3922 4.9273 4.9273 4.9273

Curve αLT λLT ΦLT χLT C1 Mcr (kN-m)

LTB a 0.21 0.112 0.497 1 2.7 431.2602

Cmy Cmz CmLT kz ky KLT My / Mdy Mz / Mdz α1 α2

Factors 0.622 0.4 0.4 1.002 1.006 0.997 0.486 0.033 2 2

Shear Design
V Force (kN) Vd Capacity (kN) To Capacity (kN-m) Stress Ratio Status Check
Major (y) 0.2738 89.3821 0.1543 0.003 OK
 V Force (kN) Vd Capacity (kN) To Capacity (kN-m) Stress Ratio Status Check
Minor (z) 1.8416 89.3821 0.1543 0.021 OK

Shear Design
Vp (kN) kv (Unitless) ΛW (Unitless) Τb (kN/m²)
Reduction 89.3821 0 0 1

Column Details:

ETABS 2016 Steel Frame Design

IS 800:2007 Steel Section Check (Strength Summary)

Element Details (Part 1 of 2)

Level Element Unique Name Location (m) Combo Design Type Element Type Section
ROOR C174 61 3.72336 UDStlS9 Column Special Moment Frame 2ISMC 250

Element Details (Part 2 of 2)

Classification Rolled
Class 3 No

Design Code Parameters

ɣM0 ɣM1 An /Ag LLRF PLLF Stress ratio Limit
1.1 1.25 1 1 0.75 0.95

Section Properties
 A (m²) Izz (m⁴) rzz (m) Ze,zz (m³) Av,z (m²) Zp,zz (m³) Iyz (m⁴) It (m⁴)
0.0077 0.000076 0.09927 0.000608 0.0077 0.000709 0 3.274E-07

J (m⁴) Iyy (m⁴) ryy (m) Ze,yy (m³) Av,y (m²) Zp,yy (m³) Iw (m⁶) h (m)
3.274E-07 0.000067 0.09355 0.000586 0.0035 0.000694 0.25

Material Properties
J (m⁴) Iyy (m⁴) ryy (m)
3.274E-07 0.000067 0.09355

E (kN/m²) fy (kN/m²) fu (kN/m²)

210000000 250000 410000

Stress Check Forces and Moments

Location (m) N (kN) Mzz (kN-m) Myy (kN-m) Vy (kN) Vz (kN) To (kN-m)
3.72336 48.1321 39.4915 3.2191 -18.2898 -1.3918 0.0018

PMM Demand/Capacity (D/C) Ratio 9.3.2.2(a)

D/C Ratio = P / Pdy + Ky * Cmy * (My,span / Mdy; ) + KLT *
(Mz,span / Mdz; )
0.423 = 0 + 0.029 + 0.394

Basic Factors
Buckling Mode K Factor L Factor L Length (m) KL/r
Major (z-z) 2.037 0.873 3.72336 76.414
Major Braced 0.779 0.873 3.72336 29.216
Minor (y-y) 2.391 0.973 4.1529 106.161
Minor Braced 0.807 0.973 4.1529 35.847
LTB 2.391 0.973 4.1529 106.161

Axial Force Design

N Force Td Capacity Nd Capacity Pdy Capacity Pz Capacity Pd Capacity
kN kN kN kN kN kN
Axial 48.1321 1751.3455 1751.3455 788.7107 1116.572 788.7107

Tdg Tdn Ncr,T Ncr,TF An /Ag N /Nd

kN kN kN kN Unitless Unitless
1751.3455 2274.7876 1421.1508 1417.1415 1 0.027

Design Parameters for Axial Design

Curve α fcc (kN/m²) λ Φ χ fcd (kN/m²)
Major (z-z) c 0.49 354955.84 0.839 1.009 0.638 144897.95
MajorB (z-z) c 0.49 2428133.83 0.321 0.581 0.938 213288.88
Minor (y-y) c 0.49 183902.96 1.166 1.416 0.45 102351.27
MinorB (y-y) c 0.49 1612952.2 0.394 0.625 0.901 102351.27
Torsional TF c 0.49 183902.96 1.166 1.416 0.45 102351.27

