In their study of the little baguio, Aquino and Ramizo (2009) conclude that after improved crime

prevention, a revamped barangay-level patrol is likely to have decreased effectiveness because

maintenance problems that emerge and/or criminals may find ways to bypass the patrol program.
A patrol activity is not passive, and must be evaluated on a continuous basis. Reduction of
violence, obsolescence, self-satisfaction and the preservation of values, information and best
practices should be considered. Warnings against applicability are therefore acknowledged in
order to prevent packaging Little Baguio 's patrol experience as a one-size suit all cure for
patrolling inefficiency everywhere.
Caparas (2000 ) concluded that the Barangay Security and Development Officers (BSDOs) or
more popularly known as the Barangay Tanod shall include the collection of intelligence,
neighborhood monitoring or 'rondas;' medical/traffic/emergency aid; In Judith Martinez et.al 's
study Towards a Participatory Crime Prevention: Community awareness on Crime Mapping and
Hotspots revealed the community's awareness of the concept and implementation of crime
mapping in order to further disseminate the system and inform the public about the benefits of
having to know and understand crime maps and hotspots.
Another study of Caparas (2000) emphasized that media involvement and people 's involvement
in crime prevention initiatives should be in order for a society to be involved. Leones, (1993)
mentioned that on July 17, 1989, President Corazon Aquino released a Memorandum Circular
103, entitled "Providing Steps for Strengthening Security Services," in an attempt to fix peace
and order problems. Regional government leaders and the police have taken an integrated
approach to crime prevention and regulation according to this document. To date there is little
information related to barangay, particularly about the dynamics of the barangay ronda system.
Much of the details comes from informal interviews with captains of barangay, or police. There
is an obvious need to institutionalize the organisation of civil volunteer organizations and
strategies for evaluating progress that can recognize and resolve problem areas.

In the study of Leones (2006) observed that people of various ages, genders, race, norms and
value are variables that predispose urban crime to spread. In contrast, crime rates are higher in
poorer communities and areas with higher population density, degraded housing standards, and
more members of the unemployed workforce. That's why a barangay tanod must be strengthened
as a small unit expands to combat crime. Hulslander & Spivey, (2012) Village Stability
Operations and Afghan Local Police, reported in their analysis that the need for a centralized and
decentralized authority by improving the traditional governance mechanism system was designed
to mitigate the Afghan government's shortcomings and security capability and efficiency while
preparing the government to improve its power.
Caparas, D.L, (2000). Participation of the Public and Victims for More Fair and Effective Criminal Justice
Administration in the Philippines (From Resource Material Series No. 56, P 241-258, 2000, Hiroshi Iitsuka and
Rebecca Findlay-Debeck, eds. -- See NCJ-191475)

Leones, C.V (2006). The current situation of crime associated with urbanization: Problems experienced and
countermeasures initiated in the Philippines, unafei.or.jp

Hulslander and Spivey (2012). Village Stability Operations and Afghan Local Police PRISM Vol. 3, No. 3
(06/2012), pp. 125-138 (14 pages) Published by: Institute for National Strategic Security, National Defense
University

Aquino, T.A and Ramizo, G.R, (2009). A Study of Barangay Little Baguio. Unpublished Master’s Thesis