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BOOK 3 - Stage 5

LESSON 59 (1)

1) to lie –(v.) wola, deba

2) comfortable – mosaxerxebeli
3) uncomfortable –mouxerxebeli
4) to wake up – gaRviZeba
5) immediately – dauyovnebliv
6) through - -Si, -iT; gavliT;meSveobiT
7) a button – Rili, Rilaki
8) a button – hole –saRile
9) a cross – (n.) jvari
10) crossroads – gzajvaredini
11) danger –n. xifaTi, safrTxe
12) dangerous –adj. saxifaTo; saSiSi
13) dangerously – saxifaTod
14) a detective – deteqtivi
15) James – jeimsi
16) Ought to – valad deba; evaleba
17) an alternative – arCevani, alternativa
18) under a moral obligation – moraluri valdebulebis qveS
19) cause – 1) (n.) mizezi
2) (v.) gamowveva
20) to think of – mofiqreba
21) freedom – Tavisufleba
22) justice – samarTlianoba
23) as –vinaidan, radganac
24) that is – anu, ese igi; im SemTxvevaSi
25) a bone – Zvali
26) although – Tumca; miuxedavad
27) to cook – (v.) saWmlis momzadeba
28) such as – rogoricaa
29) independent – damoukidebuli
30) an origin – warmoSoba, warmomavloba
31) special – gansakuTrebuli
32) nothing special – araferi gansakuTrebuli

LESSON 60 (2)

1. to belong to somebody – ekuTvnodes (vinmes)

2. to throw – srola, tyorcna, gadagdeba
3. dead –mkvdari
4. alive – cocxali
5. half dead – cocxal – mkvdari
6. to feel alive – Tavis mxned grZnoba
7. drop – 1) (n.) wveTi
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a. 2) (v.) dagdeba, davardna
8. to go without = to do without – raimes gareSe iolad
gasvla
9. to happen – moxdena, moxdoma
10. to assassinate – SekveTili, politikuri mkvlelobis Cadena
11. unusual – uCveulo
12. still –jer kidev, isev
13. yet - jer ara
14. in progress – ganviTarebis, Sesrulebis procesSi
15. clean – 1) (adj.) sufTa
i. 2) (v.) gasufTaveba
16. dirty – WuWyiani
17. dirt - WuWyi
18. to know of – codna, gageba
19. to be afraid of something – SiSi raimesi
20. to guard –v. dacva
21. on your guard – fxizlad, frTxilad
22. off your guard – yuradRebamodunebuli, uyuradRebod
23. calm - 1) ( adj.) mSvidi
2) ( v.) damSvideba
24. quietly – Cumad

LESSON 61 (3)

1) Subjunctive of the verb ‘to be’ - ,,yofna,, zmnis kavSirebiTi kilo

2) a king – mefe
3) to get dark – dabneleba
4) to win – 1) mogeba
2) gamarjveba
5) football pools – fsoni totalizatorSi(fexburTSi)
6) to win at football – mogeba fexburTSi
7) to do the football pools – totalizatorSi fsonis dadeba(fexburTSi)
8) useful – gamosadegi, sasargeblo
9) useless – gamousadegari, usargeblo
10) to possess – sakuTrebaSi qona, floba
11) to be useful to somebody – vinmesTvis gamosadegi yofna
12) contraction of the Conditional – pirobiTis Semokleba
13) as with…. so with – rogorc … iseve
14) to contract – Semoklebis gakeTeba
15) to lose one’s way – gzis dabneva, dakargva
16) a fault – 1) brali
2) nakli
17) faultless – unaklo
18) nature – buneba, xasiaTi
19) O.K.
20) all right yvelaferi rigzea
21) to compare – Sedarebis gakeTeba, Sedareba
22) a comparison – Sedareba. To make a comparison-შედარების გაკეთება
23) to have something in common – raime saerTos qona
24) ice – yinuli
25) to cool – gagrileba
26) to pour – dasxma, gadmosxma, Camosxma
27) to unite – gaerTianeba
28) even – c (nawilaki)
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29) to mix – areva, Sereva
30) a mixture – narevi
31) to take by surprise – moulodnelad Tavdasxma
32) at great speed – didi siCqariT

LESSON 62 (4)

