Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies,

Online ISSN 2278-8808, SJIF 2019 = 6.380, www.srjis.com

PEER REVIEWED & REFEREED JOURNAL, MAR-APR, 2020, VOL- 7/58
B`Îmm ZddrVrb {dÚmÏ`mªMr Am§VaOmbm~m~V OmUrd Am{U Ë`mÀ`m dmnamMm VwbZmË_H$ Aä`mg

amhþb ~iram_ H$m§~io, Ph.D.

³ema.e. ema.eD. saoT¸ naoT¸ pI.eca.DI ¤iSaxaNaSaas~¥ ´ rajaYaI- SaahU ka^laoja Aa^f ejyaukoSanaÊ taqavaDo ÊpuNao ¹33

Abstract

AmYw{ZH$ H$mimV "{ejU' `m eãXmMr ì`már JJZmbm JdgUr KmbUmar {XgyZ `oVo. AmYw{ZH$VoMr
dmQ>Mmb àË`oH$ eVH$mV ZdZì`m ñVamdaVr kmZmbm nmohMdrV Amho. nyduÀ`m H$mimVrb dmMZ boIZ Am{U
A§H$kmZ `m {ejUmÀ`m g§H$ënZoVyZ _wŠV hmoD$Z {ejUmZo KoVbobr Pon EìhmZm {Xem§À`m nbrH$So> nmohMbobr Amho.
AmOMr {ejUmMr g§H$ënZm ^m¡{VH$ {dídmVrb dñVy_mÌm§Mo nañnamdb§~Z VH©$eŠVr Am{U O~m~XmarMr OmU `m
Ì`tÀ`m hr nwT>o Am{U doJmZo {ZKmë`mMo {XgVo. V§ÌkmZm_wio jUmjUmbm dmT>Umar kmZmMr H$moR>mao H$ënZm§À`m gd©
q^Vr ^oXZÿ JJZmÀ`m Jm^m-`mVhr _mdoZmem hmoV AmhoV ho AmnUmg nmhd`mg {_iVo Amho. AmOÀ`m {ejUmMr hr
{Xem OJmbm A{V ^ì` {Xì` C§Mrda ZoV AmhoV.
{dÚmÏ`mª_Ü`o Am§VaOmb {df`H$ OmJê$H$Vm \$maM H$_r Agë`mMo {XgVo Am{Ug§JUH$ d Am§VaOmb
{df`H$ OmJê$H$Vm dmT>{dÊ`mMr Amdí`H$Vm dma§dma {XgyZ `oVo. AmYw{ZH$ `wJmbm JVr XoÊ`mgmR>r Am§VaOmbmMo
kmZ AgUo Amdí`H$ Amho åhÊmyZ Am§VaOmb åhUOo H$m`?$ Am§VaOmbmMm emoY H$moUr bmdbm ?$ d Ho$ìhm Pmbm
?$ Am§VaOmbmMo àH$ma H$moUVo ?$ Am§VaOmbmMo e¡j{UH$ d d¡`pŠVH$ H$m`Xo, H$mimMr JaO Am{U Am§VaOmbmMm
dmna H$em àH$mao d H$moR>oH$moR>o H$aVm `oVmo ? BË`mXr _m{hVr {_idUo åhUOoM WmoS>Š`mV Am§VaOmbmÀ`m Om{Udo~Ôb
d dmnam~Ôb _m{hVr KoUo _hËdmMo Amho.Am§VaOmbm~m~V OmUrd Am{U Ë`mÀ`m dmnamMm eha d J«m_rU ^mJmVrb
\$aH$ emoYÊ`mgmR>r VgoM Ë`m {df`r gImob _m{hVr àmá ìhmdr åhUyZ B`Îmm ZddrVrb {dÚmÏ`mªMr
Am§VaOmbm~m~V OmUrd Am{U Ë`mÀ`m dmnamMm VwbZmË_H$ Aä`mg àñVwV g§emoYZmV H$aÊ`mV Ambm Amho.

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p`stavanaa
&ana manauYya tRtIya nao~maM! na ih &anaona sadRSaM piva~ imahma ivaVto jagat !!¸Aqaa-tca &anaa[tko piva~ yaa jagaat
dusaro kahIhI naahI. iSaxaNa mhNajao Aa%maaivaYkar, ivaVaqyaa-MmaQaIla pUNa-%vaacaa AaivaYkar¸ vya@tIcyaa AaMtirk va naOsaiga-
kSa>IMcaa gaitmaana samataola mhNajao iSaxaNa haoya. iSaxaNaaiSavaaya kaoNatIhI vya>I AaiNa samaaja samaRw¸ pirpUNa- va
svaaiBamaanaI jaIvana jagaU Sakt naahI. mhNaUnaca ivaVaqyaa-Mcaa savaa-MgaINa ivakasa hoca iSaxaNaacao mah<vaacao ]i_YT Aaho. %yaa
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 MkW- amhþb ~iram_ H$m§~io 13793
(Pg. 13792-13805)

