1 In Egyptian architecture, the tomb of the pharaohs is the.

2 The great pyramid at Gizeh was built during the 4th dynasty by.
3 The beginner of the great hypostyle hall at karnak and the founder of the 19th dynasty.
4 The mineral of greatest importance to Greek architecture of which Greece and her
domains had ample supply of was.
5 Greek architecture was essentially.
6 Forming the imposing entrance to the acropolis and erected by the architect Mnesicles
is the.
7 The building in the acropolis generally considered as being the most nearly perfect
building ever erected is the.
8 With the use of concrete made possible by pozzolan, a native natural cement, the
9 Romans achieved huge interiors with the.
10 Which of the order was added by the Romans to the orders used by the Greeks.
11 From the 5th century to the present, the character of Byzantine architecture is the
practice of using.
12 The finest and remaining example of Byzantine architecture.
13 The architectural character of the Romanesque architecture is.
14 Romanesque architecture in Italy is distinguished from that of the rest of Europe by the
use of what material for facing walls.
15 The most famous and perfect preservation of all ancient buildings in Rome.
16 The space between the colonnade and the naos wall in Greek temple.
17 Amphitheaters are used for ___.
18 An ancient Greek Portico, a long colonnaded shelter used in public places.
19 The fortified high area or citadel of an ancient Greek City.
20 An upright ornament at the eaves of a tile roof, concealing the foot of a row of convex
tiles that cover the joints of the flat tiles.
21 Strictly, a pedestal at the corners or peak of a roof to support an ornament, more usually,
the ornament itself.
22 Also called a 'Honeysuckle' ornament.
23 In ancient Greece and Rome, a storeroom of any kind, but especially for storing wine.
24 The characteristic of Greek ornament.
25 The use of ___ for facing walls distinguishes Romanesque architecture in Italy from that
of the rest of Europe.
26 The outstanding group of Romanesque is found in ___.
27 The dining hall in a monastery, a convent, or a college.
28 The architecture of the curved line is known as ___.
29 The open court in an Italian palazzo.
30 The ornamental pattern work in stone, filling the upper part of a Gothic window.
31 Japanese tea house.
32 A Muslim temple, a mosque for public worship, also known as place for prostration.
33 Domical mound containing a relic.
34 Ifugao house (southern strain).
35 In Mesopotamian architecture, religion called for temples made of sun-dried bricks.
36 The style of the order with massive and tapering columns resting on a base of 3 steps.
37 Tomb of the pharaohs.
38 Earthen burial mounds containing upright and lintel stones forming chambers for
consecutive burials for several to a hundred persons.
39 A semi-circular or semi-polygonal space, usually in church, terminating in axis and
intended to house an altar.
40 Temples in Greece that have a double line of columns surrounding the naos.
41 Senate house for chief dignitaries in Greek architecture
42 Architect of the Einstein Tower.
43 Founder of the Bauhaus School of Art.
44 What architectural term is termed to be free from any historical style?
45 From what architecture is the Angkor Vat?
46 The architect of Chrysler building in N.Y.
47 Another term for crenel or intervals between merlon of a battlement.
48 Taj Mahal temple is located in ___.
49 In the middle kingdom, in Egyptian architecture, who consolidate the administrative
system, made a survey of the country, set boundaries to the provinces, and other helpful
works.
50 Who erected the earliest known obelisk at Heliopolis.
51 Jubilee festivals of the pharaohs.
52 The world's first large-scale monument in stone.
53 The highest sloped pyramid in Gizeh
54 A vault created when two barrel vaults intersect at the right angles.
55 Sarimanok is a décor reflecting the culture of the ___.
56 Caryatid porch is from what architecture?
57 Female statues with baskets serving as columns.
58 A small tower usually corbelled at the corner of the castle.
59 A hall built in Roman Empire for the administration of justice.
60 The Parthenon is from what architecture.
61 A roof in which 4 faces rests diagonally between the gables and converge at the roof.
62 A compound bracket or capital in Japanese architecture.
63 A concave molding approximately quarter round.
64 Architect of Iglesia ni Cristo.
65 A Filipino architect whose philosophy is 'the structure must be well oriented'.
66 What is not required as a feature in modern Muslim mosque.
67 Architect of Robinson's Galleria
68 Major contribution of the Renaissance Architecture.
69 "A house is like a flower pot"
70 Richly carved coffins of Greece and Mesopotamia.
71 King Zoser's architect who was deified in the 26th dynasty.
72 The council house in Greece.
73 Elizabethan Architecture is from what architecture.
74 Art Noveau style first appeared in what structure.
75 A faced without columns or pilaster in renaissance architecture.
76 Art Noveau is known as the international style, in Germany it is known as ___.
77 Less is more.
78 First school which offered architecture in the Philippines.
 79 Embrasures.
80 Formal architecture, one of the principles of composition.
81 Different historical styles combined.
82 Architect of TWA airport.
83 The falling water by Frank Lloyd Wright is also known as ___.
84 First president and founder of PAS.
85 "Modern architecture need not be western".
86 Architect of the national library, Philippines.
87 The xerxes hall of hundred columns was introduced during the Mesopotamian
architecture, which palace was it used.
88 Taj Mahal is a building example of what architecture.
89 The convex projecting molding of eccentric curve supporting the abacus of a Doric capital.
90 Pantiles used for Chinese roofings.
91 Greek equivalent of the Roman forum, a place of open air assembly or market.
92 A slight vertical curvature in the shaft of a column.
93 The very ornate style of architecture developed in the later renaissance period.
94 A multi-storied shrine like towers, originally a Buddhist monument of diminishing size with
corbelled cornice and moldings.
"cubicula" or bedroom is from what architecture.
95 From the Greek forms of temple, the three where it lies is known as ___.
96 From the Greek temples, a temple that have porticoes of columns at the front and rear.
97 Memorial monuments of persons buried elsewhere in Roman architecture.

98 The three pyramids in Gizeh

99 The cistern storage of collected rainwater underneath the azotea of the bahay na bato.
100 A shallow cistern or drain area in the center of a house.
101 In Greek temples, the equivalent of the crypt is the ___.
102 The tomb beneath a church.
103 A raised stage reserved for the clergy in early Christian churches.
104 A decorative bracket usually taking the form of a cyma reversa strap.
105 Semi-palatial house surrounded by an open site.
106 A roman house with a central patio.
107 Revival of classical Roman style
108 The style emerging in western Europe in the early 11th century, based on Roman and
Byzantine elements, characterized by massive articulated wall structures, round arches,
and powerful vaults, and lasting until the advent of Gothic architecture.
109 Architect and furniture designer.
110 First registered architect in the Philippines.
111 The public square of imperial Rome.
112 Architect of Manila Hilton Hotel.
113 Finest example of French-Gothic architecture
114 How many stained glass are there in the Chartres Cathedral?
115 Agora is from what architecture?
116 Sacred artificial mountains of Babylon and Assyria.
117 A plant whose leaves form the lower portions of the Corinthian capital.
118 Structure of wedge-shaped blocks over an opening.
119 The space between the sloping roof over the aisle and the aisle vaulting, so also called
a blind story.
120 A windowed wall that rises above the roof of adjacent walls that admit light into the
interior.
121 A standard, usually of length, by which the proportions of a building are determined.
122 The triangular or segmental space enclosed by a pediment or arch.
123 A line of counterthrusting arches on columns or piers.
124 In the classical order, the lowest part or member of the entablature; the beam that spans
from column to column.
125 In classical architecture, the elaborated beam member carried by the columns.

126 Parts of an entablature, in order of top to bottom.

127 Plan shape of a Chinese pagoda.

128 Usual number of stories for a Chinese pagoda.
129 A special feature of Japanese houses, used to display a flower arrangement or art.
130 Plan shape of a Japanese pagoda.
131 The most famous structure of Byzantine architecture and notable of its large dome.
132 Triangular piece of wall above the entablature.
133 A spherical triangle forming the transition from the circular plan of a dome to the poly-
gonal plan of its supporting structure.
134 A long arcaded entrance porch in an early Christian church.
135 The principal or central part of a church, extending from the narthex to the choir or
chancel and usually flanked by aisles.
136 The covered walk of an atrium.
137 A basin for ritual cleansing with water in the atrium of an early Christian basilica.
138 A large apsidal extension of the interior volume of a church.
139 An ornamental canopy of stone or marble permanently place over the altar in a church.
140 A decorative niche often topped with a canopy and housing a statue.
141 A recess in a wall to contain a statue or other small items.
142 A tower in the Muslim Mosque used to call people to prayer.
143 Coffers, sunken panels in the ceiling.
144 The Buddhist temple in ancient Cambodia which feature four faces of the compassionate
Buddha.
145 A term given to the mixture of Christian, Spanish, and Muslim 12th-16th century
architecture.
146 Projecting blocks of stone carved with foliage, typical in Gothic architecture.
147 A slab forming the crowning member of the capital.
148 The crowning member of a column.
149 A rectangular or square slab supporting the column at the base.
150 A low screen wall enclosing the choir in early Christian church.
151 The cold section of a Roman Bath.
152 This church in the Philippines is the seat of the Malolos Congress.
153 The palace proper in Assyrian palaces.
154 Holy mountains.
155 Architect of the famous propylaea, Acropolis.
156 Private family apartments in Assyrian palaces.
157 The most stupendous and impressive of the rock-cut-temples.
158 The four-seated colossal statues of Rameses II is carved in the pylon of the ___.
159 Favorite motifs of design of the Egyptians.
160 Two main classes of temples in Egyptian Architecture.
161 Egyptian temples for ministrations to deified pharaohs.
162 Structure whose corners are made to face the four cardinal points.
163 Structure whose sides are made to face the four cardinal points.
164 Egyptian temples for the popular worship of the ancient and the mysterious gods.
165 The use of monsters in doorways is prevalent in what architecture?
166 The Greek male statues used as columns.
167 A recessed or alcove with raised seats where disputes took place.
168 A single line of columns surrounding the Naos.
169 The uppermost step in the crepidoma.
170 The lowest step in the crepidoma.
171 A building in Greek and Roman for exercises or physical activities.
172 The three chamber of a Greek temple.
173 A Greek building that contains painted pictures.
174 Temple with a portico of columns arranged in front.
175 The clear space in between columns.
176 Intercolumniation of 2.25 diameters.
177 Intercolumniation of 4 diameters.
178 Intercolumniation of 2 diameters.
179 Pycnostyle intercolumniation has how many diameters?
180 Diastyle intercolumniation has how many diameters.
181 A kindred type to the theater.
182 Roman building which is a prototype of the hippodrome of the Greek.
183 Roman building for which gladiatorial battles took place.
184 What sporting event takes place in the Palaestra?
185 A foot race course in the cities.
186 A temple with 1-4 columns arranged between antae at the front.
187 A temple with 1-4 columns arranged between antae at the front and rear.
188 In Greek, it is the Roman prototype of the Thermae.
189 Greek order that has no base.
190 The most beautiful and best preserved of the Greek theaters.
191 What orders did the Etruscans and the Romans add making 5 in all?
192 What allowed the Romans to build vaults of a magnitude never equaled till the birth of
steel for buildings.
The finest of all illustrations of Roman construction.
193 The oldest and most important forum in Rome.
194 Who commenced the 'hall of hundred columns'?
195 Who completed the 'hall of hundred columns'?
196 Architects of the Parthenon.
197 Master sculptor of the Parthenon.
198 In Roman fountains, the large basin of water.
199 Spouting jets in Roman fountain.
200 The oldest circus in Rome.
201 The colosseum in Rome also known as the "flavian amphitheater" was commenced by
whom and completed by whom?
202 Architect of the Erechtheion.
203 A water clock or an instrument for measuring time by the use of water.
204 The finest of Greek Tombs, also known as the 'tomb of Agamemnon'.
205 Architect of the Temple of Zeus, Agrigentum
206 Architect of the Temples of Zeus, Olympia.
207 Roman architect of the Greek Temples of Zeus, Olympius.
208 Both the regula and the mutule has guttae numbering a total of ___.
209 A quadrigas is a ___.
210 The water-leaf and tongue is a usual ornament found in the ___.
211 The Corona is usually painted with the ___.
212 Greek sculptures may be classified as "architectural sculpture, free standing statuary,
and the ___".
213 One of the best examples of a surviving megaron type of Greek domestic building.
214 The molding that is often found in the Doric Order.
215 The wall or colonnade enclosing the Temenos
216 The private house of the Romans.
217 Roman rectangular temples stood on a ___.
218 Roman large square tiles.
219 A type of Roman wall facing with alternating courses of brickworks.
220 A type of Roman wall facing which is made of small stone laid in a loose pattern roughly
resembling polygonal work.
221 A type of Roman wall facing with a net-like effect.
222 A type of roman wall facing with rectangular block with or without mortar joints.
223 A Roman structure used as hall of justice and commercial exchanges.
224 A type of monument erected to support a tripod, as a prize for athletic exercises or
musical competitions in Greek festivals.
225 A type of ornament in classic or renaissance architecture consisting of an assemblage
of straight lines intersecting at right angles, and of various patterns.
226 Figures of which the upper parts alone are carved, the rest running into a parallelopiped
or diminishing pedestal.
227 Marble mosaic pattern used on ceilings of vaults and domes.
228 Conceptualized the Corinthian capital.
229 The sleeping room of the 'megaron'.
230 The origin of the door architrave.
231 The atrium type of house originated with the ___.
232 Roman apartment blocks.
233 A building in classic architecture decorated with flowers and plants with water for the
purpose of relaxation.
234 !5th to 18th century architecture.
235 "Form follows function".
236 The dominating personality who became an ardent disciple of the Italian renaissance
style.
237 A pillared hall in which the roofs rests on the column in Egyptian temples.
238 Who began the building of the Great Hypostyle Hall at Karnak?
239 Architect of the Great Serapeum at Alexandria.
240 He created the Dymaxion House, "the first machine for living".
241 Tombs built for the Egyptian nobility rather than the royalty.
242 Architect of the Lung Center of the Philippines.
243 The warm room in the Thermae.
244 The Hot room of the Thermae.
245 The cold or unheated pool in the Thermae.
246 The dry or sweating room in the Thermae.
247 The dressing room of the Thermae.
248 The room for oils and unguents in the thermae.
249 Orientation of the Roman temple is towards the ___.
250 Orientation of the Greek temple is towards the ___.
251 Orientation of the Etruscan temple is towards the ___.
252 Orientation of the Medieval Church.
253 The space for the clergy and choir is separated by a low screen wall from the body of the
church called ___.
254 On either side of the choir, pulpits for the reading of the epistle and the gospel are
called.
255 In some churches, there is a part which is raised as part of the sanctuary which later
developed into the transept, this is the ___.
256 In early Christian churches, the bishop took the central place at the end of the church
called ___.
257 The iconoclastic movement during the Byzantine period forbade the use of ___.
258 Type of plan of the Byzantine churches.
259 Architects of the Hagia Sophia. (St. Sophia, Constantinople)
260 The supreme monument of Byzantine architecture.
261 Smallest cathedral in the world. (Byzantine period)

