BAPATLA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

(Autonomous)

COURSE PLAN
1. Department Electronic and Instrumentation Engineering

2. Program B.Tech

3. Semester/Year IVth Semester / IInd Year

4. Course title /code Signals and Systems. 14EI406

Problem solving thinking , Basic knowledge of

5. Prerequisite – Code and Title Integration, Differentiation, Complex Numbers and
Engineering Mathematics.

6. Number of hours tuition 60

7. Date of Preparation 04-11-2018

8. No of periods and tutorials per week 4 periods and 1 tutorial

9. Course Objectives
1. To understand the basic properties of signal & systems and the various methods of classification
2. To learn Laplace Transform & Fourier transform and their properties
3. To characterize LTI systems in the Time domain and various Transform domains.
4. To understand the noise and its effect on various systems used in instrumentation.
5. To apply the concept of probability concepts to study the behavior os the systems.

10. Course Outcomes

Upon the completion of the course, students will be able to:
1. Analyze the properties of signals & systems by using Fourier transform techniques.
2. Analyze continuous time LTI systems using Fourier Transforms.
3. Analyze the circuits prone to noise and develop solution to design noiseless systems.
4. Use the concept of probability analyses on systems and to develop solutions.

11. Correlation between course and program outcomes

Program Out
comes 

PO-1 PO-2 PO-3 PO-4 PO-5 PO-6 PO-7 PO-8 PO-9 PO-10 PO-11 PO-12
Course Outcomes

CO-1 √ √ √

CO-2 √ √ √ √

CO-3 √ √ √ √ √

CO-4 √ √ √ √ √
12. Syllabus :
UNIT – I
SIGNAL ANALYSIS: Introduction to signals and systems, Classification of signals and systems (both discrete
and continuous); Approximation of a function by a set of mutually orthogonal functions, Evaluation of mean
square error, Orthogonality in complex functions, Trigonometric and Exponential Fourier series, Representation
of a periodic function by Fourier series, Fourier transform, Properties of Fourier transforms, Fourier transform
of simple functions. Sampling theorem - statement and proof, Aliasing.

UNIT – II
SIGNAL TRANSMISSION THROUGH LINEAR NETWORKS: Linear time-invariant system, Time
response, Convolution and it’s graphical interpretation, Causality and stability, Paley-Wiener criterion,
Frequency response, Filter characteristics of linear systems, Conditions for distortionless transmission, Relation
between bandwidth and rise time.
SPECTRAL DENSITY AND CORRELATION: Energy and power spectral density, Properties, Auto-
correlation and Cross-correlation functions, Properties of correlation function, Parseval’s theorem.

UNIT – III
NOISE: Sources of Noise, Thermal Noise, Noise power spectral density, Noise calculation, Multiple sources-
Superposition Of power spectra, Noise calculations in Passive circuits, Equivalent noise bandwidth, Noise-
Figure of an amplifier, Power density and available power density, Effective input noise temperature, Effective
noise temperature, Noise Figure in terms of available gain, Cascaded stages, Measurement of Noise Figure

UNIT – IV
PROBABILITY& RANDOM VARIABLES: Definition of probability, Axioms of probability, Joint
probability, Conditional probability, Total probability, Bayes theorem, Independent events, Random variables,
discrete and continuous, Probability Distribution Function, Probability Density Function, Guassian Random
variable, Conditional distribution and density functions, Mean ,Variance and standard deviation of a random
variable, Characteristic function.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. B P Lathi, Signals, Systems and Communications, BSP, 2003

2. P.Z Peebles, Jr, Probability, random variables and random signal principles, TMH.
3. Simon Haykin, Signals and Systems, John Wiley, 2004

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. A V Oppenheim, A S Wilsky and IT Young, Signals and Systems, PHI/ Pearson,
2003.
2. David K Cheng, Analysis of Linear Systems, Narosa Publishers, 1990.

13. Teaching – Learning Methods

1. Black board teaching

2. Power point presentations
3. Demonstrations through simulation using MATLAB
4. Problem solving training through MATAB.

