ABAP On HANA

ABAP ON HANA
Anversha Shahulhameed
Lead Consultant
10-Jan-2018
© 2017 Wipro wipro.com confidential 1

Agenda
1 ABAP Shift to HANA Paradigm, Adv. OPEN

SQL and Basic Join operations.
2 ABAP CDS Views, advanced features etc.
AMDP methods, Consuming in ABAP and

3
usage of CE Functions.
4 HANA SQL Best Practices

OPEN SQL
Paradigm changes in developing applications
ABAP ABAP on HANA
Application
Mass Mass
data
Database data
 Push down data intense computations and calculations to the HANA DB layer .
 Avoid bringing all the data to the ABAP layer and the processing the data to do
computations.
 Code-to-Data paradigm in the context of developing ABAP applications optimized for
HANA.

OPEN SQL
Moving from ABAP to SAP ABAP on HANA

Shift in priorities of classic golden SQL rules for SAP HANA
Shift in priorities for SAP HANA
 Avoid selecting large numbers of not

required columns
 Prefer array operations for INSERT,

UPDATE und DELETE when changing
many records
 Avoid nested SELECT loops
 In most cases SAP HANA does not

require secondary indices
 Keep unnecessary load away from the

database
 Code pushdown for data-intensive
calculations to benefit from SAP HANA

OPEN SQL
Open SQL vs Native SQL.
 Open SQL allows you to access the database tables declared in the ABAP dictionary regardless of the database
platform that the R/3 system is using.
 Native SQL allows you to use database-specific SQL statements in an ABAP/4 program. This means that you can use
database tables that are not administered by ABAP dictionary, and therefore integrate data that is not part of the R/3
system.

OPEN SQL
Advantages of using Open SQL to do code push down

 Your ABAP code will remain database agnostic and will run on any ABAP server independent what
is the underlying database
 You implicitly take advantage of all transparent optimizations that have been achieved in the
Database Interface level
 All default performance optimizations like use of buffer and house keeping activities like client
handling etc are automatically taken care.
How do we use open SQL.
 Start using the new Open SQL syntax. Remember it is easy to convert your existing Open SQL
statements to new syntax without any side effects.
 Use aggregate functions where relevant instead of doing the aggregations in the ABAP layer.
 Use arithmetic and string expressions within Open SQL statements instead of looping over the data
fetched to do the arithmetic and string operations
 Use computed columns in order to push down computations that would otherwise be done in a
long loops
 Use CASE and/or IF..ELSE expressions within the Open SQL in order embed the logic of conditional
expression which in the past would have been done after fetching the results from the database.

OPEN SQL
Advanced Open SQL

Implemented by ABAP statements, this is a subset of the Structured Query Language (SQL) comprising the DML (Data
Manipulation Language) part. The statements of Open SQL use the Open SQL interface to access, independently of the
platform, the database tables of the database of an AS ABAP that are defined in the ABAP Dictionary.
Basic idea: support more standard SQL features(for SAP HANA as well as for
traditional database platforms)
Extended JOIN-support
 it is possible to nest JOIN-statements (i.e. to specify JOINson the ‘right hand-side’ of a
JOIN-condition)
Support for literals

 ABAP constants and ABAP variables can be used in the projection list
Expression support
 CASE-statements can be used in the projection list, nesting is possible
 Arithmetic expressions for integral, decimal and floating point calculations (e.g. +, -, *, DIV,
MOD)
 String expressions (concatenation of columns with &&)
 SQL functions (e.g. CAST)

OPEN SQL
Advanced Open SQL

Example
SELECT product_id && ',' && @space && category AS product, concatenation of columns
CASE tax_tarif_code
WHEN 1 THEN price * @lc_factor_1
WHEN 2 THEN price * @lc_factor_2 CASE-statement
WHEN 3 THEN price * @lc_factor_3
END AS price_vat, projection list separated by
currency_code AS currency commas
FROM snwd_pd
INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS of @ls_result ABAP constants / variables
WHERE product_id IN @so_prod. escaped by @
WRITE: / ls_result-product,
ls_result-price_vat CURRENCY ls_result-currency,
ls_result-currency.
ENDSELECT.