262 One of the few churches of its type to have survived having a square nave and without
cross-arms, roofed by a dome which spans to the outer walls of the building.
263 A tower raised above a roof pierced to admit light.
the covered passage around an open space or garth, connecting the church to the chapter
house, refectory and other parts of the monastery.
264 The prominent feature of the facades in Romanesque Central Italy.
265 The best example of a German Romanesque church with apses at both east and west
ends.
266 The term applied to the Episcopal church of the diocese and also the important structure
of the Gothic period.
267 The first plan shape of the St. Peter's Basilica by Bramante.
268 The final plan shape of the St. Peter's Basilica by Carlo Maderna.
269 He erected the entrance Piazza at St. Peter's Basilica.
270 Used as food storage in the Bahay na Bato.
271 The granary in traditional Bontoc House.
272 Architect of the World Trade Center.
273 The Erechtheion of Mnesicles is from what architecture?
274 The part of the Corinthian capital without flower.
275 The Pantheon is from what architecture.
276 The architect of the Pantheon.
277 The senate house of the Greeks.
278 Architect of the Bi-Nuclear House, the H-Plan.
279 Mexican Architect/Engineer who introduced thin shell construction.
280 In the Doric Order, the shaft terminates in the ___.
281 In what Order is the Parthenon.
282 In what Order is the temple of Nike Apteros, Athens.
283 This temple is dedicated to 'Wingless Victory'.
284 This structure in Greece was erected by Andronikos Cyrrhestes for measuring time by
means of a clepsydra internally and sun dial externally.
285 In the Cyma Reversa molding of the Romans, what ornaments are usually found?
286 From what architecture is the Stoa?
287 The Egyptian Ornament symbolizing fertility.
288 Egyptian Temple for popular worship of the ancient and mysterious gods.
289 A small private bath found in Roman houses or palaces.
290 Corresponds to the Greek naos.
291 The large element in the frieze.
292 "A is a machine to live in".
293 Architect of the Chicago Tribune Tower.
294 "Architecture is Organic".
295 Invented reinforced concrete in France.
296 First elected U.A.P. president.
297 Designer of the Bonifacio Monument.
298 Sculptor for the Bonifacio Monument.
299 Designer of the Taj Mahal.
300 Male counterpart of the Caryatids.
301 Like Caryatids and Atlantes, this is a three-quarter length figures.
302 This is a pedestal with human, animal, or mythological creatures at the top.
303 A small payer house in Egyptian architecture.
304 Where "Constructivism" originated?
305 Expressionist Architect.
306 Founders of the "Art Noveau".
307 Combination of the new art and the graphing of the old art.
308 Return in the use of Roman Orders in modern age.
309 Scheme or solution of a problem in architecture.
310 Architect of the Batasang Pambansa.
311 Architect of the Philippine Heart Center.
312 Architect of the Rizal Memorial Stadium.
313 The architect of the Quiapo Church before its restoration.
314 Built by the Franciscan priest Fr. Blas dela Madre, this church in Rizal whose design
depicts the heavy influence of Spanish Baroque, was declared a national treasure.
315 This church, 1st built by the Augustinian Fr. Miguel Murguia, has an unusually large bell
which was made from approximately 70 sacks of coins donated by the towns people.
316 Architect of SM Megamall.
317 Central Bank of the Philippines, Manila.
318 G.S.I.S. Building, Roxas Boulevard.
319 The tower atop the torogan where the princess and her ladies in waiting hide during
occasions.
320 Found in the ground floor of the bahay na bato, it is where the carriages and floats are
kept.
321 The emergency hideout found directly behind the neadboard of the Sultan's bed.
322 The flat, open terrace open to the toilet, bath, and kitchen areas and also used as a
laundry and drying space and service area for the servants.
323 In the kitchen of the bahay kubo, the table on top of which is the river stone, shoe-shaped
stove or kalan is known as ___.
 Pyramid
Cheops
Rameses 1

Marble

Columnar trabeated

Propylaea

Parthenon

Arch and vault

Composite

Domical roof construction

St. Sophia, Constantinople

Sober and dignified

Marble

Pantheon
Pteroma
Gladiatorial Contests
Stoa
Acropolis

Antefix (Antefixae)

Acroterion / Acroterium

Anthemion
Apotheca
Anthemion

Marble

Pisa
Refectory
Baroque
Cortel
Tracery
Cha-sit-su
Masjid
Stupa
Bale
Ziggurat
Doric
Pyramid
 Tumuli

Apse

Dipteral
Prytaneion
Erich Mendelsohn
Walter Gropius
Art Noveau
Cambodian
Van Alen
Embrasures
Agra

Amenemhat I

Senusret I
Heb-sed
Pyramid of Zoser
Pyramid of Khufu
Groin Vault
Visayan
Greek
Canephora
Bartizan
Basilica
Greek
Helm Roof
Masu-gumi
Cavetto
Carlos Santos Viola
Caesar Homer Concio
Pinnacle
William Cosculluela
Baroque for of Ornamentation
Richard Josef Neutra
Sarcophagus
Imhotep
Bouleuterion
U.S. / English Renaissance
Tussel House
Astylar
Jugendstijl
Ludwig Mies Van Der Rohe
Liceo de Manila
 Crenel
Balance
Eclecticism
Eero Saarinen
Kaufman House
Juan Nakpil
Kenzo Tange
Felipe Mendoza

Palace of Persepolis

Saracenic Architecture
Echinus
S-tiles
Agora
Entasis
Baroque

Pagoda

Roman
Crepidoma
Amphi-Prostyle
Cenotaphs
Cheops
Chefren
Mykerinos
Aljibe
Impluvium
Naos
Crypt
Bema
Console
Villa
Atrium House
Romanesque

Romanesque

Alvar Aalto
Tomas Mapua
Forum
Welton Becket
Chartres Cathedral
176
Greek
Ziggurat
 Acanthus
Arch

Triforium

Clerestory

Module
Tympanum
Arcade

Architrave

Entablature
Cornice
Frieze
Architrave
Octagonal
13
Tokonama
Square
Hagia Sophia
Pediment

Pendentive

Narthex

Nave

Ambulatory
Cantharus
Exedra
Baldachino
Tabernacle
Niche
Minaret
Lacunaria

Bayon

Mudejar

Crocket
Abacus
Capital
Plinth
Chancel
Frigidarium
Barasoain Church
 Seraglio
Ziggurat
Mnesicles
Harem
Great Temple, Abu Simbel
Great Temple, Abu Simbel
Palm, Lotus, and Papyrus
Mortuary and Cult Temples
Mortuary Temple
Ziggurat
Pyramid
Cult Temple
Persian
Atlantes
Exedra
Peripteral
Stylobate
Stereobate
Gymnasium
Pronaos, Naos, and Epinaos
Pinacotheca
Prostyle
Intercolumniation
Eustyle
Areostyle
Systyle
1.5 Diameters
3 Diameters
Odeion
Circus
Colosseum
Wrestling
stadium
In Antis
Amphi-Antis
Gymnasium
Doric
Epidauros
Tuscan and Composite

Use of Concrete

Pantheon
Forum Romanum
Xerxes
Artaxerxes
Callicrates and Ictinus
Phidias
Lacus
Salientes
Circus Maximus

Vespasian / Domitian

Mnesicles
Clepsydra
Treasury of Atreus
Theron
Libon
Cossutius
18
4-horse Chariot
Cyma Reversa
Key Pattern

Sculptured Reliefs

House #33
Bird's Beak
Peribolus
Domus
Podium
Bepidales
Opus Mixtum

Opus Incertum

Opus Recticulatum
Opus Quadratum
Basilica

Choragic Monument

Fret

Termini

Opus Tesselatum
Callimachus
Thalamus
Timber-enframed Portal
Etruscans
Insula

Nymphaeum
 Renaissance
Louis Sullivan

Iñigo Jones

Hypostyle Hall
Thothmes I
Ptolemy III
Buckminster Fuller
Rock-Hewn Tombs
George Ramos
Tepidarium
Calidarium
Frigidarium
Sudatorium
Apodyteria
Unctuaria
Forum
East
South
West

Cancelli

Ambo

Bema

Apse

Statues
Centralized
Anthemius and Isidorus
St. Sophia, Constantinople
Little Metropole Cath., Athens

Nea Moni

Lantern

Cloisters

Ornamental Arcades

Worms Cathedral

Cathedral

Greek Cross
 Latin Cross
Bernini
Dispensa
Falig
Minoru Yamasaki
Greek
Balteus
Roman
Agrippa
Prytaneion
Marcel Lajos Breuer
Felix Outerino Candela
Hypotrachelion
Doric
Ionic
Temple of Nike Apteros, Athens

Tower of the Winds, Athens

Acanthus and Dolphin

Greek
Papyrus
Cult Temple
Balneum
Cella
Triglyph
Le Corbusier
Eliel Saarinen
Frank Lloyd Wright
Hennevique
Jose Herrera
Juan Nakpil
Guillermo Tolentino
Shah Jahan
Telamones or Atlantes
Herms
Terms
Madrassah
Moscow
Erich Mendelsohn
John Ruskin and William Moris
Eclecticism
Neo-Classism
Parti
Felipe Mendoza
George Ramos
 Juan Nakpil
Juan Nakpil

Morong Church

Panay Capiz

Antonio Sin Diong

Gabriel Formoso
George Ramos

Lamin

Zaguan

Bilik

Azotea

Dapogan
 PREHISTORIC
M
ARCHITECTURE

HISTORY

FROM THE GREEK WORD

'MESOS' AND 'POTAMAS'
MEANING MIDDLE RIVER

CITIES
JERICHO MESOPOTAMIA
KHIROKITIA
CATAL HUYUK
INFLUENCES

NOMADIC LIFESTYLE

TEMPORARY

LITTLE INVESTMENT
GEOGRAPHICAL
INFLUENCES
FERTILE CRESCENT
TIGRIS RIVER
EUPHRATES RIVER
GEOLOGICAL
INFLUENCES
STONES
MUD/ BRICK
TWIGS/ WOOD
ARCHITECTURAL
CHARACTER
ARCHITECTURAL
CONTRIBUTIONS

ARCHITECTS
PRINCIPAL
STRUCTURES (CHIEF MEGALITH
BLDG)

COMPLEX

DOLMEN (COVE,
RELIGIOUS
TRILITHON)
MENHIR
CROMLECH

TOMB TUMULUS/ BARROW

DWELLINGS
ROCK CAVES

TIPI (AMERICAN INDIAN)

CLOCHAN/ BEEHIVE HUT

(IRELAND)

TRULLO

WIGWAM (AMERICAL
INDIAN)

HOGAN (INDIAN)
IGLOO (ESKIMO)

TEMPLE

GATEWAY
CIVIC BUILDINGS
MARKET PLACE
SPORTS ARENA
THEATRE
PROMENADE
SENATE HOUSE

COUNCIL CHAMBER

STADIUM

WRESTLING HOUSE
BATH
 MESOPOTAMIAN ARCHITECTURE

SUMERIAN BABYLONIAN ASSYRIAN

5000-2000 BC 2000-1600 BC 900-700 BC

SUN DRIED BRICKS MUD BRICK MUD BRICK

STONE
ZIGGURAT PALACES AMD TEMPLES TEMPLES

ZIGGURAT
 EGYPTIAN MINOAN
ARCHITECTURE ARCHITECTURE

PERSIAN

500-331 BC 3000 BC-200 AD 1800-1300 BC

NAMED AFTER KING

MINOS OF KNOSSOS

NILE RIVER

MUD BRICKS STONE

TIMBER
SYNTHESIS OF
ARCHITECTURAL MULTI-COLUMNAR
AXIAL PLANNING
ELEMENTS (ASSYRIA, PORCHES
EGYPT AND GREECE)

TRABEATED
STONE WALL, PIER AND
CONSTRUCTION WITH
LINTEL
PRECISE STONEWORKS

BATTERED WALLS WITH UPPER WALL TIMBER

PICTOGRAPHIC CARVINGS FRAMEWORK

CAPITALS (COMPOSITE,
HATHOR, OSIRIS)

IMHOTEP
 PYRAMIB

PERSEPOLIS PYRAMID COMPLEX

OBELISK

MASTABA

ROCK CUT TOMB

STEP PYRAMID
BENT PYRAMID
SLOPED PYRAMID

TEMPLES (CULT AND

MORTUARY)

