Chapter 9, Problem 21.

Simplify the following:

(a) f(t) = 5 cos(2t + 15(º) – 4sin(2t -30º)
(b) g(t) = 8 sint + 4 cos(t + 50º)
(c) h(t) = ∫0t (10 cos 40t + 50sin 40t)dt

Chapter 9, Solution 21.

(a) F = 5∠15o − 4∠− 30o − 90o = 6.8296 + j4.758 = 8.3236∠34.86o
f (t) = 8.324 cos(30t + 34.86o )

(b) G = 8∠ − 90o + 4∠50o = 2.571 − j4.9358 = 5.565∠ − 62.49o g(t) = 5.565 cos(t − 62.49o )

(c) H =
1
(10∠0o + 50∠ − 90o ), ω = 40
jω
o o
i.e. H = 0.25∠ − 90 + 1.25∠ −180 = − j0.25 −1.25 = 1.2748∠
o
−168.69 h(t) = 1.2748cos(40t – 168.69°)

Chapter 9, Problem 22.

An alternating voltage is given by v(t) = 20 cos(5t - 30 o ) V. Use phasors to find
dv
10v(t) + 4 − 2 ∫t v(t)dt
dt −∞

Assume that the value of the integral is zero at t = - ∞ .

Chapter 9, Solution 22.

dv
Let f(t) =10v(t) +4 − 2 ∫t v(t)dt
dt −∞

2V
F = 10V + jω 4V − , ω = 5, V = 20∠ − 30o
jω

F = 10V + j20V − j0.4V = (10 + j20.4)(17.32 − j10) =

o o
454.4∠33.89 f (t) = 454.4 cos(5t + 33.89 )

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 Chapter 9, Problem 23.
Apply phasor analysis to evaluate the following.
(a) v = 50 cos(ω t + 30 o ) + 30 cos(ω t + 90 o )V
(b) i = 15 cos(ω t + 45 o ) - 10 sin(ω t + 45 o )A

Chapter 9, Solution 23.

(a) V = 50 < 30o + 30 < 90o = 43.3 + j25 − j30 = 43.588 < −6.587o
v = 43.588cos(ωt − 6.587o ) V = 43.49cos(ωt–6.59˚) V

(b) I = 15 < 45o − 10 < 45o − 90o = (10.607 + j10.607) − (7.071− j7.071) = 18.028 < 78.69o
i = 18.028cos(ωt + 78.69o ) A = 18.028cos(ωt+78.69˚) A

Chapter 9, Problem 24.

Find v(t) in the following integrodifferential equations using the phasor approach:

(a) v(t) + ∫v dt = 10 cos t

dv
dt + 5v(t) + 4∫v dt = 20sin(4t + 10 )
o
(b)

Chapter 9, Solution 24.

(a)
V
V+ jω = 10∠0°, ω = 1
V (1− j) = 10
10

V= 1− j = 5 + j5 = 7.071∠45°
Therefore, v(t) = 7.071 cos(t + 45°)

(b)
4V

jωV + 5V + jω = 20∠(10° − 90°), ω=4

4

V j4 + 5+ = 20∠ - 80°
j4
20∠ - 80°
V = = 3.43∠ -110.96° 5 + j3
Therefore, v(t) = 3.43 cos(4t – 110.96°)
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 Chapter 9, Problem 25.
Using phasors, determine i(t) in the following equations:
di
(a) 2 dt + 3i(t) = 4 cos(2t − 45o )
di
(b) 10 ∫i dt + dt + 6i(t) = 5cos(5t + 22o )

Chapter 9, Solution 25.

