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Refrigeration & Air-Conditioning Interview & Viva Questions With Answers
Refrigeration & Air-Conditioning Interview & Viva Questions With Answers
producing cold by extracting heat from a body or space and heat thus removed is
b. A pump or Compressor
Ans : As Power Unit of mechanical devices is given by H.P , for electrical equipment
” Tonnes of Refrigeration” .
Ans: One Tonne of Refrigeration means machine is capable of removing heat from a
body equal to the heat absorbed by one tonne of ice when it melts from 0 ° C to 0 ° C
judged the efficiency of the engine. That is – Efficiency = Work Done / Heat
Supplied .
And in case of refrigeration the process is first reversed that is we have to supply
work to obtain lower temperature or say for that removal of heat. Thus performance
Where – N = The rate of heat abstracted from the body in given time technically
Theoretical COP .
systems.
Newtons Law of Viscosity states that : the shear stress on the fluid is proportional to
Newtonian fluid : Water, air etc. Non-Newtonian Fluid : blood, tar , paste etc.
What is Pump? What is turbine? / What is the difference between turbine and
pump?
answer: Pump is a device which transfers mechanical energy to fluid. Turbine does
the opposite. It transfers flow energy of the fluid to the mechanical energy.
<Re<4000 then the flow is transient and if Re>4000 then the flow is turbulent .
water then water will start to boil and create water bubbles and it will spoil the
K.E and Pressure in the fluid increases and a negative pressure is developed in the
suction side of the impeller . So water/fluid flows continuously through the impeller.
But when the pipe is filled with air , the impeller rotates but the pressure difference
is negligible as a result no water flows through the pump. Thats why priming is done.
temp source medium. In Heat pump external work is needed to transfer energy from
but in reaction turbine a part of the pressure energy is converted to kinetic energy
What is NPSH?
Answer: NPSH = Net Positive Suction Head. It is the measure of minimum pressure
which is required at the suction pipe to keep the pump from cavitation.
temperature medium with the help of external work. It’s unit is ton of refrigeration.
What is COP ?
answer: COP = Co-efficient of Performance . It is used to measure the performance
What is BTU ?
answer: BTU = British Thermal Unit ; 1 BTU is the amount of heat required to raise
What is sub-cooling and super heating in refrigeration system ? Why these are
used ?
answer: Sub-cooling or under cooling is done before throttling or expanding the
Super-heating is done before compression and it ensures that no liquid enters the
compressor.
Draw the T-S diagram and schematic arrangement of reversed Carnot Cycle
and Reversed Rankin Cycle in a basic vapor compression refrigeration system.
Draw the T-S, P-h diagram of refrigeration system with sub-cooling and
super-heating in vapor compression refrigeration system .
answer: T-S and P-h diagram with subcooling and superheating.
measure the temperature difference in double pipe heat exchangers. The more the
requirements :
For doing so the condenser temperature must be below than the saturation temp.
Cooling tower is the device in which recirculating condenser water is cooled by the
What is a chiller ?
answer: Chiller is a device / machine for cooling something.
Mechanical engineers ! The third part is coming up very soon. So stay with basic
Answer : A fluid is a substance which always responses to shear stress and doesn’t
have any definite shape. It may or may not have any definite volume.
Answer : When a fluid is flowing around an object or flowing through an object, the
flow may be smooth or may be distorted. The smoother flow occurs due to low
velocity and distorted flow occurs due to high velocity. This low velocity smoother
flow is called laminar flow and distorted flow is called turbulent flow.
Answer : Buoyancy is the upward force which is felt on an object simply immersed
into a fluid.
Answer : Compressibility is the property of those fluids which doesn’t have any fixed
density.
Answer : Flow property means the responsiveness of the fluid to the shear stress.
Answer : No-slip condition occurs at the microscopic level where the fluid is flowing
on a solid surface and the velocity of the fluid is zero at the contact surface .
Answer : In SI – Kg (m.s) . In CGS slug (ft.s) . The values of viscosity is often very
small so for that reason a more reasonable unit is used which is called cP or
centipoise.
Ans :
Ans : It is not because adiabatic processes are not possible to obtain due to losses in
Ans: For cooling purpose it is necessary to reject more heat than the heat absorbed.
Why Copper is not used in ammonia refrigeration system ? / Which metal is used in
Ans : Heat pumps gives heat by taking work input on the other hand refrigerator
Show the Practical Refrigeration Cycle With T-S and P-h diagram with Subcooling
Ans : Please Follow This Link : T-S and P-h Diagram with Subcooling and
Superheating for VC
Ans : The starting point of compression in the T-S diagram determines the final state
of vapor after compression. If the final state of vapor is dry and saturated then the
compression is known as wet compression and if the final state of vapor is super
The refrigerant enters as a vapor in compressor from the evaporator. If the vapor
draw into the compressor is drier than the initial condition on the same pressure
undercooling is done ?
where the liquid refrigerant is allowed to cool below the saturation temperature.