SPHINX (ANDROSPHINX,
HEIRACOSPHINX,
CRIOSPHINX)

PYLON
 GREEK ARCHITECTURE

AEGEAN HELLENIC

800-300 BC

AEGEAN SEA

LIMESTONE TIMBER
MARBLE STONE
TERRA COTTA
 COLUMN AND
PERFECT PROPORTIONS ROUGH AND MASSIVE
TRABEATED

SQUARE ABACUS AND

DELICACY OF OUTLINE CIRCULAR BULBOUS CARPENTRY IN MARBLE
ECHINUS

REFINED TREATMENT CYCLOPEAN WALL ENTASIS

ORNAMENTATION OR
CORBELLED ARCH SCULPTURE, COLOR AND
MURAL PAINTING
 ROMAN EARLY CHRISTIAN
ARCHITECTURE ARCHITECTURE

HELLENISTIC

300 BC- 365 AD 200-1025 AD

FOREIGN ELEMENTS ETRUSCANS CHRISTIANITY

GREEKS

MARBLE
GRANITE
ALABASTER
SYMMETRICAL AND
OSTENTASION FAÇADES FACE WEST
ORDERLY

ROMAN BASILICAN
MOLDING DECORATIONS POZZOLANA/ CONCRETE
FLOOR PLAN

PLUMBING, HEATING AND

TEMPLES FACING EAST
WATER SUPPLY

GREEK ORDERS (DORIC, ROMAN ORDERS

IONIC, CORINTHIAN) (TUSCAN, COMPOSITE)

FIGURED COLUMNS
(ATLAS, )

CONCRETE

ARCH

VAULTS

VITRUVIUS
GREEK TEMPLE CIVIC BUILDINGS CHURCHES

ACROPOLIS ROMAN FORUM

BASILICA

BAPTISTERY

MEGARON DOMUS

PROSTAS INSULA

PASTAS VILLA

PERISTYLE ATRIUM HOUSE

PROPYLAEA

AGORA BASILICA
THEATRON THEATRUM
ODEION (ROOFED)
GYMNASION GYMNASIUM
STOA
PRYTANEION CURIA

BEULEUTERION

STADION CIRCUS

HIPPODROME (ROOFED)

PALAESTRA
THERMAE
AQUEDUCT
 BYZANTINE ROMANESQUE
ARCHITECTURE ARCHITECTURE

ALSO NORMAN STILE OGIVALE

300-1450 AD 800-1180 AD 1050-1530 AD

ENGLAND
SPAIN
EUROPE

ROMAN ARCHITECTURE
 HEAVY ARTICULATED PROGRESSIVE
CIRCULAR OR MASONRY LIGHTENING AND
POLYGONAL TYPE PLAN CONSTRUCTION WITH HEIGHTENING OF
NARROW OPENINGS STRUCTURE

MASONRY
ROUND ARCHES FLYING BUTTRESS
CONSTRUCTION

ROUND ARCHES BARREL VAULTS POINTED ARCH

INTRODUCTION OF
PENDENTIVES CENTRAL AND WESTERN RIBBED VAULTING
TOWERS

FRESCOES AND
RICHLY DECORATED
COLORED GLASS CROSS SHAPED PLANS
FENESTRATION
MOSAICS

PENDENTIVES RIBBED VAULTING

CHURCHES CHURCHES CHURCHES

CATHEDRAL
 GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE

ENGLISH GOTHIC

EARLY ENGLISH DECORATED STYLE PERPENDICULAR

ALSO GEOMETRICAL AND

ALSO LANCET, FIRST ALSO RECTILINEAR, LATE
CURVILINEAR, MIDDLE
POINTED OR EARLY POINTED OR
POINTED, LATE
PLANTAGENET LANCASTRIAN
PLANTAGENET
 PERPENDICULAR
LANCET SHAPED ARCHES RICH TRACERY
TRACERY

ELABORATE FINE INTRICATE

PLATE TRACERY
ORNAMENTAL VAULTING STONEWORK

REFINED STONE CUTTING

ELABORATE FAN VAULTS
TECHNIQUE
TECTURE

FRENCH GOTHIC

PRIMAIRE SECONDAIRE TERTIAIRE

LANCETTE RAYONNANT FLAMBOYANT

FLOWING AND FLAMELIKE

POINTED ARCHES CIRCULAR WINDOWS
TRACERY

GEOMETRIC TRACIED
WHEEL TRACERY
WINDOWS
 RENAISSANCE ARCHITECTURE

EARLY HIGH

1420-1550 AD

REBIRTH OF CLASSICAL
ARCHITECTURE

GREEK AND ROMAN

ARCHITECTURE
USE OF CLASSICAL The pinnacle of classical
ORDERS, ROUND ARCHES Adoption of Classical simplicity and harmony in
AND SYMMETRICAL detail and ornamentation Renaissance art and
PROPORTIONS architecture

BASED on regular order,

symmetry, and a central
axis with grandiose plans
and impressive facades

PAGAN OR CLASSICAL
MYTHOLOGICAL
ORNAMENTATIONS

SGRAFFITO
 MANNERISM BAROQUE

LATE

A reaction against the

classical perfection of the
High Renaissance; it
either responded with a
meaning bizarre,
rigorous application of
fantastic, or irregular
classical rules, or
flaunted classical
convention, in terms of
scale and shape

It was deliberate in its

attempt to impress, and
was most lavish of all
styles, both in its use of
materials and in the
effects it achieves
Featured a general
relaxation of the severe
Robust proportions
simplicity and order of
the High Renaissance

RICH COLORS
ROCOCO REVIVALIST ARCHITECTURE

NEOCLASSICISM GOTHIC REVIVAL

GREEK AND ROMAN

GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE
ARCHITECTURE
It was associated with
lightness, swirling forms,
Simple, strongly
flowing lines, ornate
geometric composition.
stucco work, and
arabesque ornament

Shallow reliefs on
Lighter proportions
facades

Style for US government

LIGHT COLORS
buildings
HITECTURE

BEAUX ARTS
INDUSTRIAL AGE ART DECO
ECCLECTICISM
STYLE MODERNE

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

MATERIAL INNOVATION
 geometric motifs,
Symmetrical plans and
streamlined and
eclectic use of
curvilinear forms, sharply
architectural features
defined outlines

Often gives a massive, Uses bold colors and

elaborate, and synthetic materials
ostentatious effect (plastics)

SKYSCRAPERS

sophisticated heating,
plumbing, and electric
lighting systems

LOUIS SULLIVAN

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT

 MODERN ARCHITECTURE

ART NOUVEAU

NEW ART JUGENSTIJL MODERNISMO

GERMANY SPAIN

based on the return to

craftsmanship and the
integration of art, design,
and architecture.
fluid, undulating motifs,
often derived from
natural forms

ANTONI GAUDI
ART NOUVEAU

STILE LIBERTY SEZESSION LE STYLE

ITALY AUSTRIA FRANCE

 MODERN-ISMS

EXPRESSIONISM DE STIJL CONSTRUCTIVISM

THE STYLE

A European movement Expression of

that generated jagged construction was to be
and dynamic forms in the basis for all building
both painting and design; emphasizes on
architecture functional machine parts

inspired by a Mondrian
painting
use of black and white
with the primary colors
rectangular forms, and
asymmetry
MODERN-ISMS

ORGANIC
BAUHAUS INTERNATIONAL STYLE
ARCHITECTURE

Bau (building), haus

(house)

Functional architecture
devoid of regional
characteristics
 Simple geometric forms,
A building should be
large untextured surfaces
functional, harmonizes Synthesis of technology,
(often white), large areas
with its natural craft, and design
of glass, and general use
environment, and forms aesthetics
of steel or reinforced
an integrated whole
concrete construction

Shapes are often of

irregular contours and Emphasis on functional
resemble forms found in design
nature

WALTER GROPIUS LE CORBUSIER

LUDWIG MIES VAN DER
ROHE
 POST MODERN ARCHITECTURE

BRUTALISM HIGH TECH

A renewed appreciation
for the rich traditions of
architecture past Using the technology of
Architects began building in a highly
enlivening facades with expressive way.
color, pattern, and
ornaments

Inspired by the béton

brut (raw concrete) used
by Le Corbusier in his
later buildings
 Used to describe massive
modern architecture built
of reinforced concrete,
with the concrete’s
rough, abrasive surfaces
left exposed

ALVAR AALTO Richard Rogers

EERO SAARINEN Norman Foster

LOUIS KAHN Renzo Piano

ROBERT VENTURI
PHILIP JOHNSON
JAMES STIRLING
MICHAEL GRAVES
CHITECTURE

DECONSTRUCTIVISM GREEN ARCHITECTURE

Drew upon the literary

Sustainability, to ensure
theories of Jacques
that our actions and
Derrida, who holds that
decisions today do not
“there is no fixed truth
inhibit the opportunities
but only multiple
of future generations
interpretations
 Sustainable design,
considering land use,
Using bent, angled and
transportation issues,
exploded forms to
energy efficiency, indoor
represent the uncertainty
ecology and waste
of our times
reduction when designing
buildings.
 INDIAN ARCHITECTURE

MAURYAN DYNASTY

320 BC
HISTORY

Architecture shows the

cultural influence of
Persia and the first use of
dressed stone

CITIES
INDIA

INFLUENCES
RELIGION PERSIA

HINDU
BUDDHIST
GEOGRAPHICAL
INFLUENCES
GEOLOGICAL
INFLUENCES

ARCHITECTURAL
CHARACTER

Characterized by Hindu stone worked to desired

and Buddhist shape and smoothed on
monuments the face

Structures sometimes
share the same site
rhythmic stratified
motifs
profuse carved
ornamentation

combining the religious

and the sensuous

UNIT OF
MEASUREMENT

CONTRIBUTIONS

ARCHITECTS
PRINCIPAL
STRUCTURES (CHIEF
BLDG)
COMPLEX
RELIGIOUS

TOMB

DWELLINGS

TEMPLE

GATEWAY

PAVILION

CIVIC BUILDINGS
MARKET PLACE
SPORTS ARENA

THEATRE
PROMENADE
SENATE HOUSE

COUNCIL CHAMBER

STADIUM

WRESTLING HOUSE
BATH
TECTURE CHINESE ARCHITECTURE

GUPTA DYNASTY YANG SHAO DYNASTY

Court was the center of

classical Indian art and
literature

Pallava, Hindu state

established in southern
India, which contributed
to the expansion of
Indian culture into
Southeast Asia

YELLOW RIVER
 Characterized by pit
dwellings and fine
System of wood frame pottery painted in
construction geometric designs
 PALACES AND TEMPLES

KIVA
STAMBHA

STUPA

PIT DWELLINGS

MANDIRU (RATH AND

VIMANA)
 JAPANESE
NESE ARCHITECTURE
ARCHITECTURE
SHANG DYNASTY/ YIN
QIN DYNASTY
DYNASTY
1600-1030 BC 221-206 BC

Emergence of a
centralized government;
first imperial dynasty

YIN YANG CHINA

FENG SHUI (Green, wood.

▪Yellow, earth; spaces
reserved for emperors.
▪Blue and black, water.
▪White and gray, metal.
▪Red, fire; hope and
satisfaction)
 synthesis of seminal
ideas from China and
native conditions
producing a distinct style

Light, delicate, and

refined

JIAN (MARKED BY THE

ADJACENT FRAME)

Introduction of writing

development of an urban
civilization
mastery of bronze
casting
FORBIDDEN CITY

PAGODA (TA)

PAILOU

GOLOU AND ZHONGLOU

 NARA PERIOD HEIAN PERIOD

710-794 CE 785-1185 CE

Modification and
Adoption of Chinese naturalization of ideas
culture and form of and institutions
government introduced from China

CHINA SHINTOISM
ANSWER C/W
 QUESTION

Architect of Robinsons Galleria

What architectural term is termed to be free from any historical style

A compound bracket or capital in Japanese architecture
A recess in a wall to contain a statue or other small items

The world's first large-scale monument in stone

Finest example of French-Gothic architecture

Architect of TWA airport

King Zoser's architect who was deified in the 26th dynasty

"Modern architecture need not be western."
Not among the three pyramids in Gizeh

The most famous structure of Byzantine architecture and notable of its large dome

Founder of Bauhaus School of Art

Female statues with baskets serving as columns

Art Nouveau is known as the international style, in Germany it is known as

A concave molding approximately quarter round

A decorative niche often topped with a canopy and housing a statue

Another term for crenel or intervals between merlon of a battlement

A Filipino architect whose philisophy is 'the structure must be well oriented'

The highest pyramid in Gizeh

An ornament canopy of stone or marble permanently placed over the altar in a chruch

A decorative bracket usually taking the form of a cyma reversa strap

A small tower usually corbelled at the sorner of the castle

Architect of Iglesia ni Cristo

Who erected the earliest known obelisk at Heliopolis

A large apsidal extension of the interior volume of a church
A special feature of Japanese houses, used to display a flower arrangement or art

Plan shape of a Chinese pagoda

"A house is like a flower pot"

In the middle kingdom, in Egyptian architecture, who consolidate the administrative system,
made a survey of the country, set bounderies to the provinces, and other helpful works

The architect of Chrysler building in NY

Also called a 'Honeysuckle' ornament

A space between the colonnade and the naos wall in Greek temple

In ancient Greece and Rome, a storeroom of any kind, but especially for storing wine

Most famous and perfect preservation of all ancient buildings in Rome

The characteristic of Greek ornament

Plan shape of a Japanese pagoda

Forming the imposing entrance to the acropolis and erected by the architect Mnesicles is the