dRYTInao ivaVaqyaa-Mcyaa vat-naacaa AByaasa iSaxaNaaWaro kolaa jaatao. p`%yaok sajaIvaasa ivaivaQa p`saMgaI kahInaa kahI ÌtI satt
kravaI laagato. yaa sajaIvaaMcyaa ÌtI mhNajaoca vat-na haoya. maanavaI vat-na ho garjaaMtUna GaDt Asato. garjaaMcao samaaQaana Jaalao
naahItr vat-naacaa samataola ibaGaDtao. yaacaaca Aqa- maanavaacao vat-na saacaobaMQa nasaUna vaOivaQyapUNa- Asato.yaasaazI iSaxaNaamaQyao
navanavaIna ivaYayaaMcaa samaavaoSa kolaa jaatao jyaa maQyao pyaa-varNa iSaxaNa¸ saMgaNak iSaxaNa¸ klaa va kayaa-nauBavatsaoca pirsar
AByaasa yaa ivaYayaaMcaa hI samaavaoSa kolaolaa Aaho pNa saMgaNak ivaYayak jaaNaIva hvaI tovaZI ivaVaqyaa-maQyao Asalyaacao idsaUna yaot
naahI.
ivaVaqyaa-MmaQyao AaMtrjaala ivaYayak jaaga$kta farca kmaI Asalyaacao %yaaMcyaa saMgaNak va AaMtrjaala ivaYayak
ivaYayak jaaga$kta vaaZivaNyaasaazI ivaivaQa ]pËmaaMcaI AavaSyakta vaarMvaar idsaUna yaoto tsaoca AaMtrjaalaabaabat jaaNaIva
AaiNa %yaacyaa vaapracaa Sahr va ga`amaINa BaagaatIla frk SaaoQaNyaasaazItsaoca %yaa ivaYayaI saKaola maaihtI p`aPt vhavaI mhNaUna
‚[ya<aa navavaItIla ivaVaqyaa-McaI AaMtrjaalaabaabat jaaNaIva AaiNa %yaacyaa vaapracaa tulanaa%mak AByaasa‛p`stut saMSaaoQanaat
krNyaat Aalaa Aaho.
saMSaaoQanaacao SaIYa-k
‚[ya<aa navavaItIla ivaVaqyaa-McaI AaMtrjaalaabaabat jaaNaIva AaiNa %yaacyaa vaapracaa tulanaa%mak AByaasa‛
saMSaaoQana samasyaa ivaQaana
‚puNao ijalhyaatIla SahrI va ga`amaINa BaagaatIla [ya<aa navavaItIla ivaVaqyaa-McaI AaMtrjaalaabaabat jaaNaIva AaiNa
%yaacyaa vaapracaa tulanaa%mak AByaasa‛
saMSaaoQanaatIla pdaMcyaa saMklpnaa%mak va kayaa-%mak vyaa#yaa
saMklpnaa%mak vyaa#yaa
ivaVaqaI- : ‘ivaVaqaI- mhNajao tI vya@tI baalak ikMvaa p`aOZ iSaxaNaacyaa maaga-dSa-naaKalaI va pya-vaoxaNaaKalaI iSaxaNa p`aPt
krto.’
AaMtrjaala: ‘maaihtI tM~&anaavdaro maaihtIcao saMklana krNyaasa madt krNaaro saaQana haoya.’
jaaNaIva : ‘jaaNaIva mhNajao idlaolyaa vaoLosa eKadyaa vya@tIsa eki~tir%yaa maaihtI Asalaolao sava- AnauBava haoya.’
vaapr : ‘jaI gauNava<aa dOnaMidna jaIvana jagaNyaasaazI ]pyau@t pDto.’
kayaa-%mak vyaa#yaa
[ya<aa navavaIcao ivaVaqaI-: ‘raYT/Iya SaOxaiNak QaaorNaanausaar ³1986´ inaSicat kolaolyaa iSaxaNaacaa str 5+3+2+2+3
yaa rcanaotIla maaQyaimak stravarIla ek vaga-.’
AaMtrjaala jaaNaIva :‘ivaVaqyaa-Mnaa AaMtrjaalaacyaa [ithasaaba_lacaI¸ %yaasaazI vaaprNyaat yaoNaa¹yaa saaQanaaMba_lacaI¸
AaMtrjaalaacyaa P`akaraba_lacaI AaiNa %yaa pasaUna haoNa¹yaa fayadyaaMcaI maaihtI AsaNao mhNajaoca AaMtrjaala jaaNaIva haoya.’

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AaMtrjaalaa vaapr :‘SaaLotIla ivaVaqyaa-MmaQyao SaOxaiNak maaihtI jaaNaUna GaoNyaasaazIcaI AavaD va vaOyai@tk maaihtI GaoNyaasaazIcaI
AsalaolaI ]%saukta yaasaazI AaMtrjaalaacaI hataLNaI krNao mhNajao AaMtrjaala vaapr haoya.’
5.4 saMSaaoQanaacaI garja
saMSaaoQana krtanaa to saQyaacyaa saMSaaoQanaat iktI yaaogadna doto ho pahNao garjaocao Asato. ho jaovha saMSaaoQana mah<vapU Na-
zrto. %yaasaazI vaoL¸ kYT va pOsaa Kca- krNao maUlyavaana zrto. ]plabQa saMSaaoQanaacaa AaZavaa GaotlyaanaMtr Asao AaZLUna
Aalao ik saMgaNak iSaxaNaacaa ]_oSa¸ saMgaNak iSaxaNaacaa pircaya¸ mahaivaValayaatIla saMgaNak ivaYayaacao iSaxaNa Gaotanaa
laagaNaa-yaa saaQana sauivaQaacaa AByaasa [%yaadI ivaYayaat mahaivaValayaIna stravar saMSaaoQana Jaalao Aaho.
dOnaMidna ijavanaatIla P`a%yaok GaTkacaa P`a%yaxa va AP`a%yaxa saMbaMQa maaihtI tM~&anaaSaI yaot Asatao. saMgaNakacao mah%va
ho AQauinak va [lao@T/aoinak yaugaat vaaZtca Aaho. Aata saMgaNakabaraobarca AMtrjaaLacaa vaapr saMrxaNa ivaBaaga¸ Saasaikya
saMsqaa pya-Mt mayaa-idt nasaUna AaMtrjaalaacaa vaapr vyaapar¸ ]VaogaQaMdo¸ Aaraogya ËoMd`o¸ ivamaa kMpnyaa¸ saMSaaoQana kaya-¸ dLNavaLNa
yaM~NaopasaUna to sava-saaQarNa vyai@tpya-Mt AaQauinak maaihtI GaoNyaasaazI maaozyaa P`amaaNaat hao} laagalaa Aaho. mhNaUna
AaMtrjaalaacao maaihtI GaoNao AavaSyak Jaalao Aaho. (amauLo maaQyaimak SaaLomaQyao ivaVaqyaa-Mnaa va iSaxakaMnaa AaMtrjaalaa ivaYayaI
&ana va hataLNaI kaOSalya Aa%masaat krNao hI Aajacyaa kaLacaI garja Aaho. P`a%yaok gaaoYTIcao inarakrNa ho AaMtrjaalaamauLo
Aaja haotanaa idsat Aaho.
AaMtrjaalaacao &ana Avagat haoNyaasaazI ¸ AaMtrjaala jaaNaIva ivaVaqyaa-MmaQyao yaavaI¸ ivaVaqyaa-Mcaa baaoQaa%mak¸
Baavanaa%mak¸ iËyaa%mak yaa itnhI xao~acaa ivakasa vhavaa mhNaUna P`a%yaok maaQyaimak SaaLaMmaQaUna saMgaNak P`ayaaogaSaaLa sqaapna
k$na ivaVaqyaa-Mnaa saMgaNak P`aiSaxaNaa baraobar AaMtrjaalaacao iSaxaNa idlao jaato. %yaaca baraobar AQauinak garja pahUna %yaa
maaQyaimak SaaLaMmaQyao AaMtrjaalaacao P`aa%yaixako k$na GaotlaI jaato. %yaasaazI maaQyaimak SaaLaMtIla ivaVaqyaa-MmaQyao
AaMtrjaalaacaI iktpt jaaNaIva Aaho va ivaVaqaI- iktpt AaMtrjaalaacaa vaapr k$na Gaotat ho jaaNaNao savaa-t mah%vaacao zrto.
mhNaUna saMSaaoQakanao ‚[ya<aa navavaItIla ivaVaqyaa-McaI AaMtrjaalaabaabat jaaNaIva AaiNa %yaacyaa vaapracaa tulanaa%mak AByaasa‛ha
ivaYaya inavaDlaolaa Aaho
saMSaaoQanaacao mah<va
sadr saMSaaoQanaatUna imaLNaa¹yaa inaYkYaa-Mcaa fayada ivaVaqaI-Ê iSaxak va mau#yaaQyaapk yaaMnaa hao[-la. ivaVaqyaa-Mnaa svatÁcyaa vat-
naacaI jaaNaIva hao[-la. ivaVaqyaa-McaI inaNa-yaxamata vaaZivaNyaasa madt hao[-la. tsaoca %yaaMcyaa klpnaaSa>Icaa ivakasa hao[-la.
pRqa@krNaa%mak ivacaar k$na samasyaa inarakrNa krNyaacaI savaya laagaola. sava-saamaanyapNao svatÁcyaa Baavanaa dusa¹yaaMsamaaor
vya@t k$ SaktIla. ivaVaqyaa-McaI kaya-xamata ivakisat haoNyaasa madt hao[-la.
sadr saMSaaoQanaatUna imaLNaa¹yaa inaYkYaa-caa fayada puZIla P`amaaNao saaMgata yao[-la.