1) to care – 1) movla, zrunva

2) care about-გადარდებდეს; განაღვლებდეს

3) to hurry – siCqare
4) a hurry – (n.) siCqare, facifuci
5) I am in a hurry – vCqarob, meCqareba
6) to take one’s time – zozini, ar aCqareba; დროის გაყვანა
7) an appointment – (n.) Sexvedra
8) an important appointment-მნიშვნელოვანი შეხვედრა
9) to be on fire – iwvodes
10) plenty of – uamravi (uTvladTan)
11) to be late for somewhere – sadme dagvianeba
12) for – ganmavlobaSi
13) since - ……dan (periodidan moyolebuli, dawyebuli)
14) a period – periodi
15) studies – (n.) swavla
16) to lend – lent – lent – Txoveba, sesxeba (vinmesTvis)
17) to return – dabruneba
18) a Christmas name – (naTlobis) saxeli
19) a surname – gvari
20) John – joni
21) famous – cnobili
22) industrial - samrewvelo
23) agricultural – sasoflo – sameurneo; სამიწათმოქმედო
24) to apologise – v. bodiSis moxda
25) to apologise for doing something – raimes keTebisTvis bodiSis moxda
26) an apology – bodiSi
27) to keep somebody waiting – alodino vinme
28) to avoid – Tavidan acileba
29) to bend – daxra, moxra
30) a century – saukune
31) fashion – moda
32) a gate – WiSkari
33) Understanding the grammar – gramatikis gageba
34) to worry – wuxili
35) disheartened – gulgatexili

LESSON 63 (5)

1) to run – ran – run – sirbili

2) Past Progressive – warsuli gangrZobiTi
3) continuous – gangrZobiTi
4) I was speaking – me vlaparakobdi (viyavi laparakis procesSi)
5) The three uses of the Past Progressive – warsuli gangrZobiTis samgvari gamoyeneba
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6) at the same time – erTdroulad, imavdroulad
7) Active Voice – moqmedebiTi gvari
8) Passive Voice – vnebiTi gvari
9) a subject – qvemdebare
10) an object – damateba
11) George – jorji
12) a murder – mkvleloba
13) a prison – cixe
14) to make one feel – agrZnobino vinmes; ganacdevino
15) a root – fesvi
16) a problem – problema
17) a memory – mexsiereba
18) colorful - feradovani
19) a bend – (n.) mosaxvevi
20) to come round the bend – mosaxvevSi moxveva
21) at top speed – umaRlesi siCqariT

LESSON 64 (6)

1) to cross – gadakveTa
2) to wake up – woke up – woken up – gaRviZeba (vinmesi, an TviTon)
3) to think of – gafiqreba
4) safe – usafrTxo
5) safety – usafrTxoeba
6) Seven Uses of the Future – momavlis gamoyenebis 7 xerxi
7) 1) Pure Future – martivi, wminda momavali
8) 2) Promise – Sepireba
9) 3) Determination – (mtkice) gadawyvetileba
10) 4) Polite Request – zrdilobiani Txovna
11) 5) Willingness – mzadyofna
12) 6) Offer of Service – momsaxureobis SeTavazeba
13) 7) Suggestion – SeTavazeba
14) to lie – lay – lain – wola, deba
15) Sir – batono
16) Madam – qalbatono
17) a customer – myidveli, klienti
18) an officer – oficeri
19) a title – tituli, wodeba
20) a lady – qalbatoni, ledi
21) a gentleman – jentlmeni
22) Jane – jeini
23) standard – 1) (n.) standarti
2) (adj.) standartuli
24) the height – simaRle
25) in spite of
26) despite miuxedavad
27) to get into – Cajdoma(transportSi)
28 ) to look - 1) gamoiyureba (gamoiyurebodes)
2) daTvaliereba, SeTvaliereba
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29) royal – (adj.) samefo
30) mud – talaxi. To get mud-გატალახიანება
31) a crowd – brbo
32) a captain – kapitani
33)a poet – poeti
36) wide – farTo, ganieri
37) narrow –viwro
38) a flag – droSa
39) grass – balaxi
40) to live on grass – ikvebebodes balaxiT
41) a tower – koSki

LESSON 65 (7)