From the 5th century to the present, the character of Byzantine architecture is the practice
of using
"cubicula" or bedroom is from what architecture
The mineral of greatest importance to Greek architecture of which Greece and her domains
had ample supply of was

The ornamental pattern work in stone, filling the upper part of a gothic window

How many stained glass are there in the Chartres Cathedral

Strictly, a pedestal at the corners or peak of a roof to support an ornament, more usually, the
ornament itself
The fortified high area or citadel of an ancient Greek city
The dining hall in a monastery, a convent, or a college
With the use of concrete made possible by pozzolan, a native natural cement, the Romans
achieved huge interiors with the

Which of the order was added by the Romans to the orders used by the Greeks

Romanesque architecture in Italy is distinguished from that of the rest of Europe by the use
of what material for facing walls
The building in the acropolis generally considered as being the most nearly perfect building
ever erected is the
Triangular piece of wall above the entablature
Usual number of stories for a Chinese pagoda

An ancient Greek portico, a long colonnaded shelter used in public places

The open court in an Italian palazzo

Amphitheatres are used for

Greek architecture was essentially

The architecture of the curved line is know as

The beginner of the great hypostyle hall at Karnak and the founder of the 19th dynasty

An upright ornament ot the eaves of a tile roof, concealing the fot of a row of convex tiles
that cover the joints of the flat tiles

First elected UAP president

Founders of the "Art Nouveau"

Sculptor for the Bonifacio Monument

The final plan shape of the St. Peter's Basilica by Carlo Maderna

Architect of the Batasang Pambansa

Expressionist architect

In early Christian churches, the bishop took central place at the end of the church called

First president and founder of PAS

The first plan shape of the St. Peter's Basilica by Bramante

Architect of the Philippines Heart Center

From the Greek temples, a temple that have porticoes of columns at the front and rear

Architect of SM Megamall
Invented reinforced concrete in France

Designer of the Bonifacio Monument

Orientation of the Roman temple is towards the

The architect of the Quiapo church before its restoration
Orientation of the Greek temple is towards the
A raised stage reserved for the clergy in early christian churches
Designer of the Taj Mahal
In some churches, there is a part which is raised as part of the sanctuary which later
developed into the transept, this is the

This church, 1st built by the Augustinian Fr. Miguel Murguia, has an unusually large bell which
was made from approximately 70 sacks of coins donated by the towns people

Architect of GSIS building, Roxas Boulevard

Architect of the Rizal Memorial Stadium

Corresponds to the Greek naos

Architect of the National Library, Philippines

Architect of Central Bank of the Philippines, Manila

In Greek temples, the equivalent of the crypt is the

On either side of the choir, pulpits for the reading of the epistle and the gospel are called

Built by the Franciscan priest Fr. Blas dela Madre, this church in Rizal whose design depicts
the heavy influence of Spanisj Baroque, was declared a national treasure

Architect of the Erechtheion

Conceptualized the Corinthian capital

Mexican Architect/Engineer who introdused thin shell construction

Architects of the Hagia Sophia

Roman arcitect of the Greek Temples of Zeus, Olympius

A given term to the mixture of Christian, Spanish and Muslim 12th-16th century architecture

The architect of Pantheon

Architect of the World Trade Center

Architect of Manila Hilton Hotel

Architect of the Lung Center of the Philippines

He created the Dymaxion House, 'the first machine for living'

Who began the building of the Great Hypostyle Hallat Karnak

A kindred type to the theater

The dominating personality who became an ardent of the Italian renaissance style

A type of roman wall facing with rectangular block with or without mortar joints

The most beautiful and best preserved of the Greek theatres

Architect of the Temple of Zeus, Agrigentum

A type of Roman wall facing with a net-like effect

Architect of the Bi-Nuclear House, the H-Plan

"A house is a machine to live in"

Marble mosaic pattern used on ceilings of vaults and domes

He erected the entrance Piazza at St. Peter's Basilica

A greek building that contains painted pictures
A type of Roman wall facing which is made of small stone laid in a loose pattern roughly
resembling polygonal work
Master sculptor of the Parthenon
Architect of the Great Serapeum at Alexandria

A type of Roman wall facing with alternating coourses of brickworks

The dry sweating room in the Thermae

Orientation of the Etruscan temple is towards the

Smallest cathedral in the world (Byzantine period)

Who commenced the 'hall of hundred columns'

The oldest circus in Rome

One of the few churches of its type to have survived having a square nave and wothout
cross-arms, roofed by a dome which spans to the outer walls of the building

Semi-palatial house surrounded by an open site

A small private bath found in Roman houses or palaces

The space between the colonnade and the naos wall in Greek temple

The senate house of the Greeks

the hot room of the thermae
The space for the clergy and choir is separated by a low xcreen wall from the body of the
church called
A roman house with a central patio
The private house of the Romans
The dressing room of the thermae

First school which offered architecture in the Philippines

The sleeping room of the megaron

The council house in Greece

Architect of the Chicago Tribune Tower

An upright ornament at the eaves of a tile roof, concealing the foot of a row of convex tiles
that cover the joints of the flat tiles
The room for oils and unguents in the thermae

The finest of Greek Tombs, also known as the 'tomb of Agamemnon'

Roman apartment blocks

The colosseum in Rome also known as the 'flavian amphitheatre' was commenced by whom
and completed by whom

The best example of a German Romanesque church with apses at both east and west

The oldest and most important forum in Rome

Orientation of the Medieval Church

Type of plan of the Byzantine churches
The warm room in the Thermae

In Mesopotamian architecture, religion called for temples made of sun-dried bricks known as
One of the most controversial American architect who was identified as one of the New York
five and the first who became known for a seies of private houses based on renowned
themes of Le Corbusier. One of his work is the Binondo Tower in Sta. Cruz, Manila

A Chinese-born American architect studied with Walter Gropius at Harvard. His notable works
include John Hancock Tower, Boston (1975), extension to the Louvre Museum, Paris (1983)
and Essensa Tower at Global City Fort Bonifacio

Romanesque architecture had for its greatest patron the

A popular design style of the 1920's and 1930's characterized by very colorful and
decorative, feature ornamented with lots of geometric shapes and zigzags and one nationally
famous examples is the Empire State Buildings in New York city

An inner courtyard of a home or other building that is open to the sky or covered by a
skylight

Who is the architect of the Manila City Hall

Stupa or temples cut in rock formation is a contribution of what style of architecture

A French term for pillars or stilts that carry a building, thereby raising it to first floor level and
leaving the ground floor open

Which of the following describe the 'olog' in a Bontoc village

What is referred to as the 'Intramuros of the North' which is the third oldest settlement
founded by Spaniards and contains Castillan houses built in the 16th century

What invention brought about modern high rise building

A recess in a wall (interior or exterior), especiallly for a statue and usually curved at the back

Egyptian monumental architecture is essentially

The tower in a Southeast Asian country achieved its full 508 meters (1,674 ft) height with the
addition of a huge metal spire capping the 101 floor structure. The skyscraper of steel,
concrete and glass, completed in 2004, houses a shopping mall, offices for 12000 people,
and the stock exchange. It has the world's fastest lifts. Who is the architect of this skyscraper

The traditional Maranao house for the ordinary members of the community is the

The first all iron church in Asia

Romanesque was the great age of the monasteries in

From what style of architecture were the Chinese pagodas derived

The largest geodesic dome ever built. With a volume twenty-three times that of St Peter's
Cathedral in Rome, the dome conists of 320 interlocking hexagonal steel panel, painted
goldenrod, which are braced by steel rods on the exterior, which are painted blue

Window that generally projects from an upper story, supported by a bracket

Historically, where did the first development of architecture took place

Building with concrete was developed by the

A Gothic cathedral designed by Master Gerhard who, though no doubt German, was
thoroughly conversant with contemporary French Gothic. The cathedral was consecrated in
1322, by which time designs for the west front had already been prepared

English architecture was brought nearly up to date continental taste during the 16th
centuray by

The original plan of St. Peter's Basilica is in the form of a Greel cross designed by

The leader of the Chicago School of Arachitecture and a pioneer in skyscraper design. The
Auditorium Building, Chicago (1887) was his forst major work

The beginner of the great hypostyle hall at karnak and the

founder of the 19th dynasty.
The mineral of greatest importance to Greek architecture of
which Greece and her domains had ample supply of was.
Forming the imposing entrance to the acropolis and erected
by the architect Mnesicles is the.
The building in the acropolis generally considered as being
the most nearly perfect building ever erected is the.
With the use of concrete made possible by pozzolan, a native
natural cement, the Romans achieved huge interiors with the.
Which of the order was added by the Romans to the orders
used by the Greeks.
From the 5th century to the present, the character of
Byzantine architecture is the practice of using.
Romanesque architecture in Italy is distinguished from that
of the rest of Europe by the use of what material for facing
walls.
The most famous and perfect preservation of all ancient
buildings in Rome.
The space between the colonnade and the naos wall in
Greek temple.

Amphitheaters are used for ___.

An ancient Greek Portico, a long colonnaded shelter used

in public places.

The fortified high area or citadel of an ancient Greek City.

An upright ornament at the eaves of a tile roof, concealing

the foot of a row of convex tiles that cover the joints of the flat
tiles.
Strictly, a pedestal at the corners or peak of a roof to
support an ornament, more usually, the ornament itself.
Also called a 'Honeysuckle' ornament.
The characteristic of Greek ornament.
The dining hall in a monastery, a convent, or a college.
The architecture of the curved line is known as ___.
The open court in an Italian palazzo.
The ornamental pattern work in stone, filling the upper part
of a Gothic window.
"cubicula" or bedroom is from what architecture.
How many stained glass are there in the Chartres
Cathedral?
Plan shape of a Chinese pagoda.
Usual number of stories for a Chinese pagoda.
Plan shape of a Japanese pagoda.
Triangular piece of wall above the entablature.
A spherical triangle forming the transition from the circular
plan of a dome to the poly-gonal plan of its supporting
structure.
A long arcaded entrance porch in an early Christian church.
The principal or central part of a church, extending from
the narthex to the choir orchancel and usually flanked by aisles.
The uppermost step in the crepidoma.
The lowest step in the crepidoma.
Intercolumniation of 2.25 diameters.
Intercolumniation of 4 diameters.
Intercolumniation of 2 diameters.
Pycnostyle intercolumniation has how many diameters?
Diastyle intercolumniation has how many diameters.
Roman building which is a prototype of the hippodrome of
the Greek.
Roman building for which gladiatorial battles took place.
What sporting event takes place in the Palaestra?
A foot race course in the cities.

Architects of the Parthenon.

The tower atop the torogan where the princess and her
ladies in waiting hide during occasions.
Found in the ground floor of the bahay na bato, it is where
the carriages and floats are kept.
The emergency hideout found directly behind the headboard
of the Sultan's bed.
In the kitchen of the bahay kubo, the table on top of which
is the river stone, shoe-shaped stove or kalan is known as ___.
Japanese tea house

A Muslim temple, a mosque for public worship, also known as place for Prostration

Domical mound containing a relic.

Ifugao house (southern strain).
The style of the order with massive and tapering columns
resting on a base of 3 steps.
Earthen burial mounds containing upright and lintel stones
forming chambers for consecutive burials for several to a
hundred persons.
A semi-circular or semi-polygonal space, usually in church,
terminating in axis and intended to house an altar.
Temples in Greece that have a double line of columns
surrounding the naos.
Senate house for chief dignitaries in Greek architecture

Architect of the Einstein Tower.

Founder of the Bauhaus School of Art.

What architectural term is termed to be free from any
historical style?
The architect of Chrysler building in N.Y.
Another term for crenel or intervals between merlon of a
battlement.
In the middle kingdom, in Egyptian architecture, who
consolidate the administrative system, made a survey of the
country, set boundaries to the provinces, and other helpful
works.
Who erected the earliest known obelisk at Heliopolis.
The world's first large-scale monument in stone.
The highest sloped pyramid in Gizeh
Female statues with baskets serving as columns.
A small tower usually corbelled at the corner of the castle.
A compound bracket or capital in Japanese architecture.
A concave molding approximately quarter round.

Architect of Iglesia ni Cristo.

A Filipino architect whose philosophy is 'the structure must

be well oriented'.

Architect of Robinson's Galleria

King Zoser's architect who was deified in the 26th dynasty.

"A house is like a flower pot"

Art Noveau is known as the international style, in Germany

it is known as ___.
Architect of TWA airport.
"Modern architecture need not be western".
Not among the three pyramids in Gizeh
A decorative bracket usually taking the form of a cyma
reversa strap.

Finest example of French-Gothic architecture

Plan shape of a Chinese pagoda.

A special feature of Japanese houses, used to display a
flower arrangement or art.
The most famous structure of Byzantine architecture and
notable of its large dome.
An ornamental canopy of stone or marble permanently
place over the altar in a church.
A decorative niche often topped with a canopy and housing
a statue.
A large apsidal extension of the interior volume of a
church.
A recess in a wall to contain a statue or other small items.
A term given to the mixture of Christian, Spanish, and
Muslim 12th-16th century architecture.
Architect of the famous Propylaea, Acropolis.
A Greek building that contains painted pictures.
A kindred type to the theater.
The most beautiful and best preserved of the Greek
theaters.
A type of Roman wall facing with alternating courses of
brickworks.
A type of Roman wall facing which is made of small stone
laid in a loose pattern roughly resembling polygonal work.

A type of Roman wall facing with a net-like effect

A type of roman wall facing with rectangular block with or

without mortar joints.
Marble mosaic pattern used on ceilings of vaults and
domes.
"Form follows function".
He created the Dymaxion House, "the first machine for
living".

Architect of the Bi-Nuclear House, the H-Plan.

