Math 301 Final Exam

Prof. Peter Jones

December 19, 2006

Try to give as much detail as possible in your answers. If you use a theorem,
state clearly which theorem you are using and show that the hypotheses of
that theorem apply.

1. a) State the Heine-Borel Theorem for ℝ2. (Don’t forget to state for which
sets it holds!)

b) Prove the H-B Theorem for the set [0,1]2. (This is the closed “unit
square.”) Note: In this problem you must give the “proof with open
sets.”

2. Let M be a metric space with metric d. In this problem you are not allowed
to assume that the metric space M is ℝ . (|x – y | = points off!)

a) Define what it means for a mapping F to be a contraction on M. (Be

sure to have all quantifiers in the correct order!)

b) State the Contraction Mapping Principle (CMP) for metric spaces.

( Don't forget any of the hypotheses. Also refer to part a! )

c) Suppose λ ≠ 1 is a complex number, and suppose m,n ∈ ℕ with m < n.

Write (but do not prove!) a formula (a ratio of two terms) for
λm + λm+1 + ……….. + λn .

d) Prove the CMP in the form stated in part b. You may use without proof
the equality that you state in part c. (You may assume that if C is any
real number and 0 ≤ λ < 1, then C λn → 0 as n → + ∞ .)
3. a) Give (with proof) an example of a function F on ℝ such that the
following properties hold:
i) F(x) is infinitely differentiable on ℝ.
ii) F is not equal to its MacLaurin series (the Taylor series for base
point zero).

n -t
(Hint: You may assume that for any integer n, t e → 0 as t → + ∞ .)

b) Prove that if F is continuous on [a,b] and K(x,y) is continuous on

[a,b] x [a,b], then

b
∫ K(x,y) F(y) dy
a

is continuous on [a,b]. (Hint: State and then apply a “big theorem”

about continuous functions on “ ……. ” sets.)

4. a) Prove that if s,t ∈ ℝ then |sin(s) – sin(t)| ≤ |s – t|.

b) Use problem 3b to prove that there is a continuous function F on [0,3]

such that for all x,

3
-3
F(x) = 27 cos(x3 ) + π ∫ y sin( xF(y) ) dy
0

(You may quote results that appear in problems preceding this one, but
you must PROVE that all hypotheses of those theorems are satisfied.
You may assume that sin, cos(x3 ) are continuous functions.
HINT: Use part a of this problem to verify that the hypotheses of one of
the “big” theorems is satisfied.)
5. a) Prove that if 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, then x/2 ≤ log(1 +x) ≤ x.

b) Prove using part a that if {an} is a sequence of POSITIVE numbers then

∞
∑ an converges if and only if
n=1
∞
∏ (1 + an ) converges.
n=1

6. a) True or false? For each w ∈ ℂ there is z ∈ ℂ such that cos(z) = w.

(Prove your answer.) Find all solutions when there are any.

b) Let f(p/q) = 1/q if the fraction p/q is in lowest form and f(x) = 0 for
irrational x. Prove that if x is IRRATIONAL, then f is continuous at x.