Moment Designs
 M Moment Mspan Moment Md(yield) Capacity Mdv Capacity Mnd Capacity Md(LTB) Capacity
kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m
Major (z-z) 39.4915 39.4915 138.0735 138.0735 138.0735 100.1134
Minor (y-y) 3.2191 3.8169 133.2739 133.2739 133.2739

Curve αLT λLT ΦLT χLT C1 Mcr (kN-m)

LTB c 0.49 0.699 0.867 0.725 1.604 310.5118

Cmy Cmz CmLT kz ky KLT My / Mdy Mz / Mdz α1 α2

Factors 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.024 0.286 2 2

Shear Design
V Force (kN) Vd Capacity (kN) To Capacity (kN-m) Stress Ratio Status Check
Major (y) 18.2898 462.8115 0.0018 0.04 OK
Minor (z) 1.3918 1011.1393 0.0018 0.001 OK

Shear Design
Vp (kN) kv (Unitless) ΛW (Unitless) Τb (kN/m²)
Reduction 462.8115 0 0 1

BASE PLATE AND ANCHOR BOLT DESIGN

  CHECK FOR SIZE OF BASE PLATE C1
 
  Axial Load P 109.0 kN
  Factored Moment about X-axis, Mpx 100.0 kNm
  Factored Moment about Z-axis, Mpz 0.0 kNm
  Horizontal Force along X- axis , Fx 40.0 kN
  Horizontal Force along Z- axis , Fz 0.0 kN
   
Length of base plate along X-axis,
  450 mm
Lbp
Width of base plate along Z- axis,
  350 mm
Bpb
  Depth of column along X-axis , Dx 400 mm
  Depth of column along Z-axis , Dz 300 mm
  Distance betn. edge of base pl.& cl. of bolt, ed 75 mm
   
N/m
  Ultimate stress of bolt in tension stf 470
m2
N/m
  Yield stress of bolt fyb 295
m2
N/m
  Characteristic compressive strength of concrete,fck 25
m2
N/m
  Permissible stress in conc. in bearing, scc 42.52
m2
   
  No Increase in permissible stress in LSD 1  
N/m
  Max Bearing Pressure, smax =P/A+6xMx/(Lbp2 x Bbp )+6xMz/(Lbp x Bbp2) 11.53
m2
N/m
  Min Bearing Pressure, smin =P/A-6xMx/(Lbp2 x Bbp )-6xMz/(Lbp x Bbp2) -10.14
m2
  Remarks Base Plate Size is O.K.
   
   

  DESIGN OF BOLT
   
   
   
   
  Calculation of bolt along Z- axis  
 
  Axial force, P 109.0 kN
  Moment about X-axis, Mx 100.0 kNm
  Moment about Z-axis, Mz 0.0 kNm
  Horizontal Force along X- axis , Fx 40.0 kN
  Horizontal Force along Z- axis , Fz 0.0 kN
N/m
  Max Bearing Pressure, smax =P/A+6xMx/(Lbp x Bbp2 ) 0.77
m2
N/m
  Min Bearing Pressure, smin =P/A-6xMx/(Lbp x Bbp2 ) 0.63
m2
   
  Distance Y1 = smax x Bpb/ (smax + smin) 192.50 mm
  Distance betn. cl. of base pl. & cg. of comp. Force,
Not reqd. mm
  Y 2 = B / 2 - Y1 / 3
  Lever arm, Y3 = Bpb - ed - Y1 / 3 Not reqd. mm
  Tension (Taking moment about Compression line)
No tension kN
  T=((Mx+Fzxt - P x Y2) / Y3
provide nominal
  Remarks  
bolt
   
  Dia of bolt 20 mm
  Gross area provided 315 mm2
  Net area provided 252 mm2
  Tensile capacity of each bolt based on tensile strength 84477 N
  Tensile capacity of each bolt based on concrete break out failure 1591819 N
  So, Effective Tensile capacity 84477 N
  No. of bolt per side 2.00 nos
   
   
Shee
2 X 660MW LANCO VIDARBHA TPP LITL-008-CVE-104-R- t
REV B
0101 #RE
Design of UCB
F!
                 