1) wet – sveli. To get wet -დასველება

2) dry – 1) (adj.) mSrali
2) (v.) gaSroba
3) to throw – threw – srola, gadagdeba
4) Reflexive Pronouns – ukuqceviTi nacvalsaxelebi
5) a doer – Semsrulebeli
6) a receiver – mimRebi
7) to reflect back – ukuqceva; უკუგდება
8) to protect – dacva
9) reflexive – ukuqceviTi
10) myself – Cemi Tavi, Cems Tavs
11) yourself – Seni Tavi, Sens Tavs
12) himself
13) herself Tavis Tavi, Tavis Tavs
14) itself
15) ourselves – Cveni Tavi, Cvens Tavs
16) yourselves – Tqveni Tavi, Tqvens Tavs
17) themselves – Tavis Tavi, Tavis Tavs
18) oneself - ,,________,,
19) thorough – sruli
20) thoroughly – srulad, sruliad; ზედმიწევნით
21) a thorough cleaning –generaluri dalageba
22) to get thoroughly wet – sruliad dasveleba
23) an accident – ubeduri SemTxveva, avaria. By accident-შემთხვევით
24) careful – adj. frTxili, yuradRebiani; dakvirvebuli
25) careless – adj.uyuradRebo, daudevari; udardeli
26) carefully – adv. yuradRebiT, frTxilad
27) carelessly –adv. uyuradRebod, daudevrad
28) to be in great danger – did safrTxeSi yofna
29) own – 1) (adj.) sakuTari
2) (v.) sakuTrebaSi qona, floba
30) a prize - prizi
31) a prize for something – prizi raimesTvis
32) too – agreTve
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33) however – Tumca
34) at least – sul mcire

LESSON 66 (8)

1) could –1. SeZleba (warsulSi); 2. can-ის პირობითი ფორმა

2) vice versa – piriqiT
3) nice – mSvenieri
4) widely – farTod
5) a manner – 1) manera
2) stili;3) yofa-qceva;4) xerxi
6) a pig – Rori
7) asleep – mZinare
8) awake – gaRviZebuli
9) in order to – imisTvis, rom
10) to take exercise – varjiSi (fizikuri)
11) a will – (n.) nebisyofa
12) notice – 1) (n.) gancxadeba
2) (v.) SeniSvna, SemCneva
13) to lie – lay – lain –wola, deba
14) to point at – miTiTeba
15) to point out –1. gamorCeva;2.სიტყვიერი მითითება
16) to indicate – Cveneba, gamorCeva
17) a grave – saflavi
18) a neck – kiseri
19) a flame - ali

LESSON 67 (9)

1) may – might – albaT

2) the possibility – albaToba
3) a palace – sasaxle
4) the parliament – parlamenti
5) to owe – valSi, davalebuli yofna
6) a signature – xelmowera
7) then – Semdeg
8) them – maT, isini
9) an I. O. U. ( I owe you – me mmarTebs Tqveni) – Tamasuqis qaRaldi, xelwerili
10) to give back – raimes ukan dabruneba
11) to go back – (TviTon) ukan dabruneba
12) to pay back – valis dabruneba
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13) mad – 1) giJi, SeSlili = lunatic
2) gabrazebuli = angry
3) gagiJebiT mowoneba = to like very much
14) lunatic – giJi, SeSlili
15) to get mad – gabrazeba, gagiJeba
16) a visit – viziti
17) to pay a visit – stumroba(სტუმრად მისვლა)
18) a madhouse – sagiJe
19) music – musika
20) sport – sporti
21) to pay a visit to somewhere – sadme viziti
22) pride – siamaye
23) to take pride in one’s work – samuSaoTi amayoba, masSi siamovnebis povna
24) a servant – mosamsaxure
25) a wheel – borbali
26) an arrow – isari
27) a beard – wveri (adamianis)
28) true – swori, marTali
29) false – araswori, mcdari, yalbi
30) a reason – mizezi
31) a paper =a newspaper – gazeTi
32) an exclamation mark – Zaxilis niSani
33) soup – supi, wvniani
34) to maintain – mtkiceba (amtkicebs)

LESSON 68 (10)

1) It takes – saWiroa, sWirdeba (drosTan mimarTebaSi)

