Project Proposal

Course Code: CSE-418

Wireless Mobile Charger

Jerin Tasnim
Student Id : 171311048
th
Section: B, Semester: 10
Computer Science and Engineering
Varendra University

Submitted to
Arifa Ferdousi
Assistant Professor,
Computer Science and Engineering
Varendra University

Tuesday, 15 September 2020

 Introduction

If we are using an electronic device perhaps a mobile phone and we need to

recharge the battery then we will probably have to get a charger and connect the
phone to the wire. But what if we could charge it without having to connect it to
wire? Meaning power will be transferred wirelessly. This is possible through a
concept called Wireless mobile charger. Research and studies have been done
ever since the 19th century but it is only recently that this concept has begun to
be implemented. Currently engineers are trying to discover how to increase the
efficiency of power transmitted wirelessly and also methods that that are safe to
human beings and the environment and not with standing , methods that are
cheaper and hence can be commercially viable. Though still in the early stages,
several electronic companies are beginning to roll out devices that can
wirelessly transmit power.

Wireless mobile charger is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction.

Electromagnetic induction works on the concept of a primary coil generating a
predominantly magnetic field and a secondary coil being within that field so a
current is induced within its coils. This causes the relatively short range due to
the amount of power required to produce an electromagnetic field.

Aims and Objectives

Aims

The project seeks to eliminate the use of wires in the transmission of power
from the source to the device to be powered. Although it is based on
electromagnetic induction, there are various methods that are used. Some are
less efficient than others and costly while others don’t allow for a longer range
of transmission. In this project, it is required to design and construct an
electronic device that shall transmit power within a small range. The device can
then be used to charge batteries. In the project a suitable method will be used to
ensure that enough power is transmitted wirelessly so that it can then charge
batteries.
The major challenge will be in the coupling circuit which comprises of the coils
where electromagnetic induction occurs. The number of turns of the coil,
inductance.

Objectives

The project will be divided into the following specific objectives that will aid in
achieving the main objective design and assemble a power supply unit. Develop
transmitter and receiver coils. Design the receiver module and rectify the ac
voltage received on the receiver coil. Designing a battery charging circuit.

Problem Statement

People use gadgets to improve their daily routine work every day. The gadget is
using the power socket as their power supply. If they use many gadgets in their
daily life, then this may be the reason for lack of power socket. Nowadays
people are using smartphones to make their living easier. The problem they are
experiencing is the rapidly dissolving smartphones using multi applications on
standby time or standby batteries. Wireless power transfer was invented by
Nikola Tesla in 1839. Vacuum bulbs without using the cable. Wireless power
transfer resonance is used for power exchange through coil. Figure shows the
comparison of using wire charging and wireless power transfer charging.

Figure : Comparison of using wire charging and wireless power transfer charging.
The difference is the wireless power transfer charging is more tidy and
manageable, it also make user more comfortable to using smartphone without
charging using wires. The problem needs be highlighted in this project, where
wireless power transfers can be transferred to a long range or only for a short
range. Then, the power of wireless power transfer can be effective from the
components used in the coil. Wireless power transfer needs to be implemented
in our lives. It will make people use gadget for better life. In this project, a test
can be used analytical and proven wireless power transfer and get wireless
power transfer skills. On the other hand, we need to consider the health
conditions of radio radiation handover.

Methodology

This topic will consist:

i. Project flow chart
ii. Case study wireless power transfer using magnetic resonance coupled
iii. Experiment on wireless power transfer coils
iv. Develop the system and validate the performance
v. Analyze result
vi. Result and analysis

Tools and Equipment Used

This section explains the methods used in the designing and constructing of the
device; the components used and a list of various tools and equipment used.
Several tests are done on both the software and hardware parts.
Troubleshooting of the designed wireless mobile charger is carried out.

Several tools and equipment were used during the design and construction of
this project. Some of these tools and equipment and how they proved useful are
explained below.
 Set of screw drivers:
The screwdrivers were used to tighten and loosen screws.
 Magnifying glass:
The magnifying glass was used in identifying the colour coding of resistors and
also aided in soldering.
 Soldering iron and soldering iron stand:
The soldering iron was used to melt lead to enable soldering of components.
The soldering iron heats to a high temperature which posed danger so the
soldering stand was used to contain it while it was hot to prevent danger.
 Soldering iron sucker:
The soldering iron sucker was used to dis-solder the lead
from the PCB.
 Multimeter:
This is an electronic measuring instrument which combines several electrical
measurement functions into one unit. It is used to measure voltages (volts),
currents (amperes), resistances (ohms), and also to check continuity of the
circuit. It was also used to test components such as the fuses and continuity in
the cables used.
 Oscilloscope:
The oscilloscope is an instrument used to display and analyze the waveform of
electronic signal.

