HYDRAULICS ENGINEERING LABORATORY

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, SLIIT

B.SC ENGINEERING – YEAR 03 SEMESTER 01

CE 3711 – PUMPS AND OPEN CHANNEL FLOW – LABORATORY ASSIGNMENT

OPEN CHANNEL FLOW HYDRAULIC JUMP

OBJECTIVES
1. Demonstrate how energy and force momentum concepts are applied in open channel
flows

2. To investigate the relationship between depths upstream and downstream of a

hydraulic jump and to compare this with the theoretical relationship.

APPARATUS

Experimental Flume

INTRODUCTION
The aim of this experiment is to demonstrate how the energy and force-momentum
principles can be applied to open-channel flow. The work will be conducted in an
experimental flume with a sluice gate and hydraulic jump in the channel. This is sketched
below.

EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
1. Switch on the pump of the flume. The water depth upstream should be in the range 250
to 300 mm. The valve has been preset to give suitable discharge.
2. The sluice gate is fixed for an opening around 10mm. Note down the opening of sluice
gate.
3. Establish the hydraulic jump and stabilize it about ½ m downstream from the sluice
gate. This can be achieved by adjusting the downstream level control flap (tailgate)
until a good stabilized hydraulic jump is formed after the sluice gate.
Note: Care should be taken to avoid overflow at the start of the channel upstream while
adjusting the flap.

4. Measure the upstream depth Yvc and the downstream depth Y4

5. Raise the tailgate by about 2 mm and repeat the readings. If necessary lower the tailgate
to prevent the sluice gate from being drowned out.
6. Continue taking readings until the jump reaches the sluice gate.
7. Keep the same discharge for all of your readings.

Once the flow is steady, start measuring discharge by the following method.

Floating polystyrene:

Measure surface velocity upstream of the sluice gate. The velocity is measured by the time-
distance method. Take three readings. Make an average and calculate discharge by using area-
velocity method.

OBSERVATIONS
Water Depth (m) yo yvc y1 y2 y3 y4
Left

Middle

Right

AVG

Channel Width (m)

Sectional Area (m2)

Velocity by Floating Method (m/s)

Discharge (m3/s)

Bed Slope (S0) =

CALCULATIONS
For your report you should calculate the theoretical downstream depths which are given by the
following formula
 Yvc  Yvc 2 2q 2 
Y4     

2  4 gYvc 

Compare the theoretical results against the results obtained from the experiment.
Plot the Energy grade line and the water surface profile in the same graph sheet with suitable
scale
Plot a graph of the upstream depth Yvc against the downstream depth Y4.

Name:
Student Number:
Group:
Date:
Note: Please keep the laboratory clean and order.
OFFICE USE ONLY
The student has successfully completed the laboratory exercise.

...............................................
INSTRUCTOR