FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA - UBA / SECRETARÍA DE INVESTIGACIONES / ANUARIO DE INVESTIGACIONES / VOLUMEN XVIII

CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA TRAYECTORIA EDUCATIVA:

EL INICIO DEL CICLO SECUNDARIO, ¿INSERCIÓN O EXCLUSIÓN?,
¿OPORTUNIDAD O REPRODUCCIÓN?
THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE EDUCATIONAL TRAJECTORY: THE BEGINNING OF SECONDARY
SCHOOL, INCLUSION OR EXCLUSION?, AN OPPORTUNITY OR A REPRODUCTION?
!"#$"%$&'(!)$)*+',!-.!/!&'0)1)/!)+'2!$!34&'(!#.%+'5%/)"1-!&'6-)7!#/)+'
8!9)-%/)&'8%7:%+'8!9#-%&';%-#$)+'27<=)-7>&'?%<)$$)@

!"#$!%& '(") '*)&

!" #$%&'()# *&" &+',*(# &+ -.-"(/-0 10#2&+#+ +,$%&'()#+ 3,&
+& 4#)("(/-. &. -*#"&+2&.'&+ 3,& (.(2(-. &" 10(4&0 -5# *&"
2(2"# +&2,.*-0(#6 3,(&.&+ 1-0'(2(1-0#. *&" 70#80-4- 9:#;
4&./-.*# "- &+2,&"- +&2,.*-0(-<6 0&-"(/-*# &. '0&+ &+;
2,&"-+ 1=$"(2-+ *&" >(.(+'&0(# *& !*,2-2(?. *&" @:ABC !"
70#80-4- -1,.'? - $0(.*-0"&+ ,. -1#D# &. &+'- '0-.+(;
2(?.6 10#4#)&0 "- 0&E&F(?. -2&02- *&" +&.'(*# *& "- &+2,&;
"- 1-0- &""#+ D -D,*-0"#+ &. "- 2#.+'0,22(?. *& +, '0-D&2;
'#0(- &*,2-'()-C G-+ -2'()(*-*&+ 2#.+(+'(&0#. &. '0&+
'-""&0&+ *,0-.'& &" -5# ;-" (.(2(#6 &. "- 4('-* D -" H.-" *&"
IJKJ;6 0&-"(/-*#+ 2#. 2-*- ,.# *& "#+ 80,1#+;2"-+&6 2#;
#0*(.-*#+ 1#0 1+(2?"#8#+ #0(&.'-*#0&+C G#+ 0&+,"'-*#+
1&04('&. 0&2#.#2&0 0&10&+&.'-2(#.&+6 &F1&2'-'()-+ D '&;
4#0&+ *& "#+ -",4.#+6 '-"&+ 2#4# "-+ *(H2,"'-*&+ &. &"
)L.2,"# 2#. "#+ 10#M&+#0&+ D &" 4(&*# - M0-2-+-0C G- 4-;
D#0L- &F10&+? +-'(+M-22(?. 2#. "- #0(&.'-2(?.6 3,& "&+
1&04('(? 0&E&F(#.-0 +#$0& +,+ M#0'-"&/-+6 "#+ #$+'N2,"#+ -
&.M0&.'-0 D "-+ &+'0-'&8(-+ - 2#.+'0,(0C
PR& -(4 #M 'R(+ +',*D (+ '# -.-"D/& +,$%&2'()& 10#2&++&+
'R-' #22,0 (. -*#"&+2&.'+ +'-0'(.8 +&2#.*-0D +2R##" 'R-'
R-)& 1-0'(2(1-'&* (. 'R& 9A&8(..(.8 S&2#.*-0D S2R##"<
10#80-46 2-00(&* #,' (. 'R0&& 1,$"(2 +2R##"+ ,.*&0 'R& *(;
0&2'(#. #M 'R& @:AB >(.(+'0D #M !*,2-'(#.C PR& 10#80-4
M#2,+&+ #. 10#)(*(.8 +,11#0' *,0(.8 'R(+ '0-.+('(#.6 &.;
2#,0-8(.8 0&E&2'(#. #. TR-' 8&''(.8 -. &*,2-'(#. 4&-.+
-.* R&"1(.8 +',*&.'+ 2#.+'0,2' 'R&(0 &*,2-'(#.-" '0-%&2;
'#0DC B2'()('(&+ (.2",*&* 'R0&& T#0U+R#1+ T('R &-2R 2"-++
80#,1 2##0*(.-'&* $D 8,(*-.2& 1+D2R#"#8(+'+6 #.& -' 'R&
$&8(..(.86 #.& (. 'R& 4(**"&6 -.* #.& -' 'R& &.* #M IJKJC
PR& 0&+,"'+ -""#T&* ,+ '# 0&2#8.(/& +',*&.'+V 0&10&+&.'-;
'(#.+6 &F1&2'-'(#.+ -.* M&-0+6 +,2R -+ TR&'R&0 'R& 0&"-;
'(#.+R(1 T('R '&-2R&0+ T#,"* $& *(MH2,"' -.* R#T (.'&.+&
T-+ 'R& M&-0 #M M-(",0&C >#+' +',*&.'+ &F10&++&* +-'(+M-2;
'(#. T('R 'R& #0(&.'-'(#.6 TR(2R 8-)& 'R&4 -. #11#0',.('D
'# 'R(.U -$#,' 'R&(0 +'0&.8'R+6 'R& #$+'-2"&+ 'R&D M-2&*6
-.* 1#++($"& +'0-'&8(&+ '# 2#.+'0,2' M#0 #)&02#4(.8 'R&4C

7-"-$0-+ 2"-)&O W&D T#0*+O

P0-.+(2(?. ; !+2,&"- +&2,.*-0(- ; Q0(&.'-2(?. ; P0-D&2'#0(- P0-.+('(#. ; S&2#.*-0D +2R##" ; @,(*-.2& ; !*,2-'(#.-"
&*,2-'()- '0-%&2'#0D

*
(%71%-)'A#'/)'B$!9#-"!A)A'A#'C3#$%"' !-#"&'D-#)'5"!7%/%.:)E'(!-#71%-)'A#/'5-%F#71%'BC GFH'5IJK'LMA37)7!N$'O)-)'/)'P-!#$1)7!N$'F'G%$"Q
1-377!N$'A#'5-%F#71%"'#'RA#$1!A)A'5#-"%$)/'A#'/%"'?N9#$#"S'T5-%.-)U)7!N$'@IIVQ@I*IWE'5-%X#"%-)'H!13/)-'MUY-!1)'A#'/)'B$!9#-"!A)A'A#'C3#$%"'
!-#"E'MQU)!/Z')!"#$"%$[O"!E3\)E)-
@
;!7E'#$'5"!7%/%.:)E'R$9#"1!.)A%-#"'BC GFHE'(%7#$1#"'#$'/)'5-D71!7)'5-%X#"!%$)/'P-!#$1)7!N$',%7)7!%$)/'F'P73O)7!%$)/E'])73/1)A'A#'5"!7%/%Q
.:)&'B$!9#-"!A)A'A#'C3#$%"' !-#"E