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saMSaaoQanaatUna imaLNaa-yaa inaYkYaa-mau/Lo ivaVaqyaa-Mnaa¸ iSaxakaMnaa va mau#yaaQyaapkaMnaa vagaa-caI P`agatI iktI Aaho ho
samajaNyaasa madt hao[-la tsaova nava &ana p`aPtIsaazI AavaSyak kaya- samajaola va iSaxakaMnaa AQyaapna kaya- krtanaa ivaVaqyaa-
Mnaa AaNaKI kSaaP`akaro P`aiSaxaNa va iSaxaNa Vavayaasa hvao yaacao &anahao[-la.
saMSaaoQanaacaI ]i_YTo
1. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa ivaVaqyaa-McyaaAaMtrjaalaabaabat jaaNaIvaocaa SaaoQa GaoNao.
2. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa ivaVaqyaa-McyaaAaMtrjaalaabaabat jaaNaIvaocaa tulanaa%mak AByaasa krNao.
3. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa ivaVaqyaa-McyaaAaMtrjaalaacyaa jaaNaIvaocaa va vaapracaa tulanaa%mak AByaasa krNao.
saMSaaoQanaacaIgaRhItko
1. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa ivaVaqyaa-McaI AaMtrjaalaabaabat jaaNaIvaot frk Aaho.
2. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa ivaVaqyaa-McaI AaMtrjaalaabaabat jaaNaIva va AaMtrjaalaacaa vaapr iBanna sva$pacaI idsaUna yaotao.
3. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa Saalaoya AByaasaËmaat ivaVaqyaa-MnaasaMgaNak ivaYayaat AaMtrjaala ha GaTk Ainavaaya- Aaho.
saMSaaoQana p`Sna
1. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa ivaVaqyaa-MmaQyao Saalaoya p`karanausaar AaMtrjaalaacyaa jaaNaIvaot va vaaprat frk Aaho kaÆ
2. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa ivaVaqyaa-MmaQyao ga`amaINa va SahrI ivaBaagaanausaar AaMtrjaalaacyaa jaaNaIvaot va vaaprat frk Aaho
kaÆ
3. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa ivaVaqyaa-MmaQyao ilaMgaBaoda nausaar AaMtrjaalaacyaa jaaNaIvaot va vaaprat frk Aaho kaÆ
saMSaaoQana pirklpnaa
1. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa ga`amaINa va SahrI ivaVaqyaa-McyaaAaMtrjaala jaaNaIvaotlaxaNaIya frk naahI.
2. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa ga`amaINa Anaudainat maaQyaimak SaaLotIla va ga`amaINa ivanaaAnaudainat maaQyaimak SaaLotIla
ivaVaqyaa-McyaaAaMtrjaala jaaNaIvaotlaxaNaIya frk naahI.
3. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa SahrI Anaudainat maaQyaimak SaaLotIla va SahrI ivanaaAnaudainat maaQyaimak SaaLotIla ivaVaqyaa-
McyaaAaMtrjaala jaaNaIvaotlaxaNaIya frk naahI.
4. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa ga`amaINa maaQyaimak SaaLotIla maulao vaga`amaINa maaQyaimak SaaLotIla maulaI yaaMmaQyao AaMtrjaala
jaaNaIvaotlaxaNaIya frk naahI.
5. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa SahrI maaQyaimak SaaLotIla maulao vaSahrI maaQyaimak SaaLotIla maulaI yaaMmaQyao AaMtrjaala
jaaNaIvaotlaxaNaIya frk naahI.
6. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa ga`amaINa maaQyaimak SaaLotIla maulao vaSahrI maaQyaimak SaaLotIla maulao yaaMmaQyao AaMtrjaala
jaaNaIvaotlaxaNaIya frk naahI.