(a)
2jωI + 3I = 4∠ - 45°, ω = 2
I (3 + j4) = 4∠ - 45°
4∠ - 45° 4∠ - 45°

I= 3 + j4 = 5∠53.13° = 0.8∠ - 98.13°

Therefore, i(t) = 0.8 cos(2t – 98.13°)

(b)
I
10 jω + jωI + 6I = 5∠22°, ω = 5
(-j2 + j5 + 6) I = 5∠22°
5∠22° 5∠22°

I= 6 + j3 = 6.708∠26.56° = 0.745∠ - 4.56°

Therefore, i(t) = 0.745 cos(5t – 4.56°)

Chapter 9, Problem 26.

The
di
loop equation for a series RLC circuit gives
t

dt + 2i + ∫−∞ i dt = cos 2t
Assuming that the value of the integral at t = - ∞ is zero, find i(t) using the phasor
method.

Chapter 9, Solution 26.

I
jωI + 2I + jω =1∠0°, ω= 2
1

I j2 + 2 + =1
j2
1
I= 2 + j1.5 = 0.4∠ - 36.87°
Therefore, i(t) = 0.4 cos(2t – 36.87°)
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 Chapter 9, Problem 27.

A parallel RLC circuit has the node equation

dv

Determine v(t) using the phasor method. You may assume that the value of the integral
at t = - ∞ is zero.

Chapter 9, Solution 27.

V
jωV + 50V + 100 jω = 110∠ -10°, ω = 377
j100

V j377 +50− 377 = 110∠ -10°

V (380.6∠82.45°) = 110∠ -10° V = 0.289∠ - 92.45°

Therefore, v(t) = 0.289 cos(377t – 92.45°).

Chapter 9, Problem 28.

Determine the current that flows through an 8- Ω resistor connected to a voltage source
v s =110cos377t V.

Chapter 9, Solution 28.

v (t) 110 cos(377t)

i(t) = s = = 13.75 cos(377t) A.
R 8

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 Chapter 9, Problem 29.

What is the instantaneous voltage across a 2- µ F capacitor when the current through it is
i =4 sin(10 6 t +25 o ) A?

Chapter 9, Solution 29.

1 1
6 -6
Z= jωC = j(10 )(2 ×10 ) = - j0.5

V = IZ = (4∠25°)(0.5∠ - 90°) = 2∠ - 65°

6
Therefore v(t) = 2 sin(10 t – 65°) V.

Chapter 9, Problem 30.

A voltage v(t) = 100 cos(60t + 20 o ) V is applied to a parallel combination of a 40-k Ω

resistor and a 50- µ F capacitor. Find the steady-state currents through the resistor and the
capacitor.

Chapter 9, Solution 30.

Since R and C are in parallel, they have the same voltage across them. For the resistor,
100 < 20o
V =IRR → IR =V /R= = 2.5 < 20o mA
40k
i = 2.5cos(60t + 20o ) mA
R

For the capacitor,

dv −6 o o
iC = C dt = 50x10 (−60)x100sin(60t + 20 ) = −300sin(60t + 20 ) mA

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 Chapter 9, Problem 31.

A series RLC circuit has R = 80 Ω , L = 240 mH, and C = 5 mF. If the input voltage is
v(t) = 10 cos 2t find the currrent flowing through the circuit.

Chapter 9, Solution 31.

L = 240mH → jωL = j 2x 240x10−3 = j0.48

1 1
C = 5mF → = = − j100
jωC j 2x 5x10−3
Z = 80 + j 0.48 − j100 = 80 − j99.52
10<00
V
I = Z = 80 − j99.52 = 0.0783 < 51.206o
i (t ) = 78.3cos(2t + 51.206o ) mA = 78.3cos(2t+51.26˚) mA

Chapter 9, Problem 32.

For the network in Fig. 9.40, find the load current I L .

Figure 9.40
For Prob. 9.32.

Chapter 9, Solution 32.

V 100 < 0o
I = = = 12.195 − 9.756 = 15.62 < −38.66o A Z 5 + j4

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Chapter 9, Problem 33.

A series RL circuit is connected to a 110-V ac source. If the voltage across the resistor is
85 V, find the voltage across the inductor.

Chapter 9, Solution 33.