Mexican Architect/Engineer who introduced thin shell
construction.
The architect of the Pantheon.
Architect of the World Trade Center.
He erected the entrance Piazza at St. Peter's Basilica.
Architects of the Hagia Sophia. (St. Sophia,
Constantinople)
Architect of the Lung Center of the Philippines.
Who began the building of the Great Hypostyle Hall at
Karnak?
Architect of the Great Serapeum at Alexandria.
The dominating personality who became an ardent disciple
of the Italian renaissance style.
Conceptualized the Corinthian capital.
Architect of the Temple of Zeus, Agrigentum
Architect of the Temples of Zeus, Olympia.
Roman architect of the Greek Temples of Zeus,
Olympius.
Architect of the Erechtheion.
Master sculptor of the Parthenon.
Architect of Manila Hilton Hotel.
"A house is a machine to live in".
Architect of the Chicago Tribune Tower.

"Architecture is Organic".

Invented reinforced concrete in France.

First elected U.A.P. president.
First president and founder of PAS.
Architect of the National Library, Philippines.
Designer of the Bonifacio Monument.

Sculptor for the Bonifacio Monument.

Designer of the Taj Mahal.

Expressionist Architect.

Founders of the "Art Noveau".

Architect of the Batasang Pambansa.

Architect of the Philippine Heart Center.
Architect of the Rizal Memorial Stadium.
The architect of the Quiapo Church before its restoration.

Architect of SM Megamall.

Central Bank of the Philippines, Manila.

G.S.I.S. Building, Roxas Boulevard.
Built by the Franciscan priest Fr. Blas dela Madre, this
church in Rizal whose design depicts the heavy influence of
Spanish Baroque, was declared a national treasure.
This church, 1st built by the Augustinian Fr. Miguel
Murguia, has an unusually large bell which was made from
approximately 70 sacks of coins donated by the towns people.
A raised stage reserved for the clergy in early Christian
churches.
In Greek temples, the equivalent of the crypt is the ___.
From the Greek temples, a temple that have porticoes of
columns at the front and rear.
Corresponds to the Greek naos.
The first plan shape of the St. Peter's Basilica by
Bramante.
The final plan shape of the St. Peter's Basilica by Carlo
Maderna.
On either side of the choir, pulpits for the reading of the
epistle and the gospel are
In some churches, there is a part which is raised as part of
the sanctuary which later developed into the transept, this is the
___.
In early Christian churches, the bishop took the central
place at the end of the church called ___.
Orientation of the Roman temple is towards the ___.
Orientation of the Greek temple is towards the ___.
Orientation of the Etruscan temple is towards the ___.
Orientation of the Medieval Church
The space for the clergy and choir is separated by a low
screen wall from the body of the church called ___.

Smallest cathedral in the world. (Byzantine period)

One of the few churches of its type to have survived
having a square nave and without cross-arms, roofed by a
dome which spans to the outer walls of the building.
Type of plan of the Byzantine churches.
First school which offered architecture in the Philippines
The best example of a German Romanesque church with
apses at both east and west ends.
The council house in Greece.
The senate house of the Greeks.
The oldest circus in Rome.
The oldest and most important forum in Rome.
The warm room in the Thermae
The Hot room of the Thermae
The dry or sweating room in the Thermae.
The dressing room of the Thermae.
The room for oils and unguents in the thermae.
The colosseum in Rome also known as the "flavian
amphitheater" was commenced by whom and completed by
whom?
The finest of Greek Tombs, also known as the 'tomb of
Agamemnon'.
Who commenced the 'hall of hundred columns'?
The private house of the Romans.
The sleeping room of the 'megaron'.
Roman apartment blocks
Semi-palatial house surrounded by an open site
A roman house with a central patio.
A small private bath found in Roman houses or palaces.
A megalithic structure consisting of several large stones set on end with a large
covering slab

Monumental gateway to an Egyptian temple consisting with slanting walls flanking the
entrance portal

A massive funerary structure of stone or brick with a square base and four sloping triangular
sides meeting at the apex; used mainly in ancient Egypt.
Principal room of Anatolian House
It consists of the upright column or support including the capital, base, if any, and the
horizontal entablature or part supported.

The steps forming the base of a columned Greek temple

The principal chamber in a Greek temple containing the statue of deity.

Dry sweating room with apodyteila or dressing room and unctuaria or for oils.

A great awning drawn over roman theatres and amphitheatres to protect spectators against
the sun

Roman apartment block that rose four or more storey high

A canopy supported by columns generally placed over an altar or tomb.

A long arcaded entrance porch to a Christian Basilican Church.

That part of a Greek house or Byzantine Church reserved for women
Truncated wedge-blocks forming an arc
A monument erected in memory of one not interned in or under it

A rose or wheel window of the Romanesque Church was often placed over the

A period in Gothic Architecture in France characterized by circular windows with wheel

tracery

Projecting ornament at the intersection of the ribs of ceilings, whether vaulted or flat.

A slight convex curvature built into truss or beam to compensate for any anticipated
deflection so that it will have no sag when under load.

A method of forming stonework with roughened surfaces and recessed joints, principally
employed in Renaissance building.

Designer of the Crystal Palace, London

Architect of the Sagrada Familia, Barcelona
Architect of the White House, D.C.

Second Filipino registered architect after the well-known Tomas Mapua

A mosque principal place of worship, or use of the bldg. for Friday prayers

Man who leads the congregation at a prayer

Architectural style characterized by Friezes and Crestings
Sacred enclosure found at walls of Damascus great mosque
Erected to the memory of his favorite wife Mumtaz Mahal, it was the culminating work in the
life of the emperor.

In Romanesque arch’re a period where an order founded by St. Bruno in 1806 is notably
severe and adorned

General characteristic of the Romanesque empire was

Vaulting compartment into six parts known as
A rectangular feature in the shape of a pillar, but projecting only about one sixth of its breath
from wall

Is a circular tower 16 m ( 52 ft. ) in diameter rising in 8 stories of encircling arcades.

Roughly carved of men and beasts used as support columns of projecting porches and of
bishops throne.

A secluded place
Secular architecture

The first Frankish king who became roman emperor, was crowned in 800 at Rome by the
pope, and ruled over the franks, which included central Germany and northern France

Type of roof in which 4 faces rest diagonally between the gables and converge at the top

The most important of the distinctive characteristics of mature Spanish Romanesque

architecture

Is well endowed with medieval military achre and grand castles are particularly numerous in
castle

Finest or Romanesque castles in Spain is at ____

Sited and designed to secure the routes from coastal ports to Jerusalem

A civil settlement under the protection of a castle.

A projecting wall or parapet allowing floor openings, through w/c molten lead, pitch, stones
were dropped only on an enemy below.

A parapet having a series of indentions or embrasures, between which are raised portions
known as merlons

The upstanding part of an embattled parapet, between two crenels/ embrasure openings.

A squared timber used in bldg. construction or a low ridge of earth that marks a boundary
line

A Scandinavian wooden church with vertical planks forming the walls

Architecture was marked by copy roofs which frequently had more storey than the walls, and
were provided with dormer windows to make through current of air for their use as a drying
ground for the large monthly wash

A projection block or spur of stone carried with foliage to decorate the raking lines formed by
angles of spires and canopies.

An arch starting from a detached pier and abutting against a wall to take the thrust of the
vaulting.

A circular or polygonal apse when surrounded by an ambulatory of which are chapels.

An architectural style which in its period is the English equivalent of the high gothic of
northern France first pointed.

Leafed ornament.

Vertical tracery members dividing windows into different numbers of lights.

The actual sanctuary of a church beyond the choir and occupied only by the officiating
clergy.

Single and most important building in Britain.

A room, where food is stored in a manor house.

The screen/ ornamental work rising behind the altar.
Term applied to a tower crowned by a spire.
A ledge or shelf behind an altar for holding vases or candles.
Originally the minaret of the mosque.

The largest medieval cathedral and is somewhat German in character in north Italy.

A space entirely or partly under a building in churches generally beneath the chancel and
used for burial in early times.

A movement which begun in Italy in the 15th century created a break in the continuous
revolution of European times.

In renaissance archre, which is logically staid and serene architectural style?

The phase in western European renaissance archre 1750-1830, when renewed inspiration
was sought from ancient Greek and roman architecture

A term coined to describe the characteristics of the output of Italian renaissance architects of
the period 1530-1600. Characterized by unconventional use of classical elements

A method of forming stonework with roughened surfaces and recessed joints, principally
employed in renaissance buildings

A light portable receptacle for sacred relics

Famous architect in Florence renaissance archre.
The principal floor of an Italian palace, raised one floor above ground level and containing
the principal social apartments.

Known architect in early renaissance.

Vertical members dividing windows into different numbers of lights.

Horizontal divisions or crossbars of windows.
A twisted band, garland or chaplet, representing flowers, fruits, leaves often used in
decoration.

An ornament consisting of a spirally wound band, either as a running ornament or as a

terminal.

A room decorated with plants, sculpture and fountains (often decorated with nymphs) and
intended for relaxation.

France generally describe rococo as

One of the winged heavenly beings that support the throne of god or act as guardian spirits,
or chubby, rosy- faced child with wings.

Central shaft of a circular staircase also applied to the post in which the handrail is framed.

A type of relief ornament or cresting resembling studded leather straps, arranged in

geometrical and sometimes interlaced patterns; much used in the early renaissance archre
in England.

Space between the columns.

An ornament in classic or renaissance archre consisting of an assembly of straight lines

intersecting at right angles of various patterns. Also called key pattern

A stone gallery over the entrance to the choir of a cathedral or church.

A term originally applied to the art of decorative painting in many colors, extended to the
coloring of sculpture to enhance naturalism, also described to the application of variegated
materials to achieve brilliant or striking effects

The selection of elements from diverse styles for architectural decorative designs,particularly
during the 2nd half of the 19th century in Europe and USA.
A long dormer on the slope of a roof, it has no sides, the roofing being carried in a nave line.

The central rounded of a pattern or ornament, an oculus, one at the summit of a dome.

A vertical steel support cast iron was used until relatively cheap steel became available.

The sanctuary of a classical temple, containing the cult statue of the God.

Also known as Siam (before 1993) and was named, meaning “land of the free”

A stupa in a form of a corn cob.

Reflects Burma’s cultural connections with China and India, built over older foundations
(16th-17th century) at Rangoon.

Burma’s term for monasteries.

Chinese monumental gateway.
Is the most famous for the eye catching tower he constructed in Paris for the exposition
universally of 1889 work of Eiffel tower.

One of the pioneers of the modern movement in American architecture. Work auditorium
building, U.S.

Arch of the famous Twin Tower World Trade Center.

Scottish architect and designer who was prominent in the arts and crafts movement in Great
Britain.

Received the “Patnubay ng Sining at Kalinanagan “award for the city of manila, who is the
architect?

In 1989 he received the prtzker prize commonly referred to as “The Noble of Architecture”
the loftiest recognition. It is a lifetime achievement award granted to living architect whose
body of work represents a superlative contribution to the field.
His first designs were drawings of fantastic architectural visions in steel and glass as well as
costume and poster design.

Much of his works has been described as post modern, since he rejected the excessive
abstractionism of architects such as Le Corbusier and strove instead to incorporate the valid
elements of older style.

Spanish architects, one of the most creative practitioners of his art in modern times.His style
is often described as a blend of neo-gothic and art nouveau, but is also has surrealist and
cubist elements.

One of the world’s 1st futurist and global thinkers. His 1927 decision to work always and only
for all humanity led him to address the largest global problems of poverty,disease and
homelessness.

In his practice he explores the use of indigenous materials infused with current technological
trends to bring a new dimension in designs.

Afterwards became deeply involved in the design and building of French railways and
bridges. He worked on structures such as bridge across the Garonne River, train stations at
Toulouse and again in France.

He has actively promoted the use of native architectural forms and indigenous nationals
such as bamboo and thatch, in the creation of a distinctively Filipino architecture.

French-born, Brazilian architect and urban planner. This famous axiom “Each one sees
whatever he wishes to see” belongs to,
He was the architect in his time that receives his license as award at his 60’s or at the age of
60 yrs. old.

An important Scottish architect who was particularly known for his interiors based on
classical decoration.
He was called “Masters master” where his students are architects like Gropius, Breuer and
Van de Rohe

Architect who leads the development of the ‘Quezon Memorial Circle” in Quezon City.

Eiffel tower I Paris stands.

Starting with holes” belongs to architect

A house is a machine to live in” philosophy belongs to

He paid great attention to the detailing of the structure, which he attributed to his father’s
teachings about craftsmanship.

One of his stylish choice which are circles and squares were used in his design solutions.

His contributions where the advocacy of the idea of planning rooms by volume.

His solutions to building problem were always direct, transmitting to the ground by the
shortest path the stresses developed within the structures.

Father of modern architectural movement in Brazil.

A city is subjected to growth, delay and rebuilt”
For Egyptian Architecture design, due to excessive
sunshine, there was no need for windows, the
massive unbroken walls provided the surface for
________________.

In Greek Architecture, It is the largest building atop

the Athenian Acropolis, It is a temple dedicated to
Athena (The warrior of maiden) It is a Doric building,
and made entirely of white pentelic marble and
surrounded by freestanding column.

In Greek Architecture, The __________ theater

designed (c.350 BC) by Polyclitus. It is among the
largest and best preserved ancient theaters in
Greece. The circular construction and the pitch of
the seats, where held close to 14,000 spectators,
permit nearly perfect acoustics.
In Roman Architecture, It was built AD 72-82 in
Rome Italy, It is the largest Roman Amphitheater, A
four storey, elliptical structure that seated about
50,000 spectators. The exterior façade was
embellished with superimposed Doric, ionic and
Corinthian columns.