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7. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa ga`amaINa maaQyaimak SaaLotIla maulaIo vaSahrI maaQyaimak SaaLotIla maulaI yaaMmaQyao AaMtrjaala
jaaNaIvaotlaxaNaIya frk naahI
8. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa ga`amaINa Anaudainat maaQyaimak SaaLotIla va SahrI Anaudainat maaQyaimak SaaLotIla ivaVaqyaa-
McyaaAaMtrjaala jaaNaIvaotlaxaNaIya frk naahI.
9. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa ga`amaINa ivanaaAnaudainat maaQyaimak SaaLotIla va SahrI ivanaaAnaudainat maaQyaimak SaaLotIla
ivaVaqyaa-McyaaAaMtrjaala jaaNaIvaotlaxaNaIya frk naahI.
10. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa ga`amaINa va SahrI ivaVaqyaa-McyaaAaMtrjaalavaapratlaxaNaIya frk naahI.
11. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa ga`amaINa Anaudainat maaQyaimak SaaLotIla va ga`amaINa ivanaaAnaudainat maaQyaimak SaaLotIla
ivaVaqyaa-McyaaAaMtrjaalavaapratlaxaNaIya frk naahI.
12. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa SahrI Anaudainat maaQyaimak SaaLotIla va SahrI ivanaaAnaudainat maaQyaimak SaaLotIla ivaVaqyaa-
McyaaAaMtrjaalavaapratlaxaNaIya frk naahI.
13. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa ga`amaINa maaQyaimak SaaLotIla maulao vaga`amaINa maaQyaimak SaaLotIla maulaI yaaMmaQyao
AaMtrjaalavaapratlaxaNaIya frk naahI.
14. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa SahrI maaQyaimak SaaLotIla maulao vaSahrI maaQyaimak SaaLotIla maulaI yaaMmaQyao
AaMtrjaalavaapratlaxaNaIya frk naahI.
15. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa ga`amaINa maaQyaimak SaaLotIla maulao vaSahrI maaQyaimak SaaLotIla maulao yaaMmaQyao
AaMtrjaalavaapratlaxaNaIya frk naahI.
16. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa ga`amaINa maaQyaimak SaaLotIla maulaIo vaSahrI maaQyaimak SaaLotIla maulaI yaaMmaQyao
AaMtrjaalavaapratlaxaNaIya frk naahI
17. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa ga`amaINa Anaudainat maaQyaimak SaaLotIla va SahrI Anaudainat maaQyaimak SaaLotIla ivaVaqyaa-
McyaaAaMtrjaalavaapratlaxaNaIya frk naahI.
18. [ya%%aa navavaIcyaa ga`amaINa ivanaaAnaudainat maaQyaimak SaaLotIla va SahrI ivanaaAnaudainat maaQyaimak SaaLotIla
ivaVaqyaa-McyaaAaMtrjaalavaaprat laxaNaIya frk naahI.
saMSaaoQanaacaI vyaaPtI¸ mayaa-da va pirmayaa-da
saMSaaoQanaacaI vyaaPtI
1. p`stut saMSaaoQana ho puNao ijal(atIla SahrI va ga`amaINa xao~amaQaIla maaQyaimak SaaLaMSaI saMbaMiQat Aaho.
2. p`stut saMSaaoQana ho SahrI va ga`amaINa xao~amaQaIla maaQyaimak SaaLotIla [ya<aa navavaImaQyao iSakt Asalaolyaa ivaVaqyaa-
MSaItsaoca iSaxak va mau#yaaQyaapkaMSaI saMbaMiQat Aaho.

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3. p`stut saMSaaoQana ho [ya<aa navavaImaQaIla ivaVaqyaa-Mcyaa AaMtrjaala jaaNaIva va vaapraSaI saMbaMiQat Aaho.
saMSaaoQanaacyaa mayaa-da
1. sadr saMSaaoQana ho puNao ijal(atIla SahrI va ga`amaINa xao~amaQaIla maaQyaimak SaaLaMpurtoca mayaa-dIt Aaho.
2. sadr saMSaaoQana ho puNao ijal(atIla SahrI va ga`amaINa BaagaatIla maaQyaimak stratIla [ya<aa navavaI maQyao iSaxaNa
GaoNaa¹yaa ivaVaqyaa-purtoca tsaoca iSaxak va mau#yaaQyaapkapurtoca mayaa-idt Aaho.
3. sadr saMSaaoQana ho puNao ijal(atIla SahrI va ga`amaINa BaagaatIla maaQyaimak stratIla marazI maaQyamaacyaa SaaLot
iSaxaNa GaoNaa¹yaa ivaVaqyaa-pru toca mayaa-idt Aaho.
4. sadr saMSaaoQana ho [ya<aa navavaImaQaIla SahrI va ga`amaINa ivaVaqyaa-McyaaAaMtrjaala jaaNaIva va vaapracyaa
AByaasaapurtoca mayaa-idt Aaho.
Pairmayaa-da
1. sadr saMSaaoQana ho puNao ijal(apurto mayaa-idt Aaho.
2. p`stut saMSaaoQana var ]llaoKlaolyaaivaVaqyaa-pru toca mayaa-idt Aaho.
3. sadr saMSaaoQana ho puNao ijal(atIla SahrI va ga`amaINa BaagaatIla maaQyaimak stratIla marazI maaQyamaacyaa SaaLopurto mayaa-
idt Aaho.
4. p`stut saMSaaoQana var ]llaoKlaolyaaivaVaqyaa-cyaa AaMtrjaala jaaiNavaopurto mayaa-idtAaho.
5. p`stut saMSaaoQana var ]llaoKlaolyaaivaVaqyaa-cyaa ivaivaQa AaMtrjaala vaaprapurto mayaa-idtAaho.
6. p`stut saMSaaoQana SaOxaiNak vaYa- 2015¹2017 yaa kalaavaQaIpurto mayaa-idt Aaho.
g§emoYZ nÕVr
dU©ZmË_H$ g§emoYZ nÕVr _Yrb H$maU{__m§gm VwbZmË_H$ nÕVrMm dmna Ho$bm Amho
Z_wZm {ZdS> nÕVr
àñVwV Aä`mgmgmR>r g§emoYH$mZo ~hþñVar` `mÑpÀN>H$ Z_wZm {ZdS> nÕVrMm dmna Ho$bm Amho.
Ý`mXe©
g§emoYH$mZo nwUo {OëømVrb Voam VmbwŠ`mVrb _mÜ`{_H$ ñVamdarb 20 _amRr _mÜ`_mÀ`m emim§_YÿZ B`Îmm
ZddrVrb 1028 {dÚmÏ`mªMr {ZdS> Ho$br Amho.
Z_wZm àgm_mݶ MmMUr (Sample Normality Test)
àñVwV g§emoYZmVrb Am§VaOmb OmUrd d Am§VaOmb dmna ¶m XmoÝhr Mbm§À¶m ghmæ¶mZo g§H${bV Ho$bobm Z_wZm
àgm_mݶ Amho.

