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United States Patent: (12) (10) Patent N0.: US 6,243,379 B1
United States Patent: (12) (10) Patent N0.: US 6,243,379 B1
(54) CONNECTION AND PACKET LEVEL 5,793,763 * 8/1998 Mayes et a1. ...................... .. 370/389
MULTIPLEXING BETWEEN NETWORK 5,806,044 * 9/1998 Powell ................................. .. 705/14
LINKS
* cited by examiner
(75) Inventors: Mahesh Veerina; Suresh Gurajapu,
both of Sunnyvale; Raghu Bathina, _ _ _ _
Newark, an of CA (Us) Prznmry Examlner—Valenc1a Martin-Wallace
Assistant Exammer—K1m T.~ Nguyen .
(73) Assignee: Ramp Networks, Inc., Santa Clara, CA Attorney) Agent) 0" F1"m—FemandeZ & A5S0C1ate5>
(Us)
(*) Notice: This patent issued on a continued pros- (57) ABSTRACT
ecution appllcatiorl ?led under 37 CFR Router circuit, provides Internet protocol (IP) address trans
1~53(d)> and 1S sublefzt to the twenty year lation to enable connection or packet-level multiplexing
Pawnt term Provlslons of 35 USC over multiple single-user IP address account links.
154(21)(2)- Connection-level multiplexing (CLM) provide between
_ _ _ _ LAN and WAN addresses outbound packet transfer by
Sub]eCt_tO any dlsclalmeri the term of thls replacing private packet source IP address and port number
Patent 15 extended or adlusted under 35 With said external IP address port number, and inbound
U'S'C' 154(k)) by 0 days‘ packet transfer by replacing external packet destination IP
address and port number With private IP address and port
(21) APPL NO-I 08/835,072 number. Look-up table provides bi-directional translation or
(22) Filed A r 4 1997 effective multiplexing of IP addresses and port assignments
' p ' ’ for incoming or outgoing packets. Packet-level multiplexing
(51) Int. Cl.7 ................................................... .. H04L 12/28 (PLM) provides betWeen LANl and LAN2 addresses out
(52) U_S_ C]_ ________________ __ 370/389; 370/401 bound packet processing, Wherein destination IP address and
(58) Field of Search _________ __ 370/400, 389, port number are replaced With external IP address and port
370/401, 402, 404, 406, 408, 410; 395/2003, number, and inbound packet processing, Wherein source IP
200, 20079 address and port number are replaced With internal IP
address and port number. Link or port allocation are opti
( 56 ) References Cited miZable according to round-robin or bandWidth loading
al orithm.
U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS g
5,790,548 * 8/1998 SistaniZadeh et a1. ............. .. 370/401 14 Claims, 9 Drawing Sheets
|
T _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __1E____—VTT—M__M___________——___—________________l
1o \I \
4> IP Router 1
|
|
l| 14\ y 16 l8 50
| LAN
|
CLM
@T IP TTable
rans t a t'lOn <1: '"wming
Handler
[vi/2:1“
Interface
|
|
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I Outgoing
| Handler
|
|
| L
|
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|
|
1 WAN 26B WAN WAN
1 Ethernet Interface 1 Interface 2 Interface 3
1
|
Page 2 of 16
F5 Networks Ex. 1002
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36 38 40 ~
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Source IP Address Valid IP address and port Destination IP address
and port No. No. and port No.
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39 ' =
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PC Port WAN 1 Port ~Ul
LAN PC 1 IP WAN 1 IP Dest IP 1 HTTP Server
1025 4000 N
39 c
PC Port WAN 1 Port
c
LAN PC 2 IP WAN 2 IP Dest IP 2 HTTP Server '"""'
1025 4000
39
PC Port WAN 1 Port
LAN PC 1 IP WAN 1 IP Dest IP 3 FTP Server 'Jl
1026 4001
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=-
39 ~
PC Port WAN 1 Port .....
LAN PC 2 IP WAN 3 IP Dest IP 2 HTTP Server N
1026 4003 0.....,
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FIG. 2 'N
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Page 3 of 16
F5 Networks Ex. 1002
U.S. Patent Jun. 5, 2001 Sheet 3 0f 9 US 6,243,379 B1
42
Provide IP Routing
Facility f
i
Provide 1 or more
computers for LAN
coupling to the Internet
f4
l 46
Provide multiple WAN
Links for ISP single
user account couplings
f
l 48
Provide lP Translation
Table for Address and
Port Translation
f
1
Provide evaluation and
Internal to External
mapping per new
connection based on
CLM WAN link
I
assignment algorithm
l
Provide modification for
inbound and outbound
flows based on the
Translation Table
f
entries
FIG. 3
Receive Outbound
packet from Ethernet
interface
58
(J
Create new entry
Does the packet belong to an existing based on CLM WAN
connection in the Translation Table? link assignment
algorithm
Yes
i 60
Perform table look-up
to modify packet‘s 4
source IP Address to
the external IP Address
l
Also, modify the
packet‘s source Port to
the external Port I62
Number
l
Route the Packet to the
default WAN link I64
i
Send modified
outbound packet via
the CLM Mux out
through the appropriate
WAN Link based on
I66
the packets new
source IP Address
FIG. 4
Receive Inbound 68
packet from any WAN f
Interface
70 K52
Does the packet belong to an existing
No——>
Drop the
.
packet
.
connection in the Translation Table? as Invalid
Yes
i
Perform table look-up 74
to modify packet's f
destination IP Address
to the internal IP Address
l
Also, modify the
packet's destination I76
Port to the internal Port
Number
l
Route the Packet to the f 78
Ethernet link
i
Send modified inbound 8O
packet via the Ethernet f
interface to the LAN
computers
FIG. 5
86
K)
oes the packet belong to an existing
connection in the Translation Table?
N0—> Drop the packet
Yes
i
Perform table look-up
to modify packet's 88
destination IP Address I
to the remote
IP Address
l
Also, modify the
packet's destination I90
Port to the remote Port
Number
l
Route the Packet to the f 92
default WAN link
i
Send outbound packet [94
via the PLM stripping
algorithm out through
the appropriate WAN
Link
FIG. 6
Receive inbound f 96
packet from any WAN
Interface
100
98 /_/
Does the packet belong to an existing Create new entry with
connection in the Translation Table? No_’ New source IP as
Master's LAN lP
Yes
i
Perform table look-up 102
to modify packet's f
source IP Address
to the Master's LAN IP
Address
l
Also, modify the f104
packet's source Port to
the new Port Number
l
106
Route the Packet to the f
Ethernet link
l
Send modified inbound /108
packet via the Ethernet
Interface to the LAN
computers
FIG. 7
Receive Inbound
Packet from any WAN \ 110
Interface
FIG. 8
Receive Outbound
Packet from LAN
Interface
\114
FIG. 9