OPEN SQL
OPEN SQL - Advances
 Maximum number of tables supported in Open SQL JOIN clauses has been increased to 50
 Maximum number of sub-queries supported in an Open SQL statement has been increased from
9 to 50

OPEN SQL
Select – INNER JOIN
Returns all rows when there is at

least one match in BOTH tables
SELECT column name(s)

FROM table1
INNER JOIN table2
ON table1.column_name=table2.column_name;

OPEN SQL
Select – LEFT OUTER JOIN
Returns all rows from

the left table (table1),
with the matching rows
in the right table
(table2).
The result is NULL in the
right side when there is
no match
FROM table1
Left Outer Join table2

OPEN SQL
Select – RIGHT OUTER JOIN
Returns all rows from the

right table (table2), with
the matching rows in the
left table.
The result is NULL in the
left side when there is no
match

FROM table1
Right Outer Join table2

OPEN SQL
Select – FULL OUTER JOIN
Returns all rows from the

left table (table1) and
from the right table
(table2).
The result is combination
of the result of both LEFT
and RIGHT joins
FROM table1
FULL Outer Join table2
ON table1.column_name =table2.column_name;

OPEN SQL
Select – UNION / UNION DISTINCT
Returns all rows from both the tables without duplicates

 Each SELECT
statement within the
UNION must have the
same number of
columns.
 The columns must

also have similar data
types, But can vary in
length
SELECT column name(s) FROM table1 WHERE

<CONDITION1>
UNION / UNION DISTINCT
SELECT column name(s) FROM table2 WHERE
<CONDITION2> ;

OPEN SQL
Select – UNION ALL / INTERSECT / EXCEPT
UNION INTERSECT EXCEPT

UNION
Return all rows from both the tables
with duplicates
INTERSECT
Returns the distinct rows from both SELECT column name(s) FROM table1
the tables
WHERE <CONDITION1>
UNION ALL / INTERSECT/EXCEPT
SELECT column name(s) FROM table2
EXCEPT WHERE <CONDITION2> ;
Returns distinct rows from left table
that aren’t in the right side table

OPEN SQL
Performance adjustments

ABAP CDS Views

Core Data Services
Code-to-Data Paradigm
Overview Code-to-Data ---- Top-Down Approach (≥ NW AS ABAP 7.40 SP05)

Core Data Services
Core Data Service @ ABAP

Core Data Services
CDS: Common Basis for Domain-Specific

Frameworks

Core Data Services
CDS Views
A Database-oriented programming model is supported better through:
 A new and advanced Open SQL, supporting considerably more of the SQL-92
standard
 New capabilities to define views. Definition capabilities were extended to have a Tight-
Database-Programming-Model by introducing a common set of domain-specific
languages and services for defining and consuming semantically rich data models –
called Core Data Services
 Using HANA Specific Features

Core Data Services
Paradigm Changes in Application Programming

Core Data Services
Core Data Services (CDS): Building Block for Timeless

Software
Availability of CDS in SAP Platforms
 SAP NetWeaver 7.4 SP05

 SAP HANA SPS6
 SAP Business Suite EHP7 (Suite on HANA)
 S/4HANA
 SAP Business Warehouse 7.3

Core Data Services
Core Data Services – A Family of Domain Specific

Languages

Core Data Services
Advantages of CDS Views

Property CDS View ABAP View
Arithmetic Operations Yes No
Dynamic Fields Yes No

Buffering Options Yes No
Dynamic Where Clause Yes No
Offset Field Selection Yes No
String Operations Yes No

Reusability Yes No
Flexibility Yes No
Parameters/Defaults Yes No

Core Data Services
Code Push-Down Scenarios with CDS

Core Data Services
Annotations

Core Data Servcies
Annotations in CDS views

Core Data Services
Example – CDS Views
View Name
Joining
conditions

Core Data Servcies
Parameters in CDS View

 Filter the data during selection process at database
level itself
 No need to put additional filtering (where condition)
at ABAP Layer
 Code to Data shift
 Choose the template
 Define View with Parameters
 Provide the parameter name and parameter type
 Multiple parameters in a CDS View, separated by a
comma.