In Roman Architecture, It was built AD 112, It was

designed by Apollodorous of Damascus for Emperor
Trajan, it is often considered the most magnificent
and architecturally most pleasing.

In Roman Architecture, The Pantheon (AD C118-28),

A monument of imperial Rome, revived the use of
brick and concrete in temple architecture. It is
symmetry is enchanced by its hemispherical dome,
Who is the architect of this historical monument?
(he is the son in law of Augustus.)

The Washington D.C. monument. The tapering shaft

contained in a Greek style temple, the obelisk is the
only remnant of the original blueprint that remains.
It was designed in the year 1812 by the American
Architect, What is the name of this Architect?

What is the name of the

Cathedral in France that was designed
by Jean d’ Orbais.(
In France, It is the official residence of President of
France, It was built in 1718 by Claude Mollet for
Henry de la Tour d’ Auvergne

In Philippine Architecture, It is considered the home

of the Sultans. Carved on the wooden posts in the
niyaga, a stylized mytical snake design can be found.
It is the traditional residence of the reigning Sultan
of Maranaw people and his family.

In Philippine Architecture, Being Isolated and wind

frequented area. The Batanes Islands, exhibit the
most different of all traditional Architecture in the
Phil. The house is built solidly on all sides, made of a
meter thick rubble work, covered by thick thatch
roofing to withstand gales which frequent the area.
What is the name of this unique house?
The ___________________ is an art deco building
designed by the Filipino Architect Juan M. de
Guzman Arellano, and built in 1935. During the
liberation of Manila by the Americans in 1945, the
theatre was totally destroyed. After reconstruction
by the Americans it gradually fell into disuse in the
1960’s. In the following decade it was meticulously
restored but again fell into decay. Recently a bus
station has been constructed at the back of the
theatre. The City of Manila is planning a renovation
of this once magnificent building.

The Golden Empire Tower-( 1322 Roxas Boulevard)

is the tallest building along the boulevard and one of
the highest residential condominium in the world.
The one with the golden glass facing Manila Bay and
United States Embassy compound in Manila. Who is
the Filipino Architect of this famous residential
condominium?

For the Creation of Space ____________a Chinese

Philosopher, said, “The reality of the building does
not consist in the roof and walls, but in the space
within to be lived in.”

The base or platform upon which a column, pedestal, statue, monument, or structure rests.

(Greek Architecture) is a sculpted female figure serving as an architectural support taking

the place of a column or a
pillar supporting an entablature on her head.

Is an architectural device, typically carved in stone and employed to decoratively emphasize

the apex of a gable, or
any of various distinctive ornaments at the top, end, or corner of a building or structure.

The architect who said that the exterior of the building is the result of the interior.

The later male counterpart of the caryatid and the name refers to the legend of Atlas,
Is an architectural term related to ancient Greek buildings, is the platform of, usually, three
levels upon which the
superstructure of the building is erected. The levels typically decrease in size incrementally,
forming a series of steps
along all or some sides of the building.

The Filipino Architect Who Designed the 66Meters(217 ft') height Pylons Quezon Memorial
Circle.

Is an ornamental molding or band following the curve of the underside of an arch, It is

composed of bands of
ornamental moldings (or other architectural elements) surrounding an arched opening,

is a term used for Ancient Greek Plays in order to describe any of two passageways leading
into the orchestra,
between theatron and skenê (also known as the parodos).

A monumental, four-sided stone shaft, usually monolithic and tapering to a pyramidal tip.

A caulking material made from old hemp rope fibers that have been treated with tar.

A waterspout projecting from the roof gutter of a building, often carved

grotesquely(Sculpture).
Is a statue, building, or other edifice created to commemorate a person or important event.
They are frequently used
to improve the appearance of a city or location.
The Greek council house which is covered meeting place for the
democratically-elected council is called:
The Grandest Temple of all Egyptian temples, it was not built by
upon one complete plan but owes its size, disposition and
magnificence to the work of many Kings. Built from the 12th Dynasty
to the Ptolemaic period.
The father of modern picture books of Architecture
The man of learning… can fearlessly look down upon the
troublesome accidents of fortune. But he who thinks himself
entrenched in defense not of learning but of luck, moves one slippery
path, struggling though life unsteadily and insecurely.”
Tomb of Atreus, a noted example of the tholos type of tomb is
also known as:
The memorial column built in the form of tall Doric order and
made entirely f marble is;
It is the eclectic style of domestic architecture of the 1870’s and
the 1880’s in England and the USA and actually based on country
house and cottage Elizabeth architecture which was characterized by
a blending of Tudor Gothic, English Renaissance and colonial
elements in the USA:

An English Architect who prepared plan for London i.e., St. Peter
‘s and St. Paul Cathedral; Proposed a Network of Avenues connecting
the main features of London.

The sacred enclosure fond in the highest part of a Greek city is

called:
The architect who claimed that: “The ultimate goal of the new
architecture was the composite but inseparable work of an art, in
which the old diving line between monumental and decorative
elements will have disappeared forever.”
The architect who said that the exterior of the building is the
result of the interior
The building that serve as a senate house for the chief dignitaries
of the city and as a palace where distinguished visitors and citizens
might be entertained.

It is a traditional house that was called binangiyan. It was a

single room dwelling elevated at 1.50 meters from the ground; the
floor were made of hard wood like narra which rested on 3 floor joist
which in turn were supported by transverse girders.

It is the third phase of English-Gothic Architecture where

elaborated ornamental vaulting, and refinement of stonecutting
techniques.
Enclosure formed by huge stones planted on the ground in
circular form.
A style in the architecture Italy I the second half of the 16th
century and to a lesser extent elsewhere in Europe. It uses classical
elements in an unconventional manner.
The Greek council house which is covered meeting place for the democratically-elected
council is called

The Grandest Temple of all Egyptian temples, it was not built by upon one complete plan but
owes its size, disposition and magnificence to the work of many Kings. Built from the 12th
Dynasty to the Ptolemaic period
A ____________ is a ___________ which extends vertically from lowest portion of the wall which
adjoins two living units up to a minimum height of 0.30 meters above the highest portion of
the roof and extends horizontally 0.30 meters beyond the outermost edge of the abutting
living units?

The father of modern picture books of Architecture

“The man of learning… can fearlessly look down upon the troublesome accidents of fortune.
But he who thinks himself entrenched in defense not of learning but of luck, moves one
slippery path, struggling though life unsteadily and insecurely.”

It was the first law passed by the national assembly in 1921 where the maestros de obra or
the master builders are required to register as architects?

Tomb of Atreus, a noted example of the tholos type of tomb is also known as

The memorial column built in the form of tall Doric order and made entirely if marble is

Early type of settlement in America taken after the “baug” (military town) and “fauborg”
(citizen’s town) of the medieval ages

It is the eclectic style of domestic architecture of the 1870’s and the 1880’s in England and
the USA and actually based on country house and cottage Elizabeth architecture which was
characterized by a blending of Tudor Gothic, English Renaissance and colonial elements in
the USA

Le Corbusier planned a high density building that was a “super building” that contained 337
dwellings in only acres of land. What is the structure that supposed to be located in
Marseilles?

An English Architect who prepared plan for London i.e., St. Peter ‘s and St. Paul Cathedral;
Proposed a Network of Avenues connecting the main features of London.

The sacred enclosure fond in the highest part of a Greek city is called:
The architect who claimed that: “The ultimate goal of the new architecture was the
composite but inseparable work of an art, in which the old diving line between monumental
and decorative elements will have disappeared forever.”

The architect who said that the exterior of the building is the result of the interior.

The building that serve as a senate house for the chief dignitaries of the city and as a palace
where distinguished visitors and citizens might be entertained

It is a traditional house that was called binangiyan. It was a single room dwelling elevated at
1.50 meters from the ground; the floor were made of hard wood like narra which rested on 3
floor joist which in turn were supported by transverse girders

??? on natural rocks in a Greek theater is called

It is the third phase of English-Gothic Architecture where elaborated ornamental vaulting,
and refinement of stonecutting techniques

Enclosure formed by huge stones planted on the ground in circular form

A revival style based on the buildings and publications of the 6th century architect marked
by ancient Roman Architectural forms

TS MOST OUTSTANDING ACHIEVEMENTS ARE ITS MASSIVE FUNERARY MONUMENTS &

TEMPLES BUILT OF STONE FOR PERMANENCE, FEATURING ONLY POST-AND-LINTEL
CONSTRUCTION & CORBEL VAULTS W/ OUT ARCHES & VAULTING

CHARACTERIZED BY CLEAR PLANS, MASSIVE

ARTICULATED WALL STRUCTURES, ROUND ARCHES, & POWERFUL VAULTS
CHARACTERIZED BY POINTED ARCH, THE GRADUAL REDUCTION OF

THE WALLS TO A SYSTEM

OF RICHLY DECORATED FENESTRATION
CHARACTERIZED BY RADIATING LINES OF TRACERY
CHARATERIZED BYFLOWING A FLAME-LIKE TRACERY.
CHARACTERIZED BY THE USE OF THE CLASSICAL ORDERS, ROUND

ARCHES, and
SYMMETRICAL COMPOSITION.
MODE OF BLDG FOLLOWING THE STRICT ROMAN FORMS, A SET FORTH IN THE PUBLICATIONS
OF THE ITALIAN REN. ARCH’T.ANDREA PALLADIO (1508-1580). STYLE BASED ON A CLOSED
STUDY OF ANTIQUITY.

TRANSITIONAL STYLE IN ARCH’RE & THE ARTS IN THE LATE 16th. CENT, CHARATERIZED IN
ARCH’RE BY UNCOVENTIONAL USE OF CLASSICAL ELEMENTS.

IS CHARACTERIZED BY INTERPRETATION OF OVAL SPACES, CURVED SURFACES, &

CONSPICUOUS USE DECORATION, ACULPTURE & COLOR. ITS LAST PHASE IS CALLED
“ROCOCO BOLD, OPULENT & IMPRESSIVE TYPE OF ARCH’RE.

THE PHASE IN WESTERN EUROPIAN RENASSAINCE ARCH’RE 1750-1830, WHEN RENED

INSPIRATION WAS SOUGHT FROM ANCIENT GREEK & ROMAN ARCH’RE ( NEO CLASSICAL)

( FR. ROCALLE – ROCKWORK) A TERM APPLIED TO TYPE OF RENAISSANCE ORNAMENT IN W/C

ROCK-LIKE FORMS, FANTASTIC SCROLLS, & CRIMPED SHELLS ARE WORK UP TOGETHER IN A
PRO-
FUSION & COMFUSION OF DETAIL OFTEN W/ OUT ORGANIC COHERENCE BUT PRESENTING A
LAVISH DISPLAY OF DECORATION.

SIVERSMITH-LIKE”; THE RICHLY DECORATIVE STYLE OF THE SPANISH RENAISSANCE.

THE TRANSITIONAL STYLE BETWEEN GOTHIC & RENAISSANCE IN ENGLAND, NAMED AFTER
ELIZABETH I; MAINLY COUNTRY HOUSES, CHARATERIZED BY LARGED MILLIONED WINDOWS &
STRAPWORK ORNAMENTATION

ENGLISH ARCH’L & DECORATIVE STYLE OF THE EARLY 17th CENT. , ADAPTING THE
ELIZABETHAN STYLE TO CONTINENATL RENAISSANCE INLUENCES; NAMED AFTER JAMES I
THE PREVAILING STYLE OF THE 18th CENT. IN GREAT BRITAIN & THE NORTH AMERICAN
COLONIES, SO NAMED AFTER GEORGE I, II, III, BUT NOT INCLUDE GEORGE IV. DERIVED FROM
CLASSICAL, RENAISSANCE, & BAROQUE FORMS.

TERM IN A SPECIALIZED SENSE TO DESCRIBE ONE OF THE ATTITUDES OF TASTE TOWARDDS

ARCH’RE & LANDSCAPE GARDENING IN THE LATE 18th & EARLY 19th CENT. BLDG’S &
LANDSCAPE WERE TO HAVE THE CONTROLLED INFORMALITY OF A PICTURE.

Mythical monsters each with the body of a lion and a head of a man, hawk, ram or woman
possessed
An ancient Egyptian rectangular, flat-topped funerary mound with battered (sloping) sides
covering a burial chamber blow ground
Huge monoliths, square on plan and tapering to an electrum-capped (alloy of silver & gold)
“pyra-midion” at the summit, which was the sacred part. The four sides are cut with
hieroglyphics
A massive funerary structure of stone or brick with a square base and four sloping triangular
sides meeting at the apex
Inward inclination or slope of an outward wall

Consists of a complex of “sarsen” (any of the many large sedimentary rocks that have been
broken into blocks by frost action and are found scattered across the chalk downs of
southern England )stones and smaller blue stones set in a circle and connected by lintels

Artificial Mountains made up of tiered (layered), rectangular stages which rose in number
from one to seven

Pictorial representation of religious ritual, historic events and daily pursuits

An ancient structure usually regarded as a tomb, consisting of two or more large upright
stones set with a space between and capped by a horizontal stone

Any of the pieces, in the shape of a truncated wedge, which form an arch or a vault. A
wedge-shaped stone: a wedge-shaped brick or stone used to form the curved parts of an
arch or vault
In ancient Greece/ Rome, a room or covered area or open on one side used as a meeting
place; architecture history conversation room: a room for relaxation or conversation,
especially a semicircular recess in a larger hall with a continuous bench along the wall;
furniture long curved outdoor bench: a long curved or semicircular outdoor bench, usually
with a high back; architecture recess: any kind of recess or niche (technical)

The sanctuary of a classical temple, containing the cult statue of the god

Domical mounds which grouped with their rails, gateways, professional paths and crowning
umbrella came to be known as symbols of the universe; a Buddhist shrine, temple, or
pagoda that houses a relic or marks the location of an auspicious event.

