Pharmacology MUHS Questions

(2005-2015)

Paper I
General Pharmacology

SAQs

1. RoA(IM,SC - Examples, Adv/Disadv; Transdermal)

2. Plasma Half-life(Define, Significance with examples)
3. Prolonging Duration of Action(Factors)
4. Enzyme Induction(Explain with examples)
5. Drug Administration(Kinetics)
6. Antagonism(Examples, Types, Clinical Application, Features of competitive antagonism)
7. Tolerance(Tachyphylaxis/Tolerance; Definition, Reasons for its development)
8. Adverse Drug Reactions(Explain with examples)
9. Newer Drug Delivery Systems(Examples, Adv)

LAQs

1. Drug Excretion(Routes, Examples, Factors affecting)

2. Drug Interactions(Classify, Altered absorption with examples, Beneficial ones with examples)
3. Bioavailability(Factors affecting)
4. Biotransformation(Describe with reactions, Factors affecting, Changes occurring in the activity of
drug following transformation)
5. Prolonging Duration of Action(Factors)
6. Drug Actions(Mechanisms, Factors affecting, Influences of GI,Liver,Kidney diseases)
7. Receptors(Define, Mention any six receptors with agonist and antagonist and MoA of those
drugs)
8. Tolerance(Types, Mechanism, Examples, Cross Tolerance, Tissue Tolerance)
9. Dose(Factors modifying)
10. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring(Examples, Characteristics of drugs requiring TDM)
11. ADR(Define, TypeA/TypeB[with examples])
Autonomic Nervous System

SAQs

1. OP Poisoning(Drug Treatment)
2. Anti-Cholinesterase(Classify, Why are they classified as reversible and irreversible?; TU)
3. Mysthenia Gravis
4. Atropine(TU, Substitutes, Indications with DoC)
5. Adrenaline(Enumerate vasopressors[4], Why contra in hypotensive shock?; TU)
6. Glaucoma(Classify, Open Angle Treatment, Basis of each drug)
7. Beta-Blockers(Propanolol/Atenolol[8])
8. Alpha-Blockers(ADR, TU)

LAQ’s

1. Cholinergics(Classify, Neostigmine – Actions, TU)

2. OP Poisoning(Basis of each drug, Symptoms; General principles of acute poisoning treatment)
3. Anti-Cholinesterase(Classify, TU, Indications, ADR; Reversible – MoA, TU)
4. Atropine(TU, ADR, Substitutes)
5. Adrenergics(Classify, Adrenaline – TU, Actions, Precautions while administration)
6. Alpha-Blockers(Classify, TU, ADR)
7. Beta-Blockers(Classify, Indications for Propanolol, ADR)
8. Muscle Relaxants(Classify, MoA, Curare Alkaloids – TU, SuccinylCoA – MoA, TU, ADR)

Cardiovascular System

SAQs

1. CHF(Basis of Digoxin, Enalapril)

2. Anti-Anginal(Classify, GTN – MoA, Tolerance and Prevention, ADR)
3. Beta-Blockers(Role in angina, MI; TU other than HTN;)
4. ACE-Inhibitors(ADR; Enalapril/Losartan[MoA, TU, ADR])
5. CCB(Nifedepine/Verapamil;)
6. Hypertensive Crisis

LAQs

1. CHF(Classify, Pharmacotherapy; Basis of ACEI & Glycosides; Therapeutic Objectives)

2. ACE-Inhibitors(MoA, ADR, Indications, Interactions; Merits/Demerits; Preparations)
3. Anti-Arrythmia(Classify, Propranolol - MoA, TU)
4. Anti-Anginal(Combination Therapy, MoA of all drugs; GTN – TU, MoA, Contra, RoA)
5. Myocardial Infarction(Management)
6. Anti-HTN(Classify, ARBs – MoA, TU, Adv over ACEI; Drugs in DM with rational)
7. CCB(Classify, Actions, TU)
Blood & Blood Forming Organs

SAQs

1. Parenteral Iron(Preparations, Indications, ADR)

2. Oral Iron(Preparations, Indications, ADR)
3. Oral Anti-Coagulants(Classify, LMWHs – Adv, MoA, TU)
4. Anti-Platelet
5. Fibrinolytics(TU, Examples)
6. Hypolipidemic(Statins, Plasma Expanders - TU)

LAQs

1. Oral Iron(Preparations, Mechanism and Factors affecting iron absorption, ADR; Poisoning)
2. Thromobolytics( MoA, Alteplase /Streptokinase, Alteplase – ADR; Indications)

Gastrointestinal System

SAQs

1. Peptic Ulcer(Classify, Basis of Omeprazole in ZES)

2. Prokinetics(MoA, Enumerate)
3. Laxatives(Indications, Contra)

LAQs

1. Peptic Ulcer(Classify, MoA, ADR; Omeprazole – MoA, ADR; Treatment of H. pylori)

2. Anti-Diarrhoea(Principle of Treatment, Enumerate)
3. Purgatives(Indications, Contra, Classify, MoA)

Diuretics

SAQs

1. Furosemide(Basis in LVF; TU, ADR;)

2. Diuretics(TU, Complications)

LAQs

1. Furosemide(MoA, ADR, Actions, Indications; Basis in PE; Precations; TU)

2. Diuretics(Classify, TU, Complications)

Miscellaneous

SAQs

1. Chelating Agents(Enumerate, Dimercaprol, Desferroxamine)

2. Water-Soluble Vitamins(Indications; B-Complex - TU)
 3. Anti-Oxidants(Uses)
4. Vitamin A(TU, Dose)

LAQs

1. Alcohol Soluble Mineral Vitamins