Discrimination is treatment or consideration of, or making a distinction in favor of or against, a

person or thing based on the group, class, or category to which that person or thing belongs
rather than on individual merit.

1. Religious discrimination is valuing or treating a person or group differently because of

what they do or do not believe. Specifically, it is when adherents of different religions (or
denominations) are treated unequally, either before the law or in institutional settings such as
employment or housing.
2. Sexism or gender discrimination is prejudice or discrimination based on a person's sex
or gender. Sexism can affect anyone, although it is especially documented as affecting the
female sex.[1] It has been linked to stereotypes and gender roles,[2][3] and may include the belief
that one sex or gender is intrinsically superior to another.[4] Extreme sexism may foster sexual
harassment, rapeand other forms of sexual violence.
3. Ableism or ablism[1] (/ˈeɪblɪzəm/) is a form of discrimination or social prejudice against
people with disabilities. It may also be referred to as disability discrimination, ablecentrism,
[2]
 physicalism, handicapism, and disability oppression.[3] It is also sometimes known
as disablism, although there is some dispute as to whether ableism and disablism are
synonymous, and some people within disability rights circles find the latter term's use
inaccurate. Discrimination faced by those who have or are perceived to have a mental
disorder is sometimes called mentalism rather than ableism.
4. Ageism (also spelled "agism") is stereotyping and discriminating against individuals or
groups on the basis of their age. This may be casual or systematic. [1][2] The term was coined in
1969 by Robert Neil Butler to describe discrimination against seniors, and patterned
on sexism and racism.[3] Butler defined "ageism" as a combination of three connected elements.
Among them were prejudicial attitudes towards older people, old age, and the aging process;
discriminatory practices against older people; and institutional practices and policies that
perpetuate stereotypes about elderly people.[4]
5. The term has also been used to describe prejudice and discrimination
against adolescents and children, including ignoring their ideas because they are too young, or
assuming that they should behave in certain ways because of their age. [5]
6. Discrimination based on skin color, or colorism, is a form
of prejudice or discrimination in which human beings are treated differently based on the social
meanings attached to skin color.[1]
7. Colorism, a term coined by Alice Walker in 1982,[2] is not a synonym of racism. "Race"
depends on multiple factors (including ancestry); therefore, racial categorization does not solely
rely on skin color. Skin color is only one mechanism used to assign individuals to a racial
category, but race is the set of beliefs and assumptions assigned to that category. Racism is the
dependence of social status on the social meaning attached to race; colorism is the dependence
of social status on skin color alone. In order for a form of discrimination to be considered
colorism, differential treatment must not result from racial categorization, but from the social
values associated with skin color.[1]
8. Colorism can be found specifically in parts of Africa,[3] Southeast Asia,[4] East Asia,
[5]
 India,[6] Latin America,[7] and the United States.[1] The abundance of colorism is a result of the
global prevalence of “pigmentocracy,” a term recently adopted by social scientists to describe
societies in which wealth and social status are determined by skin color. Throughout the
numerous pigmentocracies across the world, the lightest-skinned peoples have the highest
social status, followed by the brown-skinned, and finally the black-skinned who are at the
bottom of the social hierarchy. This form of prejudice often results in reduced opportunities for
those who are discriminated against on the basis of skin color. [8]