DE LA PÁGINA 133 A LA 141 133

CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA TRAYECTORIA EDUCATIVA: EL INICIO DEL CICLO SECUNDARIO, ¿INSERCIÓN O EXCLUSIÓN?, ¿OPORTUNIDAD O REPRODUCCIÓN?
THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE EDUCATIONAL TRAJECTORY: THE BEGINNING OF SECONDARY SCHOOL, INCLUSION OR EXCLUSION?, AN OPPORTUNITY OR A REPRODUCTION?
Aisenson, Diana; Virgili, Natalia; Siniuk, Diego; Polastri, Graciela; Rivarola, Rocío; Rivero, Lorena; Schwarcz, Johanna
+%) ,-#**+.%
!+'& &+',*(# M#04- 1-0'& *&" 10#D&2'# *& (.)&+'(8-2(?.
9!*,2-2(?. 1-0- "- Q0(&.'-2(?.O 70#D&2'#+ D 2#.+'0,22(?.
(*&.'('-0(- *& %?)&.&+ &+2#"-0(/-*#+< X7JYZ 70#80-4-;
2(?. [AB:DP IJJ\;IJKJ]C ^,&+'0- "L.&- *& (.)&+'(8-2(?.
-$#0*- "- '0-D&2'#0(- &*,2-'()- *& "#+ %?)&.&+ D +,+ '0-.;
+(2(#.&+_ &. &+'- 10&+&.'-2(?. &.M#2-4#+6 &. 1-0'(2,"-06
&" 10(4&0 -5# *& "- &+2,&"- +&2,.*-0(-C
S&8=. "-+ &+'-*L+'(2-+ &*,2-'()-+6 &" M0-2-+# &+2#"-0 2#;
4(&./- - 0&8(+'0-0+& &. 1-0'(2,"-0 &. &" 10(4&0 -5# *& "-
&+2,&"- +&2,.*-0(-6 0&+,"'-.*# 10#$"&4N'(2- "- '0-.+(2(?.
*& "#+ -",4.#+ *&" .()&" 10(4-0(# -" .()&" +&2,.*-0(#C !+'&
1-+-%& (41"(2- "- +#2(-"(/-2(?. &. "- .,&)- 2,"',0- (.+'(',;
2(#.-"C `.80&+-0 - "- &+2,&"- +&2,.*-0(- +,1#.& 1-0- "#+
-",4.#+ -M0#.'-0 *()&0+#+ 2-4$(#+O -] ,.- &+'0,2',0-
2,00(2,"-0 .,&)- D *()&0+(H2-*-_ $] &" -10&.*(/-%& D -10#;
1(-2(?. *& "-+ 0&8"-+ 2-0-2'&0L+'(2-+ *& "- 2,"',0- (.+'(',;
2(#.-" *&" +&2,.*-0(# D *& "- (.+'(',2(?. &*,2-'()- 1-0'(2,;
"-0 - "- 3,& (.80&+-. D 2] (.'&0-22(#.&+ 2#. 1-0&+ D -*,"'#+
*(M&0&.'&+ - "#+ -.'&0(#0&+C
^#+ 10&8,.'-4#+ 2,N"&+ +#. "-+ 0&10&+&.'-2(#.&+ D &F;
1&2'-'()-+ 3,& 1#+&&. "#+ -*#"&+2&.'&+ -2&02- *& "- &+;
2,&"-6 D 2?4# a+'-+ (.2(*&. &. +, 2#.*,2'-C B+(4(+4#6
.#+ 0&+,"'- *& (.'&0a+ (.*-8-0 &" +&.'(*# 3,& '(&.& 1-0-
&""#+ 2#.2,00(0 - "- &+2,&"-6 3,a &F1&0(&.2(- &+2#"-0 2#.+;
'0,D&.6 D +( &+'- &F1&0(&.2(- 4#*(H2- # .# "-+ 0&10&+&.'-;
2(#.&+ 0&10&+&.'-2(#.&+ D &F1&2'-'()-+ 10&)(-+ -2&02- *&
"#+ 1-0&+6 "#+ -*,"'#+ D "- (.+'(',2(?.C 7#0 ="'(4#6 +& 10#2,;
0- 2#.#2&0 2,N"&+ +#. "#+ -1#D#+ 3,& "#+ -",4.#+ .&2&;
+('-. 1-0- -M0#.'-0 &+'- '0-.+(2(?. D -*3,(0(0 "#+ 0&2,0+#+
3,& "- +#2(&*-* -2',-" "&+ 0&3,(&0&C
G- b(0&22(?. *& Q0(&.'-2(?. -" !+',*(-.'& XbQ!] *& "-
S&20&'-0L- *& B+,.'#+ B2-*a4(2#+ *& "- [.()&0+(*-* *&
A,&.#+ B(0&+ *&+-00#""? &" 70#80-4- *& !*,2-2(?. 1-0- "-
Q0(&.'-2(?.O 9:#4&./-.*# "- &+2,&"- +&2,.*-0(-< &. '0&+
&+2,&"-+ 1=$"(2-+ *&" >(.(+'&0(# *& !*,2-2(?. *&" @#$(&0;
.# *& "- :(,*-* *& A,&.#+ B(0&+6 *,0-.'& &" -5# IJKJC
!" *&+-00#""# *& &+'& 70#80-4- 1&04('(? -.-"(/-0 ,.- &'-;
1- 20,2(-" *& "- )(*- *& "#+ %?)&.&+ &. 0&"-2(?. - +,+ '0-;
D&2'#0(-+ &*,2-'()-+6 -+L 2#4# 10#M,.*(/-0 &" 2#.#2(4(&.;
'# -2&02- *& +,+ 0&10&+&.'-2(#.&+6 )()&.2(-+ D
.&2&+(*-*&+6 "# 3,& 1&04('(0N -41"(-0 "-+ R&00-4(&.'-+
1-0- -D,*-0"#+ - '0-.+('-0 &+'- &'-1- *& 2-4$(#+C
*,%)!/),&*,%*!0)#'1
!. B08&.'(.-6 *,0-.'& "-+ ="'(4-+ *a2-*-+6 +& R- 0&8(+'0-;
*# ,. (.20&4&.'# .#'-$"& &. "- 2#$&0',0- *& "- &+2,&"-
+&2,.*-0(-C c,&0#. *()&0+#+ D 4="'(1"&+ "#+ M-2'#0&+ 3,&
10#4#)(&0#. *(2R- &F1-.+(?.C !.'0& &""#+6 1,&*& 4&.2(#;
.-0+& 3,& "-+ 4-D#0&+ &F(8&.2(-+ *& 2-1-2('-2(?. 0&3,&;
0(*-+ 1#0 &" 4,.*# *&" '0-$-%# 10#*,%&0#. ,. -,4&.'# &.
"- *&4-.*- *& 4-D#0&+ .()&"&+ *& &*,2-2(?. 1#0 1-0'&
*& "#+ *(+'(.'#+ +&2'#0&+ +#2(-"&+ Xd-2(.'#6 :6 IJJe_ d-2(.;
'#6 : f :-(""#*+6 c6 IJJe]C !" 'L',"# +&2,.*-0(# &+'-$-
-+#2(-*# - "- 1#+($("(*-* *& (.+&02(?. &. &" 4,.*# "-$#0-"
D - "- 4#)("(*-* +#2(-" -+2&.*&.'&C
S(. &4$-08#6 &+'- 4-D#0 &F1-.+(?. +& *(# &. &" 4-02# *&
,. 2#.'&F'# 0&+'0(2'()# D 2-4$(-.'&6 2-0-2'&0(/-*# 1#0 &"
*&$("('-4(&.'# *&" !+'-*# 2#4# 0&8,"-*#06 1#0 "- 8"#$-"(;
134
/-2(?.6 1#0 "- -1&0',0- *& "-+ &2#.#4L-+ D 1#0 "- 10#M,.;
*(/-2(?. *& "-+ *&+(8,-"*-*&+ +#2(-"&+ D *& "- 1#$0&/-
Xd-2(.'#6 :6 IJJe]C
G- &+2,&"- +&2,.*-0(- -" 4(+4# '(&41# 3,& *&$L- 2-4;
$(-0 1-0- -*-1'-0+& D 0&+1#.*&0 - &+'& .,&)# 2#.'&F'#6
0&2($L- - .,&)#+ 2#.'(.8&.'&+ *& -",4.#+C 70#$"&4-+
&2#.?4(2#+ *&" 1-L+ D *& 1"-.(H2-2(?. &*,2-'()-6 8&.&;
0-0#. ,.- *&+&+'-$("(/-2(?. -=. 4-D#0 &. &" .()&" 4&*(#C
7&+& -" 10&'&.*(*# ,.()&0+-"(+4# 3,& +& 10#1,+# &" +(+'&;
4- &*,2-'()# -08&.'(.#6 &+',*(#+ 0&-"(/-*#+ &. "#+ -5#+
#2R&.'- D- &)(*&.2(-$-. "- &F(+'&.2(- *& 2(02,('#+ &*,2-;
'()#+ *& 2-"(*-* *(M&0&.2(-*- Xd-2(.'#6 IJJg]6 &. M,.2(?.
*&" #0(8&. +#2(-" *& "#+ -",4.#+ Xc("4,+6 IJJK]C
b& &+'- M#04-6 "- &F1-.+(?. 0&+,"'? (.+,H2(&.'& & (.&3,(;
'-'()- D- 3,& .# '#*#+ -22&*&. - +(4("-0 2-"(*-* &*,2-'()-
.( 1&04-.&2&. &. "- 4(+4- 4&*(*-C G- &F(+'&.2(- *&
+&84&.'-2(?. &*,2-'()- 1"-.'&- 3,& &. "- 10N2'(2- &+2#;
"-0 -2',-"6 1-0&2(&0- +&8,(0 2#.H04N.*#+& 3,& L/)'!$"1!13Q
7!N$'#"7%/)-'7%$1-!\3F#'TEEEW')'-#O-%A37!-'/)'A!"1-!\37!N$'A#/'
7)O!1)/'73/13-)/&'F'7%$'#//%&')'/)'-#O-%A377!N$'A#'/)'#"1-37Q
13-)' A#/' #"O)7!%' "%7!)/< XA#,0*(&,Khh\6 1CKJ\]C S&8=.
&+'& 1,.'# *& )(+'-6 "- &+2,&"- &+'-0L- "&8('(4-.*# "-+
*&+(8,-"*-*&+6 0&10#*,2(&.*# &" ",8-0 0&"-'()# *& "-+
1&0+#.-+ +&8=. +, #0(8&. +#2(-"6 2#.*(2(#.-*-+ 1#0 &"
2(02,('# *& &+2#"-0(/-2(?. &. &" 3,& 1-0'(2(1-.C ^# #$+'-.;
'&6 D 1&+& - "-+ 10#$"&4N'(2-+ 3,& -2',-"4&.'& 10&+&.'-
&" +(+'&4- &*,2-'()#6 0&+,"'- (.*(+2,'($"& 3,& "- &+2,&"-
+(8,& +(&.*# &" ",8-0 10()("&8(-*# 1-0- "- &*,2-2(?. *& "#+
%?)&.&+6 1-0- +, M#04-2(?. 1-0- "- )(*- D 1-0- ,. *&+-;
00#""# R,4-.# (.'&80-"C
!. &" 2#.'&F'# *& "-+ +#2(&*-*&+ 2#.'&41#0N.&-+ *&
2#.#2(4(&.'#6 +& 0&3,(&0& *& "#+ %?)&.&+ 2-*- )&/ 4N+
0&2,0+#+ 1&0+#.-"&+ D ,. 4-D#0 .()&" *& M#04-2(?. D
&*,2-2(?. 3,& "&+ 1&04('- 0&"-2(#.-0+& 2#. "- 2#41"&%(;
*-* *&" 4,.*# -2',-" D "-+ .,&)-+ '&2.#"#8L-+C !. &+'&
+&.'(*#6 "- :#4(+(?. !2#.?4(2- 1-0- B4a0(2- G-'(.-6
&+'-$"&2& 3,& &" 4L.(4# *& -5#+ *& &+',*(# 1-0- +,1&0-0
&" ,4$0-" *& "- 1#$0&/-6 &+ *& *#2& -5#+ X@0D+1-.6 IJKJ]C
B+(4(+4#6 1-0- "#+ %?)&.&+ 3,& )()&. &. 2#.'&F'#+ *&
1#$0&/-6 -+(+'(0 D 1&0'&.&2&0 - ,.- &+2,&"- M,.2(#.- '-.;
'# 2#4# ,4$0-" 4L.(4# *& 0&2#.#2(4(&.'# +#2(-"6 2#4#
*& +#1#0'& -M&2'()# 3,& )(&.& - +,',0-0 "-+ +(',-2(#.&+ *&
&F2",+(?. +#2(-" 1-*&2(*-+6 0&1-0-.*# "-+ -,+&.2(-+ 10#;
1(-+ *& '#*- 0&"-2(?. 10(4-0(- 3,&$0-*- Xb,2R-'/UD6
Khh\]C 7&0# "- +&84&.'-2(?. &*,2-'()- D "- 1&0+(+'&.2(-
*& "- '0-.+4(+(?. (.'&08&.&0-2(#.-" *& "- 1#$0&/-6 8&.&;
0-. 3,& "#+ %?)&.&+ 3,& )()&. &. 2#.'&F'#+ ),".&0-$"&+
*&$-. &.M0&.'-0 4-D#0&+ #$+'N2,"#+ 1-0- 1#*&0 4-.'&;
.&0 ,.- 2#.'(.,(*-* D 1&04-.&.2(- &. "- &+2,&"-C :#.+&;
2,&.2(- "-4&.'-$"& *& &+'#6 &+ 3,& "#+ M&.?4&.#+ *&"
M0-2-+# D "- *&+&02(?. &+2#"-0 -M&2'-. &. 4-D#0 4&*(*-
- &+'#+ +&2'#0&+ 1#$"-2(#.-"&+6 3,(&.&+ 3,&*-. &F2",(;
*#+ *&" +(+'&4- &*,2-'()# D '(&.&. 4&.#+ 1#+($("(*-*&+
*& -22&*&0 - '0-$-%#+ *& 2-"(*-*C
7#+&&0 4-D#0&+ .()&"&+ *& &*,2-2(?. +,&"& -+#2(-0+& -
,.- 4&.#0 10#$-$("(*-* *& 3,&*-0 *&+&41"&-*#_ 1&0#
&+'# .# 10#'&8& - '#*#+ 1#0 (8,-" Xd-2(.'#6 Khhe]C B.'& &"
-,4&.'# *& "- '-+- *& &+2#"-0(/-2(?.6 +& #$+&0)- 3,& 2#.
+(4("-0&+ 20&*&.2(-"&+ &*,2-'()-+ .# '#*#+ "#+ %?)&.&+
DE LA PÁGINA 133 A LA 141
 FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA - UBA / SECRETARÍA DE INVESTIGACIONES / ANUARIO DE INVESTIGACIONES / VOLUMEN XVIII
'(&.&. "-+ 4(+4-+ #1#0',.(*-*&+C A(&. &F10&+- d-2(.'#
3,& 97%UO)-)$A%')'/%"'^N9#$#"'O%\-#"'F'/%"'$%'O%\-#"&'#/'
9)/%-'A#/'1:13/%'#"'A#"!.3)/'#$'1Y-U!$%"'1)$1%'A#'O-%1#77!N$'
7%$1-)'#/'A#"#UO/#%'7%U%'#$'/%'_3#'-#"O#71)')'/)'7)/!A)A'
A#'/%"'#UO/#%"E'M$1-#'/)"'-)>%$#"'A#'#"1)'A!"7-!U!$)7!N$&'
#"1D'#/'O)O#/'A#/'7)O!1)/'"%7!)/'F'A#'/)"'-#A#"'X)U!/!)-#"'#$'
#/')77#"%')'\3#$%"'#UO/#%"< Xd-2(.'#6 IJJg6 1C Ki]C
!. &M&2'#6 "- &F1-.+(?. *& "- &+2,&"- +&2,.*-0(- 9F'#/')7<!Q
7)U!#$1%' F' A#1#-!%-%' A#/' U#-7)A%' /)\%-)/' 7%)AF3A)-%$'
O)-)'_3#'/%"'1:13/%"'A#'$!9#/'"#73$A)-!%'"3X-!#-)$'3$'7%$1!Q
$3%'O-%7#"%'A#'A#9)/3)7!N$&'F'<%F'#$'A:)'/)'U)F%-'#"7%/)Q
-!A)A'A#'/%"'^N9#$#"'-#"O#71%'A#'"3"'O)A-#"'$%'!UO/!7)'#$'
.#$#-)/'U)F%-#"'%O%-13$!A)A#"'/)\%-)/#"< Xd-2(.'#6 IJJe6
1C YI;Yi]C !. 1-"-$0-+ *& b-.(&" c("4,+ XIJJK] "- &*,2-2(?.
+&2,.*-0(- +& R- ),&"'# 2-*- )&/ 4N+ .&2&+-0(- 1&0#6 -"
4(+4# '(&41#6 2-*- )&/ 4N+ (.+,H2(&.'&C
!. &" IJJe6 - 1-0'(0 *& "- +-.2(?. *& "- "&D *& &*,2-2(?.
.-2(#.-" ^j IeIJe6 "- &*,2-2(?. *& .()&" 4&*(# +& '0-.+;
M#04- &. #$"(8-'#0(- &. .,&+'0# 1-L+C G- &F1-.+(?. *& "-
4-'0L2,"- 8&.&0? 3,& +& (.+&0'-0-. &. &+'& N4$('# %?)&;
.&+ 10#)&.(&.'&+ *& .,&)#+ +&2'#0&+6 3,(&.&+ *&+2#.#;
2L-. 9&" #H2(# *& +&0 -",4.#< D 1#+&L-. 10#$"&4-+ *& (.;
+,H2(&.2(- *& +-$&0&+ -00-+'0-*#+ *&" .()&" 10(4-0(#C
!+'# 2#.""&)? ,. .,&)# *&+-ML# 1-0- "- &*,2-2(?. +&2,.;
*-0(-O 2#.H8,0-0 ,.- &+2,&"- 3,& 2#.'&.8- - ,.- 1#$"-;
2(?. R&'&0#8a.&- *& %?)&.&+ 1&0# 3,& - +, )&/ "&+ $0(.*&
-10&.*(/-%&+ +(8.(H2-'()#+ XB(+&.+#.6 IJJI6 IJJg6 IJJ\_
d-2(.'#6 IJJe]C
!. &" 2#.'&F'# 8"#$-"(/-*# -2',-"6 "- &+2,&"- +&2,.*-0(-
',)# 3,& -M0#.'-0 ,.- (00,12(?. *& "#+ 4#*&"#+ +#2(# 2,";
',0-"&+ *& "#+ %?)&.&+6 3,& D- .# -2&1'-. "-+ .#04-+ D "#+
M#04-'#+ *&" 4#*&"# &+2#"-0 ;;3,& 0&+1#.*& 4N+ - ,.-
1&0+1&2'()- 4#*&0.- *& "- &*,2-2(?.;;6 10#*,2(a.*#+&
,.- *(+'-.2(- D 2#.M0#.'-2(?. &.'0& "- 2,"',0- &+2#"-0 D
2,"',0- %,)&.(" Xd-2(.'#6 IJJe]C B 1&+-0 *& "#+ 2-4$(#+
&M&2',-*#+ &. &" +(+'&4- &*,2-'()#6 &" 1-+-%& *& "- 10(4-;
0(- - "- +&2,.*-0(- .# +& R- 2#.)&0'(*# &. ,. -+,.'# (.'&;
0(.+'(',2(#.-" Xk#++-.#6 IJJe] D &. 8&.&0-"6 .# R-D -2'()(;
*-*&+ &+1&2LH2-+ 1-0- -0'(2,"-0 &+#+ 2-4$(#+C
B +, )&/6 D 2#4# +#+'(&.& P&.'( c-.M-.( XIJJJ]6 -2',-";
4&.'& "#+ -*#"&+2&.'&+ +#. 1#0'-*#0&+ *& ,.- 2,"',0-
;;2-0-2'&0(/-*- 1#0 *()&0+#+ 2#.#2(4(&.'#+6 )-"#0&+6 -2;
'(',*&+ D 2#.*,2'-+;; 3,& .# 2#(.2(*& 2#. "- 2,"',0- &+2#;
"-06 D 1-0'(2,"-04&.'&6 2#. &" 2,00(2,",4 3,& "- (.+'(',2(?.
(.'&.'- ""&)-0 - 2-$#C G- M,.2(?. 2()("(/-*#0-6 3,& &. -"8=.
4#4&.'# ',)# "- &+2,&"-6 R- 1&0*(*# )(8&.2(- *&$(*# -
3,& &+'- (.+'(',2(?. D- .# '(&.& &" 4#.#1#"(# *& "- (.M#0;
4-2(?. D "- 2,"',0- "&8L'(4- X2#. "- -1-0(2(?. *& "-+ .,&)-+
'&2.#"#8L-+ D &" 1#*&0 *& "#+ 4&*(#+ *& 2#4,.(2-2(?.]C
^# #$+'-.'&6 "- &+2,&"- +(8,& .&8-.*# "- &F(+'&.2(- *&
#'0#+ "&.8,-%&+ D +-$&0&+ *(M&0&.'&+ - "# &+'-$"&2(*# &.
"#+ 10#80-4-+ D 2,00(2,"-C S& 10#*,2& ,.- '&.+(?. &.'0&
&" 10#80-4- &+2#"-06 2-0-2'&0(/-*# 1#0 "- R#4#8&.&(*-*6
#0*&. D +&2,&.2(- =.(2#+_ D "-+ .,&)-+ 2,"',0-+ %,)&.("&+6
3,& +#. *()&0+-+6 M0-84&.'-*-+6 -$(&0'-+ D E&F($"&+C !+'&
*&+&.2,&.'0# D 2#.E(2'# 10#*,2& ,.- +&.+-2(?. *& &F'0-;
5-4(&.'# +#$0& '#*# &. "#+ %?)&.&+ *& "-+ 2"-+&+ +#;
2(#&2#.?4(2-+ *&+M-)#0&2(*-+6 *(H2,"'N.*#+& "- -10#1(-;
2(?. *& &+'& .,&)# &+1-2(#C
DE LA PÁGINA 133 A LA 141
:#4# R&4#+ 4&.2(#.-*#6 *()&0+-+ (.)&+'(8-2(#.&+ 0&-;
"(/-*-+ &. &" N4$('# *& "- S#2(#"#8L- D "- !*,2-2(?. Xc(";
4,+ IJJK_ d-2(.'# IJJg_ @(4&.# S-20(+'N.6 Khhe] (*&.'(;
M(2-. 4="'(1"&+ M-2'#0&+ 3,& *(M(2,"'-. &" 1-+-%& *& "-
&+2,&"- 10(4-0(- - "- &+2,&"- +&2,.*-0(-C !.'0& &""#+6
1,&*&. 4&.2(#.-0+& &" 2#.'&F'# +#2(-" D &2#.?4(2# 2-4;
$(-.'&6 0&+'0(2'()# & (.2(&0'#_ &" -,4&.'# *& "- 1#$0&/-_ &"
-)-.2& *& "-+ .,&)-+ '&2.#"#8L-+ *& (.M#04-2(?. D 2#4,;
.(2-2(?._ "- +&84&.'-2(?. *&" +(+'&4- &*,2-'()# D &F(+;
'&.2(- *& 2(02,('#+ *& 2-"(*-* &*,2-'()- *(M&0&.2(-*#+6 D
"- *(+'-.2(- 2-*- )&/ 4N+ 10#.,.2(-*- &.'0& "- 2,"',0-
%,)&.(" D "- &+2#"-0C
b&+*& &" 1,.'# *& )(+'- 1+(2#"?8(2#6 &" 1-+-%& *& "- &+2,&;
"- 10(4-0(- - "- &+2,&"- +&2,.*-0(- (41"(2- ,.- '0-.+(2(?.
1+(2#;+#2(-" X7-0U&+ KhgK_ @,(2R-0* f l,'&-, IJJe_
A0#.M&.$0&..&0 Kh\g]6 3,& +,2&*& -" 4(+4# '(&41# 3,&
"#+ -",4.#+ +& '0-.+M#04-. &. -*#"&+2&.'&+ '&410-.#+C
S& 1#.&. &. %,&8# '-.'# "- 2#.+'0,22(?. (*&.'('-0(- 2#4#
&" *&+-00#""# *& "- '0-D&2'#0(- &*,2-'()- D +#2(-"C 7#0 &""#6
'-4$(a. 0&+,"'- .&2&+-0(# &+',*(-0 *(2R- '0-.+(2(?. *&+*&
&.M#3,&+ 1+(2#"?8(2#+6 3,& .#+ $0(.*&. .,&)#+ -1#0'&+
1-0- 2#410&.*&0 &. +, 2#41"&%(*-* *(2R- 10#$"&4N'(2-C
G#+ -*#"&+2&.'&+ 3,& (.(2(-. "- &+2,&"- +&2,.*-0(- +&
&.2,&.'0-. -'0-)&+-.*# ,. 1&0L#*# 20L'(2# *& +, 2(2"# )(;
'-"6 &. &" 2,-" +& 10#*,2&. '0-.+M#04-2(#.&+ $(#"?8(2-+ D6
-" 4(+4# '(&41#6 4#*(H2-2(#.&+ +#2(-"&+ 3,& +,+2('-. "-
4#)("(/-2(?. *& 10#2&+#+ 1+(2#"?8(2#+ 1-0- "- '0-4('-;
2(?.6 '-.'# *& "#+ .,4&0#+#+ 2-4$(#+6 2#4# *& "#+ *,&"#+
1#0 &" 2,&01#6 "- (*&.'(*-* D "#+ 1-*0&+ *& "- (.M-.2(-
XB$&0-+',0D6 Khh\]C !+'# 2#.""&)- .,&)#+ 10#2&+#+ *&
+,$%&'()-2(?. D 2#.+'0,22(?. (*&.'('-0(-C
!0(U+#. XKhgK] +#+'(&.& 3,& "- M#04-2(?. *& (*&.'(*-* &+
,. (.'&0%,&8# &.'0& "# 1+(2#"?8(2# D "# +#2(-"O 1#0 ,. "-*#6
&+ &" +&.'(4(&.'# *& 2#.'(.,(*-* *& +&.'(0+& ,.# 4(+4# D6
1#0 &" #'0#6 &+ &" 0&2#.#2(4(&.'# *& "#+ #'0#+ *& &+- 2#.;
'(.,(*-* D 4(+4(*-*C B+(4(+4#6 &+'& -,'#0 1"-.'&- 3,& "-
'-0&- 10(4#0*(-" *&" -*#"&+2&.'& &+ "- M#04-2(?. *& ,.-
(*&.'(*-* 1&0+#.-"6 &. 0&"-2(?. - +, 2#.'&F'# +#2(-"C !"
-*#"&+2&.'& *&$& 0&2#.#2&0+& - +( 4(+4# -.'& "#+ 2-4;
$(#+ D &" 20&2(4(&.'# 2#'(*(-.#6 D -" 4(+4# '(&41#6 10&+&.;
'-0+& -.'& "#+ *&4N+C !+'# "& (41"(2-0N &" '0-$-%# *& 2#4;
10&.*&0 &" ",8-0 3,& #2,1-0N &. &" &.'#0.# M-4("(-0 D
+#2(-"C G- -*#"&+2&.2(- +& 2#.)(&0'& -+L &. ,. *&+-ML#
M0&.'& - "-+ '0-.+M#04-2(#.&+6 .,&)-+ +&.+-2(#.&+6 *&;
+&#+ & (41,"+#+ X>-08,"(+6 IJJh]C
7#0 #'0# "-*#6 &. "- -2',-"(*-* +& 2#.+(*&0- 3,& "- -*#"&+;
2&.2(- D %,)&.',* +#. 2#.+'0,22(#.&+ +#2(-"&+C S( $(&.
&F(+'& ,.- $-+& 4-'&0(-" $(#"?8(2-6 +#$0& "- 4(+4- +&
2#.+'0,D&. *()&0+-+ 0&10&+&.'-2(#.&+ 0&"-2(#.-*-+ 2#.
&" 2#.'&F'# R(+'?0(2# D +#2(#2,"',0-" XP&.'( c-.M-.(6 IJJJ]C
G- .#2(?. *& 9%,)&.',*< D- .# +& 2#00&+1#.*& =.(2-4&.;
'& 2#. "- &'-1- *& '0-.+(2(?. *& "- .(5&/ - "- -*,"'&/6 +(.#
3,& -2',-"4&.'& +& 2#00&"-2(#.- 2#. &" 80,1# *& 1&0'&;
.&.2(- *&" +,%&'#6 3,& #2,1- ,.- 1#+(2(?. +#2(-" &+1&2L;
H2-6 "# 3,& (41"(2- *(+'(.'-+ 2-'&8#0L-+ *& 9%?)&.&+<6 2#.