An adjective used to describe an artist who selects forms and ideas from different periods or
countries and combines them to produce a harmonious whole.

The exposed undersurface of any overhead component of a building such as an arch,

balcony, beam, cornice, lintel or vault. bottom surface: the underside of a structural
component of a building, for example the underside of a roof overhang or the inner curve of
an arch

a large fortified (armed) place; a fort often including a town; any place of security.

the term applied to the triangular curved overhanging surface by means of which a circular
dome is supported over a square or polygonal compartment. a sloping triangular piece of
vaulting between the arches that support a dome and its rim

Pre-Columbian edifice dedicated to the service or worship of their god which is made of
stones entered by a single door to a very steep single flight of steps, above it rises a high
stone roof

Term in a specialized sense to describe one of the attitudes of taste towards architecture and
landscape gardening in the late 18th and early 19th century; very attractive: visually
pleasing enough to be the subject of a painting or photograph

A term originally applied painting on a wall while the plaster is wet and is not in oil colors.
painting done on fresh plaster: a painting on a wall or ceiling made by brushing watercolors
onto fresh damp plaster, or onto partly dry plaster
A long colonnaded building, served many purposes, used around public places and as shelter
at religious shrines; an ancient covered walkway: in ancient Greece, a covered walkway,
usually with a row of columns on one side and a wall on the other

Carved male figures serving as pillars also called TELAMONES; architecture figure of man
used as support: a figure of a man, either standing or kneeling, used as a support for the
upper part of a classical building

A slab forming the crowning member of a column

A swelling or curving outwards along the outline of a column shaft, designed to counteract
the optical illusion which gives a shaft bounded by straight lines the appearance of curving
inwards; a bulge in architectural column: a slight bulge in the shaft of a column, designed to
counter the visual impression of concavity that a perfectly straight column would give

The vertical channeling on the shaft of a column; architecture: groove in column: a groove
running down an architectural column
Sculptures female figures used as columns or supports
the portion of a pedestal between its base and cornice. A term also applied to the lower
portions of walls when decorated separately.

The sharp edge formed by the meeting of two surface usually in DORIC columns

a small flat band between mouldings to separate them from each other. architecture flat
narrow moulding: a raised or sunken ornamental surface set between larger surfaces

A triangular piece of wall above the entablature enclosed by raking cornices; architecture
gable on colonnade: a broad triangular or segmental gable surmounting a colonnade as the
major part of a facade

The lowest square member of the base of a column

Town square, was the center of social and business life, around which were stoas, or
colonnaded porticoes, temples, markets, public buildings, monuments, shrines.

These are arches erected to emperors and generals commemorating victorious campaigns;
has one or three openings. Such arches were adorned with appropriate bas-reliefs (flat
sculpture; slightly projecting) and usually carried grit-bronze statuary (statues considered
collectively) on an attic storey and having a dedicatory inscription in its face
Palatial public baths of Imperial Rome raised on a high platform; hot springs: hot springs or
baths, especially the public baths of ancient Rome

Elliptical Amphitheatres are characteristically Roman buildings found in every important

settlement, used to display of mortal combats (gladiatorial)

A roman structure where immense quantities of water were required for the great thermae
and for public fountains, and for domestic supply for the large population; a channel for
water: a pipe or channel for moving water to a lower level, often across a great distance

Corresponds (links) to the Agora in a Greek city was a central open space, used a public
meeting space, market or rendezvous for political demonstrations.

A turret (small rounded tower) or part of a building elevated above the main building.
architecture pointed ornament: a pointed ornament on top of a buttress or parapet

Taken from a tomb chamber, or the ornamental treatment given to a stone coffin hewn out of
one block of marble and with sculptures, figures and festoons (garland) of a late period,
surmounted by lids like roofs terminating in scrolls. stone coffin: an ancient stone or marble
coffin, often decorated with sculpture and inscriptions

A term applied to monumental tombs. They consisted of large cylindrical blocks, often on a
quadrangular podium, topped with a conical crown of earth or stone.

Line of intersection of cross-vaults

Sunk panels, caissons or lacunaria formed in ceilings, vaults or domes; sunken panel in a
ceiling: a decorative sunken panel in a ceiling

A mass of masonry built against a wall to resist the pressure of an arch & vault.

an arch covering in stone or brick over any building; architecture arched ceiling: an arched
structure of stone, brick, wood, or plaster that forms a ceiling or roof; a room with arched
ceiling: a room, especially an underground room, with an arched ceiling

A long arcaded entrance porch to a Christian Basilican Church

A building or a part of a church in which baptism is administered
a basin usually of stone which holds the water for baptism.
A vault having a circular plan, and usually in the form of a sphere portion, so constructed as
to exert an equal thrust in all directions
A raised stage in a Basilican church reserved for the clergy

A range of arches supported on piers or columns attached to or detached from the wall.

A raised pulpit on either side of a Basilican church from which the epistle of a gospel were
read
Decorative surfaces formed by small cubes of stones, glass & marble
A canopy supported by columns generally placed over an altar or tomb. Also known as
“CIBORIUM”.
A longitudinal division of an interior area, as in a church, separated from the main area by
arcades or the like.

The principal or central longitudinal area of a church, extending from the main entrance or
narthex to the CHANCEL (area of church near altar: an area of a church near the altar for the
use of clergy and choir, often separated from the nave by a screen or steps) usually flanked
by aisles of less height

The circular or multi-angular termination of a church sanctuary. A rounded projection of a

building
A small pavilion, usually open – built in gardens & parks.
An inward-looking building whose prime purpose is for contemplation & prayer. A space
without object of adoration. (Muslim)
A block of stone, often elaborately carved or moulded, projected from a wall, supporting the
beams of a roof, floor or vault.
a tall tower in, or continuous to a mosque arch stairs leading up to one or more balconies
from which the faithful are called to prayer
A diagonal cutting of an arris formed by two surfaces at an angle

An approach or an open forecourt surrounded by arcades in a Basilican church.

A small arch or bracket built across each angle of a square or polygonal structure to form an
octagon or other appropriate base for a dome or a spire. An interior supporting part of a
tower: an arch, corbelling, or lintel built across the upper inside corner of a square tower to
support the weight of a spire or other structure above

Women’s or private quarters of a house or place in Islamic architecture.

An empty tomb. A monument erected in memory of one not interred in or under it.

A double curve, resembling the letter “S”, formed by the union of a curve and a convex line

The central stone of a semi-circular arch, sometimes sculptured.

a screen in a Greek orthodox church on which icons or (sacred images), pictures, are placed
separating the chancel from the space, open to the laity. An altar screen decorated with
icons: a screen on which icons are mounted, used in Eastern Orthodox churches to separate
the area around the altar from the main part of the church

A covered porch (porch-roofed exterior of a room) or balcony (balcony- a platform projecting

from an interior or exterior wall of a building) extending along the outside of a building,
planned for summer leisure.

A public open space in Byzantine architecture, surrounded by buildings

Geometrical ornaments due to absence of human and animal statues; an ornate design

The triangular space enclosed by the curve of an arch, a vertical line from its springing, a
horizontal line through its apex. A space between one arch or another. Space between two
arches and a cornice

small towers, often containing stairs, and forming special features in medieval buildings.

Vertical tracery members dividing windows into different numbers of light. A vertical window
divider: a vertical piece of stone, metal, or wood that divides the panes of a window or the
panels of a screen
A castle in a French-speaking country or a stately residence. A French castle: a castle or large
house in France, often one that has a vineyard attached and gives its name to wine produced
there

A slender wooden spire rising from a roof. A slender church spire: a slender spire, especially
one that emerges from the roof of a church at the point where the ridges intersect.

a (shell) or a recess in a wall, hallowed like a shell for a statue or ornament.

(Lump or knob) or projecting ornament at the intersection of the ribs of ceilings, whether
vaulted or flat.

Is a rectangular feature in the shape of a pillar, but projecting only about one sixth of its
breadth (distance from side to side) from the wall.

An umbrella shaped copula.

– The ornamental pattern work in stone, filling the upper part of a gothic window.
The high platform on which temples were generally placed (in general, any elevate platform).
A foundation wall: a low wall forming a foundation or base, for example for a colonnade

The part of a cruciform church, projecting at right angles to the main building. Wings of
church: the part of a cross-shaped church that runs at right angles to the long central part
(nave)

Vaulting in Romanesque in which a framework of ribs supported thin stone panels. The new
method consisted in designing the profile of the transverse (crosswise or at right angle with
something), longitudinal and diagonal ribs to which the form of the panels was adopted

Special term for a lantern or raised structure above a roof admitting light into the interior

A room where food is stored; a pantry ( a walk-in cupboard); a cupboard

The tapering termination of a tower in Gothic churches

The term applied to a tower crowned by a spire
– A room for storage of garments

A slight convex curvature built into a truss or beam to compensate for an anticipated
deflection so that it will gave no sag when under load.

Covered passages around an open space or “Garth”, connecting the church to the chapter
house; a small courtyard or enclosed space

A serving room between kitchen and dining room, or a room for storage of food supplies

A vault in which the ribs compose a “star-shaped” pattern

A building complex of a certain English order or a self-contained community used by monks

A bay window especially cantilevered or corbelled out from the face of the wall by means of
projecting stones.
The dining hall of a monastery, convent or college
An ornament consisting of a spirally wound band, either as a running ornament or as a
terminal, like the volutes of the ionic capital.
An Italian impressive building or private building
One of a number of short vertical members often circular in section used to support a stair
handrail or a coping (wall’s capping surface).
a term applied to a type of Renaissance ornament in which rock-like forms fantastic scrolls,
and ‘crimped’ folded or pressed together) shells (are worked up together in a profusion and
confusion of detail often without organic coherence but presenting a lavish display of
decoration; Any excessively ornate or fancy style; A style of architecture and the decorative
arts characterized by intricate ornamentation that was popular throughout Europe in the
early 18th century.

In France, anything extravagantly ornamented, so ornate as to be in bad taste, a style of art

and architecture in Italy in the 17th to 18th century.

A tower not connected with “Bell”. A term applied to the upper room in a tower in which the
bells are hung.

The entire construction of a classical temple or the like, between the columns and the eaves
usually composed of an architrave, frieze, and a cornice.

(BRITISH) The hall built or used by medieval association as of merchants and tradesmen,
organized to maintain standards that constituted a governing body. (Doge = Italian
renaissance chief magistrate)

(little house for pleasure & recreation). A prominent structure, generally distinctive in
character.
The space about the altar of a church, usually separated by a screen for the clergy and other
officials, usually referred to as the “choir

An eternal solid angle of a wall or the like. One of the stones forming it, corner stone
(Renaissance) A block forming a corner: a stone block used to form a quoin, especially when
it is different, for example in size or material, from the other blocks or bricks in the wall

A “BRACKET”: is a projecting member to support a weight generally formed with scrolls or

volute when carrying the upper member of the cornice

A space entirely or partly under a building; in churches, generally beneath the chancel and
used for burial in earlier times. An underground chamber: an underground room or vault,
often below a church, used as a burial chamber or chapel, or for storing religious artifacts

The central shaft of a circular staircase. Also applied to the post in which the handrail is
framed.
The chief magistrate’s buildings, in the former republic of Venice & Genoa.

A spherical roof, (a dome-shaped roof) placed like an inverted cup over a circular square or
multi-angular apartment. A dome on roof: a small dome on a roof, sometimes made of glass
and providing natural light inside

An ante-room to a larger apartment of a building; An entrance hall: a small room or hall

between an outer door and the main part of a building

A construction such as a tower, at the crossing of a church rising above the neighboring roofs
and glazed at the sides

A twisted band, garland or chaplet, representing flowers, fruits leaves, often used in
decoration; A circular arrangement of flowers: a circular arrangement of flowers and
greenery placed as a memorial on a grave, hung up as a decoration, or put on somebody’s
head as a sign of honor; a representation of wreath: a representation of a circular
arrangement of flowers, vines, or other things, for example in a carving or on a coat of arms;
[headdress; garland; laurel]

In Renaissance, a room used primarily for exhibition of art objects, or a drawing room;[grand
sitting room; social gathering of intellectuals; art exhibition or gallery]

A roof having a double slope on four sides; the lower slope being much steeper and the
flatter upper portion. Also known as the gambrel roof.

A room decorated with plants, sculpture and fountains (often decorated with beautiful
Maiden living in Rivers, trees) and intended for relaxation. [nymph: a spirit or a minor
goddess of nature; or a beautiful young woman]

An ornate iron grille, or screen, a characteristic feature of Spanish Church interiors; An

architectural decoration: a carved decoration at the top of a gable, spire, or arched structure

A support for a column statue or a vase, it usually consists of a base. “Die” or Dado, and a
cornice or cap mould

A window in a sloping roof usually that of a sleeping apartment. A window projecting from
roof: a window for a room within the roof space that is built out at right angles to the main
roof and has its own gable
A bust (sculpture of head & shoulders) on a square pedestal instead of a human body, used
in classic times to mark boundaries on highways, and used decoratively in Renaissance
times.
Vertical members dividing windows into different number of lights

A Spanish arcaded or colonnaded yard; a paved area outside a house: a paved area
adjoining a house, used for outdoor dining, growing plants in containers, and recreation. A
roofless courtyard: a roofless inner courtyard typical of a Spanish-style house

Also called ‘brackets” or “consoles” or “ancones”. It is a projecting member to support a

weight. generally formed with scrolls or volutes which carry the upper member of a cornice
(a projecting moulding at the top of a wall or at where the wall & ceiling meets); also a
bracket in Corinthian order: a small curved ornamental bracket under the corona of a
Corinthian or Composite column

The horizontal divisions or crossbars of windows.