110 = v2R + v2L

vL = 1102 − v2R
vL = 1102 − 852 = 69.82 V

Chapter 9, Problem 34.

What value of ω will cause the forced response v o in Fig. 9.41 to be zero?

Figure 9.41
For Prob. 9.34.

Chapter 9, Solution 34.

vo = 0 if ωL = 1 → ω= 1
ωC LC
1
ω= = 100 rad/s
−3
(5×10 )(20 ×10 −3 )

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 Chapter 9, Problem 35.

Find current i in the circuit of Fig. 9.42, when v s (t) = 50 cos200t V.

Figure 9.42
For Prob. 9.35.

Chapter 9, Solution 35.

v (t) = 50cos 200t → V= 50 < 0o ,ω = 200

s s

1 1
5mF → = =−j
jωC j200x5x10−3
20mH → jωL = j20x10−3 x200 = j4

Zin = 10 − j + j4 = 10 + j3
V 50 < 0o
I = s= = 4.789 < −16.7o Zin 10 + j3
i (t ) = 4.789cos(200t −16.7o ) A

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 Chapter 9, Problem 36.

In the circuit of Fig. 9.43, determine i. Let v s = 60 cos(200t - 10 o )V.

Figure 9.43
For Prob. 9.36.

Chapter 9, Solution 36.

Let Z be the input impedance at the source.

100 mH → jωL = j200x100x10−3 = j20

1 1
−6
10µF → jωC = j10x10 x200 = − j500

1000//-j500 = 200 –j400

1000//(j20 + 200 –j400) = 242.62 –j239.84

Z = 2242.62 − j239.84 = 2255∠ − 6.104o

60∠ −10o
I= = 26.61∠ − 3.896o mA
o
2255∠ − 6.104

i = 266.1cos(200t − 3.896o ) mA

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Chapter 9, Problem 37.

Determine the admittance Y for the circuit in Fig. 9.44.

Figure 9.44
For Prob. 9.37.

Chapter 9, Solution 37.

1 1 1
Y= + + = 0.25 − j0.025 S = 250–j25 mS

4 j8 − j10

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 Chapter 9, Problem 38.
Find i(t) and v(t) in each of the circuits of Fig. 9.45.

Figure 9.45
For Prob. 9.38.

Chapter 9, Solution 38.

1 1 1

(a) 6F → jωC = j(3)(1/ 6) = - j2

- j2
I = 4 − j2 (10∠45°) = 4.472∠ -18.43°
Hence, i(t) = 4.472 cos(3t – 18.43°) A

V = 4I = (4)(4.472∠ -18.43°) = 17.89∠ -18.43° Hence, v(t) = 17.89 cos(3t

– 18.43°) V

1 1 1
→
(b) 12 F jωC = j(4)(1/12) = - j3
3H → jωL = j(4)(3) = j12

V 50∠0°

I= Z = 4 − j3 = 10∠36.87°
Hence, i(t) = 10 cos(4t + 36.87°) A

j12
V = 8 + j12 (50∠0°) = 41.6∠33.69°

Hence, v(t) = 41.6 cos(4t + 33.69°) V

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Chapter 9, Problem 39.

For the circuit shown in Fig. 9.46, find Z eg and use that to find current I. Let ω = 10
rad/s.

Figure 9.46
For Prob. 9.39.

Chapter 9, Solution 39.

Z eq = 4 + j 20 + 10 //(− j14 + j 25) = 9.135 + j27.47 Ω

V 12
I= = = 0.4145 < −71.605o
Z
eq 9.135 + j27.47
i (t ) = 0.4145cos(10t − 71.605o ) A = 414.5cos(10t–71.6˚) mA

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Chapter 9, Problem 40.

In the circuit of Fig. 9.47, find i o when:

(a) ω = 1 rad/s (b) ω = 5 rad/s
(c) ω = 10 rad/s

Figure 9.47
For Prob. 9.40.