-22&+# *&+(8,-" - $(&.&+ 4-'&0(-"&+ D +(4$?"(2#+6 D 2#.
1#+($("(*-*&+ *(+1-0&+ &. "- 2#.+'0,22(?. *& '0-D&2'#0(-+
*& )(*-6 M#04-2(?. D '0-$-%#C S& 0&2#.#2& 3,& "- -*#"&+;
2&.2(- ;1&0L#*# &)#",'()# &. 3,& +& &.2,&.'0-. "#+ +,%&;
135
CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA TRAYECTORIA EDUCATIVA: EL INICIO DEL CICLO SECUNDARIO, ¿INSERCIÓN O EXCLUSIÓN?, ¿OPORTUNIDAD O REPRODUCCIÓN?
THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE EDUCATIONAL TRAJECTORY: THE BEGINNING OF SECONDARY SCHOOL, INCLUSION OR EXCLUSION?, AN OPPORTUNITY OR A REPRODUCTION?
Aisenson, Diana; Virgili, Natalia; Siniuk, Diego; Polastri, Graciela; Rivarola, Rocío; Rivero, Lorena; Schwarcz, Johanna
'#+ 3,& -+(+'&. - "- &+2,&"- 4&*(-; +& 2-0-2'&0(/- &+1&;
2LH2-4&.'& 1#0 2#.+'(',(0 ,.- &'-1- *& 2#.+'0,22(?. *& "-
(*&.'(*-*6 "- 2,-" +,08(0N '-4$(a. *& "- 4-.&0- &. 3,& &"
10#2&+# +#2(-" *& 2-*- a1#2- (*&.'(H3,& - "#+ %?)&.&+ D
"-+ #1#0',.(*-*&+ *& 0#"&+ 3,& +& "&+ #M0&/2-. &. 2#.+&;
2,&.2(- X!0(U+#.6 KhgK]C
G- +#2(&*-* -2',-" )-"#0- &" 4#*&"# -*#"&+2&.'&6 1&0#
&+'& 4#*&"# .# &+ &" 0&-"6 .# 0&10&+&.'- - "#+ %?)&.&+ 3,&
)()&. D +,M0&. "-+ '0-.+M#04-2(#.&+ ML+(2-+6 1+L3,(2-+ D
+#2(-"&+6 +(.# 3,& 0&E&%- +L4$#"#+ *& "- -*#"&+2&.2(- 3,&
+& 2#.)(&0'&. &. 4&02-.2L-C !" -*#"&+2&.'& 0&-" *&$&
2#.+'0,(0 +, 2-4(.# &. 4&*(# *& (.+'(',2(#.&+ &. 20(+(+6
+(.'(a.*#+& *&+#0(&.'-*#6 &F2",(*# # (.2#410&.*(*#6 &
(.2",+# &.M0&.'-.*# R#+'("(*-* D '&4#0 X>-08,"(+6 IJJh]C
G#+ %?)&.&+ 2#.+'0,D&. +, +,$%&'()(*-* D )L.2,"#+ 2#. "#+
#'0#+6 &. ,. 2#.'&F'# *& 1",0-"(/-2(?. *& "#+ )-"#0&+ D
M0-8("(/-2(?. *& "- M-4("(- D "#+ "-/#+ *& 1-0&.'&+2#C !+
1#+($"& #$+&0)-0 3,& "- +#2(&*-* .# 1#+(2(#.- - "#+ %?)&;
.&+ &. 0#"&+ )-"#0-*#+ .( 10&)a +, 1-0'(2(1-2(?. &. 0#"&+
+#2(-"&+ *& 4-D#0 0&+1#.+-$("(*-* XB(+&.+#.6 IJJ\]C
G- &F1&0(&.2(- &+2#"-0 2#.'0($,D& - "- 20&-2(?. *& "- %,;
)&.',* 2#4# ,.- 2#.+'0,22(?. +#2(-"6 2#4# ,. '(&41# *&
10&1-0-2(?. D &+1&0- &.'0& "- (.M-.2(- D "- 2#.*(2(?. *&
-*,"'#C B" *&2(0 *& b,$&' D >-0',2&""( XKhh\]6 "- )(*- *&"
-",4.# -*#"&+2&.'& +& *&+-00#""- &. "#+ 4N08&.&+ *& "-
&+2,&"-O "#+ 10(.2(1(#+ *& %,+'(2(- +& 4,"'(1"(2-.6 "- 0&2(;
10#2(*-* X+#$0& '#*# &. &" 0&+1&'#] &+ 4N+ (41#0'-.'& 3,&
"- .#04-6 "- 4#'()-2(?. 1&0+#.-" .# &+ &" 0&E&%# *& "-+
&F1&2'-'()-+ *& "#+ -*,"'#+C G- &F1&0(&.2(- &+2#"-0 +&
*()&0+(H2- D &+ 2-0-2'&0(/-*- 1#0 ,.- +&0(& *& 9'&.+(#.&+<6
2#.)(0'(a.*#+& &. 9,.- M-+& +,$%&'()- *& "- 920(+(+< *&"
2#"&8(#< Xb,$&'6 >-0',2&""(6 Khh\6 1CK\\]C
!.'&.*&4#+ "- #`O#-!#$7!)'#"7%/)-''-" 2#4# "- *&H.&.
b,$&' D >-0',22&""( 2#4# &" 10#2&+# 1#0 &" 2,-" "#+ -",4;
.#+ +& M#04-. D +#2(-"(/-. &. &" +(+'&4- &+2#"-06 - '0-)a+
*& 10N2'(2-+ 2#'(*(-.-+ 2#41-0'(*-+ 2#. 1-0&+ D -*,"'#+C
!+ +-$(*# 3,& *&1&.*& *& )-0(-+ )-0(-$"&+O &*-*6 1#+(;
2(?. &+2#"-0 D +#2(-"6 +&F#6 &+'-$"&2(4(&.'#6 *#2&.'&+6
2#.'&F'#6 &'2C 7#*&4#+ *&2(0 3,& &+ ,. '0-$-%# *& 7%$"Q
1-377!N$'A# "#$1!A%'D -" 4(+4# '(&41# *&'7%$"1!137!N$'A#'
":&'*&'7%$"1-377!N$'!A#$1!1)-!)C 7#+($("('- "- 2#.H-./- &.
"-+ 1#'&.2(-"(*-*&+ 1&0+#.-"&+6 D .,&)#+ -10&.*(/-%&+
3,& M-)#0&2&. "-+ -.'(2(1-2(#.&+ 1-0- &" M,',0# D "- 2#.+;
'0,22(?. *& 10#D&2'#+ 1&0+#.-"&+C 7&0# '-4$(a. 1,&*&
*-0 ",8-0 - "#+ &M&2'#+ 2#.'0-0(#+6 2#.+'0,D&.*# 0&10&+&.;
'-2(#.&+ *& +L 4(+4# .&8-'()-+6 3,& *(H2,"'-. 10#D&2'-0;
+& &. ,. '(&41# M,',0# *(M&0&.'&'XB(+&.+#.6 IJJ\]C !" +L
4(+4# +& 2#.+'0,D& &. "-+ (.'&0-22(#.&+ 2#. "#+ #'0#+ &.
*()&0+#+ &+1-2(#+6 ,.# *& &""#+ &+ "- !+2,&"-C
7#0 &+# &+ '-. (41#0'-.'& 1-0- "#+ %?)&.&+ &" 80,1# *&
1-0&+6 -" *&2(0 *& A-"-0*(.(O L#"'#/'/3.)-'A#"A#'AN$A#'A)-Q
/#' "#$1!A%' )/' U3$A%&' 7%$' #/' -#7<)>%' A#' /)' O#-"O#71!9)'
)A3/1)' O%-' !$)A#73)A)&' X)/")' %' O%-1)A%-)' A#' 3$' A%\/#'
A!"73-"%'F')/#^)A)'A#'"3'-#)/!A)A&'F'A#"A#'#/'73)/'#$X-#$Q
1)$'/)'7-!"!"'A#'9)/%-#"&'/)'"#$")7!N$'A#'OY-A!A)'A#'-3U\%'
F'#/'"#$1!U!#$1%'A#'!UO%1#$7!)'-#"O#71%')'/)'O%"!\!/!A)A'A#'
1-)$"X%-U)-'/)"'7%")"S X11CKg]
c(.-"4&.'&6 1#*&4#+ +&5-"-0 "- 1-0-*#%- *& 3,& "- &+;
2,&"- 1#0 ,. "-*# 0&10#*,2& (.&3,(*-*&+6 1&0# 1#0 #'0#6
136
&+ "- (.+'(',2(?. 3,& 4N+ #1#0',.(*-*&+ $0(.*-6 D +(8,&
+(&.*# &" -22&+# M,.*-4&.'-" 1-0- (.2",(0+& &. ,.- +#2(&;
*-* 8"#$-"C
!. &" 2#.'&F'# -2',-"6 2#.+(*&0-4#+ 3,& "- #A37)7!N$ D
"- %-!#$1)7!N$ +#. ,. M-2'#0 2"-)& O)-)'#/&A#")--%//%'<3U)Q
$%&'D 3,& 0&+,"'- 10(#0('-0(# (41"&4&.'-0 2-4$(#+ D 0&M#0;
4,"-2(#.&+ &. "-+ 1#"L'(2-+ &*,2-'()-+ D 2,00(2,"-0&+6 *&
4-.&0- 3,& "- &+2,&"- #'#08,& &*,2-2(?. *& 2-"(*-* D
M-)#0&/2- "- (.2",+(?. D 1&04-.&.2(- *& "#+ %?)&.&+ 10#;
)&.(&.'&+ *& '#*#+ "#+ +&2'#0&+ +#2(-"&+C
!. 0-/?. *& &+'#6 "- b(0&22(?. *& Q0(&.'-2(?. -" !+',*(-.'&
*& "- S&20&'-0L- *& B+,.'#+ B2-*a4(2#+ *& "- [.()&0+(*-*
*& A,&.#+ B(0&+6 *&+-00#""- 10#80-4-+ *& #0(&.'-2(?.'1-0-
%?)&.&+E !+'#+ 10#80-4-+ +& $-+-. &. &" #$X%_3#'O"!7%Q
#A37)1!9%&'O-#9#$1!9%'F'7%U3$!1)-!% XB(+&.+#.6 KhhY6 IJJg6
IJJ\]6 &" 2,-" +& -1#D- &. ,. 1-0-*(84- 2#.+'0,2'()(+'-E
!+'#+ 10#80-4-+ +& 1"-.'&-.6 2#4# #$%&'()# 8&.&0-"6 -D,;
*-0 - "#+ %?)&.&+ - )O-#$A#-')'%-!#$1)-"# M0&.'& - "#+ 2-4;
$(#+ 3,& +& +,2&*&. - "# "-08# *& "- )(*-6 - +&0 2#.+'0,2'#;
0&+ *& +, 10#1(- &F(+'&.2(-C G- H.-"(*-* *& "#+ 4(+4#+ &+
10#4#)&0 &" A#")--%//%'O#-"%$)/'#'!$7/3"!N$'"%7!)/'A#'/%"'
^N9#$#"&'-D,*N.*#"#+ - -41"(-0 &" 2#.#2(4(&.'# *& +L 4(+;
4#+ D +, R#0(/#.'& *& 1#+($("(*-*&+6 -*3,(0(0 "#+ 0&2,0+#+
D "-+ R&00-4(&.'-+ 3,& "&+ 1&04('-. *&+-00#""-0 "-+ 2-1-2(;
*-*&+ +(4$?"(2-+ 3,& .&2&+('-. 1-0- -M0#.'-0 "-+ '0-.+(2(#;
.&+ D -2#41-5-0"#+ &. &" 10#2&+#+ *& 2#.+'0,22(?. *& +,+
(*&.'(*-*&+ D *& +,+ '0-D&2'#0(-+ +#2(-"&+ 2#. 4-D#0&+
0&2,0+#+ D 1#+($("(*-*&+C
b&+*& "- &1(+'&4#"#8L- *&" 2#.+'0,22(#.(+4# +#2(-"
Xm#,.8 f :#""(.6 IJJZ_ k(2R-0*+#. &' -"6 IJJY_ S-)(2U-+
&' -"6 IJJh] +& 0&2#.#2& 3,& "#+ 7%$%7!U!#$1%" D "- !A#$Q
1!A)A'*& ,. %#)&. +#. &" 10#*,2'# *& +,+ (.'&0-22(#.&+
+#2(-"&+C G- 2-1-2(*-* *& )O-#$A#-&'- 1-0'(0 *& "-+ &F1&;
0(&.2(-+ 3,& +& 0&-"(/-. &. *()&0+#+ 2#.'&F'#+;; M#04-'(;
)#+6 "-$#0-"&+ D )('-"&+;;6 0&3,(&0& "- 4&*(-2(?. *& "- -#Q
X/#`!N$6 1-0- 1#*&0 (.'&010&'-0 "-+ &F1&0(&.2(-+ D
'0-.+M&0(0"-+ - .,&)-+ +(',-2(#.&+C B+(4(+4#6 &+ 2#.*(;
2(?. .&2&+-0(- /)'7%$"1-377!N$'"3\^#1!9)'A#'"#$1!A%&'3,&
(.)#",20- "-+ 0&10&+&.'-2(#.&+6 )()&.2(-+6 4#'()-2(#.&+6
&F1&0(&.2(-+6 2-1-2(*-*&+6 (.'&010&'-2(#.&+ *& 2-*- ,.#C
!" "#$1!A%'+& 2#.+'0,D& 4&*(-*# 1#0 &" *(+2,0+#C
G- 2-1-2(*-* *& )O-#$A#-')')O-#$A#-')'/%'/)-.%'A#'/)'9!A)&'
&+ ,.- R&00-4(&.'- .&2&+-0(- 1-0- "#+ %?)&.&+ &. "- +#;
2(&*-* *&" 2#.#2(4(&.'#6 &. ,. 4,.*# &. 3,& '#*# 2-4;
$(- 0N1(*-4&.'&6 D 3,& 0&3,(&0& 1#*&0 (.'&010&'-0 "- 2#4;
1"&%(*-* *&" 2#.'&F'#C
!" 70#80-4- 9!*,2-2(?. 1-0- "- Q0(&.'-2(?.< -1,.'- -
M-)#0&2&0 &" *&+-00#""# 1&0+#.-";+#2(-" *& "#+ -",4.#+6
10#1(2(-.*# 3,& a+'#+ &.2,&.'0&. ,. +&.'(*# 1&0+#.-" -
"- &+2,&"- D - +,+ &+',*(#+6 -$0(&.*# M,',0#+ *(M&0&.'&+
1#+($"&+6 3,& "#+ 4#'()&. - -+,4(0 2#. 0&+1#.+-$("(*-* D
2#410#4(+# +,+ 10#D&2'#+ &*,2-'()#+C G-+ '0-.+(2(#.&+
*& "#+ %?)&.&+ 0&3,(&0&. -D,*- 1-0- -10&.*&0 - &.M0&.'-0
"-+ *(H2,"'-*&+ D 2#.+'0,(0 &+'0-'&8(-+ 3,& 1&04('-. 1#;
'&.2(-0 "-+ M#0'-"&/-+ 1&0+#.-"&+C B*&4N+6 -41"(-0 "- (.;
M#04-2(?. -2&02- *&" 4,.*# *&" '0-$-%#6 "-+ #2,1-2(#.&+6
"-+ *()&0+-+ -2'()(*-*&+ 3,& "#+ %?)&.&+ 1,&*&. *&+&4;
1&5-0 D "-+ 2-1-2('-2(#.&+ 0&3,&0(*-+ 1-0- R-2&0"#6 -$0&
.,&)-+ -"'&0.-'()-+ 1-0- 4#*(H2-0 "-+ (.&3,(*-*&+ +#2(-;
DE LA PÁGINA 133 A LA 141
 FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA - UBA / SECRETARÍA DE INVESTIGACIONES / ANUARIO DE INVESTIGACIONES / VOLUMEN XVIII
"&+C !+'& 10#80-4- 2#.'&41"- &+1-2(#+ *& 0&E&F(?. D
-2#41-5-4(&.'#6 - "# "-08# *& '#*- "- &+2#"-0(*-*C
B "#+ H.&+ *& 10&)&.(0 &" M0-2-+# &+2#"-06 0&+,"'- .&2&+-;
0(# (41"&4&.'-0 -22(#.&+ &+'0-'a8(2-+ 1-0- -M0#.'-0 &"
*&+-ML# *& '0-.+M#04-0+& &. &+',*(-.'& *& .()&" 4&*(#C S&
1"-.'&-. 2#4# *&+&-$"&+ D .&2&+-0(-+ 2(&0'-+ 2#.*(2(#;
.&+ 1-0- 3,& "- &+2,&"- M-)#0&/2- "- (.2",+(?. D 9-H"(-;
2(?.< X:#,"#.6 Khhi] *& "#+ %?)&.&+C B"8,.-+ *& &+'-+
2#.*(2(#.&+ (.2",D&. 3,& "- &+2,&"- )-"#0(2& D 2#.+(*&0&
"#+ (.'&0&+&+ D &F1&2'-'()-+ *& "#+ %?)&.&+6 3,& M-)#0&/2-
+, 10#'-8#.(+4# D 1-0'(2(1-2(?. (.+'(',2(#.-"_ 3,& 4#'()&
- "#+ -",4.#+ 1-0- 10#4#)&0 &" -10&.*(/-%& *& "-+ 2-1-;
2(*-*&+ 0&3,&0(*-+ 1#0 "- +#2(&*-* -2',-"C 7-0- '-"&+ H;
.&+6 -*3,(&0& +(8.(H2-'()- 0&"&)-.2(- "- (.2",+(?. *& 10N2;
'(2-+ *& #0(&.'-2(?. *&+*& "#+ 10(4&0#+ -5#+C
`.)&+'(8-2(#.&+ 0&-"(/-*-+ 1#0 &" !3,(1# *& 7+(2#"#8L-
*& "- Q0(&.'-2(?. 2#. -",4.#+ 3,& H.-"(/-. "- &+2,&"-
+&2,.*-0(- XB(+&.+#. &' -"C IJJI6 IJJg6 IJJ\] R-. 1&0;
4('(*# )(+,-"(/-0 "- )-"#0-2(?. 1#+('()- 3,& '(&.&. *& "-
&+2,&"- 4,2R#+ *& &+'#+ %?)&.&+C !. &M&2'#6 0&2#.#2&.
"-+ 1#+($("(*-*&+ 3,& "&+ R- $0(.*-*# "- (.+'(',2(?. &+2#;
"-0 1-0-O -] &" *&+-00#""# 1&0+#.-" & (*&.'('-0(#6 $] "- 1#;
+($("(*-* *& "#80-0 ,. 4&%#0 -22&+# -" '0-$-%#6 2] -41"(-0
"-+ #1#0',.(*-*&+ 1-0- +, M#04-2(?.6 *] 4&%#0-0 +,+
10#D&2'#+ *& )(*-6 &] "#80-0 "- (.2",+(?. +#2(-"6 &.'0& #'0-+
2,&+'(#.&+C !+'-+ 0&10&+&.'-2(#.&+ *& "#+ %?)&.&+ 3,&
R-. "#80-*# 1&04-.&2&0 &. &" +(+'&4- &+2#"-06 .# 2#(.;
2(*&. 2#. "-+ 0&10&+&.'-2(#.&+ -2&02- *& "- !+2,&"-6 &.
8&.&0-" .&8-'()-+6 3,& 2(02,"-. &. "#+ 4&*(#+ *& 2#4,;
.(2-2(?. D &. "- +#2(&*-*C
:#.+(*&0-4#+ 3,& &+ (41#0'-.'& "- 1#+($("(*-* *& -D,*-0
- "#+ -",4.#+ 3,& (.(2(-. +, &+2#"-0(*-* &. &" 2(2"# +&;
2,.*-0(#6 - (.'&0-2',-0 D 2#4,.(2-0+& 2#. "#+ *(M&0&.'&+
-2'#0&+ *& "- 2#4,.(*-* &*,2-'()-6 0&2#.#2(&.*# "- &F(+;
'&.2(- *& *(M&0&.'&+ 2?*(8#+ +#2(#"(.8nL+'(2#+ D *&" (41-2;
'# *& "-+ 2"-+&+ +#2(-"&+ &. "#+ +(+'&4-+ *& +(8.(H2-2(?.
XA&0.+'&(.6 KhgY]C 7#0 #'0# "-*#6 &+ (41#0'-.'& -D,*-0"#+
- 0&E&F(#.-0 +#$0& &" (.80&+# D 1&04-.&.2(- &. "- &+2,&;
"- +&2,.*-0(- 2#4# (.+'-.2(- M-2("('-*#0- 1-0- +, *&+-00#;
""# 1&0+#.-" D 1-0- -22&*&0 - 4&%#0&+ 2#.*(2(#.&+ *& )(;
*-6 '0-$-%# & (.2",+(?. +#2(-" &. &" M,',0#C
B '-" H.6 &. "- [.()&0+(*-* *& A,&.#+ B(0&+ (41"&4&.'-;
4#+ &" 70#80-4- LG%U#$>)$A%'/)'#"73#/)'"#73$A)-!)S&'
*(0(8(*# - #M0&2&0 ,. &+1-2(# &. &" 2,-" "#+ %?)&.&+ 1,&*&.
&F10&+-0+& D 0&E&F(#.-0 -2&02- *& +,+ &F1&2'-'()-+6 +&.;
'(4(&.'#+6 1&.+-4(&.'#+ & (.'&00#8-.'&+ M0&.'& -" 2(2"# 3,&
2#4(&./-.C
$!),-,1,23'
G- 4&'#*#"#8L- ,'("(/-*- &. &+'& &+',*(# &+ 2,-.'('-'()- D
2,-"('-'()-C
G- O%\/)7!N$ &+'N 2#41,&+'- 1#0 -",4.#+ *&" 10(4&0 -5#
*&" .()&" 4&*(# *& '0&+ &+2,&"-+ 1=$"(2-+ *&" >(.(+'&0(# *&
!*,2-2(?. *&" @#$(&0.# *& "- :(,*-* *& A,&.#+ B(0&+C
G- U3#"1-)'&+ (.2(*&.'-"6 D &+'N 2#.M#04-*- 1#0 ZgK -",4;
.#+ 1&0'&.&2(&.'&+ - "-+ &+2,&"-+ 4&.2(#.-*-+6 3,(&.&+
1-0'(2(1-0#. &. &" 70#80-4- 9:#4&./-.*# "- &+2,&"-
+&2,.*-0(-< *,0-.'& &" -5# IJKJC
!" IgCIo *& "#+ %?)&.&+ *& "- 4,&+'0- -+(+'& - "- &+2,&"-
DE LA PÁGINA 133 A LA 141
B6 &" iICYo - "- &+2,&"- A D &" ZJCio - "- &+2,&"- :C !"
eJCeo 2,0+- +,+ &+',*(#+ &. &" ',0.# '-0*& D &" ihCZo "#
R-2& &. &" ',0.# 4-5-.-C !" egCho *& "#+ %?)&.&+ 2#.2,;
00& - "- 4#*-"(*-* A-2R(""&0 D &" 0&+'-.'& iICKo6 -" :#4&0;
2(-"C !. 2,-.'# -" +&F# *& "#+ -",4.#+6 &" Yi6Zo +#. )-;
0#.&+ D &" Ze6e o 4,%&0&+C G- &*-* *& "#+ %?)&.&+ +&
*(+'0($,D& &.'0& "#+ KI D Kg -5#+6 +(&.*# "- 4&*(- KZCi
-5#+ D "- 4&*(-.- KZ -5#+C G- -41"(',* *& "- &*-* +&
0&"-2(#.- 2#. &" -"'# 1#02&.'-%& *& 0&1('&.2(- *& "#+ %?)&;
.&+ *& &+'- 4,&+'0-O &" Zi6g o 2,0+? 10(4&0 -5# *& "-
&+2,&"- +&2,.*-0(- 2#. -.'&0(#0(*-*6 D &" Ii6Yo *& "#+
%?)&.&+ 0&1('(? -"8=. -5# &. &" .()&" 10(4-0(#C
G- 80-. 4-D#0L- X\h6Ko] )()& &. "- :(,*-* *& A,&.#+
B(0&+C !" eK6Yo *& "#+ %?)&.&+ 2#.)()& 2#. -4$#+ 1-*0&+
2#. # +(. R&04-.#+6 &" iJ6Io )()& +#"# 2#. "- 4-*0& D &"
0&+'# X\6Zo] )()& 2#. &" 1-*0&6 # 2#. #'0#+ M-4("(-0&+C B"
(.*-8-0 -2&02- *& "- &F1&0(&.2(- "-$#0-" 3,& 1#+&&. "#+
%?)&.&+6 "#+ 0&+,"'-*#+ 0&)&"-. 3,& &" KI6eo '0-$-%- &. "-
-2',-"(*-* -" 4(+4# '(&41# 3,& 0&-"(/- +,+ &+',*(#+C
:-+( "- '#'-"(*-* *& "#+ 1-*0&+ XhJ6Io] '0-$-%- -" 4#4&.;
'# *& 0&-"(/-0+& &" 10&+&.'& &+',*(#6 4(&.'0-+ 3,& "-+
4-*0&+ "# R-2&. &. 4&.#0 4&*(*- XegCYo]C !. 2,-.'# -"
.()&" &*,2-'()#6 +& #$+&0)- 3,& 2&02- *&" YJo *& "-+
4-*0&+ D "#+ 1-*0&+ -"2-./? &" .()&" +&2,.*-0(#6 -"0&*&;
*#0 *&" ZJo 2,0+? &+',*(#+ 10(4-0(#+6 D +#"# &" KJo -22&;
*(? -" .()&" *& &*,2-2(?. +,1&0(#0C
!" A!"O%"!1!9% (41"&4&.'-*# &+ &" 70#80-4- *& !*,2-2(?.
1-0- "- Q0(&.'-2(?.O 9:#4&./-.*# "- &+2,&"- +&2,.*-0(-<
3,& *&+-00#""- "- b(0&22(?. *& Q0(&.'-2(?. -" !+',*(-.'&
*& "- S&20&'-0L- *& B+,.'#+ B2-*a4(2#+ *& "- [.()&0+(;
*-* *& A,&.#+ B(0&+C :#.+'- *& '0&+ '-""&0&+ 3,& +&
0&-"(/-. &. *(+'(.'#+ 4#4&.'#+ *&" -5# ;-" (.(2(#6 &. "-
4('-* D -" H.-" *&" 4(+4# ;6 2#. 2-*- 80,1#;2"-+&6 2##0;
*(.-*#+ 1#0 1+(2?"#8#+ #0(&.'-*#0&+;C
!+'& *(+1#+('()# 10#4,&)& ;- 1-0'(0 *&" (.'&02-4$(# &.'0&
"#+ 1-0&+ D 2#. "#+ 1+(2?"#8#+ #0(&.'-*#0&+;"- 1-0'(2(1-;
2(?. -2'()- *& "#+ %?)&.&+6 -+L 2#4# "- 0&E&F(?. +#$0& +L
4(+4#+6 "- &+2,&"- 10(4-0(-6 "-+ &F1&0(&.2(-+ &+2#"-0&+6
&" +&.'(*# 3,& -*3,(&0& "- &*,2-2(?. +&2,.*-0(-6 "- 0&"-;
2(?. 2#. "#+ *(+'(.'#+ -2'#0&+ *& "- (.+'(',2(?. &+2#"-0 D "#+
"#80#+ D #$+'N2,"#+ 0&2#.#2(*#+ - "# "-08# *&" 0&2#00(*#
*&" 10(4&0 -5# *&" +&2,.*-0(#C
!" #$%&'()# &+ M-)#0&2&0 &" *&+-00#""# *& 1&.+-4(&.'#
20L'(2# D 4-D#0 -,'#.#4L- &. "#+ -",4.#+6 -4$-+ 2#41&;
'&.2(-+ 0&3,&0(*-+ 1-0- ,.- (.2",+(?. -2'()- &. "- +#2(&;
*-* -2',-"C
:#. &" 10#1?+('# *& 10#4#)&0 "- 0&E&F(?. +#$0& '-"&+ '&;
4N'(2-+6 +& 2#.+'0,D&0#. 0&2,0+#+ 'a2.(2#+ 3,& +& ,'("(;
/-. &. -2'()(*-*&+ &. 1&3,&5#+ 80,1#+ # &. +&2,&.2(-+
(.*()(*,-"&+C
7-0- "- -#7%/#77!N$'A#'/%"'A)1%" 3,& +& -.-"(/-. &. &+'&
&+',*(#6 +& *(+&5-0#. & (41"&4&.'-0#. "#+ +(8,(&.'&+
(.+'0,4&.'#+O