  LENGTH OF BOLT
  Length of bolt provided 750 mm
   
  DESIGN OF STIFFNER PLATE
  The stiffner palte is first checked against local buckling assuming a 20 mm thick  
  stiffner palte  
  Fy 325 N/mm2 Ts 20 mm  
  Gusset outstand  
  Outstand length 250 mm  
  D/Ts 12.5 < 11.93  
238.5
Average height of the stiffner plate should be less than mm  
  6
   
  Smaller height 200 mm  
  Higher height 200 mm  
 238.5
So average height 200 mm < mm OK
  6
   
  The stiffner is semi compact section  
  distace between flange to edge of base plate 150 mm  
  distance between stiffner plate 188 mm  
194197. 194.2
The shear on the stiffner plate N KN  
  3 0
  Shear capacity 682323 N 682.3 kN OK
  0.6*Vd 409.39 > 194.20 KN  
  So the moment capacity will not get reduced by the effect of shear.  
   
  Bending moment 17838514 Nmm 17.84 KNm  
  Bending capacity 39393939 Nmm 39.39 KNm OK
Hence the size of the stiffenr plate is
 
  satisfactory.
   
  Weld connecting column-gusset-base plate
  Load on weld 54.50 KN  
Weld
Assuming an 6 mm weld 10 mm  
  size
  Length of the weld 3276 mm  
  Load per mm 0.02 kN/mm  
1519.5
Weld capacity 1.52 kN/mm OK  
  9
   
  Thickness of the base plate
  Three sides fixed  
  Thickness of the base plate 25 mm  
  for stiffner plate connected to flange  
  Plate dimension (three edge fixed) a 188 b 150  
-
cofficient from roarks book beta 3 0.1961333  
  3
From Roark's chart (Table 11.4) 1.2533333
-81.411 N/mm2 a/b
  stress 33  
  Strength of the base plate 354.55 N/mm2 OK  
   
   
                 
  for stiffner plate connected to web  
  Plate dimension (three edge fixed) a 169 b 175  
  cofficient from roarks book beta 3 0.317 a/b 0.97  
From Roark's chart (Table 179.014
  Stress N/mm2
11.4) 8  
  Strength of the base plate 354.55 N/mm2 OK  
   
   
   
   
54705.
  Shear capacity of Bolt N 54.71 KN  
09
  when the bolts will be in compression, they will be eefective in shear  
  Total capacity 109.41 KN > 40 OK  
   
  Bolt subjected to cobined shear and tension  
Factored shear force acting on the
  Vsb 0.00 kN  
bolt
  Vdb Design shear capacity 54.71 kN  
Factored tensile force acting on
  Tb 2.00 kN  
the bolt
Design tension
  Tdb 84.48 kN  
capacity
  So, Interaction ratio 0.00 < 1 OK
   

Design of
Footing
Direct Load from pedestal, W1 = 129.80 kN
Moment from pedestal = 0.00 kNm

Try a
1.82 x 1.82 x 0.30 m
footing:

Weight of footing, W2 = 24.843 kN

Weight of soil above footing, 68.0918

= kN
W3 4
Then,
Total Vertical Load = 222.73 kN
Overturning
= 0.00 kNm
Moment

Eccentricity of resultant vertical force = 0.00 m < 𝑏 = 0.30 m

/
Therefor
6
e,
Base pressure distribution is triangular with no part in tension.
Width of footing in contact with soil = 1.82 m
Now,
Maximum pressure kN/m 1.25 x kN/m
67.24 2 < 2 = 150 kN/m2 OK
= 120
 Pressure ordinate at the face of
= 67.24 kN/m2
pedestal

Downward pressure due to self-weight of soil and concrete = 29.1 kN/m2

Then,
Length of foundation slab off the face of pedestal = 0.71 m
Factored BM about the face of kNm/
= 14.42
pedestal m
Diameter of bars = 12 mm
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective depth required = 73.63 mm
Effective depth
= 219 mm OK
provided
Area of steel
= 263 mm2
required
(checked against minimum reinforcement 0.12
)
of %
Spacing
= 430 mm
required
Spacing
= 150 mm
provided

Provide 12 mm dia bars @ 150 mm c/c on top and bottom both ways.

Check for Punching Shear

Vertical Load as of Load Combo I = 110.00 kN
Area resisting punching
= 147000 mm2
shear
Punching shear stress N/mm
= 0.75 2
developed
Permissible shear stress = 1.12 N/mm2 OK

No shear reinforcement is needed.

References
 NBC Nepal Building Code
 IS 800:1998
 Limit State Design of Substructure- Swamisharan
 ETABS manual V 16