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 Chapter 9, Solution 40.

(a) For ω = 1,
1H → jωL = j(1)(1) = j
1 1
0.05 F → jωC = j(1)(0.05) = - j20
- j40
Z = j + 2 || (- j20) = j + 2 − j20 = 1.98 + j0.802

V 4∠0° 4∠0°
Io = = = = 1.872∠ - 22.05°
Z 1.98 + j0.802 2.136∠22.05°
Hence, io (t) = 1.872 cos(t – 22.05°) A

(b) For ω = 5 ,
1H → jωL = j(5)(1) = j5
1 1

0.05 F → jωC = j(5)(0.05) = - j4

- j4

Z = j5 + 2 || (- j4) = j5 + 1− j2 = 1.6 + j4.2

V 4∠0° 4∠0°
Io = = = = 0.89∠ - 69.14°
Z 1.6 + j4 4.494∠69.14°
Hence, io (t) = 0.89 cos(5t – 69.14°) A

(c) For ω = 10 ,
1H → jωL = j(10)(1) = j10
1 1

0.05 F → jωC = j(10)(0.05) = - j2

- j4
Z = j10 + 2 || (- j2) = j10 + 2 − j2 = 1+ j9

V 4∠0° 4∠0°
Io = = = = 0.4417∠ - 83.66°
Z 1+ j9 9.055∠83.66°
Hence, io (t) = 0.4417 cos(10t – 83.66°) A

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 Chapter 9, Problem 41.

Find v(t) in the RLC circuit of Fig. 9.48.

Figure 9.48
For Prob. 9.41.

Chapter 9, Solution 41.

ω=1,
1H → jωL = j(1)(1) = j
1 1

1F → jωC = j(1)(1) =-j

-j+1
Z = 1+ (1+ j) || (- j) = 1+ =2−j1
V
s 10
I= = , Ic = (1+ j) I
Z 2−j
(1− j)(10)
V = (- j)(1+ j) I = (1− j) I = = 6.325∠ -18.43° 2 − j
Thus, v(t) = 6.325 cos(t – 18.43°) V

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 Chapter 9, Problem 42.

Calculate v o (t) in the circuit of Fig. 9.49.

Figure 9.49
For Prob. 9.42.

Chapter 9, Solution 42.

ω = 200
1 1

50 µF → jωC = j(200)(50 ×10-6 ) = - j100

0.1 H → jωL = j(200)(0.1) = j20

(50)(-j100) - j100

50 || -j100 = 50 − j100 = 1- j2 = 40 − j20

j20 j20
V = (60∠0°) = (60∠0°) = 17.14∠90°
o
j20 + 30 + 40 − j20 70

17.14 sin(200t + 90°) V

Thus, vo (t) =

17.14 cos(200t) V
or vo (t) =

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 Chapter 9, Problem 43.
Find current I o in the circuit shown in Fig. 9.50.

Figure 9.50
For Prob. 9.43.

Chapter 9, Solution 43.

j 80(100 − j40)
Z in = 50 + j 80 //(100 − j 40) = 50 + = 105.71+
j57.93 100 + j40
60 < 0o
Io = = 0.4377 − 0.2411 = 0.4997 < −28.85o A = 499.7∠–28.85˚ mA
Z
in

Chapter 9, Problem 44.

Calculate i(t) in the circuit of Fig. 9.51.

Figure 9.51
For prob. 9.44.

Chapter 9, Solution 44.

ω = 200
10 mH → jωL = j(200)(10 ×10-3 ) = j2
1 1

5 mF → jωC = j(200)(5 ×10-3 ) = - j

1 1 1 3+j

Y= 4 + j2 + 3−j = 0.25 − j0.5 + 10 = 0.55 − j0.4

1 1
Z= Y = 0.55 − j0.4 = 1.1892 + j0.865
6∠0° 6∠0°

I= 5+Z = 6.1892 + j0.865 = 0.96∠ - 7.956°

Thus, i(t) = 0.96 cos(200t – 7.956°) A
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Chapter 9, Problem 45.