Q;)']!7<)'"%7!%A#U%.-Da7)&'3,& 2#.+'- *& iK 10&8,.'-+6
(.*-8- -+1&2'#+ +#2(#;&*,2-'()#+ D "-$#0-"&+ *& "#+ %?)&;
.&+6 *& +,+ 1-*0&+ D *& +,+ R&04-.#+C
QM/' G3#"1!%$)-!%' A#' M`O#71)1!9)"&' 3,& +& -*4(.(+'0- -"
137
CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA TRAYECTORIA EDUCATIVA: EL INICIO DEL CICLO SECUNDARIO, ¿INSERCIÓN O EXCLUSIÓN?, ¿OPORTUNIDAD O REPRODUCCIÓN?
THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE EDUCATIONAL TRAJECTORY: THE BEGINNING OF SECONDARY SCHOOL, INCLUSION OR EXCLUSION?, AN OPPORTUNITY OR A REPRODUCTION?
Aisenson, Diana; Virgili, Natalia; Siniuk, Diego; Polastri, Graciela; Rivarola, Rocío; Rivero, Lorena; Schwarcz, Johanna
2#4(&./# *&" 10(4&0 '-""&06 2#.+'- *& )&(.'(*?+ 10&8,.'-+
3,& (.*-8-. "-+ +(8,(&.'&+ 2,&+'(#.&+O 4#'()-2(#.&+ -"
(.(2(# *& "- &+2,&"- +&2,.*-0(-_ -+1&2'#+ *& "- &+2,&"-
10(4-0(- 3,& "&+ 8,+'-0#. # 0&+,"'-0#. *(H2,"'#+#+ D &F;
1&2'-'()-+ +#$0& 2?4# +&0N +, &F1&0(&.2(- &. "- &+2,&"-
+&2,.*-0(-C S#$0& &+'- ="'(4- '&4N'(2- +& 10&+&.'-. 0&;
+,"'-*#+ &. &+'& '0-$-%#6 - 1-0'(0 *& "#+ *-'#+ #$'&.(*#+
&. 2(.2# 10&8,.'-+ 2&00-*-+C
;!" :,&+'(#.-0(# *& 8#O-#"#$1)7!%$#"&'3,& +& -*4(.(+'0-
&. &" +&8,.*# '-""&0C :#.+'- *& )&(.'('0a+ 10&8,.'-+6 *&
"-+ 2,-"&+ +& -.-"(/-. &. &+'& '0-$-%# +#"# "-+ 3,& (.*-8-.
-] "#+ -+1&2'#+ *& "#+ 10#M&+#0&+ 3,& "&+ 8,+'-. &. 4-D#0
# 4&.#0 4&*(*- D $] "- &)-",-2(?. -2&02- *& 2?4# R-
+(*# +, &F1&0(&.2(- &+2#"-0 &. "- 10(4&0- 4('-* *&" -5# &.
0&"-2(?. - +,+ &F1&2'-'()-+C !+'- ="'(4- +& (.*-8? 2#. ,.-
&+2-"- *& '(1# G(U&0' 2#. 2(.2# #12(#.&+ 9.-*-<6 91#2#<6
94&*(-.-4&.'&<6 9$-+'-.'&< D 94,2R#<C
;!" G3#"1!%$)-!%'A#'M9)/3)7!N$&'3,& +& -*4(.(+'0- -" H.-;
"(/-0 &" 10(4&0 D &" '&02&0 '-""&06 2#. &" #$%&'()# *& &+'-$"&;
2&0 2#41-0-2(#.&+ &.'0& "-+ 0&+1,&+'-+C :#.+'- *& 2,-;
'0# 10&8,.'-+6 *& "-+ 2,-"&+ +& -.-"(/-. *#+ &. &+'&
'0-$-%#C G- 10(4&0- (.*-8- &. 3,a 4&*(*- R-$&0 1-0'(2(;
1-*# &. &" '-""&0 "&+ 1&04('(?O -] 2#.#2&0 - +,+ 2#41-5&;
0#+6 $] '&.&0 4N+ (.M#04-2(?. +#$0& "- &+2,&"-6 2] 1&.+-0
&. +, 0&"-2(?. 2#. "#+ 10#M&+#0&+6 *] 1&.+-0 &. "- (41#0;
'-.2(- 3,& '(&.& "- &+2,&"- 1-0- &""#+6 &] 0&2#.#2&0 +,+
'&4#0&+ D M] -2"-0-0 -"8,.-+ *,*-+C :-*- ,.# *& "#+ L'&4+
*& &+'- 10&8,.'- M,&0#. 4&*(*#+ 2#. ,.- &+2-"- '(1#
G(U&0' 2#. 2(.2# #12(#.&+O 9.-*-<6 91#2#<6 94&*(-.#<6 9$-+;
'-.'&< D 94,2R#<C G- +&8,.*- 10&8,.'- &+ ,.- &+2-"- *&
80-*# *& +-'(+M-22(?. 2#. "- '-0&- 0&-"(/-*- &. &" '-""&06 "-
2,-" )-0L- &.'0& K D Y6 +(&.*# Y &" 4-D#0 80-*# *& +-'(+;
M-22(?.C
!" -.N"(+(+ 2,-.'('-'()# +& 0&-"(/? - 1-0'(0 *&" &+',*(# *& "#+
*-'#+ #$'&.(*#+ &. "-+ 10&8,.'-+ 2&00-*-+ 2#00&+1#.;
*(&.'&+ -O "- 9c(2R- *& *-'#+ +#2(#*&4#80NM(2#+<6 &"
9:,&+'(#.-0(# *& !F1&2'-'()-+<6 &" 9:,&+'(#.-0(# *& k&;
10&+&.'-2(#.&+< D &" 9:,&+'(#.-0(# *& !)-",-2(?.<C !+'#+
*-'#+ M,&0#. $0(.*-*#+ 1#0 '#*#+ "#+ -",4.#+ *&" Kp -5#
*& "-+ &+2,&"-+ B6 A D :6 3,& -+(+'(&0#. - "- (.+'(',2(?. &"
*L- 3,& +& 0&-"(/-0#. "#+ '-""&0&+C
7-0- &" 10#2&+-4(&.'# *& "- (.M#04-2(?. +& 2#.M&22(#.-;
0#. $-+&+ *& *-'#+ D +& -.-"(/-0#. 2,-.'('-'()-4&.'& "-+
10&8,.'-+ 2&00-*-+ 4&*(-.'& &" 10#80-4- &+'-*L+'(2#
S7SSC S& 0&-"(/-0#. #"1)A:"1!7)"'A#"7-!O1!9)"6 O-3#\)"'
A#'b@'F'1'A#'213A#$16 1-0- (*&.'(H2-0 "- +(8.(H2-2(?. *& "-+
-+#2(-2(#.&+C
!" -.N"(+(+ 2,-"('-'()# +& 0&-"(/? - 1-0'(0 *& "-+ 0&+1,&+'-+
&+20('-+ 3,& "#+ -",4.#+ *(&0#. - "- 10&8,.'- -$(&0'- *&"
9:,&+'(#.-0(# *& k&10&+&.'-2(#.&+<O 9M$'3$)'\-#9#'X-)"#&'
A#7!$%"'_3Y'#"'/%'_3#'UD"'1#'.3"1)'F'/%'_3#'U#$%"'1#'
.3"1)'A#'/%"'O-%X#"%-#"<C
!" -.N"(+(+ +& 0&-"(/? +#$0& ,.- +,$;4,&+'0- *& KIh -",4;
.#+6 +&"&22(#.-*- -" -/-0 *&" '#'-" *& -",4.#+ 3,& 0&+;
1#.*(&0#. - *(2R- 10&8,.'-C !" 4-'&0(-" #$'&.(*# +& &+',;
*(? 4&*(-.'& &" -.N"(+(+ *&" 2#.'&.(*# D "- &4&08&.2(- *&
2-'&8#0L-+ X@"-++&0 f S'0-,++6 Kheg]C
138
!"#1)'-,"&4&-+"*#"+.%
B 2#.'(.,-2(?. +& 10&+&.'-. "#+ 0&+,"'-*#+ +(8.(H2-'()#+
#$'&.(*#+6 &. 1-0'(2,"-06 -2&02- *& "- )-"#0-2(?. 3,& "#+
-",4.#+ "& -+(8.-. - +, 0&"-2(?. 2#. "#+ 10#M&+#0&+ D 2#.
+,+ 1-0&+C B+(4(+4#6 .#+ 0&M&0(0&4#+ - "- &)-",-2(?. 3,&
"#+ -",4.#+ 0&-"(/-. +#$0& "-+ -2'()(*-*&+ *&+-00#""-*-+
&. &" K&0C D &. &" i&0C '-""&0C
8#/)7!N$'7%$'/%"'O-%X#"%-#"
B" (.(2(# *&" -5# &+2#"-06 &. &" 10(4&0 '-""&06 "- 4-D#0 1-0'&
*& "#+ -",4.#+ 2#.+(*&0? 3,& -#/)7!%$)-"#'7%$'/%"'O-%X#Q
"%-#" "&+ ($- - 0&+,"'-0 &.'0& 9.-*- MN2(" D 1#2# MN2("<
XZJCYo]6 94&*(-.-4&.'& MN2("< XIICKo] # 9MN2(" D 4,D MN2("<
Xig6Zo] X>&*(- qr IChK]C G- *(+1&0+(?. &. "- *(+'0($,2(?.
*& "-+ 0&+1,&+'-+ *& "#+ -",4.#+ *- 2,&.'- *& "- *()&0+(;
*-* 3,& 1,&*& -*3,(0(0 &+'& )L.2,"#6 &. M,.2(?. *& +,+
&F1&0(&.2(-+ -.'&0(#0&+6 *& "-+ 0&10&+&.'-2(#.&+ 3,&
2#.+'0,D&0#. &. +,+ &.'#0.#+ M-4("(-0&+ D 2#4,.('-0(#+6 D
*& +,+ &F1&2'-'()-+ &. 0&"-2(?. - &+'- '0-.+(2(?. *& "-
&+2,&"- 10(4-0(- -" +&2,.*-0(#C
!. &M&2'#6 3,(&.&+ D- R-$L-. 2,0+-*# &" 10(4&0 -5# 2#.
-.'&0(#0(*-* -.'(2(1-0#. 3,& &" )L.2,"# 2#. "#+ 10#M&+#0&+
"&+ ($- - 0&+,"'-0 4N+ *(H2,"'#+# 0&+1&2'# - "#+ 2#41-5&;
0#+ 3,& 2,0+-$-. 1#0 10(4&0- )&/ Xs Ir h6Ihe 8"rZ 1tJ6JY]C
7-0- &+'#+ -",4.#+6 1-0&2(&0- 3,& +, &F1&0(&.2(- &+2#"-0
-.'&0(#0 .# R- 1#+($("('-*# "- -*3,(+(2(?. *& .,&)-+ &+'0-;
'&8(-+ 1-0- 0&"-2(#.-0+& 2#. "#+ 10#M&+#0&+6 .( '-41#2#
"-+ &F1&2'-'()-+ *& "#80-0"#C
!+'#+ 4(+4#+ %?)&.&+ ;&. 2#41-0-2(?. 2#. "#+ 3,& 2,0;
+-. 10(4&0 -5# 1#0 10(4&0- )&/;6 +#. 3,(&.&+ &. "- &)-;
",-2(?. *&" ="'(4# '-""&0 0&+'-0#. (41#0'-.2(- - "- 1#+($("(;
*-* 3,& *(2R- -2'()(*-* "&+ $0(.*? 1-0- 0&E&F(#.-0 +#$0&
+, 0&"-2(?. 2#. "#+ 10#M&+#0&+C
S& #$+&0)- ,.- +(',-2(?. 10#$"&4N'(2- D 1#2# +-'(+M-2'#;
0(- &. &+'& )L.2,"#6 1&0# '-4$(a. "- 0&.,.2(- - (.'&.'-0
4#*(H2-0"#6 1#+($"&4&.'& 1#0 "- )()&.2(- *& "- (41#+($("(;
*-* *& "#80-0"#C
B+(4(+4#6 .# 1,&*& *&%-0+& *& '&.&0 &. 2,&.'- 3,& &"
R&2R# *& R-$&0 0&1&'(*# &" -5# &+2#"-06 3,(/N (.2(*- &. "-
(4-8&. 3,& "#+ 10#M&+#0&+ 2#.+'0,D&. -2&02- *& &+#+
-",4.#+6 .# $0(.*N.*#"&+ "-+ #1#0',.(*-*&+ .&2&+-0(-+
1-0- +,1&0-0 &+& M0-2-+#C
l-2(- 4('-* *&" -5# &+2#"-0 +& 0&-"(/? &" +&8,.*# '-""&06
&. &" 3,& +& (.*-8? &. 3,a 4&*(*- "#+ -",4.#+ 2#.+(*&;
0-$-. 3,& 1,*(&0#. 0&"-2(#.-0+& 2#. "#+ 10#M&+#0&+ 0&+;
1&2'# - +,+ &F1&2'-'()-+ (.(2(-"&+C
G#+ 0&+,"'-*#+ 4,&+'0-. 3,& "- 4-D#0L- *& "#+ -",4.#+
-H04? 3,& 1,*# 0&"-2(#.-0+& &. ,.- 4&*(*- *& 9.-*-
MN2("< D 91#2# MN2("< XiZ6io]6 94&*(-.-4&.'& MN2("< Xig6io]
D 9MN2("< D 94,D MN2("< XI\CZo] X>&*(- qr IChY]C b& &+'&
4#*#6 +& #$+&0)- 3,& "-+ &F1&2'-'()-+ 3,& "#+ -",4.#+
4-.(M&+'-0#. &. &" 10(4&0 &.2,&.'0# 0&+1&2'# *&" 80-*#
*& M-2("(*-*u*(H2,"'-* 3,& 1#*0L- 1"-.'&-0 *(2R- 0&"-2(?.6
M,&0#. 2#.H04-*-+ 1-+-*# ,. "-1+# *& '(&41# +(. 3,& "-
&F1&0(&.2(- &+2#"-0 R-D- 1#*(*# 10#*,2(0 ,. 2-4$(# &.
*(2R# )L.2,"#C
!+ 1#+($"& -H04-0 3,& &. "- 0&"-2(?. *& "#+ -",4.#+ 2#.
"#+ 10#M&+#0&+ &+'-0L- M-"'-.*# "- 1#+($("(*-* *& )O-#$A#-'
A#'/)'#`O#-!#$7!)6 *& )O-#$A#-')')O-#$A#-6 2#41&'&.2(-
DE LA PÁGINA 133 A LA 141
 FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA - UBA / SECRETARÍA DE INVESTIGACIONES / ANUARIO DE INVESTIGACIONES / VOLUMEN XVIII
M,.*-4&.'-" &. "- +#2(&*-* *&" 2#.#2(4(&.'# 1-0- 1#*&0
0&+1#.*&0 - "#+ 2-4$(#+ 2#.'(.,#+ - "# "-08# *& "- )(*-C
B" -.-"(/-0 2,-"('-'()-4&.'& 2?4# "#+ %?)&.&+ *&+20($&.
+, )L.2,"# 2#. "#+ *#2&.'&+6 R&4#+ 10#M,.*(/-*# +#$0&
-3,&""#+ -+1&2'#+ 3,& 4N+ "&+ 8,+'-. D "#+ 3,& 4&.#+
"&+ 8,+'-. *& +,+ 10#M&+#0&+C !.'0& "# 3,& 4N+ "& 8,+'-.
4&.2(#.-.O -] 7)-)71#-:"1!7)"' O#-"%$)/#"O 9+#. 1(#"-+<6
92#1-*#+<6 9*()&0'(*#+<6 9+#. $,&.#+<6 9'(&.&. 1-2(&.2(-<6
9+#. -80-*-$"&+<_ $] A#"#UO#c%' O-%X#"!%$)/O 9&F1"(2-.
$(&.<6 9&.+&5-.<6 9.# 4-.*-. '-0&- - "- 2-+-< D 2] &" 9:$Q
73/%' #"1)\/#7!A%O 94& &+2,2R-.<6 9.#+ ""&)-4#+ $(&.<6
9.#+ -D,*-.<6 9.#+ *-. ,.- #1#0',.(*-*<6 9'& R-$"-.<C
k&+1&2'# - "-+ 2,&+'(#.&+ 3,& 4&.#+ "&+ 8,+'-.6 1,&*&
-*)&0'(0+& ,.- 0&2,00&.2(- 0&+1&2'# - "#+ -+1&2'#+ 2#.+(;
*&0-*#+ ;2-0-2'&0L+'(2-+ 1&0+#.-"&+6 *&+&41&5# 10#M&;
+(#.-" D )L.2,"# &+'-$"&2(*#;6 -,.3,& &" 2#.'&.(*# *& "-+
0&+1,&+'-+ &+ )-"#0-*# .&8-'()-4&.'&C B 4#*# *& &%&4;
1"#6 +& 4&.2(#.-. -"8,.-+O -] 9+#. 4-"#+<6 94-"- #.*-<6
9+, -2'(',*<6 9-$,00(*#+<_ $] 9.# '& 3,(&0&. &F1"(2-0 *& ),&";
'-<6 9'& *-. 10,&$-+<6 9'& *-. '-0&-< D 2] 9'& 80('-.<_ 94-";
'0-'#<6 9M-"'-. &" 0&+1&'# D '& "&)-.'-. "- )#/<6 9.,.2- '& *-.
"- 0-/?.<C
!+'#+ *-'#+ 4,&+'0-. 2,N. 0&"&)-.'& 0&+,"'-. 1-0- "#+
%?)&.&+ -3,&""#+ -+1&2'#+ *& "- 0&"-2(?. 2#. +,+ 10#M&+#;
0&+ 3,& -",*&. - "- (.'&0-22(?. 2#4,.(2-'()- D - "#+ )L.;
2,"#+ -M&2'()#+C !+'# .#+ 1&04('& 0&E&F(#.-0 +#$0& &" ",8-0
*& "#+ 10#M&+#0&+ 2#4# +#+'a. -M&2'()# D +#2(-" (41#0'-.;
'& &. ,. 4#4&.'# *& '0-.+(2(?. 2#4# &+ &" 1-+# *& "-
&+2,&"- 10(4-0(- - "- +&2,.*-0(-C
8#/)7!N$'7%$'/%"'7%UO)c#-%"E
!. &" 10(4&0 '-""&06 "#+ %?)&.&+ 1&.+-$-. 3,& 0&"-2(#.-0+&
2#. &" .,&)# 80,1# *& 2#41-5&0#+ +&0L- 94&*(-.-4&.'&<
D 9$-+'-.'&< MN2(" XK&0 &.2,&.'0# >&*(- qr iCII]C !. 1-0'(;
2,"-06 "#+ &+',*(-.'&+ *& 4-D#0 &*-* +&5-"-0#. 3,& &+'&
)L.2,"# "&+ 0&+,"'-0L- 4N+ MN2(" Xs Ir iJ6gYI 8"rKe 1tJ6JK]C
!+'# .#+ 1&04('& 1&.+-0 3,& "- &F1&0(&.2(- &+2#"-0 10&)(-
"&+ R- 1&04('(*# -10&.*&0 - 0&"-2(#.-0+& 2#. .,&)#+ 80,;
1#+ *& 1-0&+6 +(',-2(?. 3,& +& )& M-)#0&2(*- 1#0 "-+ (.'&;
0-22(#.&+ 2#'(*(-.-+ 2#. "#+ 1-0&+ &. &" 2#.'&F'# &+2#"-06
-+L 2#4# 1#0 "-+ -H.(*-*&+ &.'0& &""#+6 10#1(-+ *&" 4#;
4&.'# &)#",'()# 3,& -'0-)(&+-.C
!. &+'& 4(+4# +&.'(*#6 +& #$+&0)- 3,& &. &" +&8,.*#
'-""&0 ; '0-.+2,00(*- "- 10(4&0- 4('-* *&" -5#;6 "#+ -",4.#+
&F10&+-0#. 3,& 1,*(&0#. 0&"-2(#.-0+& 2#. +,+ 2#41-5&;
0#+ &. 4-D#0 4&*(*- 0&+1&2'# *& "# 4-.(M&+'-*# &. &"
10(4&0 &.2,&.'0# X>&*(- qriCei] X' *& S',*&.' +(8.(H2-'(;
)- -" 1tJ6JJK]C
b& "# -.'&0(#04&.'& 4&.2(#.-*#6 +& *&+10&.*& 3,& &F(+;
'& ,.- *(M&0&.2(- &.'0& &" 80-*# *& *(H2,"'-* 3,& "#+ -",4;
.#+ &+1&0-$-. &.2#.'0-0 ;D 3,& H.-"4&.'& &.2#.'0-0#.;
&. +, 0&"-2(?. 2#. "#+ 10#M&+#0&+ 0&+1&2'# *&" 0&M&0(*# -
+, 0&"-2(?. 2#. "#+ 2#41-5&0#+C
!+'#+ 0&+,"'-*#+ .#+ 0&4('&. - "#+ )L.2,"#+ 3,& "#+ %?)&;
.&+ +,&"&. &.'-$"-0 &. &+'- &'-1- &)#",'()-6 *#.*& "- 0&;
"-2(?. 2#. &" 80,1# *& 1-0&+ +& M#0'-"&2& *&$(*# - "- .&;
DE LA PÁGINA 133 A LA 141
2&+(*-* *& 0&"-2(#.-0+& 2#. +&4&%-.'&+ 3,& 2#410&.*-.
"-+ )()&.2(-+ D 2#41-0'-. &" 4(+4# "&.8,-%& X>-08,"(+6
IJJh]6 4(&.'0-+ 3,& "#+ )L.2,"#+ 2#. "#+ 10#M&+#0&+ 1,&;
*&. +&0 *(+'-.'&+ D 2#41"&%#+6 1#0 +&0 a+'#+ "#+ 0&10&+&.;
'-.'&+ *&" 4,.*# -*,"'#6 D *& #'0- 2,"',0- &. "- (.+'(',2(?.
&*,2-'()-C
B+(4(+4#6 .#+ ""&)-. - 1"-.'&-0 "- 10(#0(*-* 3,& '(&.& "-
M#04-2(?. *& "#+ *#2&.'&+ D "- .&2&+(*-* *& 0&2#.#2(;
4(&.'#;;1#0 1-0'& *& &""#+ 4(+4#+ D *& "- +#2(&*-* &. +,
2#.%,.'#;-.'& &" 2#410#4(+# D "- 0&+1#.+-$("(*-* 3,&
'(&.&. &. "- +#2(-"(/-2(?. D 2#.+'0,22(?. (*&.'('-0(- *& "#+
%?)&.&+C
M9)/3)7!N$'A#'/%"'1)//#-#"
!" -.N"(+(+ *& "-+ &)-",-2(#.&+ *& "#+ %?)&.&+ +#$0& &"
10(4&0 D &" '&02&0 '-""&0 (.*(2-. 3,&6 1-0- "- 4-D#0 1-0'&
*& "#+ -",4.#+6 R-$&0 1-0'(2(1-*# *& *(2R#+ '-""&0&+ "&+
R- +(*# *& ,'("(*-* &. ,.- 4&*(*- *& 94&*(-.#<u 9$-+'-.;
'&< D &. -"8,.#+ 2-+#+ 9$-+'-.'&< u 94,2R#<C
!. 1-0'(2,"-06 +& #$+&0)- 3,& "- 1-0'(2(1-2(?. &. &" 10(4&0
'-""&0 "&+ 1&04('(? - "#+ %?)&.&+ &. 4-D#0 4&*(*- 9'&.&0
(.M#04-2(?. +#$0& "- &+2,&"-<6 91&.+-0 "- 0&"-2(?. 2#. "#+
10#M&+#0&+< D 90&E&F(#.-0 -2&02- *& "- (41#0'-.2(- 3,& &"
2#"&8(# '(&.& 1-0- &""#+<6 3,& "# 3,& "&+ R- 1&04('(*# &"
'&02&0 '-""&0C
!+ 1#+($"& 1&.+-0 3,& "- 4-D#0 ,'("(*-* -'0($,(*- -" 10(4&0
'-""&0 0&+1&2'# *&" '&02&0#6 +& 2#00&+1#.*& 2#. "- 4-D#0
10&#2,1-2(?. 3,& &+'-+ '&4N'(2-+ *&+1(&0'-. &. "#+ %?)&;
.&+ -" (.(2(-0 &" -5#6 4#4&.'# &. &" 2,-" "- '0-.+(2(?. +&
)()&.2(- 2#. 4-D#0 (.'&.+(*-*C
B +, )&/6 1,&*& 1&.+-0+& 3,& "- &F1&0(&.2(- & (.M#04-;
2(?. -*3,(0(*-+ - "# "-08# *&" -5# -2&02- *&" N4$('# &+2#;
"-0 D "#+ )L.2,"#+ 3,& &. a" +& &+'-$"&2&.6 M-)#0&2&. "-
20(+'-"(/-2(?. *& -3,&""-+ &F1&2'-'()-+ +#$0& "- *(H2,"'-*
3,& 10&+&.'- "- 0&"-2(?. 2#. "#+ 10#M&+#0&+C b& &+'& 4#;
*#6 +& 0&+'0(.8& &" 80-*# *& 0&E&F(?. & (.'&0a+ *& "#+ %?)&;
.&+ -2&02- *& &+'- 2,&+'(?. &. &" '&02&0 '-""&06 -" .# 2#.;
+(*&0-0+& )(-$"& "- 1#+($("(*-* *& +, '0-.+M#04-2(?.C
7#0 #'0# "-*#6 +& #$+&0)- 3,& &. &" 10(4&0 '-""&06 "-+ 4,;
%&0&+ &+'N. 4N+ +-'(+M&2R-+ 2#. "- -2'()(*-* *& #0(&.'-;
2(?. 3,& "#+ )-0#.&+ Xs Ir IJ6hhY 8"rZ 1tJ6JJK]C !" YZo
*& "-+ 4,%&0&+ &)-",? "- '-0&- 0&-"(/-*- 2#. &" 1,.'-%&
4N+ -"'# *& "- &+2-"- *& +-'(+M-22(?.C !. 1-0'(2,"-06 +&
*&+'-2- 3,& "-+ %?)&.&+ +&5-"-0#. 3,& 1,*(&0#. 1&.+-0
&. 4-D#0 4&*(*- 3,& "#+ )-0#.&+ -2&02- *& "- -#/)7!N$'
7%$'/%"'O-%X#"%-#" Xs Ir KI6Igi 8"rZ 1tJ6JK]C
!. &" ="'(4# &.2,&.'0# +& #$+&0)- .,&)-4&.'& 3,& "-+
4,%&0&+ )#")(&0#. - 4-.(M&+'-0 ,. 4-D#0 80-*# *& +-'(+;
M-22(?. 2#. "- '-0&- 0&-"(/-*- 0&+1&2'# *& "#+ )-0#.&+C !.
&+- #1#0',.(*-*6 &F10&+-0#. 3,& &" '-""&0 "&+ 1&04('(? 0&;
E&F(#.-0 &. "- !UO%-1)$7!)'_3#'1!#$#'/)'#"73#/) 1-0- &""-+
Xs Ir KK6i 8"rZ 1tJ6JY]6 D -#7%$%7#-' "3"' 1#U%-#" Xs Ir
KJ6YJZ 8"rZ 1tJ6JY]C
G-+ 4,%&0&+ &)-"=-. 4&%#0 3,& "#+ )-0#.&+ &" '-""&0 *&
#0(&.'-2(?.6 2#(.2(*(&.*# 2#. "#+ 0&+,"'-*#+ #$'&.(*#+ &.
#'0-+ (.)&+'(8-2(#.&+ 0&-"(/-*-+ 1#0 &+'& &3,(1# XB(+&.;
+#. &' -"6 IJKJ6 IJJh]C !+ 1#+($"& 1&.+-0 3,& "-+ %?)&.&+
&F10&+-. -10&2(-2(#.&+ 1#+('()-+ +#$0& &" '-""&06 1#0 )(;
139
CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA TRAYECTORIA EDUCATIVA: EL INICIO DEL CICLO SECUNDARIO, ¿INSERCIÓN O EXCLUSIÓN?, ¿OPORTUNIDAD O REPRODUCCIÓN?
THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE EDUCATIONAL TRAJECTORY: THE BEGINNING OF SECONDARY SCHOOL, INCLUSION OR EXCLUSION?, AN OPPORTUNITY OR A REPRODUCTION?
Aisenson, Diana; Virgili, Natalia; Siniuk, Diego; Polastri, Graciela; Rivarola, Rocío; Rivero, Lorena; Schwarcz, Johanna