Core Data Servcies
Parameters in CDS View Cont..

Core Data Servcies
Consume CDS View in ABAP Program

Session 1
CDS Built-in (SQL) Expressions

Session 1
CDS Built-in Expressions Overview

*Below is a sample list. Current version is having more options

Example: Currency Conversion
Session 1

Core Data Servcies
Example: String Function
Sub string Data

AMDP(ABAP
MANAGED DATA BASE
PROCEDURES)

AMDP
AMDP(ABAP MANAGED DATA BASE PROCEDURES)- Design
Sub string Data

AMDP
AMDP- Advantages
Compare Database Procedure as a function stored and executed in the database.
In SAP HANA implementation language is SQLScript.
 Allowing developers to write database procedures directly in ABAP
 Only the AMDP class has to be transported with ABAP transport mechanism.
 AMDP manages SQLScript source code in AS ABAP
 AMDP integrates SQLScript syntax check in ABAP syntax check
 AMDP creates and manages stored procedure runtime objects on HDB in the ABAP AS
database schema

AMDP
AMDP- Features
 Static check code and Syntax coloring are provided for embedded SQLScript
 The user can set a Background color for better visibility AMDP methods in the class.
 The User can access other AMDP methods, ABAP dictionary view and ABAP tables in AMDP method.
 AMDP method are called like other regular ABAP methods.
 User can perform detailed analysis of various error during runtime in transaction ST22
 Modification or Enhancement of regular ABAP classes can be done by Users.

AMDP
AMDP- Prerequisites
Classes which will act as a container for AMDPs have to implement a so called
Marker Interface IF_AMDP_MARKER_HDB.

AMDP
AMDP- Implementation

AMDP
AMDP- Call scenarios

Thank You
Anversha Shahulhameed
Lead Consultant

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© 2017 Wipro wipro.com confidential 1

1 ABAP Shift to HANA Paradigm, Adv. OPEN

2 ABAP CDS Views, advanced features etc.

AMDP methods, Consuming in ABAP and

4 HANA SQL Best Practices

Paradigm changes in developing applications

ABAP ABAP on HANA

© 2017 Wipro wipro.com confidential 3

Moving from ABAP to SAP ABAP on HANA

Shift in priorities for SAP HANA

 Avoid selecting large numbers of not

 Prefer array operations for INSERT,

 In most cases SAP HANA does not

 Keep unnecessary load away from the

© 2017 Wipro wipro.com confidential 4

Open SQL vs Native SQL.

© 2017 Wipro wipro.com confidential 5

Advantages of using Open SQL to do code push down

How do we use open SQL.

© 2017 Wipro wipro.com confidential 6

Advanced Open SQL

Support for literals

© 2017 Wipro wipro.com confidential 7

Advanced Open SQL

© 2017 Wipro wipro.com confidential 8

OPEN SQL - Advances

© 2017 Wipro wipro.com confidential 9

Select – INNER JOIN

Returns all rows when there is at

SELECT column name(s)

© 2017 Wipro wipro.com confidential 10

Select – LEFT OUTER JOIN

Returns all rows from

© 2017 Wipro wipro.com confidential 11

Select – RIGHT OUTER JOIN

Returns all rows from the

SELECT column name(s)

© 2017 Wipro wipro.com confidential 12

Select – FULL OUTER JOIN

Returns all rows from the

© 2017 Wipro wipro.com confidential 13

Select – UNION / UNION DISTINCT

Returns all rows from both the tables without duplicates

 The columns must

SELECT column name(s) FROM table1 WHERE

© 2017 Wipro wipro.com confidential 14

Select – UNION ALL / INTERSECT / EXCEPT

UNION INTERSECT EXCEPT

© 2017 Wipro wipro.com confidential 15

© 2017 Wipro wipro.com confidential 16

© 2017 Wipro wipro.com confidential 17

© 2017 Wipro wipro.com confidential 18

Core Data Service @ ABAP

© 2017 Wipro wipro.com confidential 19

CDS: Common Basis for Domain-Specific

© 2017 Wipro wipro.com confidential 20

 Using HANA Specific Features