Lesson Plan in Mathematics (Grade 8)

I. Learning Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
1. Derive the quadratic formula from the general form of quadratic equation
2. Identify the steps in finding the roots of quadratic equations using quadratic
formula
3. Solve quadratic equations using quadratic formula
II. Content: Finding roots of quadratic equation using quadratic formula
III. Learning Resources
Materials: Book, chalk/marker, board, colored papers
Reference: EASE Module Second year Quadratic Equations, Module 3
Chapter 2 Quadratic Equations pp. 47-53(LM)
IV. Procedures
A. Preliminary/Motivation
The class will be divided into three groups. Their task is to find the words
and the quadratic formula written in colored papers that are hidden in the classroom.
The first group should be able to find the word “Quadratic”, the second group should be
able to find the word “Formula” and the third group should find the formula. Every group
will be given a riddle that pertains to the place where the words can be located. The
students are not yet aware of what the words and the formula are. In each place where
the words and the formula are hidden, there are 2 envelopes that contain the wrong
words and formulas while the 3 rd envelope contains the right one. There’s a written
number problem outside the 3 envelopes. The students’ duty is to solve for it and the
problem that will come up with an answer of 1 is the right envelope.
B. Presentation of the topic
What are the two words that you found during the game? What is the
formula that you found?

C. Lesson Proper
1.) Development of the concept

Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

1. Did you know some methods on how Yes, we already know factoring and
to find the roots of quadratic equations? completing the square are some methods
on how to find the roots of quadratic
equation since it is our previous lesson.
2. Did you know that the quadratic No, we did not know that the quadratic
formula is one of the techniques on formula is one of the techniques on
finding the roots of quadratic equations? finding the roots of quadratic equations.

3. Let’s recall. What is the general form of The general form of a quadratic equation
a quadratic equation? is ax2+bx+c=0.

4. You learned how to solve quadratic
equations using completing the square.
Since the general form is ax2+bx+c=0,
can we derive the quadratic formula from
the general form using the completing the
square?
Yes, we can derive the quadratic formula
from the general form using completing
the square since it is a method of solving
for the value of x.

5. Since there’s a coefficient beside x2 To cancel a, divide the equation all

which is a, what should we do to cancel throughout by a.
it? b c
ax2+bx+c=0 x2+ x+ =0
a a
a

c c
6. What should we do to ? Transpose to the other side that will
a a
−c b −c
make it . The equation is x2+ x=
a a a

b
7. What should we do to to make the
a b
equation at the left side a perfect square Divide by 2 then raise it to 2.
a
trinomial based on the method in b 2 b 1 b 2
completing the square? = * =
a a 2 2a
2
b 2
Add to both sides.
2a
bx b 2 b 2 c
X2+ + = -
a 2a 2a a
8. Since the equation on the left side is a
perfect square trinomial, what should we
do next? bx b 2
Factor the equation X2+ + and
a 2a
simplify the equation at the right
9. What should we do to cancel the b 2 b2 - c b 2
exponent of two of the equation at the left (x+ ) = (x+ ) =
2a 4a 2
a 2 a
side?
b2−4 ac
4 a2
 To cancel the exponent, we should
10. If an equation has a square root, what square both sides.
does it mean? b b2−4 ac

b
√ (x + )2

b
2a √
=
2
√ b −4 ac
4 a2

11. What should we do to to finally X+ =

2a 2a √ 4 a2
b b2−4 ac
= √
solve for the value of x?
X+
2a 2a
It may be positive or negative so it will
b ± b 2−4 ac
become X+ = √
2a 2a

b
12. You said that when there’s a square Transpose to the other side so it will
2a
root, it may be positive or negative. Does
−b ± √ b 2−4 ac
it also mean that the value of x may have become negative. X=
2a 2a
two values in the quadratic equation?
The two terms have the same
13. Let’s consider the formula denominator so we can easily simplify it.
The simplified form is
−b ± √b 2−4 ac
X= and the general form −b ± √b 2−4 ac
2a X=
ax2+bx+c=0, what do you think is the 2a
connection between the letters a, b and
c? Yes, it may have two values because the
two signs (positive and negative) means
14. For example we have the equation that there are also two operations since it
x2+x-6=0, then what is the first step we is after –b.
should do to solve for its roots?
If we already have an equation, we can
already find the values of a, b and c, the
15. What are the next steps if we already values of a, b and c should be substituted
have the values of a, b and c? to the quadratic formula to solve for the
values of x.

The first step is to find the values of a, b

and c.
a=1; b=1; c=-6

Substitute the values of a, b and c to the

quadratic formula.
a=1; b=1; c=-6
−1± √ (1)2−4 (1)(−6)
x= , then perform the
2( 1)
16. Using quadratic formula, how can we operations
solve the equation 2x2-7x+3=0? −1± √ 1+ 24
x=
2
−1± √ 25
x=
2
−1+ 5 −1−5
x1= x2=
2 2
4 −6
x1= x 2=
2 2
x1=2 x2=-3

First, find the values of a, b and c.

a=2; b=-7; c=3
Substitute the values to the formula.
−(−7) ± √(−7)2−4(2)(3)
2. Generalization x= ,then perform
2(2)
1. What method can be used to derive the operations.
the quadratic formula from the general 7 ± √ 49−24
x=
form of the quadratic equation? 4
7 ± √ 25
x=
2. What is the formula that can be 4
used to find the roots of quadratic 7+5 7−5
x1= x2=
equations? 4 2
12 2
x1= x2=
4 4
3. What are the steps in using 1
quadratic formula to solve quadratic x1=3 x 2=
2
equations?

3. Drill
Use the quadratic formula to find The method that can be used to derive
the roots of the following. the quadratic formula is completing the
square.
1. x2-3x-10=0
2. x2-3x-4=0 The formula that can be used to find the
3. x2-6x+5=0 roots of quadratic equations is quadratic
4. 2x2+8x=0 −b ± √b 2−4 ac
5. -2x2-5x+3=0 formula which is X= .
2a

1. Look for the values of a, b and c.

2. Substitute the values of a, b and c in
the formula.
 3. Perform the operations to solve.
V. Evaluation
1. How can we derive the quadratic formula from the general form of quadratic
equation?
2. Show the steps in finding the roots of a quadratic equation using quadratic
formula?
3. Solve x2-11+30= 0 using quadratic formula.
VI. Assignment
Use the quadratic formula to find the roots of the following.
1. x2+2x-3=0
2. x2+4x+3=0
3. 2x2-15x=0
4. 2x2+7x+5=0
5. x2-10x+21=0

VII. Remarks
The discussion wasn’t able to cover all the topics included in the lesson plan
because the time intended was not enough. The only objective that was attained was
the derivation of the quadratic formula. The continuation of the lesson will be discussed
next meeting.

VIII. Reflection
The preliminary made the students became energized and prepared for the
discussion or lesson proper. The inquiry-based method that was used in developing the
lesson helped the teacher to bring success on imparting the knowledge to the students.
The inquiry-based method made the students became more active because it was seen
on their performance. Therefore, the same method may be used for the discussion next
meeting.

Prepared by:
CHARINA A. PADILLA
BSEd 4-S