+,-"(/-0"# 2#4# ,.- R&00-4(&.'- 3,& M-)#0&2&0L- "- 1#+(;
$("(*-* *& +, +#2(-"(/-2(?. D +, *&+-00#""# (*&.'('-0(# D
1&0+#.-"C !+'# 2#(.2(*(0L- 2#. "#+ 2-4$(#+ +#2(-"&+ 3,&
',)# &" 0#" *& "- 4,%&0 &. "#+ ="'(4#+ -5#+ D 2#. "-+ &F1&2;
'-'()-+ 3,& 1,&*-. ""&8-0 - '&.&0 "-+ %?)&.&+ *& #2,1-0
,. ",8-0 )-"#0-*# &. "- +#2(&*-* -2',-"C
"#+ 2-4$(#+ 1&0+#.-"&+ D +#2(-"&+ 3,& +& -)&2(.-. D
10&1-0-0+& 1-0- -M0#.'-0"#+C B+(4(+4#6 +& 10#2,0- M-2("(;
'-0 "- 2#.+'0,22(?. *& "-+ 2#41&'&.2(-+ 3,& "#+ %?)&.&+
0&3,(&0&. 1-0- -M0#.'-0 &F('#+-4&.'& "-+ .,&)-+ &F(8&.;
2(-+ D *&+-00#""-0 +, '0-D&2'#0(- &*,2-'()-6 $0(.*N.*#"&+
R&00-4(&.'-+ 1-0- ""&)-0 - 2-$# +,+ 10#D&2'#+C

