Automatic Lathe-

Small- to medium-sized cam-operated automatic lathes are usually called screw machines or
automatic screw machines. These machines work on parts that (as a rough guide only) are up to 80
millimetres (3.1 in) in diameter and 300 millimetres (12 in) in length. Screw machines almost
invariably do bar work, meaning a length of bar stock passes through the spindle and is gripped by
the chuck (usually a collet chuck). As the part is being machined, the entire length of bar stock is
rotated with the spindle. When the part is done, it is 'parted' from the bar, the chuck in released, the
bar fed forward, and the chuck closed again, ready for the next cycle. The bar-feeding can happen
by various means, including pulling-finger tools that grab the bar and pull or roller bar feed that
pushes the bar from behind.

Larger cam-operated automatic lathes are usually called automatic chucking lathes, automatic
lathes, automatic chuckers, automatics, or chuckers. The 'chucker' part of the name comes from the
workpieces being discrete blanks, held in a bin called a "magazine", and each one takes a turn at
being chucked and machined. (This is analogous to the way that each round of ammunition in the
magazine of a semi-automatic pistol gets its turn at being chambered.)

Specifications-
An automatic lathe may have a single spindle or multiple spindles. Each spindle contains a bar or
blank of material that is being machined simultaneously. A common configuration is six spindles.
The cage that holds these six bars of material indexes after each machining operation is complete.
The indexing is reminiscent of a Gatling gun.

Each station may have multiple tools that cut the material in sequence. The tools are usually
arranged in several axes, such as turret (rotary indexing), horizontal slide (linear indexing), and
vertical slide (linear indexing). The linear groups are called "gangs". The operation of all these tools
is similar to that on a turret lathe.

By way of example: a bar of material is fed forward through the spindle. The face of the bar is
machined (facing operation). The outside of the bar is machined to shape (turning operation). The
bar is drilled or bored, and finally, the part is cut off (parting operation).

In a single-spindle machine, these four operations would most likely be performed sequentially,
with four cross-slides each coming into position in turn to perform their operation. In a multi-
spindle machine, each station corresponds to a stage in the production sequence through which each
piece is then cycled, all operations occurring simultaneously, but on different pieces of work, in the
manner of an assembly line.

Parts of a Lathe Machine-

Headstock:
The headstock is usually located on the left side of the lathe and is equipped with gears, spindles,
chucks, gear speed control levers, and feed controllers.
Tailstock:
Usually located on the right side of the lathe, the workpiece is supported at the end.
Bed:
The main parts of the lathe, all parts are bolted to the bed. It includes the headstock, tailstock,
carriage rails and other parts.
Carriage:
The carriage is located between the headstock and the tailstock and contains apron, saddle,
compound rest, cross slide and tool post.
Lead Screw
The lead screw is used to move the carriage automatically during threading.
Feed Rod
It is used to move the carriage from left to right and vice versa.
Chip Pan
It is present at the bottom of the lathe. Chip pan is used to collect the chips that are produced during
the lathe operation.
Hand Wheel
It is the wheel that is operated by hand to move a cross slide, carriage, tailstock and other parts that
have handwheel.

Modifications-

ROTARY MAGIC GUIDE BUSH (RMGB)

Previously, operators had difficulty managing variations in bar diameters. The revolutionary system
is pneumatically controlled to grip both ground or drawn bar stock within a 30 micron tolerance.

Slanted dovetail slideway structure

The Y-axis slidewav of the tool post incorporates a slanted dovetail structure. Because of this, the
X- and Y-axis slideways can be arranged in a pattern close to the cutting point, increasing machine
rigidity. In addition a straight line passing through the ball screw center,in parallel with the Y-axis
slideway and the cutting point are close to each other (al), reducing the moment load caused by
cutting resistance and thereby improving rigidity.

Balance cut turning

The Y-axis slidewav of the tool post incorporates a slanted dovetail structure. Because of this, the
X- and Y-axis slideways can be arranged in a pattern close to the cutting point, increasing machine
rigidity. In addition a straight line passing through the ball screw center,in parallel with the Y-axis
slideway and the cutting point are close to each other (al), reducing the moment load caused by
cutting resistance and thereby improving rigidity.

XYZ axes control turret

XYZ axes control turret
Mounting multiple tools onto one turret station reduces the number of indexing times and tool
change time by XYZ axes control.
Applications-
Make round or partially round parts.
Cut male and female threads.
Cut off material.
Bore and drill holes.
Knurl a knob.
Polish a surface of a round part.
Taper a shaft.
Face or dress rough stock.