Media

Information Name ________________ ________ Grade 12 Score:

Literacy 12
MODULE
Evolution of Traditional to New Media
2
A. THE HISTORY OF MEDIA AND INFORMATION
Pre-Industrial Age (Before 1700s)- People discovered fire, developed paper from plants, and forged weapons and tools with
stone, bronze, copper, and iron.
Examples:
o Cave paintings (35, 00 BC) o Dibao in China (2nd Century)
o Clay tablets in Mesopotamia (2400 BC) o Printing press using wood blocks (220 AD)
o Papyrus in Egypt (2500 BC) o Codex in the Mayan region (5th Century)
o Acta Diurna in Rome (130 BC)
INDUSTRIAL AGE (1700S-1930S) - People used the power of steam, developed machine tools, established iron production, and
the manufacturing of various products (including books through the printing press). Examples:
Printing press for mass production (19th century)
Examples:
o Newspaper- The London Gazette (1640) o Commercial motion pictures (1913) •
o Typewriter (1800) o Motion picture with sound (1926)
o Telephone (1876) o Telegraph
o Motion picture photography/projection o Punch cards
(1890)
ELECTRONIC AGE (1930S-1980S) - The invention of the transistor ushered in the electronic age. People harnessed the power
of transistors that led to the transistor radio, electronic circuits, and the early computers. In this age, long distance communication
became more efficient. Examples:
Examples:
o Transistor Radio o Mainframe computers - i.e. IBM 704 (1960)
o Television (1941) o Personal computers - i.e. Hewlett Packard
o Large electronic computers- i.e. EDSAC 9100A (1968), Apple 1 (1976)
(1949) and UNIVAC 1 (1951)
INFORMATION AGE (1900S-2000S) - The Internet paved the way for faster communication and the creation of the social
network. People advanced the use of microelectronics with the invention of personal computers, mobile devices, and wearable
technology. Moreover, voice, image, sound and data are digitalized. We are now living in the information age.
Examples:
o Web browsers: Mosaic (1993), Internet o Video chat: Skype (2003), Google Hangouts
Explorer (1995) (2013)
o Blogs: Blogspot (1999), LiveJournal (1999), o Search Engines: Google (1996), Yahoo
WordPress (2003) (1995)
o Social networks: Friendster (2002), Multiply o Portable computers- laptops (1980), netbooks
(2003), Facebook (2004) (2008), tablets (1993)
o Microblogs: Twitter (2006), Tumblr (2007) o Smart phones
o Video: YouTube (2005) o Wearable technology
o Augmented Reality / Virtual Reality o Cloud and Big Data
Roles and functions of media in a democratic society:
Channel - provides opportunities for people to communicate, share ideas, speculate, tell stories and give information
Watchdog - exposes corrupt practices of the government and the private sector. Creating a space wherein governance
is challenged or scrutinized by the governed. It also guarantees free and fair elections
Resource center - acts as a gateway of information for the society’s consumption. Also, it becomes a keeper of
memories of the community, preserver of heritage and source of academic knowledge.
Advocate - through its diverse sources or formats, it bridges the gap of digital divide.
B. ETHICAL USE OF INFORMATION
 Plagiarism: Using other people’s words and ideas without clearly acknowledging the source of the information
 Common Knowledge: Facts that can be found in numerous places and are likely to be widely known
Example: John F. Kennedy was elected President of the United States in 1960. This is generally known information. You
do not need to document this fact
 Interpretation: You must document facts that are not generally known, or ideas that interpret facts.
Example: Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player ever to have played the game. This idea is not a fact but an
interpretation or an opinion. You need to cite the source.

MIL page 2 First Quarter

 Quotation: Using someone’s words directly. When you use a direct quote, place the passage between quotation marks, and
document the source according to a standard documenting style.
Example: According to John Smith in The New York Times, “37% of all children under the age of 10 live below the
poverty line”. You need to cite the source.
 Paraphrase: Using someone’s ideas but rephrasing them in your own words. Although you will use your own words to
paraphrase, you must still acknowledge and cite the source of the information.
Plagiarism has legal implications. While ideas themselves are not copyrightable, the artistic expression of an idea automatically
falls under copyright when it is created. Under fair use, small parts may be copied without permission from the copyright holder.
However, even under fair use - in which you can use some parts of the material for academic or non-profit purposes - you must
attribute the original source. What is considered fair use is rather subjective and can vary from country to country.
Strategies in Avoiding Plagiarism
1. Submit your own work for publication. You need to cite even your own work.
2. Put quotation marks around everything that comes directly from the text and cite the source.
3. Paraphrase, but be sure that you are not simply rearranging or replacing a few words and cite the source.
4. Keep a source journal, a notepad, or note cards- annotated bibliographies can be especially beneficial
5. Use the style manual in properly citing sources
6. Get help from the writing center or library

Challenge Yourself
FT1 Fill the Table. Knowing the Media at Different Ages. Fill the table below.
What format/equipment did
What format/equipment did What format/equipment did
people use to store
Age people use to communicate with people use to share or
information?
each other? broadcast information?

Stone Tablet
Stone Tablet Cave paintings
Papyrus
Pre-industrial Age Papyrus Clay tablets in Mesopotamia
Printing press using wood
Sign and Symbols Acta Diurna in Rome
blocks

Telegraph Newspaper
Typewriter
Industrial Age Telephone Motion picture photography
Newspaper
Punch cards Commercial motion pictures

Large electronic computers Television

Transistor Radio
Electronic Age Mainframe computers Transistor Radio

Web browsers
Blogs Blogs
Social networks Social networks
Microblogs Microblogs
Video Video
Social networks
Search Engines Augmented Reality / Virtual
Video chat
Portable computers Reality
Information Age Microblogs
Smart phones Video chat
Smart phones
Wearable technology Search Engines
Portable computers
Cloud and Big Data Portable computers
Smart phones
Wearable technology
Cloud and Big Data

FT2 Express Your Thoughts. Discuss the following questions: (not more than 50 words)
1. Given the available media that we have now in the world, what are its roles and functions in a democratic society?
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MIL page 2 First Quarter

2. In what ways does media affect your life (personal, academic, social, others)?
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FT3 Academic Field Trip. You will plan an academic trip. List pertinent information of two possible destinations
(somewhere in the country or abroad). To present valid and reliable information, consider the following:
 Identify he information needed- what, where, who, when, why, how.
 Determine all possible sources – the World Wide Web, travel guide, books, brochures, maps and atlases, tour
bureaus, family members, and friends.
 Locate and find information within the sources – blogs, travel reviews, posts from social networking sites, travel
features, pictures, stories, and testimonials.
 Extract the best relevant information and cite pertinent sources.
 Fill this as your draft. Your finale output is to be sent in the Edmodo via Doc File.

Plan A Plan B
Sample Data
(make sure to put the sources) (make sure to put the sources)

Place / Location /
Destination

Activity / Schedule

Best time to visit / Length of

vacation

Transportation (Type,
budget, schedule, others)

Accommodation (type,
budget, schedule, others)

Food (type, budget,

schedule, others)

Things to bring / reminders

Other information you may

need

Total Budget
-end-