Find current I o in the network of Fig. 9.52.

Figure 9.52
For Prob. 9.45.

Chapter 9, Solution 45.

We obtain Io by applying the principle of current division twice.

I I2 I2 Io

Z1 Z2 -j2 Ω 2Ω

(a) (b)

- j4
Z1 = - j2 , Z2 = j4 + (-j2) || 2 = j4 + = 1+ j3
2 - j2
Z1 - j2 - j10
I2 = I= (5∠0°) =
Z1 + Z2 - j2 + 1+ j3 1 +j
- j2 -j - j10 -10

I = I = = = –5A

o 2 - j2 2 1- j 1+ j 1+1
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Chapter 9, Problem 46.

If i s = 5 cos(10t + 40 o ) A in the circuit of Fig. 9.53, find i o .

Figure 9.53
For Prob. 9.46.

Chapter 9, Solution 46.

is = 5cos(10t + 40°) → Is = 5∠40°

1 1

0.1 F → jωC = j(10)(0.1) = - j

0.2 H → jωL = j(10)(0.2) = j2

j8
Let Z1 = 4 || j2 = = 0.8 + j1.6 , Z2 = 3 − j
4+ j2
Z
1 0.8 + j1.6
Io = Is = (5∠40°)
Z1+Z2 3.8 + j0.6
(1.789∠63.43°)(5∠40°)
Io = = 2.325∠94.46°
3.847∠8.97°

Thus, io (t) = 2.325 cos(10t + 94.46°) A

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 Chapter 9, Problem 47.

In the circuit of Fig. 9.54, determine the value of i s (t).

Figure 9.54
For Prob. 9.47.

Chapter 9, Solution 47.

First, we convert the circuit into the frequency domain.

2Ω
Ix j4

+
5∠0˚ − -j10 20 Ω

5 5 5
Ix = = = = 0.4607∠52.63°
2 + − j10(20 + j4) 2 + 4.588− j8.626 10.854∠ − 52.63°
− j10 + 20 + j4

is(t) = 460.7cos(2000t +52.63˚) mA

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 Chapter 9, Problem 48.

Given that v s (t) = 20 sin(100t - 40 o ) in Fig. 9.55, determine i x (t).

Figure 9.55
For Prob. 9.48.

Chapter 9, Solution 48.

Converting the circuit to the frequency domain, we get:

10Ω V1 30Ω

Ix
+
j20 -j20
20∠-40˚ −

We can solve this using nodal analysis.

V1 − 20∠ − 40° V1−0 V1−0

+ + =0
10 j20 30 − j20

2∠40°
V1 = = 15.643∠ − 24.29°
0.12307− j0.03462
15.643∠ − 24.29°
Ix = =
0.4338∠9.4° 30 − j20
i x = 0.4338sin(100t + 9.4°) A

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Chapter 9, Problem 49.

Find v s (t) in the circuit of Fig. 9.56 if the current i x through the 1- Ω resistor is 0.5 sin
200t A.

Figure 9.56
For Prob. 9.49.

Chapter 9, Solution 49.

ZT = 2 + j2 || (1− j) = 2 + ( j2)(1− j) =4
1+ j
I Ix 1Ω

j2 Ω -j Ω

1
j2 j2
Ix = I= where I x = 0.5∠0° = 2
j2 + 1− j 1+ j
1+ j 1+ j
I= Ix =
j2 j4
1+ j 1+ j
V =IZ = (4) = = 1− j = 1.414∠ - 45°
s T
j4 j

vs (t) = 1.414 sin(200t – 45°) V

PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of
this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior
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Chapter 9, Problem 50.

Determine v x in the circuit of Fig. 9.57. Let i s (t) = 5 cos(100t + 40 o )A.