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g§emoYZmMr gmYZo d V§Ìo

g§emoYZ gmYZo :
1.ñd{Z{_©V MmMUr
2.ñd{Z{_©V nX{ZíM`Z loUr
V§Ì :"Q>r' n[a{jH$m
g§emoYZmMo {ZîH$f©
n[aH$ënZm ñdrH$ma gm§p»`H$s
gmaUr "Q>r' n[aH$ënZoMm
n[aH$ënZm H« à_mU
MmMUr _Ü`_mZ _yë` nar{jHo$Mo ñdrH$ma/ Ë`mJ
. {dMbZ
0.05 0.01 JwUmoÎma 0.05
J«m_rU {dÚmWuAm§VaOmb OmUrd 24.79 5.27

ehar {dÚmWu Am§VaOmb OmUrd 25.02 5.45 1.96 2.58 0.68 ñdrH$ma
1

ehar AZwXm{ZV{dÚmWuAm§VaOmb OmUrd

24.80 5.49
3 ehar {dZm AZwXm{ZV {dÚmWuAm§VaOmb 1.96 2.59 0.86 ñdrH$ma
25.22 5.43
OmUrd
J«m_rU _wboAm§VaOmb OmUrd 23.18 4.80
6
ehar _wbrAm§VaOmb OmUrd 23.92 5.58 1.96 2.59 1.59 ñdrH$ma
J«m_rU _wbrAm§VaOmb OmUrd 26.32 5.26
7 ehar _wbrAm§VaOmb OmUrd 26.08 5.12 1.96 2.59 1.06 ñdrH$ma
J«m_rU AZwXm{ZV {dÚmWuAm§VaOmb OmUrd
24.28 5.56
8
ehar AZwXm{ZV {dÚmWuAm§VaOmb OmUrd 27.80 5.49 1.96 2.59 0.07 ñdrH$ma
J«m_rU {dZm AZwXm{ZV {dÚmWuAm§VaOmb
OmUrd 25.33 4.90
9 ehar {dZm AZwXm{ZV {dÚmWuAm§VaOmb 1.96 2.59 0.24 ñdrH$ma
25.22 5.43
OmUrd
J«m_rU AZwXm{ZV {dÚmWuAm§VaOmb dmna
121.83 26.69
11
J«m_rU {dZm AZwXm{ZV {dÚmWuAm§VaOmb dmna 124.52 28.95 1.96 2.59 1.11 ñdrH$ma
ehar AZwXm{ZV {dÚmWuAm§VaOmb dmna
125.39 27.74
12 ehar {dZm AZwXm{ZV {dÚmWuAm§VaOmb dmna
127.79 28.49 1.96 2.59 0.96 ñdrH$ma
J«m_rU _wboAm§VaOmb dmna 125.05 27.89
13 J«m_rU _wbrAm§VaOmb dmna 121.30 27.66 1.96 2.59 1.54 ñdrH$ma

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14 ehar _wboAm§VaOmb dmna 128.20 28.58 1.96 2.59 1.24 ñdrH$ma

ehar _wbrAm§VaOmb dmna 125.10 27.60
J«m_rU _wboAm§VaOmb dmna 125.05 27.89
15
ehar _wboAm§VaOmb dmna 128.20 28.58 1.96 2.59 1.25 ñdrH$ma
J«m_rU _wbrAm§VaOmb dmna 121.30 27.66
16
ehar _wbrAm§VaOmb dmna 125.10 27.60 1.96 2.59 1.58 ñdrH$ma
J«m_rU AZwXm{ZV {dÚmWuAm§VaOmb dmna 121.83 26.69
17 ehar AZwXm{ZV {dÚmWuAm§VaOmb dmna 125.39 27.74 1.96 2.59 1.49 ñdrH$ma
J«m_rU {dZm AZwXm{ZV {dÚmWuAm§VaOmb dmna
124.52 28.95
18
ehar {dZm AZwXm{ZV {dÚmWuAm§VaOmb dmna 127.79 28.49 1.96 2.59 1.28 ñdrH$ma

1. B`ËVm ZddrÀ`m J«m_rU d ehar {dÚmÏ`mªÀ`m Am§VaOmb Om{UdoV bjUr` \$aH$ Zmhr.H$maU J«m_rU d
ehar ^mJm_Ü`o Am§VaOmb g§~§{YV dmMU gm{h˶o $ {_iÊ`mg d {_idÊ`mg A{YH$ gmoB©Mo OmV Agmdo,
J«m_rU d ehar ^mJmVrb {dÚmÏ`mªH$So> {ejH$m§H$Sy>Z d¡`pŠVH$ bj {Xbo OmV Agmdo, J«m_rU d ehar
^mJmVrb {dÚmWv bjnyd©H$ EoH$V AgVrb, ZdrZ kmZ {_idÊ`mg CËgwH$ AgVrb, VgoM emioV
àË`oH$ KQ>H$mda _wë`_mnZ H$ê$Z KoVbo OmV Agmdo. åhUyZ J«m_rU d ehar ^mJmVrb {dÚmÏ`mª_Ü`o
Am§VaOmb Om{UdoV bjUr` \$aH$ Zmhr.
3. B`ËVm ZddrÀ`m ehar AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb d ehar {dZm AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb
{dÚmÏ`mªÀ`m Am§VaOmb Om{UdoV bjUr` \$aH$ Zmhr. H$maU eharAZwXm{ZV d {dZm AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$
emioVrb {dÚmÏ`mªZm Am§VaOmbmÀ`m B{Vhmgm~Ôb, OmoS>Ur~Ôb d Am§VaOmbmgmR>r bmJUm-`m
gmYZm§~Ôb _m{hVrAgë`mMo {XgyZ `oVo. d {dÚmÏ`mªZm {ejH$m§H$Sy>Z Am§VaOmbm~Ôb gmoß`m nÜXVrZo
_mJ©Xe©Z Ho$bo OmV Agmdo. VgoM ehar AZwXm{ZV d {dZm AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb {dÚmÏ`mªZm
Am§VaOmbm ~ÔbMo kmZ ZdrZ Agë`m_wio {eHÊ`mg BÀNwH AgmdVo.
6. B`ËVm ZddrÀ`m J«m_rU _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbo d ehar _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbo `m§À`m Am§VaOmb
Om{UdoV bjUr` \$aH$ Zmhr. H$maU J«m_rU d ehar _mÜ`{_H _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbm§Zm ^m¡{VH$ d
_mZdr gw{dYoV AS>MUr `oV ZgVrb, g¨JUH {ejH à{e{jV AgmdoV, Am§VaOmbMr _m{hVr {_idÊ`mMo
{d{dY ómoV CnbãY AgmdoV , dJm©_Ü`o EH$mJ«VoZo EoH$V AgVrb VgoM _wbm§Zm Am§VaOmbmMr AmdS> Agy
eH$Vo. åhUyZ J«m_rU _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbo d ehar _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbo `m§À`m Am§VaOmb
Om{UdoV \$aH$ AmTiV Zmhr.
7. B`ËVm ZddrÀ`m J«m_rU _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbro d ehar _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbr `m§À`m Am§VaOmb
Om{UdoV bjUr` \$aH$ AmT>iV Zmhr. H$maU J«m_rUd ehar _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbt_Ü`o