2) Ireland – irlandia
3) amount – raodenoba
4) to amount to – jamSi Sedgena;
5) further – 1) ufro Sori, ufro Sors = farther
2) damatebiTi, zedmeti = extra; 3)დამატებით= in addition
6) Sweden – SvedeTi
7) information – informacia
8) in addition – damatebiT
9) extra – zedmeti, damatebiTi
10) train times – matareblebis mimosvlis grafiki
11) to wake up – woke up - woken up – gaRviZeba
12) too – metismetad
13) Past Perfect – warsuli sruli dro
14) I had studied – me vswavlobdi, me naswavli mqonda
15) a party – 1) wveuleba
2) partia
3) amxanaguri wre, kompania
16) birthday – dabadebis dRe
17) political – politikuri
18) to throw a party = to give a party – wveulebis gamarTva
19) to copy – gadawera
20) an influence – (n.) zegavlena
21) a strong influence over somebody/something – vinmeze/raimeze didi zegavlena
22) a mouse – Tagvi
23) a throat – yeli
24) an opportunity – SesaZlebloba
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25) to develop – ganviTareba
26) developed – ganviTarebuli
27) under – developed - ganviTarebadi
28) industry – mrewveloba
29) agriculture – soflis meurneoba; მიწათმოქმედება
30) a colony – kolonia
31) to print – dabeWvda (wignis, gazeTis)
32) sand – qviSa, sila
33) a bell – zari
34) to shout – yvirili
35) a slave – mona
36) a slave to something – emonebode raimes
37) a stick – joxi
38) a walking – stick – saseirno joxi, xeljoxi
39) a lake – tba

LESSON 69 (11)

1) already – ukve
2) to throw – threw – thrown – srola, tyorcna, gadagdeba
3) a reason – mizezi
4) a reason for something – raimes mizezi
5) by adding – damatebiT
6) illness – avadmyofoba
7) tiredness - daRliloba
8) darkness- sibnele
9) alone – marto
10) Would you say ? = Do you think ? – fiqrobT, rom?
11) an expression – gamoTqma
12) rather – sakmaod ; უფრო სწორად
13) an opinion – azri, Sexeduleba
14) anyone vinme, viRac
15) someone
16) not anyone – aravin
17) no one – aravin
18) to win – won – won – mogeba, gamarjveba
19) to borrow – Txoveba, sesxeba (vinmesgan); isesxo, iTxovo
20) in fact – faqtiurad, sinamdvileSi
21) then – maSin
22) to listen to somebody/something – vinmes/raimes mosmena
23) to listen and hear – mosmena da gagoneba
24) own – 1) (adj.) sakuTari
25) skin – kani
26) wire – mavTuli
27) electricity – eleqtrooba
28) to boil – moxarSva, aduReba
29) a brick – aguri
30) also – agreTve
31) so they say – rogorc amboben(rogorc isini amboben)
32) to give light – Suqis mofena, ganaTeba
33) to go away – qalaqidan gasvla
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LESSON 70 (12)

1) Future Progressive – momavali gangrZobiTi

2) I shall be working – me vimuSaveb (muSaobis procesSi viqnebi)
3) an inch – duimi = 2,5 sm
4) a foot – futi = 30,5
5) a yard – iardi = 91 sm
6) a centimetre – santimetri
7) a metre – metri
8) to rise - 1) aweva(zrda)
2) (mzis) amosvla
9) constantly – mudmivad
10) hourly – 1) (adj.) saaTobrivi
2) (adv.) saaTobrivad
11) daily – 1) (adj.) yoveldRiuri
2) (adv.) yoveldRiurad
12) weekly – 1) (adj.) yovelkvireuli
2) (adv.) yovelkvireulad
13) monthly – 1) (adj.) yovelTviuri
2) (adv.) yovelTviurad
14) yearly – 1) (adj.) yovelwliuri
2) (adv.) yovelwliurad
15) to let – let – let – nebis darTva
16) anywhere sadme, sadRac
17) somewhere
18) not anywhere arsad
19) nowhere
20) to break the law – kanonis darRveva
21) to loosen – moSveba
22) loose – 1) (adj.) Tavisufali
2) (adv.) Tavisuflad
23) a storm – qariSxali
24) a belt – qamari
25) blind – brma
26) a chain –jaWvi, cepi
27) a chain – smoker – gadabmiT mweveli
28) the devil – eSmaki

LESSON 71 (13)

