B. Tech. Seventh Semester (Chemical Engineering) (C.B.S.

)
Process Control and Instrumentation

P. Pages : 2 NKT/KS/17/7771
Time : Three Hours *0174* Max. Marks : 80
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Notes : 1. All questions carry equal marks.
2. Answer any four questions.
3. Assume suitable data wherever necessary.
4. Illustrate your answers wherever necessary with the help of neat sketches.

1. a) An aqueous solution in a tank is heated by a coil. The density and the specific heat of 10
3
solution is 1000 kg/m3 and 4kJ/kgº C respectively. The feed rate is 1m / min and the
volume of the tank is 1.5m 3 . The power supplied to the heating coil is varied sinusoidally
between 500 kW and 600 kW with a 38 sec/cycle period of oscillation and is oscillating
about the average power of 550 kW. The steady state temperature is 60ºC of tank content
i) Amplitude ratio.
ii) Phase lag.
iii) Radian frequency.
iv) The outlet temperature of solution at time interval of t=30sec, t=60 sec and t=80sec.
Assume first order system.

b) A thermometer having first order dynamics with 1mm diameter bulb the length of bulb is 5
6mm specific heat of mercury is 1.38 kJ/kgºC. The heat transfer coefficient is 300W/m2 ºC.
Determine the time needed to attain 90 percent of the applied magnitude of the step change
in temperature
Take density of mercury : 13500kg/m3.

c) Obtain the transfer function of continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) Assume first order 5
system.

2. a) A proportional derivative controller is used for the control of first order system having time 10
constant of 30 sec. The value of gain of proportional derivative controller is 6 and the
derivative time is 4 sec. The control system has a measuring element for which the time
constant is 6 sec. If a step change of magnitude 0.1B is given to the load variable determine
the offset of proportional derivative controller.

b) Derive the response equation for non-interacting multi-capacity two tank liquid level 5
system having unequal time constants subjected to unit step change.

c) Obtain the transfer function for the transportation lag parameter. Discuss how the 5
transportation lag parameter can be minimised.

3. a) Derive the step response equation for second order system for underdamped condition. 10

b) A manometer 68cm long and 8mm inside diameter glass tube is half filled with water. The 10
2
manometer is subjected to a pressure differential of 4000 N / m . Determine the following.
i) Time constant.
ii) Damping coefficient.

NKT/KS/17/7771 1 P.T.O
4. a) Discuss the working mechanism and obtain the transfer functions for the following with 15
neat sketch.
i) Displacement type flapper nozzle pneumatic proportional integral controller.
ii) Hydraulic proportional derivative controller.
iii) Electronic proportional controller.

b) Discuss the hysteresis of pneumatic control valve and discuss how to minimize hysteresis 5
of control valve.

5. a) Discuss the working mechanism of the following. 10

i) Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)
ii) Distributed Control System (DCS)

b) Discuss the direct digital feedback control of the following with neat sketch. 10
i) Heat Exchanger for temperature control.
ii) Temperature control for Jacketed kettle.
iii) Level control unit.

6. a) Discuss the working mechanism of the following with neat sketch. 15

i) Platinum resistance thermometer.
ii) Optical pyrometer.
iii) Laser liquid level indicator.

b) Discuss the following terms. 5

i) Static error of instrument.
ii) Drift of instrument.

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