*,%*1#"+,%!"
B 1-0'(0 *&" -.N"(+(+ *& "#+ 0&+,"'-*#+6 1#*&4#+ *&+'-2-0
3,& "#+ -",4.#+ 3,& 4-.(H&+'-. "#$1!-"#' O-#O)-)A%"'
O)-)'#UO#>)-'/)'#"73#/)'"#73$A)-!) +#. "#+ 4(+4#+ 3,&
1(&.+-. 3,& +& )-. - -*-1'-0 2#. 4-D#0 M-2("(*-* - "-
&+2,&"-6 3,& &+'-$"&2&0N. )L.2,"#+ 2#. 1-0&+ D *#2&.'&+
4N+ MN2("4&.'& D 3,& +& -*-1'-0N. +-'(+M-2'#0(-4&.'& -
"-+ &F(8&.2(-+ *&" &+',*(#C
!. +&.'(*# 2#.'0-0(#6 +& #$+&0)- 3,& -3,&""#+ -",4.#+
3,& $%'"#'"!#$1#$'O-#O)-)A%"'O)-)'#UO#>)-'/)'#"73#/)'
"#73$A)-!)&'-.'(2(1-. 3,& +& "&+ 10&+&.'-0N. *(H2,"'-*&+
-" 4#4&.'# *& &+'-$"&2&0 )L.2,"#+ 2#. +,+ 10#M&+#0&+C
!. &M&2'#6 &+'#+ ="'(4#+ -",4.#+ -" H.-"(/-0 &" -5# -H04-;
0#. )&0+& -M&2'-*#+ 1#0 -3,&""-+ *(H2,"'-*&+ 3,& R-$L-.
10&)(+'#C
S(4("-0 +(',-2(?. #2,00& 2#. -3,&""#+ %?)&.&+ 3,& &+'N.
2,0+-.*# .,&)-4&.'& &" 10(4&0 -5#6 3,(&.&+ 2#.H04-0#.
+,+ &F1&2'-'()-+ -" )()&.2(-0 ,. 4-D#0 80-*# *& *(H2,"'-*
1-0- &+'-$"&2&0 )L.2,"#+ 2#. +,+ *#2&.'&+ 0&+1&2'# *&
-3,&""#+ 3,& "# 2,0+-. 1#0 10(4&0- )&/C
b& "# *(2R# -.'&0(#04&.'&6 +& *&+10&.*& 2?4# &. -"8,;
.-+ #1#0',.(*-*&+ "- (.+'(',2(?. &*,2-'()- #1&0- 0&10#*,;
2(&.*# ;D .# '0-.+M#04-.*#; -3,&""-+ *(M&0&.2(-+ +#2(-"&+
D 2,"',0-"&+ 2#. "-+ 3,& (.80&+-. "#+ -",4.#+C