Hardware Components:

Serial No. Name

1 Printed Circuit Board
2 Transistors
3 LED
4 Capacitor
5 Voltage regulator IC
6 Resistor
7 Diode
8 Coil
9 USB Connector
10 High Frequency Transformer

Circuit Diagram & Principle

Wireless Power Transfer Theory:

This chapter elaborates on the method of wireless power transfer that was
selected which is inductive coupling. The concept of transmitting power
wirelessly is based on electromagnetic fields, precisely due to electromagnetic
induction. Biot-Savart's law, which is similar to Coulomb's law, states that the
magnetic field intensity dHat r due to current element / d\ at r' is dR. It gives the
relation between the magnetic field and magnitude, direction, proximity and
length of the electric current by which it has been generated.

Where R is the full displacement vector from the current source to the field point,
Idl is the infinitesimal current source point in the wire. A magnetic field of B(r) is
produced by the copper coil. The magnitude of the magnetic field is affected by r
which is the distance from the center of the coil to the field point. The strength of
magnetic field B is proportional to the current I in the coil. Supposing two copper
laminated coils are placed within the near the field region while aligned together
side by side a magnetic field is generated. This however only occurs provided the
transmitter coil is powered and the current flowing through it alternating current.
This magnetic field that has been generated by the TX coil at the point x which is
on the RX coil is thus going to be given by:

Where N is the number of turns of the coil, I is the transmitter inductor current, a is the radius
of the TX coil while d is the distance of separation between the TX and RX coil. The
magnetic flux that will pass through the Rx coil will be given by:
This clearly shows that the voltage induced to the secondary coil depends on the current and
voltage in the primary coil, the frequency of the current and voltage in the primary coil, the
separation distance between the coils and the surface area of the coils. The resulting two coil
coupling system is depicted below.

Here C1 and C2 are tuning capacitors, L1 and L2 are coupled inductors with mutual
inductance M, R1 and R2 represent parasitic resistances (loss resistances in the inductors), d
is the distance between the coils and V1 and V2 are input and output voltages. The output
power of the second coil can be defined as:

Where the operating frequency of the system, RL is load resistance. Thus the overall efficiency of
the system depends only on the transmission frequency, mutual inductance, coils’ parasitic
resistances and load resistance Quality factor (Q factor) which is defined as the ratio of the
inductance to the resistance of the coil determines the energy transmitted and overall
efficiency of the system. A higher Q factor means a lower energy loss and so better
transmission efficiency. Usually Q factor has values from 0 up to 1000 for WPT coils. It is
define as

Where L is the inductance of the coil, R is its resistance and is the operating frequency of the
system. Obviously, Q factor increases when the operating frequency increases. reaches its
peak values, it will decrease as the operating frequency continues to rise. higher Q factor
means a narrower band-width, which results in dropped coupling efficiency and the need of a
tuning circuit. The maximum transfer efficiency is defined by:

Where k is the coupling factor between two coils, Q1and Q2are the quality factors of the
transmitter and receiver coils. Consequently, in order to reach the maximum efficiency,
developers should optimize the coupling and quality factors of their systems.
Circuit Diagram :

Transmitter circuit

Receiver Circuit
Wireless Mobile Charger Circuit Principle:

This circuit mainly works on the principle of mutual inductance. Power is

transferred from transmitter to the receiver wirelessly based on the principle of
“inductive coupling”.

Inductance is the property of the conductor, in which the current flowing in a

conductor induces a voltage or electromotive force in it or in another nearby
conductor. There are two types inductance. 1) Self inductance 2) Mutual
Inductance.

“Mutual inductance” is the phenomena in which, when a current carrying

conductor is placed near another conductor voltage is induced in that conductor.
This is because, as the current is flowing in the conductor, a magnetic flux is
induced in it. This induced magnetic flux links with another conductor and this
flux induces voltage in the second conductor. Thus two conductors are said to
be inductively coupled.

Time frame:
Phase Goals Deadline
Phase One Submit proposal 05.08.2020

Phase Two Initial Study 18.09.2020

Phase Three Requirement Analysis 28.09.2020

Requirement
Phase Four Specification 18.10.2020

Phase Five Implementation 18.12.2020

Phase Six Complete project 28.01.2021

submission

Phase Seven Book submission 18.02.2021

References

1. “A Text Book Of Electrical Technology”, B.L.THERAHA, A.K.THERAJA, S.

Chand & Company Ltd, Ramnagar, New Delhi-I 10055. Edition 2000, Volume-IV

2. “Hand Book of Electronics”, Dr.S.L.GUPTA, Dr. V.KUMAR Pragatiprakashan,

Meerut.

3. “Principles of Electronics”, V.K. METHA, S.Chand& Company Ltd, Ramnagar, New

Delhi-I 1005.

4. https://www.engineersgarage.com/articles/wireless-power-transmission
5. https://www.wirelesspowerconsortium.com/technology/how-it-works.html
6. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_power_transfer
7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eu_9QrWD0Q0&t=269s
8. https://spectrum.ieee.org/transportation/mass-transit/a-critical-look-at-wireless-power