ORAL COMMUNICATION

MODULE 7
A. Introduction
Other rhetoricians and communication specialists such as Kinneavy, Bitzer, Westley and
Maclean, Ruesh and Bateson, and Barlun also came up with their own communication models;
however, their works are quite complicated and difficult to comprehend.

B. (Competency 2) Topic: Linear, Interactive, and Transactional Models

 Objectives

At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:

1. Learn about the different models proposed to explain the communication process; and
2. Break down a sample interaction using a communication model.

 Definition of Terms

1. Persuasion – pertains to the process of convincing or persuading.

2. Encoding – process of sending the message into words.
3. Decoding – process of analyzing, understanding, or perceiving the message.
4. Feedback – pertains to the reaction or response of the listener.

 Context

 Various models have been proposed to understand the process of communication. The linear,
interactive and transactional communication models which were proposed by Adler & Rodman
(2011) do not only present comparatively simpler structures but also provide meaningful
understanding to communication.
The Linear Communication Model
- The linear communication model illustrates communication as a one-way activity where message
or information flows from the speaker to the listener. This means that the transmission of message
starts from an active sender and ends with the passive receiver.

SAQ # 1: Briefly answer the questions below.

 How does information flows in the linear communication model? (10%) The
 How would you describe a passive receiver? (10%)
Interactive Communication Model

- The interactive communication model shows a two-way exchange which features the element of
feedback. The sender composes and delivers a message to a receiver, who in return composes and
delivers a response. Interactions which require both parties to respond, such as job interview or
telephone conversation, exemplify this communication model.

SAQ # 2: Briefly answer the questions below.

 How does information flows in the interactive communication model? (10%)
 What other situations show interactive communication? Write at least two. (10%)
The Transactional Communication Model
- Compared to the previous two models, the transactional communication model uses the term
participants to refer to the sender and the receiver. It also includes additional elements of noise
and environment. Noise indicates the possibility of unsuccessful communication. Environment
refers not only to the physical, social, psychological, cultural, and historical contexts, but also to
the personal history and schema which every participant brings to the interaction. The schema is
the participants’ knowledge of the world or his/her accumulated experiences. It affects the way a
participant interprets information.
SAQ # 3: Briefly answer the questions below.
 What are the two additional elements in the Transactional Communication Model? (2%)
 What are the roles of these two additional elements? (8%)
 How does schema affects the participant’s way of interpreting information? (10%)
 Enrichment and ICT Integration: For further understanding of the lesson, read the article uploaded by
Shraddha Bajracharya titled “Aristotle’s Model of Communication” in Businesstopia on January 6, 2018
by clicking this link https://www.businesstopia.net/communication/aristotles-model-communication and
“Schramm’s Model of Communication” by clicking also this link
https://www.businesstopia.net/communication/schramms-model-communication

D. Summary

- Communication models are used by business companies and other firms to foster their
communication, explore their options and to evaluate their own situations. It is also used to
understand how the receivers will interpret the message.

E. References

- Fernandez et.al., Oral Communication for Senior High School, C & E Publishing Inc. 2016, page 13.
- https://www.businesstopia.net/communication/aristotles-model-communication uploaded by Shraddha
Bajracharya titled “Aristotle’s Model of Communication” in Businesstopia on January 6, 2018
- https://www.businesstopia.net/communication/schramms-model-communication “Schramm’s Model
of Communication”

F. Evaluation
Task: Answer Checkpoint 1 on page 16 of your reference book. (10%)

Prepared by:

MENARD JONAS B. MESOGA, LPT

Subject Teacher, Oral Communication