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Am§VaOmbm~Ôb CËgwH$Vm d A{^ê$Mr {XgyZ `oVo , J«m_rU _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbtÀ`m Am§VaOmbmdÔb
`oÊ`m-`m AS>MUt {ejH$m§H$Sy>Z gmoS>dë`m OmV Agì`mVd J«m_rU _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbr§Zm d ehar
_mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbr§Zm Am§VaOmbmMr AmdS> Agy eH$Vo.
8. B`ËVm ZddrÀ`m J«m_rU AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb d ehar AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$
emioVrb {dÚmÏ`mªÀ`m Am§VaOmb Om{UdoV bjUr` \$aH$ Zmhr. H$maU J«m_rU d ehar
AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb {dÚmÏ`mªMr Am§VaOmbm~Ôb Aä`mgmMr AmdS> {XgyZ `oVo,
J«m_rU d ehar_mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb {dÚmÏ`mªZmAm§VaOmbmdÔb AmÚmdV _{hVr
{ejH$m§H$Sy>Z {_iÊ`mg _XV hmoV Agmdr d ehar {dÚmÏ`mªZm Am§VaOmbmMr _m{hVr
{_idÊ`mgmR>r {d{dY ñÌmoV CnbãY AgVrb.
9. B`ËVm ZddrÀ`m J«m_rU {dZm AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb d ehar {dZm AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb
{dÚmÏ`mªÀ`m Am§VaOmb Om{UdoV bjUr` \$aH$ AmT>iV Zmhr. H$maU J«m_rUd ehar {dZm AZwXm{ZV
_mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb {dÚmÏ`mª_Ü`o Am§VaOmb A{^ê$Mr OmUdVo, {dÚmÏ`m©Zm ZdrZ kmZ J«hU H$aÊ`mMr
AmdS> {XgyZ `oVo. Am§VaOmb g§~§{YV dmMZmMr, gmYZm§Mr d Am§VaOmbm g§~§{YV gw{dYm§Mr _m{hVr
Agë`mMo OmUdVo.J«m_rU d ehar {dZm AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb {dÚmWu EZ H$mQm©Mm dmna H$aV
AgVrb.
11. B`ËVm ZddrÀ`m J«m_rU AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb d J«m_rU {dZm AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb
{dÚmÏ`mªÀ`m Am§VaOmb dmnamV bjUr` \$aH$ AmT>iV Zmhr. H$maU J«m_rU AZwXm{ZV d J«m_rU {dZm
AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb {dÚmÏ`m©Zm emio_Ü`o g§JUH$ àmË`{jHo$ H$aÊ`mÀ`m gd© gmo`r gw{dYm
CnbãY AgVrb, J«m_rU AZwXm{ZV d J«m_rU {dZm AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb {dÚmWu embo`
(J{UV, {dkmZ d B§J«Or) {df`m§Mr _m{hVr KoÊ`mgmR>r d _Zmoa§OZmgmR>r Am§VaOmbmMm dmna H$aVmV Ago
{XgyZ `oVo d J«m_rU AZwXm{ZV d J«m_rU {dZm _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb {dÚmÏ`m©Zm emio_Ü`o g§JUH$
àmË`{jHo$ H$aÊ`mg gmo`r CnbãY AgyZ Am§VaOmbmMr A{^ê$Mr hr OmUdVo.
12. B`ËVm ZddrÀ`m ehar AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb d ehar {dZm AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb
{dÚmÏ`mªÀ`m Am§VaOmb dmnamV bjUr` \$aH$ AmT>iV Zmhr. H$maU ehar AZwXm{ZV d ehar {dZm
AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb {dÚmWu Am§VaOmbmMm dmna H$aVmZm `oUm-`m AS>MUtMo {ZdmaU g§~§{YV
{ejH$m§H$Sy>Z H$ê$Z KoV AgVrb. VgoM ehar {dZm AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb {dÚmWu bjnyd©H$
EoH$yU àmË`{jHo$ H$aV AgVrb d ehar {dZm AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb {dÚmÏ`mªÀ`m Kar hr
Am§VaOmb gw{dYm CnbãY AgÊ`mMr eŠ`Vm Amho. åhUwZ B`ËVm ZddrÀ`m ehar AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$