!+'# .#+ 1&04('& -10&2(-06 1#0 ,. "-*#6 2,N. (41#0'-.'&

0&+,"'- #M0&2&0 #0(&.'-2(?. - "#+ %?)&.&+ 3,& &+'N. -'0-;
)&+-.*# '-" '0-.+(2(?.6 $0(.*N.*#"&+ &+1-2(#+ 3,& "&+
1&04('-. -.'(2(1-0+& D #$'&.&0 (.M#04-2(?. +#$0& "#+ )L.;
2,"#+ 3,& 1#*0N. &+'-$"&2&0 &. "- &+2,&"-6 "-+ 2-0-2'&0L+;
'(2-+ *&" +&2,.*-0(# D "-+ &F(8&.2(-+ *&" &+',*(#C b&
-2,&0*# - "#+ 0&+,"'-*#+ *& &+'& '0-$-%#6 &+'#+ M-2'#0&+
+#. 2"-)&+ 1-0- 9+&.'(0+& 10&1-0-*#< 1-0- (.(2(-0 &+'-
.,&)- &'-1-C
7#0 #'0# "-*#6 .#+ -*)(&0'& -2&02- *& "- (41#0'-.2(- *&
$0(.*-0 M#04-2(?. - "#+ 10#M&+#0&+ *& "#+ 10(4&0#+ -5#+
*&" .()&" 4&*(#6 &. M,.2(?. *&" 0&2#.#2(4(&.'# *& "- 0&"&;
)-.2(- *& +, 0#" &. &" -1#D# +#2(-" D -M&2'()# *& "#+ -",4;
.#+6 (.*(+1&.+-$"& 1-0- &" *&+-00#""# +-'(+M-2'#0(# *& +,+
'0-D&2'#0(-+ &*,2-'()-+ D +#2(-"&+C
:#.+(*&0-4#+6 -*&4N+6 3,& +& '0-.+M#04- &. ,.- 10(#0(;
*-* 3,& "-+ &+2,&"-+ (41"&4&.'&. &+'0-'&8(-+ 3,& 10#1(;
2(&. ,. (.'&02-4$(# 4N+ E,(*# &.'0& 10#M&+#0&+ D -",4.#+
-+L 2#4# ,. &.2,&.'0# &.'0& "- 2,"',0- %,)&.(" D "- &+2#"-0C
B+(4(+4#6 +& 1"-.'&- "- .&2&+(*-* *& *&+-00#""-0 (.'&0;
)&.2(#.&+ *& #0(&.'-2(?. 2#. "#+ -",4.#+ - "#+ H.&+ *&
-D,*-0"#+ - +&.'(0+& 4&%#0 10&1-0-*#+ 1-0- -M0#.'-0 "-
'0-.+(2(?. - "- &+2,&"- *&" .()&" 4&*(#C !+'-+ (.'&0)&.2(#;
.&+6 3,& -*#1'-. ,. 2-0N2'&0 10&)&.'()#6 *&$&0L-. &.M#;
2-0+& R-2(- "-+ 0&10&+&.'-2(#.&+ 3,& "#+ %?)&.&+ '(&.&.
+#$0& "-+ &F(8&.2(-+ D "-+ 2-0-2'&0L+'(2-+ *& "- &+2,&"-
+&2,.*-0(- D +,+ -2'#0&+6 1-0- 3,& &""#+ 1,&*-. -.'(2(1-0