Subcooling is done by circulating greater amount of cooling agent i.e water through
Ans: Smaller size for a given refrigeration effect , Higher COP, Lower power
Refrigeration System ?
Ans : These two refrigeration systems are different in power consumption, COP,
Mechanical parts, Performance while load variation etc. For more information go
Engineering Mechanics
contact surface. This friction force creates a resistance. The maximum value of this
Ans : Center of Gravity or CG is the point where the whole mass of a body acts
Ans :
Semi-circle : at a distance 4r/3π from the base. (measured along the vertical radius)
hemisphere : at a distance 3r/8 from the base. (measured along the vertical radius)
right circular solid cone : h/4 from base from the vertical axis.
Fluid Mechanics
Ans : These are pressure measuring devices for liquid. To measure the pressure in a
point in the liquid manometers balance the liquid column to another column or the
2. Differential manometer.
Ans : Simple Manometers are used to measure 1. high pressure of liquids 2. pressure
Differential manometers are used for measuring pressure difference between two
points in a pipe .
Thermodynamics
Ans: Boiler trial helps to determine the generating capacity and thermal efficiency of
the boilers. Heat balance sheet can be made by the boiler trial .
Ans : Otto Cycle, Diesel Cycle, Stirling Cycle, Joule or Brayton Cycle, Carnot Cycle,
Welcome to the sixth part of sixth part of basic mechanical questions. These
questions are useful for interview purpose and also for written exams. Hope you will
are blowers which supplies extra air to the engine. As a result engine gets useful
The main difference between the devices is that turbocharger uses exhaust heat from
the exhaust gases as a power source. But Supercharger uses a part of the engine
power to run. Turbocharger is not directly connected to the engine. It decreases the
carbon emission because it has smog altering system. Supercharger on the other
hand is connected to the engine with the help of a belt. It produces smog.
centrifugal pump flow rate varies with the change of pressure/pressure head. But in
positive displacement pump the flow rate is always the same whether there is a
Why more lubricating oil is needed in two-stroke engines than four stroke
engines ?
Ans : In two stroke engine the lubricant is mixed with the fuel. As a result some of
the lub oil is blown out with the process of scavenging and getting fresh charge. This
cylinder.
What is the main difference between petrol engine and diesel engine ?
Ans: In petrol engine the ignition is initiated by the spark plug but in diesel engine
the fuel and air mixture auto-ignites after reaching a certain temperature.
Crossflow Scavenging: In Crossflow scavenging the inlet port and the outlet port is
situated in the opposite sides in the engine cylinder. This type of scavenging is used
in 2 stroke engines.
Back flow or loop Scavenging: In this type of scavenging the inlet and outlet port are
Uniflow Scavenging: In this method the fresh charge can enter through one or two
Answer: Higher Heating Value – 52300 kJ/kg or 12500 kcal /kg . Lower Heating
hoop stress are observed in the cylinder. Hoop Stress is the circumferential normal
stress developed at the tangential direction. Hoop stress acts towards the
σl = p d / 4 t.
d = internal diameter
t = thickness
compressed in the direction of the stress (tensile force or compressive force). But it
will also get thicket or thinner in the transverse direction. The ratio of this change in
the length (breadth for rectangular shape and dia for the circular bar) in the
direction perpendicular to the force and the original length is known as lateral
strain.
What are the differences between elbows and bend? Which has greater head losses?
Answer: Bend and elbow are used for changing the direction of the flow and is
attached with the piping system. Bends are simply bends they are generally custom
made. On the other hand elbows are well defined engineered bends. Elbows can be
Using Elbows or bends will cause some head losses which is known is minor head
loss. If the flow is turbulent in the pipe lines then elbows will have greater head
losses than bends. Because in bends it takes lesser time for the fluid to take the
turns.
Answer: The main function of the flywheel is to store kinetic energy in the form of
moment of inertia. It also reduces the vibration in the engine and produces an even
a point in the fluid stream where the diameter of the stream is minimum and
velocity is maximum. In this place we find the least cross sectional area. This is
Petrol engine is spark ignition and Diesel engine is compression ignition. Petrol
But the difference between them which is visible practically is the presence of spark
plug on the petrol engine. Diesel engine doesn’t have a spark plug it has an atomizer.
bituminous, Bituminous and Anthracite. Peat has the lowest rankings and
of the carbon increase from 75% to 93 % and the hydrogen content decreases from
20 % to 3 %
Give the Equation of generator that includes pole numbers, frequency and
synchronous speed generator.
Answer: N = 120f / P (N = synchronous speed, P = No of poles, f = Frequency)
Draw schematic diagram of air standard gas turbine with regeneration. Show
the T-s Diagram.
Answer: Please follow this link. Gas Turbine Cycle with reheat , regeneration and
intercooling
detrimental for the boiler material. Dissolved gases in the boiler feedwater can be of
corrosive nature. In these cases deaerator can be proved very useful. Deaerators are
the devices that remove dissolved gases from the boiler feed water. Corrosion can be
minimized by reducing the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide to a level where the
Hope these basic mechanical engineering interview questions will help you . Stay