14. Assessment Methods

1. Question and answers in class room,

2. Quizzes
3. Seminars
4. Home assignments
5. Assignments
6. Mid examination
Learning level : L1 = High, L2 : Medium L3: Low

Learning out comes :

UNIT – 1
SIGNAL ANALYSIS: Introduction to signals and systems, Classification of signals and systems (both discrete
and continuous); Approximation of a function by a set of mutually orthogonal functions, Evaluation of mean
square error, Orthogonality in complex functions, Trigonometric and Exponential Fourier series, Representation
of a periodic function by Fourier series, Fourier transform, Properties of Fourier transforms, Fourier transform
of simple functions. Sampling theorem - statement and proof, Aliasing.
WEEK – 1

Introduction to signals and systems, Classification of signals and systems (both

1.1 Periods Level
discrete and continuous);

1.1.1 Introduction to signals and their representation 1 3

1.1.2. Introduction to systems and classifications 1 3

1.1.3. Classification of signals (discrete and continuous) 1 3

1.1.4. Classification of systems (discrete and continuous) 1 3

AAT – 1 Quiz test on the topics covered for 10 Marks

WEEK – 2

Approximation of a function by a set of mutually orthogonal functions, Evaluation of

1.2. Periods Level
mean square error, Orthogonality in complex functions

1.2.1. Approximation of a function and Orthogonality of functions 2 3

1.2.2. Evaluation of mean square error 1 2

1.2.3. Problems on error evaluation in function representation 1 2

1.2.4. Orthogonality in complex functions and problems 1 2

AAT – 2 Problem solving test on the topics covered for 10 Marks

WEEK – 3

Trigonometric and Exponential Fourier series, Representation of a periodic function

1.3. Period Level
by Fourier series

1.3.1. Trigonometric Fourier series & Exponential Fourier Series 2 3

1.3.2. Problem solving 1 2

1.3.3. Representation of Periodic functions using Fourier Series 2 2

1.3.4. Problem solving 1 2

AAT – 3 Home assignments test on problem solving over

the topics covered for 10 Marks
 WEEK – 4

Fourier transform, Properties of Fourier transforms, Fourier transform of simple

1.4. Period Level
functions. Sampling theorem - statement and proof, Aliasing.

1.4.1. Fourier transform theory and analysis 2 3

1.4.2. Functions and their Fourier transform 1 2

1.4.3. Sampling theorem 1 2

1.4.4. Aliasing theory and problems 1 2

AAT – 4 Home assignments test on problem solving over

the topics covered for 10 Marks
UNIT – II
SIGNAL TRANSMISSION THROUGH LINEAR NETWORKS: Linear time-invariant system, Time
response, Convolution and it’s graphical interpretation, Causality and stability, Paley-Wiener criterion,
Frequency response, Filter characteristics of linear systems, Conditions for distortionless transmission, Relation
between bandwidth and rise time.
SPECTRAL DENSITY AND CORRELATION: Energy and power spectral density, Properties, Auto-
correlation and Cross-correlation functions, Properties of correlation function, Parseval’s theorem.
Linear time-invariant system, Time response, Convolution and it’s graphical
2.1. Periods Level
interpretation, Causality and stability, Paley-Wiener criterion

2.1.1. Linear time invariant system, Time response 1 3

2.1.2. Convolution and it’s graphical interpretation, 2 2

2.1.3. Causality and stability, Paley-Wiener criterion 2 2

AAT – 5 quiz test on topics covered for 10 Marks

Frequency response, Filter characteristics of linear systems, Conditions for
2.2.
distortion less transmission, Relation between bandwidth and rise time.
Periods Level

2.2.1. Frequency response, Filter characteristics of linear systems, 2 3

2.2.2. Conditions for distortion less transmission 1 2

2.2.3. Relation between bandwidth and rise time. 1 2

AAT – 6 Home assignments test on problem solving over

the topics covered for 10 Marks

2.3. Energy and power spectral density, Properties, Periods Level

2.3.1. Energy spectral density and problems 2 2

2.3.2. Power spectral density and problems 2 2

AAT – 7 problem solving exercise over the topics covered for 10 Marks
 Auto-correlation and Cross-correlation functions, Properties of correlation
2.4. Periods Level
function, Parseval’s theorem.

2.4.1. Auto-correlation and Cross-correlation functions 2 2

2.4.2. Properties of correlation function, 1 2

2.4.3. Parseval’s theorem. 1 3

AAT – 8 Home assignments test on problem solving over

the topics covered for 10 Marks