140 DE LA PÁGINA 133 A LA 141

 FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA - UBA / SECRETARÍA DE INVESTIGACIONES / ANUARIO DE INVESTIGACIONES / VOLUMEN XVIII
!5! !%*+'"&(+(1+,2 65+*'"
B$&0-+',0D6 B C XKhh\]C !" +L.*0#4& *& "- -*#"&+2&.2(- .#04-"C [.
&.M#3,& 1+(2#-.-"L'(2#C A,&.#+ B(0&+6 !*('#0(-" 7-(*?+C
B(+&.+#.6 bC XKhhY]C 9Q0(&.'-2(?. v#2-2(#.-" D Q2,1-2(#.-" &. @0,1#+
*& 7-0&+ - '0-)a+ *& 70#80-4-+ :#4,.('-0(#+<C G)-##-'63!A)$7#'
2#-9!7#"'X%-'1<#'dIe"C G(+$#-C `.'&0.-'(#.-" B++#2(-'(#. M#0 !*,2-'(#;
.-" -.* v#2-'(#.-" @,(*-.2&C G(+$#- X7#0',8-"] 1 KJY;KKIC
B(+&.+#.6 bCXIJJg]O !.M#3,&+6 #$%&'()#+ D 10N2'(2-+ *& "- 7+(2#"#;
8L- *& "- Q0(&.'-2(?.C G-+ '0-.+(2(#.&+ *& "#+ %?)&.&+ *&+*& "-
1&0+1&2'()- *& "- 7+(2#"#8L- *& "- Q0(&.'-2(?.C O-#$A!>)^#"&'
"3^#1%"'F'#"7#$)-!%"E'R$9#"1!.)7!%$#"'F'O-D71!7)"'#$'5"!7%/%.:)'
MA37)7!%$)/C d#+a B.'#.(# :-+'#0(.-6 b(-.- B(+&.+#.6 ^#0-
!"(2R(0D6 B"(2(- G&./(6 S(")(- S2R"&4&.+#. X2##0*+C] A,&.#+ B(;
0&+C !*('#0(-" ^Qv!b[:C 1 gK;hY
B(+&.+#.6 b XIJJ\] 9!" +&.'(*# *& "- &F1&0(&.2(- &+2#"-0 1-0- "#+
%?)&.&+ &. "- +#2(&*-* -2',-"C :#.+'0,22(?. (*&.'('-0(- D 10#2&;
+#+ *& (.2",+(?.u4-08(.-2(?. +#2(-"<C
7,$"(2-*# &. b#++(&0 *& k&)(+'- *&" :#"&8(# 70#M&+(#.-" *& 7+(2?;
"#8#+ *& S-"'-C 11C e;KIC
B(+&.+#.6 bC6 v(08("(6 ^C6 k()-0#"- A0('&/6 >CkC6 k()&0#6 >CGC6 7#"-+'0(6
@C6 S(.(,U6 bC f S2RT-02/6 dC XIJKJ] S&8,(4(&.'# *& "#+ &+',*(-.;
'&+ 3,& 1-0'(2(1-0#. &. ,. 10#80-4- *& #0(&.'-2(?. &. 80,1#C
$3)-!%' A#' R$9#"1!.)7!%$#"C S&20&'-0L- *& `.)&+'(8-2(#.&+6 c-;
2,"'-* *& 7+(2#"#8L- [ABC qv``C
B(+&.+#.6 bC6 v(08("(6 ^C6 S(.(,U6 bC6 7#"-+'0(6 @C6 k()&0#6 >CGC6 k(;
)-0#"- A0('&/6 >CkC6 S2RT-02/6 d f 7-"4- B02&6 :C XIJJh] B2&0;
2- *& "-+ )-"#0-2(#.&+ *& %?)&.&+ 3,& 1-0'(2(1-0#. &. &" 10#80-;
4- *& #0(&.'-2(?. 9P0-.+(2(?.O P&04(.-.*# "- &+2,&"-
+&2,.*-0(- D -.'(2(1-.*# 4( M,',0#<C f#U%-!)"'A#/'RR'G%$.-#"%'
R$1#-$)7!%$)/'A#'R$9#"1!.)7!N$'F'5-D71!7)'5-%X#"!%$)/'#$'5"!7%Q
/%.:)E' S&20&'-0L- *& `.)&+'(8-2(#.&+ c-2,"'-* *& 7+(2#"#8L-
[ABCqv``6 1K;e
B(+&.+#.6 bC6 B(+&.+#.6 @C_ G&8-+1(6 GC_ v-"&./,&"-6 vC_ 7#"-+'0(6 @C
f b,0#6 GC XIJJ\] !" +&.'(*# *&" &+',*(# D &" '0-$-%# 1-0- "#+ %?;
)&.&+ 3,& H.-"(/-. "- &+2,&"- *& .()&" 4&*(#C [. -.N"(+(+ *&+*&
"- 1&0+1&2'()- *& "- 7+(2#"#8L- *& "- Q0(&.'-2(?.C $3)-!%'A#'R$Q
9#"1!.)7!%$#"C S&20&'-0L- *& `.)&+'(8-2(#.&+6 c-2,"'-* *& 7+(;
2#"#8L- [ABC qv6 11 gK;\J
B(+&.+#.6 bC6 B(+&.+#.6 @C6 A-'""&6 SC6 G&8-+1(6 GC6 >#.&*&0#6 cC6
v-"&./,&"-6 vC6 &' -"C XIJJg] b& "- #0(&.'-2(?. )#2-2(#.-" - "-
7+(2#"#8L- *& "- Q0(&.'-2(?.C b&+-00#""# *& ,.- "L.&- *& (.)&+'(;
8-2(?. - "# "-08# *& 2(.2# &+',*(#+C !. dC BC :-+'#0(.-6 bC B(+&.;
+#.6 ^C !"(2R(0D6 BC G&./( f SC S2R"&4&.+#. X:##0*+C] O-#$A!Q
>)^#"&' "3^#1%"' F' #"7#$)-!%"E' R$9#"1!.)7!%$#"' F' O-D71!7)"' #$'
5"!7%/%.:)' MA37)7!%$)/ X11C ZK;gJ]C A,&.#+ B(0&+O !*(2(#.&+
^#)&*-*&+ !*,2-'()-+C
B(+&.+#.6 bC f !3,(1# *& `.)&+'(8-2(#.&+ XIJJI]E'(#"O3Y"'A#'/)'
#"73#/)E' H-)$"!7!N$&' 7%$"1-377!N$' A#' O-%F#71%"&' 1-)F#71%-!)"' #'
!A#$1!A)A'A#'/%"'^N9#$#"E :(,*-* *& A,&.#+ B(0&+O ![b!ABC
B.-'0&""-6 P XKhhg]C R$1#-U!$)\/#"')A%/#"7#$7#"E 7-0(+O :#""&2'(#.
!'R(3,& &' +#2(a'aC
A-"-0*(.(6 SC ?N9#$#"&'1#7$%/%.:)&'O)-1!7!O)7!N$'F'7%$"3U%E'b(+1#.(;
$"& &. $($"(#'&2- )(0',-"C 2"-2+#C#086 2"-2+#C#08C-0u-0u"($0#+u2D8u%,;
)&.',*u$-"-0*(.(C*#2 X2#.+,"'-*# &. >-0/# *& IJKK]
A&0.+'&(.6 AC XKhgY] G-.8-8& &' 2"-++&+ +#2(-"&+C :#*&+ +#2(#;"(.;
8n(+'(3,&+ &' 2#.'0#"& +#2(-"C 7-0(+6 w*('(#.+ *& >(.,('C
A#,0*(&,6 7C XKhh\] G)O!1)/'73/13-)/&'#"73#/)'F'#"O)7!%'"%7!)/E >aF(;
2#O S(8"# qq`C
A0#.M&.$0&..&06 [C XKh\g] G- !2#"#8L- b&" b&+-00#""# l,4-.#C !F1&;
0(4&.'#+ &. &.'#0.#+ .-',0-"&+ D *(+&5-*#+C A-02&"#.-O 7-(*?+C
:#,"#.6 BC XKhhi] M1$%U#1%A%/%.:)'F'#A37)7!N$C A-02&"#.-O 7-(*?+C
b,$&'6 cC f >-0',2&""(6 bCXKhh\]'M$'/)'M"73#/)&'2%7!%/%.:)'A#'/)'#`Q
O#-!#$7!)'#"7%/)-C !*C G#+-*-O >-*0(*
b,2R-'/UD6 SC XKhh\]C G- &+2,&"- 2#4# M0#.'&0-C k&E&F(#.&+ +#$0&
"#+ +&.'(*#+ *& "- &F1&0(&.2(- &*,2-'()- 1-0- %?)&.&+ *& +&2'#;
0&+ 1#1,"-0&+C 5-%O3#"1)'#A37)1!9)&*V&'KQ*J
DE LA PÁGINA 133 A LA 141
!0(U+#.6 !C lC XKhgK] RA#$1!A)A&'^39#$13A'F'7-!"!"E'A,&.#+ B(0&+O 7-(*?+C
c("4,+6 bC XIJJK] G- &*,2-2(?. 4&*(- M0&.'& -" 4&02-*# *& '0-$-%#O
2-*- )&/ 41-+ .&2&+-0(-6 2-*- )&/ 4N+ (.+,H2(&.'&C !. A0-+;
"-+UD6 :C XQ08C] ;)'#A37)7!N$'"#73$A)-!)'gG)U\!%'%'!$U31)\!/!Q
A)Ah' $D/!"!"'F'A#\)1#'A#'O-%7#"%"'#3-%O#%"'F'/)1!$%)U#-!7)Q
$%"'7%$1#UO%-D$#%"E'A,&.#+ B(0&+O ``7! [^!S:Q6 !*(2(#.&+
S-.'(""-.-C
@(4&.# S-20(+'N.6 d XKhhe]C ;)'1-)$"!7!N$')'/)'#A37)7!N$'"#73$A)Q
-!)E'(!"7%$1!$3!A)A#"'#$'/)"'73/13-)"'#"7%/)-#"C >-*0(*O !*(2(#;
.&+ >#0-'-6 SkG
@"-++&06 AC f S'0-,++6 BC XKheg]C H<#'A!"7%9#-F'%X'6-%3$A#A'H<#%-FZ'
21-)1#.!#"'X%-'i3)/!1)1!9#'8#"#)-7<C ^,&)- m#0UO B"*(.&C
@,(2R-0*6 dC f l,'&-,6> XIJJe] 7+D2R#"#8(& *& "VQ0(&.'-'(#.C 7-;
0(+6 b[^Qb6 Ija*('(#.C
@0D.+1-.6 kC XIJKJ] B"8,.-+ .#'-+ +#$0& "#+ %?)&.&+6 &" &41"&# D
"-+ 1#"L'(2-+ +#2(-"&+C !. WG`WSA!k@6 AC X:#41+C] M"'A!X:7!/'"#-'
^%9#$'#$' UY-!7)';)1!$)E';%"'A#")X:%"')\!#-1%"E A,&.#+ B(0&+O
S,*-4&0(2-.-C
d-2(.'#6 :C XIJJg] (!).$N"1!7%&' 1#$"!%$#"' F' -#7%U#$A)7!%$#"' A#'
O%/:1!7)' #$' -#/)7!N$' 7%$' /%"' 9:$73/%"' #$1-#' #A37)7!N$' F' X%-U)Q
7!N$' /)\%-)/' A#' /)' O%\/)7!N$' )A%/#"7#$1#E' A,&.#+ B(0&+O
[^`:!cC k&2,1&0-*# &" iJ *& #2',$0& *& IJKJ &. R''1OuuTTTC
,.(2&MC#08u-08&.'(.-u+1-.(+Rud-2(.'#x*(-8.#+'(2#C1*M
d-2(.'#6 :C XIJJe] ;)'#"73#/)'U#A!)E'8#j#`!%$#"'"%\-#'/)').#$A)'
A#'/)'!$7/3"!N$'7%$'7)/!A)AE'(%73U#$1%'\D"!7%E'A,&.#+ B(0&+O
c,.*-2(?. S-.'(""-.-C
d-2(.'#6 : XKhhe] G#+ %?)&.&+ D &" '0-$-%#C b& "- (.+&02(?. "-$#0-" -
"- '0-.+(2(?. "-08- D 2#41"&%-C !. :#.'&41#0-.&(*-*& & &*,;
2-y-#C kL# *& d-.&(0#O `.+'(','# *& !+',*(#+ *- :,"',0- & !*,;
2-y-# 2#.'(.,-*-C
d-2(.'#6 : f :-(""#*+6 c XIJJe] f#^%-)-'/)'#_3!A)A'#$'/)'#A37)7!N$'
\D"!7)E';#77!%$#"'A#'O-%.-)U)"'-#7!#$1#"'#$' UY-!7)';)1!$)E'
7-0(+O [^!S:Q
>-08,"(+6 > XIJJh] B*#"&+2&.2(- D 2,"',0- &. "- B08&.'(.-C !. S#;
2(#"#8L- *& "- :,"',0-C A,&.#+ B(0&+C !*('#0(-" A($"#+C
7-0U&+6 :C>C XKhgK] z7+D2R#;+#2(-" '0-.+('(#.+ O B H&"* M#0 +',*D z6
S#2(-" S2(&.2&+ -.* >&*(2(.&6Y6KJK;KKY
k(2R-0*+#.6 >C SC6 :#.+'-.'(.&6 WC f {-+R$,0.6 >C XIJJY]C 9^&T
*(0&2'(#.+ M#0 'R&#0D *&)&"#14&.' (. )#2-'(#.-" 1+D2R#"#8D< 6 `.
{C AC {-"+R f >C GC S-)(2U-+ X!*+C]6 l-.*$##U #M v#2-'(#.-"
7+D2R#"#8D Xi0* &*C6 11C YK;\Z]C >-RT-R6 ^dO G-T0&.2& !0";
$-,4 B++C
k#++-.#6 BC !" 1-+-%& *& "- 10(4-0(- - "- +&2,.*-0(- 2#4# '0-.+(;
2(?. &*,2-'()- &. P&0(8(6 cC (!#>'U!-)A)"'"%\-#'/)'#"73#/)'O-!Q
U)-!) XIJJe] A,&.#+ B(0&+O +(8"# qq`
S-)(2U-+6 >C GC6 ^#'-6 GC6 k#++(&06 dC6 b-,T-"*&06 dC;7C6 b,-0'&C >C
!C6 @,(2R-0*6 dC6 S#0&+(6 SC6 v-. !+$0#&2U6 kC f v-. v(-.&.6 BC
!C >C XIJJh]C 9G(M& *&+(8.(.8O B 1-0-*(84 M#0 2-0&&0 2#.+'0,2;
'(#. (. 'R& IK+' 2&.',0D<C d#,0.-" #M v#2-'(#.-" A&R-)(#06 gY6
Iih;IYJ
P&.'( c-.M-.(6 !C XIJJJ]C :,"',0-+ %,)&.("&+ D 2,"',0- &+2#"-0 &. M"Q
7%/)'?%9#UZ'3$'$%9%'%/<)-'"%\-#'%'#$"!$%'UYA!%6 >(.(+'&0(# *-
!*,2-y-#C S&20&'-0(- *& !*,2-y-# >a*(- & P&2.#"?8(2-C :##0;
*&.-y-#;@&0-" *& !.+(.# >a*(#CA0-+("(-C
m#,.86 kCB f :#""(.6 B XIJJZ] 9`.'0#*,2'(#. O 2#.+'0,2'()(+4 -.* +#;
2(-" 2#.+'0,2'(#.(+4 (. 'R& 2-0&&0 H&"*<C ?%3-$)/' %X' ,%7)1!%$)/'
\#<)9!%-6eZ6 igi;i\\
c&2R- *& 0&2&12(?.O iK *& 4-0/# *& IJKK
c&2R- *& -2&1'-2(?.O Ie *& +&1'(&4$0& *& IJKK
141