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emioVrb d ehar {dZm AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb {dÚmÏ`mªÀ`m Am§VaOmb dmnamV bjUr` \$aH$
AmT>iV Zmhr.
13. B`ËVm ZddrÀ`m J«m_rU _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbo d J«m_rU _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbr `m§_Ü`o Am§VaOmb
dmnamV bjUr` \$aH$ AmT>iV Zmhr. H$maU _wbr§Zm d _wbm§Zm g_mOm_Ü`o g_mZ dmJUyH {Xbr OmV
AgyZ, _wbr§Zm hr g_mOm_Ü`o _wŠV dmdaÊ`mg _w^m {XgyZ `oVo Ë`m_wio _wbo d _wbr Kam ~mhoarb Am§VaOmb
H|$Ðm§dagwÜXm àmË`m{jHo$ H$aV AgVrb, _mo~mBbdarb Am¨VaOmb gw{dYoMm dmna H$aV AgmdoV. _wbr§Zm d
_wbm§Zm g_mOm_Ü`o g_mZ dmJUyH {Xbr OmV Agmdr åhUyZ B`ËVm ZddrÀ`m J«m_rU _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb
_wbo d J«m_rU _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbr `m§_Ü`o Am§VaOmb dmnamV bjUr` \$aH$ AmT>iV Zmhr.
14. B`ËVm ZddrÀ`m ehar _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbo d ehar _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbr `m§_Ü`o Am§VaOmb
dmnamV bjUr` \$aH$ AmT>iV Zmhr. H$maU _wbo d _wbr ImOJr Am§VaOmb H|$ÐmdaVr OmD$Z Am§VaOmb
{df`H$ àmË`{jHo$ H$aV AgVrb d _wbm§_Ü`o d _wbr§§_Ü`o Am§VaOmb A{^ê$Mr OmUdVo. _wbr§Zm hr
g_mOm_Ü`o _wŠV dmdaÊ`mg _w^m {XgyZ `oVo Ë`m_wio _wbo d _wbr Kam ~mhoarb Am§VaOmb H|$Ðm§dagwÜXm
àmË`m{jHo$ H$aV AgVrb, _mo~mBbdarb Am¨VaOmb gw{dYoMm dmna H$aV AgmdoV. _wbr§Zm d _wbm§Zm
g_mOm_Ü`o g_mZ dmJUyH {Xbr OmV Agmdr. åhUyZ B`ËVm ZddrÀ`m J«m_rU _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbo d
J«m_rU _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbr `m§_Ü`o Am§VaOmb dmnamV bjUr` \$aH$ AmT>iV Zmhr.
15. B`ËVm ZddrÀ`m J«m_rU _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbo d ehar _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbo `m§_Ü`o Am§VaOmb
dmnamV bjUr` \$aH$ AmT>iV Zmhr. H$maUJ«m_rUd ehar _mÜ`{_H$ emio_Ü`o Am§VaOmb dmnamMr gmo`
Agob , àmË`{jHo$ H$ê$Z KoVbr OmV AgVrb, àmË`{jH$m§gmR>r OmñV doi {Xbm OmV Agmdm. J«m_rUd
ehar _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb {ejH$ à{e{jV AgmdoV. åhUyZ B`ËVm ZddrÀ`m J«m_rU _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb
_wbo d ehar _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbo `m§_Ü`o Am§VaOmb dmnamV bjUr` \$aH$ AmT>iV Zmhr.
16. B`ËVm ZddrÀ`m J«m_rU _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbro d ehar _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbr `m§À`m Am§VaOmb
dmnamV bjUr` \$aH$ AmT>iV Zmhr. H$maU J«m_rUd eham_Ü`o àmË`{jHo$ H$aÊ`mgmR>r gd© gw{dYm
AgVrb , {ejH$m§H$Sy>Z J«m_rUdehar _wbtH$So> OmñV bj {Xbo OmV Agmdo, àmË`{jH$mgmR>r OmñVrÀ`m
Vm{gH$m§Mo {Z`moOZ Ho$bo OmV Agmdo åhUyZ B`ËVm ZddrÀ`m J«m_rU _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbro d ehar
_mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbr `m§À`m Am§VaOmb dmnamV bjUr` \$aH$ AmT>iV Zmhr.
17. B`ËVm ZddrÀ`m J«m_rU AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb d ehar AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb
{dÚmÏ`mªÀ`m Am§VaOmb dmnamV bjUr` \$aH$ Zmhr. H$maU J«m_rUdehar AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emim§Vrb
{dÚmÏ`mªH$So> Am¨VaOmb dmnamgmRr g¨JUHm ì`{V{a³V _mo~mBb dmnabm OmV Agmdm, VgoM ho {dÚmWu

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ImOJr Am¨VaOmb H|Ðm_Ü`o àmË`{jH$ H$aV AgmdoV, J«m_rUdehar AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb
{dÚmWuÀ`m Kar Am§VaOmbmMr gmo` Agmdr. VgoM `m {dÚmWu_Ï`o Am§VaOmb dmnamMr CËgwH$Vm {XgyZ
`oVo.
18. B`ËVm ZddrÀ`m J«m_rU {dZm AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb d ehar {dZm AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb
{dÚmÏ`mªÀ`m Am§VaOmb dmnamV bjUr` \$aH$ AmT>iV Zmhr. H$maU J«m_rUdehar {dZm AZwXm{ZV
_mÜ`{_H$ emim§Vrb {dÚmÏ`mªH$So> {ejH$m§H$Sy>Z d¡`pŠVH$ bj {Xbo OmV Agmdo, VgoM ho {dÚmWu
ImOJr Am¨VaOmb H|Ðm_Ü`o àmË`{jH$ H$aV AgmdoV, J«m_rUd ehar {dZm AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb
{dÚmWu bjnyd©H$ EoH$V AgVrb d àmË`{jH$ H$ê$Z nmhÊ`mMm à`ËZ H$aV AgVrb , _mo~mBbdarb
Am¨VaOmb gw{dYoMm dmna H$aV AgVrb d `m {dÚmÏ`mªZm ZdrZ kmZ {_idÊ`mMr CËgwH$Vm {XgyZ `oVo.
gmaUr 5.2
n[aH$ënZmË`mJ gm§p»`H$s
gmaUr "Q>r' n[aH$ënZoMm ñdrH$ma/
à_mU
n[aH$ënZm H« . MmMUr _Ü`_mZ _yë` nar{jHo$Mo Ë`mJ
{dMbZ
0.05 0.01 JwUmoÎma 0.05
J«m_rU AZwXm{ZV {dÚmWuAm§VaOmb OmUrd
24.28 5.56
J«m_rU {dZm AZwXm{ZV {dÚmWuAm§VaOmb
2 25.33 4.90 1.96 2.59 2.29 Ë`mJ
OmUrd
J«m_rU _wboAm§VaOmb OmUrd 23.18 4.80
4 J«m_rU _wbrAm§VaOmb OmUrd 26.32 5.26 1.96 2.59 7.12 Ë`mJ
ehar _wboAm§VaOmb OmUrd 23.92 5.58
5 ehar _wbrAm§VaOmb OmUrd 26.08 5.12 1.96 2.59 4.54 Ë`mJ
J«m_rU{dÚmWu
123.13 27.81
Am§VaOmb dmna
10 ehar {dÚmWu 1.96 2.58 2.00 Ë`mJ
126.61 28.12
Am§VaOmb dmna