Figure 9.57
For Prob. 9.50.

Chapter 9, Solution 50.

-
Since ω = 100, the inductor = j100x0.1 = j10 Ω and the capacitor = 1/(j100x10
3
) = -j10Ω.

j10 Ix

+
5∠40˚ -j10 20 Ω vx
−

Using the current dividing rule:

I − j10
x = 5∠40° = − j2.5∠40° = 2.5∠ − 50°
− j10 + 20 + j10
Vx = 20Ix = 50∠ − 50°
vx = 50cos(100t − 50°) V

PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of
this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior
written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators
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 Chapter 9, Problem 51.

If the voltage v o across the 2- Ω resistor in the circuit of Fig. 9.58 is 10 cos2t V, obtain
is.

Figure 9.58
For Prob. 9.51.

Chapter 9, Solution 51.

1 1
0.1 F → jωC = j(2)(0.1) = - j5
0.5 H → jωL = j(2)(0.5) = j

The current I through the 2-Ω resistor is

1 Is 10

I= I = , where I = ∠0°=5
1− j5 + j + 2 s 3 − j4 2
I s = (5)(3 − j4) = 25∠ - 53.13°

Therefore,
is (t) = 25 cos(2t – 53.13°) A

PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of
this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior
written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators
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Chapter 9, Problem 52.

If V o = 8 ∠ 30 o V in the circuit of Fig. 9.59, find I s. .

Figure 9.59
For Prob. 9.52.

Chapter 9, Solution 52.

j25 j5

5 || j5 = 5 + j5 = 1+ j = 2.5 + j2.5
Z1 =10, Z2 = - j5 + 2.5 + j2.5 = 2.5 − j2.5

I2

IS Z1 Z2

Z1 10 4
I2 = Z1+Z2 Is = 12.5 − j2.5 I s = 5 − j Is
Vo = I 2 (2.5 + j2.5)
4 10 (1+ j)

8∠30° = I (2.5)(1+ j) = I
105(1+ j) −j s 5−j s

(8∠30°)(5 − j)
Is = = 2.884∠-26.31° A

PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of
this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior
written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators
permitted by McGraw-Hill for their individual course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual,
you are using it without permission.
Chapter 9, Problem 53.

Find I o in the circuit of Fig. 9.60.

Figure 9.60
For Prob. 9.53.

Chapter 9, Solution 53.

Convert the delta to wye subnetwork as shown below.
Z1 Z2

Io 2Ω

Z3

+
10 Ω
o
60∠ − 30 V 8Ω

− j2x4 8∠ − 90° j6x4

Z = = = −1 − j1, Z = = 3 + j3,
1 2
4 + j4 5.6569∠45° 4 + j4
12
Z3 = = 1.5 − j1.5
4 + j4
(Z3 + 8) //(Z2 + 10) = (9.5 − j1.5) //(13 + j3) = 5.691∠0.21° = 5.691 + j0.02086
Z = 2 + Z1 + 5.691 + j0.02086 = 6.691 − j0.9791
o o
60∠ − 30 60∠ − 30 o
Io = = = 8.873∠ − 21.67 A
o
Z 6.7623∠ − 8.33
PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of
this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior
written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators
permitted by McGraw-Hill for their individual course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual,
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 Chapter 9, Problem 54.

In the circuit of Fig. 9.61, find V s if I o = 2 ∠ 0 o A.

Figure 9.61
For Prob. 9.54.

Chapter 9, Solution 54.

Since the left portion of the circuit is twice as large as the right portion, the
equivalent circuit is shown below.

+ − Vs
+ −

2Z V2 V1
− +

V1 = Io (1− j) = 2 (1− j)
V2 = 2V1 = 4 (1− j)
Vs = −V1 − V2 = −6 (1 − j)
Vs = 8.485∠–135° V

PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of
this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior
written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators
permitted by McGraw-Hill for their individual course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual,
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