1) to ride – 1) cxenis, velosipedis tareba

2) avtobusiT mgzavroba
2) may = can – gamoxatavs nebarTvas
3) permission – nebarTva
4) to catch – 1) daWera
2) miswreba
5) a cold (n.) – gacieba
6) to catch a cold – gacieba
7) a raincoat – sawvimari labada
8) a habit – Cveva
9) to be in the habit of – Cvevad gqondes raimes keTeba
10) a stranger – ucxo
11) a foreigner – ucxoeli
12) to look like – 1) hgavs (fizikurad, xasiaTiT)
2) piri uCans
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13) to travel – mogzauroba
14) a journey – mgzavroba
15) the weekend – kviris bolo
16) of course – rasakvirvelia
17) therefore – maSasadame
18) nowadays – dResdReobiT
19) to suffer – tanjva, gadatana; gancda
20) wish – (n.) natvra, survili
21) to exist – arseboba; yofna
22) to make a fire – cecxlis gaCaReba
23) unable – verSemZle, uniWo

LESSON 72 (14)

1) to remind – mogoneba, Sexseneba

2) to remember for-შეხსენება
3) in other words – sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT
4) a member – wevri
5) even – c (nawilaki); კიდეც; even more-კიდევ უფრო მეტი
6) even though – maSinac ki, Tu; im SemTxvevaSic ki, Tu
7) not even – arc ki
8) to keep an appointment – Sexvedris Catareba
9) born – dabadebuli
10) to be born – dabadeba
11) to – ken
12) at – Tan

13) the direction – mimarTuleba

14) soon – male
15) at once - maSinve
LESSON 73 (15)

1) need – saWiroeba
2) normal – normaluri, wesieri
3) abnormal – arawesieri
4) defective – naklovani; დეფექტური
5) to - -ken, -Si,
6) towards - -ken, mimarTulebiT
7) composite words – Sedgenili sityvebi
8) to compose – Sedgena
9) a hyphen – tire
10) ash – ferfli
11) a tray – langari
12) a sitting – room – sastumro oTaxi
13) a dressing – room – sagrimioro, gasaxdeli
14) much better – 1) bevrad ukeTesi
2) bevrad ukeTesad
15) much more – 1) bevrad
2) bevrad ufro meti
16) to fall – dacema, davardna
17) the temperature – sicxe, temperatura
18) the atmosphere – atmosfero
19) a tooth – kbili
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20) teeth – kbilebi
21) to seem – Cveneba (meCveneba, mgonia)
22) several – ramodenime
23) wise – brZeni, keTilgonieri; კეთილგონივრული; ბრძნული
24) wisdom – sibrZne; გონიერება
25) with age – asakTan erTad
26) suddenly – uceb, moulodnelad
27) pain – tkivili
28) certain –adj. ueWveli, სარწმუნო, უდავო; დარწმუნებული
29) to pass by – Cavla
30) inverted commas – brWyalebi
31) the snowstorm – Tovliani qarbuqi
32) to think of…..as……- moiazrebde, rogorc….
33) to blind – dabrmaveba
34) blinded – dabrmavebuli

LESSON 74 (16)

1) Open Conditional –Ria,martivi pirobiTi winadadeba

If I go to London , I will see the Thames – londonSi Tu waval, Temzas vnaxav.
2) Present Subjunctive Conditional – awmyo kavSirebiTi pirobiTi winadadeba
If I went to London , I would see the Thames-რომ წავიდოდე ლონდონში, ვნახავდი
თემზას

3) Past Subjunctive Conditional – warsuli kavSirebiTi pirobiTi winadadeba

If I had gone to London , I would have seen the Thames – londonSi rom wavsuliyavi, Temzas
vnaxavdi( ნანახი მექნებოდა)
4) atomic – atomuri
5) character – xasiaTi

LESSON 75 ( 17)

1) a life – (n.) sicocxle

2) lives – sicocxleebi
3) the poor – Raribebi
4) the rich – mdidrebi
5) really – adv. marTlac
6) real –adj. marTali, namdvili
7) to run – ran – run – sirbili
8) to fly – flew – flown – frena
9) wool – matyli
10) sheep – 1) cxvari
2) cxvrebi
11) Possessive Case – kuTvnilebiTi brunva
12) an apostrophe – apostrofi
13) a case – 1) brunva
2) SemTxveva
14) to kick – fexis, wixlis kvra
15) lucky – iRbliani
16) a cat – kata
17) the coast – sanapiro
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18) certain – garkveuli. Oon certain days- გარკვეულ
დღეებში
19) to tire – v. daRla