2. J«m_rU AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb d J«m_rU {dZm AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb {dÚmÏ`mªÀ`m
Am§VaOmb Om{UdoV 0.05 gmaUr ñVamda \$aH$ AmT>iyZ `oVmo. H$maU J«m_rU AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$
emioVrb {dÚmÏ`mªMr Am§VaOmb OmUrd hrJ«m_rU {dZm AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb {dÚmÏ`mªÀ`m
VwbZoV A{YH Amho. H$maU J«m_rU AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb {dÚmÏ`mªZm Am§VaOmb g§~§{YV gw{dYm
A{YH$ Agmì`mV, g§JUH$ d Am§VaOmb {df`H$ nwñVHo$ J«§Wmb`mV OmñV AgmdrV, J«§Wmb`mgmR>r H$mhr
Vm{gH$m R>odë`m OmV Agmì`mV VgoM àmË`{jH$mgmR>r ñdV§Ì g§JUH$ à`moJemim Agmì`mV. Kar

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d¡`pŠVH$ g§JUH$ Agy eH$Vmo d nmbH$m§H$Sy>Z hr d¡`pŠVH$ bj {Xbo OmV Agmdo åhUyZJ«m_rU {dZm
AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb {dÚmÏ`mªÀ`m VwbZoV J«m_rU AZwXm{ZV _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb {dÚmÏ`mª_Ü`o
Am§VaOmb OmUrd A{YH Agmdr.
4. J«m_rU _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbo d _wbr `m§À`m Am§VaOmb Om{UdoV 0.05 gmaUr ñVamda bjUr` \$aH$
AmT>iyZ `oVmo. H$maU J«m_rU _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbm§À`m VwbZoV J«m_rU _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbt øm
dJm©_Ü`o bj XoV AgVrb, Am§VaOmb g§X^m©Vrb dV©_mZ nÌmVrb boI VgoM Am§VaOmb _m{gHo$ dmMV
AgVrb, Ë`m§_Ü`o ZdrZ _m{hVr OmUyZ KoÊ`mMr AmdS> Agob VgoM dJm©_Ü`o {eH$dboë`m KQ>H$ Kar
Joë`mZ§Va COiUr H$aV AgVrb, dmMZmMr AmdS> Agob, VgoM bdH$a kmZ J«hU H$aUo, [aH$må`m
Vmgmbm ñdmÜ`m` H$aUo, e¡j{UH$ H$m_ nÕVeranUo hmoÊ`mgmR>r ñdV: à`ËZ H$aUo, OmñVrV OmñV JwU
{_i{dÊ`mgmR>r à`ËZ H$aUo, {ejH$m§Zr Am¨VaOmbMm {Xbobm J¥hnmR> doioda H$aUo, {ejH$m§Zr Am¨VaOmb
g¨~¨{YV {eH${dboë`m KQ>H$m§da AmYmarV àíZ V`ma H$ê$Z CÎmao {bhrUo, `m gd© Jmoï>r_Ü`o _wbm§nojm _wbr
OmñV nwT>o AgÊ`mMr eŠ`Vm Amho. åhUyZ J«m_rU _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbm§nojm J«m_rU _mÜ`{_H$
emioVrb _wbtMr Am§VaOmb OmUrd A{YH$ Mm§Jë`m àH$maMr AgÊ`mMr eŠ`Vm Amho.
5. ehar _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbo d _wbr `m§À`m Am§VaOmb Om{UdoV 0.05 gmaUr ñVamda bjUr` \$aH
AmT>iyZ `oVmo.H$maU _wbtMr Am§VaOmb OmUrd hr _wbm§À`m VwbZoV A{YH$ Amho. ehar _mÜ`{_H$
emioVrb _wbm§À`m VwbZoV ehar _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbt øm {_iUmè`m àmoËgmhZmZo A{YH$ àoarV qH$dm
CËgmhrV hmoV AgÊ`mMr eŠ`Vm Amho. VgoM bdH$a kmZ J«hU hmoÊ`mgmRr _mo~BbMm dmna H$aUo,
e¡j{UH$ H$m_ nÕVeranUo hmoÊ`mgmR>r ñdV: à`ËZ H$aUo, Iyn _ohZV H$aUo, embo` {df`mV JmoS>r dmQ>Uo,
{ejH$m§Zr {Xbobo H$m_ doioda H$aUo, {ejH$m§Zr {eH${dbobo ì`dñWrV g_OyZ KoUo VgoM H$R>rU dmQ>Umè`m
{df`m~Ôb {ejH$m§H$Sy>Z A{YH$ _mJ©Xe©Z KoUo , _wbr dJm©_Ü`o bjnwd©H$ EoH$V AgVrb, dV©_mZnÌo
VgoM _m{gHo$ dmMV AgVrb, Ë`m§_Ü`o AmYw{ZH$ _m{hVr OmUyZ KoÊ`mMr AmdS> Agob VgoM dJm©_Ü`o
{eH$dbocm KQ>H$ Kar Joë`mZ§Va COiUr H$aV AgVrb. `m gd© Jmoï>r_Ü`o _wbm§nojm _wbr OmñV nwT>o
AgÊ`mMr eŠ`Vm Amho. åhUyZ ehar _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbm§nojm ehar _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb _wbtMr
Am§VaOmb OmUrd A{YH$ AgÊ`mMr eŠ`Vm Amho.
10. B`ËVm ZddrÀ`m J«m_rU d ehar {dÚmÏ`mªÀ`m Am§VaOmb dmnamV 0.05 gmaUr ñVamda \$aH$ AmT>iyZ
`oVmo. H$maU ehar ^mJmVrb {dÚmÏ`mªZm emio_Ü`o d Kar Am§VaOmb dmnamgmR>r Amdí`H$ AgUmè`m gd©
gw{dYm CnbãY AgVrb. J«m_rU _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb {dÚmÏ`mªZm B§J«Or eãXm§Mm AW© bmdVm `oV Zgob,
emio_Ü`o àmË`{jHo$ H$aÊ`mMr gmo` Zgob, VgoM Vo àmË`{jH$mgmR>r H§$Qmim H$aV AgVrb, dJm©_Ü`o

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bjnyd©H$ EoH$V ZgVrb, Kar d¡`pŠVH$ g§JUH$ Zgob Am{U Jmdm_Ü`o hr Am§VaOmb gw{dYm CnbãY
Zgob åhUyZ ehar _mÜ`{_H$ emioVrb {dÚmÏ`mªMm Am§VaOmb dmna A{YH Agmdm d J«m_rU _mÜ`{_H$
emioVrb{dÚmÏ`mªMm Am§VaOmb dmna H$_r {XgyZ `oVmo.
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