A decorative niche often topped with a canopy and housing a statue or an icon.

(to walk) the cloister (covered walkway around a courtyard) or covered passage around the
east end of the church, behind the altar.

Also called “key pattern” the upper portion of the pinnacle [pinnacle: pointed ornament: a
pointed ornament on top of a buttress or parapet]; an architectural decoration: a carved
decoration at the top of a gable, spire, or arched structure

a raised platform reserved for the seating of speakers and dignitaries; a raised platform: a
raised platform at the end of a hall or large room. [podium, platform, pulpit, stage]

The window of a protruded bay or the windowed bay itself. A protruding window: a rounded
or three-sided window that sticks out from an outside wall and forms a recess on the inside

Bulbous termination to the top of a tower, found principally in Central & Eastern Europe

A communicating passage or wide corridor for pictures and statues. An upper storey for
seats in a church

A type of relief ornament or cresting [cresting: a decorative roof ridge: an ornamental ridge
on a roof ] resembling the studded leather straps arranged in geometrical and sometimes
interlaced patterns much used in the early renaissance architecture of England.
The space between two columns

One of the winged heavenly beings that support the throne of God or act as guardian spirits,
or Chubby, a rosy-faced child with wings
Earth-baked (unglazed) or burnt in moulds. For use in construction, harder in quality than
brick. [brownish red color]
A coat of arms; connected with heraldry or heralds: belonging or relating to heraldry or
heralds

Phase of the early period of Spanish architecture of the later 15th and early 16th century, an
intricate style named after its likeness to silverwork; elaborately decorated: relating to a
heavily decorated architectural style fashionable in 16th-century Spain, reminiscent of
elaborate silverware

An elevated enclosed stand in a CHURCH in which the preacher stands

A roofed but open-sided structure affording an extensive view, usually located at the rooftop
of a dwelling but sometimes an independent building or an eminence (a hill) on a formal
garden; a building with fine view: a building or part of a building positioned to offer a fine
view of the surrounding area

An expression of Spanish baroque architecture and sculpture, a recurrent feature was the
richly garlanded spiral columns. [flamboyant-showy; brightly colored; highly decorated
ornamentation]

A movable candle lamp-stand with central shaft, and often branches or decorative
representation thereof; a branching light fitting: a large decorative candle holder with several
arms or branches, or a similarly shaped electric light fitting

(grating: metal grille) an ornament in classic or renaissance architecture consisting of an

assembly of straight lines intersecting at right angles, and of various patterns.

Outstanding architectural creation in Sri Lanka which is a circular relic house built in stone
and brick.

Picturesque composition built in America since 1980. Hall timbering and massive medieval
chimney. Identified by prominent gables and large expansive windows with small panes.

a large convex moulding used principally in the bases of columns.

Most typical Chinese building, usually octagonal in plan, odd number o stories usually 9 or 13
storeys and repeated roofs, highly colored and with upturned eaves, slopes to each storey.

One storey with low-overhanging roof and broad front porch. Unpretentious style often
rambling spread out floor plan, more expensive to build; lightweight tropical house: a simply-
built one-storey house with a veranda and a wide, gently sloping roof in Southeast Asia and
the South Pacific

A glazed earth ware originally made in Italy; pottery with colored glaze: earthenware
decorated with colored opaque metallic glazes (often used before a noun)

Monumental pillars standing free without any structural function, with circular or octagonal
shafts with inscriptions carved in it. The capital was bell-shaped and crowned with animal
supported bearing the Buddhist will of Law.

Most famous of ancient Chinese building undertakings. It snakes, loops, and doubles back
on itself. Meandering across valleys, plains, scaling mountains, plunging into deep gorges
and leaping raging rivers of 3,700 miles.

An art free from any historical style characterized by forms of nature for ornamentation in
the façade aptly called for the floral design.

a school founded by Gropius in 1919, developing a form of training intended to relate art and
architecture to technology and the practical needs of human life.

The arrangement and design of windows in a building

Relating or conforming to technical architectural principles.
Rock-cut temples in India

A structural system consisting of trusses in two directions rigidly connected at their

intersections. A rectangular shape is formed where the top and bottom chords of the trusses
are directly above & below one another.

a type of timber framing in America about 1820s wherein it owes its strength to the walls,
roof acting as diaphragms, and not on the post. It is an extension of the roof.

A Chinese ceremonial gateway erected in memory of an eminent person

A dwarf tree which is a perfect reflection of Japanese culture

An elegant two storey, rectangular town house with a massive stone first floor, and a light
and airy second floor, mother-of-pearl or “capiz” windows and picturesque wide tile roof.
Entrance is of Heavy plank door with wrought iron or brass nails, sturdy balustrades of wood
or iron grilles below windows to let in cool air.

An open-roofed gallery in an upper storey built for giving a view of the scenery.

In Japan, a structure where the appreciation of the arts and flower arrangement, with
drinking ceremony is done
Intercolumniation is regulated by this standard of Japanese measurement, which is divided
into 20 parts called minutes and each minute being again divided into 20 parts or seconds of
space.
Cordillera one room house on four wooden posts with an animal or insect barrier and a
pyramidal roof Cogon grass built without nails

A house with a prow-like (front of ship) majestic roof, the polychrome, extravagant wooden
carvings derived from the Malay Mythical bird the “Sari Manok” The silken Muslim canopies
in the Interiors. The protruding ends of floor beams are decorated with intricate carvings

Lowlands area house with pithed roof, made of bamboo poles, thatch roof with woven slit
canes for walls and split bamboo slats flooring

Made of 0.75 m. thick stone of lime wall with thick thatched roof made of several layers of
cogon and held together by seasoned sticks or reeds and rattan to withstand fiercest
typhoons in the north

An arcade of roofed gallery built into or projecting from the side of a building particularly one
overlooking an open court. A covered balcony and walkway: a covered open-sided walkway,
often with arches, along one side of a building

Japanese dominant roofs characterized by their exquisite curvature, and are supported upon
a succession of simple or compound brackets. The upper part of the roof is terminated by a
gable placed vertically above the end walls, while the lower part of the main roof is carried
round the ends of the building in a hipped form.

Shinto temples (Shinto-Japanese religion) are characterized by this gateway formed by

upright posts supporting two or more horizontal beams
“Fool the eye” – are paintings adorning everything from cabinets to cupboards, fire screen to
dishwashers. This creates an illusion of space. A make-believe doorway for example extends
a hall. A glass cabinet or door is painted with cows and chicken and make-believe or create
an outdoor scene.

A house composed of natural materials. It is an eclectic and organic look that grows and
changes with antiques and a clutter of different collections, made of rough plaster, old
beams, wood framed windows and slate or brick floors. A house in the country: a large house
in the country, often with a large area of land attached

1930s modernist’s style of art inspired by mechanical forms and chiefly distinguished by
geometrical shapes, bold color schemes and symmetrical designs, suitable for mass
production
These are garden rooms.
patio (Spanish outdoor living or dining);VERANDAH (a porch or balcony for summer leisure);
LOGGIA
Turret(medieval) ; minaret (Islamic);steeple (church tower & spire)(term use for spire
crowned towers)

Pinnacle(highest point); fleche (a church spire); spire (tapering termination of a gothic church
tower); finial (a design at the top of a spire)

Boss (vaulted or flat); groin (vaulted only)

Quoins (just a corner stone) vs. squinch (structural arch to support a dome)

statue chamber
bldg that hold sculpture
bldg that holds painting
acropolis, sacred enclosure
coffer, ceiling
space bet naos wall and column
tholos passageway
sleeping room, megaron

(greatest example of Egyptian temple)

Great Sphinx at Gizeh

Senusurets- built the earliest known obelisk at Heliopolis
Amenemhat I- founded the great temple at Karnak
Thothmes I- began the additions to the temple of Amnon Karnak
Amenophis III- built the famous Colossi of Memnon
Rameses I- began the hypostyle hall at Karnak
Seti I- built the temple at Abu- Simber
Ptolemy II- built the pharos of Light House
Ptolemy III- founded the Great Seradeum at Alexandria

gateway to greek temple

largest
- geatest example of greek architecture
- archt. Ictinus
- master sculptor- Callicrates
- Doric temple
- naos- made of gold and ivory
- holds the statue of Athena

prototype Greek Thetre

- largest for 30,000 people

oldest & most important bldg in Rome

largest circus in Rome
largest forum in Rome
1. Temporary shelter from perishable materials
2. Caves
3. Rocks on top of each other
4. Hard-packed snow blocks
5. animal skins
1. Battered or sloping outside walls
2. Columns & Capitals from vegetable origins
3. Papyrus Buds, Lotus Flower walls of mud brick, thick & 9M high
4. Unbroken massive walls adorned with hieroglyphics
1. Abundance of clay-provided bricks
2. Roofs flat outside

3. Architecture was arcuated winged deity and winged human headed lion used as décor

4. Houses of one room, entered by a single door & without windows

1. Temple pyramids are approached by a single steep flight of steps.
2. Stone [finely dressed, carved, or laid as roughly dressed rubble] was employed for all
important buildings
1. Columnar & trabeated (have horizontal beams rather than archs)
2. Wooden roofs were untrussed
3. Ceilings sometimes omitted
4. optical illusions were corrected, in Greek Temples
5. Doric, Ionic, Corinthian [orders of columns]
1. The arch & the vault was developed
2. Two orders of architecture added [Tuscan & Composite]
3. Concrete is now used [composition of lime, sand, pozzolana & broken bricks or small
stones.
1. Widely Spaced Columns carrying semi-circular arches

2. Basilican Churches have 3 to 5 aisles, covered by a simple timber roof

3. Mosaic decoration added internally

4. separate buildings used for baptism or baptisteries

1. Novel development of the Dome to cover polygonal and square plans of churches

2. Tomb & baptisteries by means of “pendentives”

3. ‘Fresco” decoration using marble & mosaic
1. Bulbous or onion dome
2. Minarets
3. stalactite moulding
4. cresting: decorative roof ridge: an ornamental ridge on a roof
5. painted arch
1. Ribbed & panel, cross vaults;
2. plaster strips, arcades, rose windows,
3. Sober (serious/ not fanciful)& dignified style

4. Formal massing depends on the grouping of towers and the projection of transepts & choir.

1. Pointed arch
2. buttress, flying buttress
3. gargoyles, decorated vaulting
4. rose & lancet windows ploughshare twist
5. variety of open roofs (trussed, tie-beam, collar)
1. Rusticated masonry, (rough masonry)
2. Quoins, Balusters
3. domes or raised drums
4. pediments one within the other
5. rococo
6. baroque style
7. mansard roof
8. salon
1. Picturesque values
2. Reflected in the predilection (liking) for highly textured, colorful materials, asymmetry &
informality.
3. palazzo style was a triumph of national ecclesiasticism
4. New functions & techniques produced new forms
5. Taller buildings were designed due to concrete & cast iron frames.
6. New materials were used due to the effect of canals
7. Railroad systems, central heating & elevator or lift

1. Repetition of standard bays, both plan & elevation, an affinity (similarity) with bay system,
programmatically adopted with the introduction of iron construction

1. Neo-classic & Greek revival was followed

2. Baloon frame was introduced

3. The skyscraper was contributed related to metal frame construction

4. The non-load-bearing curtain wall & the elevator

1. Free-standing glass sheath suspended on a framework across the face of the building or
curtain wall.
2. Art Noveau and Bauhaus was developed

3. Enormous Spans unobstructed were at length achieved with concrete.

4. Steel is used in space-frame

1. Hindu worship is an individual act

2. Buddhist religious buildings or shrines took the form of STUPAS (Buddhist shrine or
pagoda), and are designed for congregational use.

3. Mouldings have BULBOUS character

4. The TORUS moulding is used
5. Various BAS reliefs depicting scenes of daily life and story of Buddha
6. The female form in its voluptuous (sensual) form is often used
1. Rock Temples, with square or octagonal pillars
2. A circular relic house (wata-dage) built in stone & brick is an outstanding architectural
creation.
3. Architecture of wood, with high pitched roofs, with wide eaves, slightly curved, finished
with small flat shingles and terra cotta tiles.
4. Windows with lacquered wood bars, carved timber doorways, ornamental metalwork door
furniture, painted walls.

1. Cupola Roofs (dome shaped roof or dome on roof), spanning with arched squinches, the
square chamber angles, lantern roof and coffered dome, an elaborate system of hexagon,
each containing the statue of Buddha

2. The “SIKHARA” & “PAGODA” temples survive.

3. A monumental pillar generally supporting a metal superstructure adorned with mystic

symbols, groups of divinities and portraits statuary of royalties.

4. Windows have intricate lattice screens and roof have red curved tiles, metal gutters and
projecting cornice and fancifully decorated with carving, embossing, tinkling bells and
hanging lamps.
5. The monastery is fortress-like sited on hill tops.

6. Pillars and beams are painted “yellow or red” and “painted silks” hang from the roof.

1.    Stepped Temple Pyramid, terraced on a hill

2.    Using stone without mortar fitted perfectly and numerous colossal towers

3.    Religious buildings overlaid with ornamentation of Chinese characters, surfaces often
finished with porcelain tile
4.    Walls are white stucco, (wall plaster)
5.    multi-leveled overlapping timber roofs
6.    Gables and bargeboard decorated with Hindu iconography.

7.    Doors and window shutters are of carved wood, lacquered in black and gold.

1. Roof ridges are laden with elaborate ornamental cresting and the up-tilted angles are
adorned with fantastic dragons and grotesque ornament.(distorted bizarre)

2. Roofs one on top of the other using S-shape enameled tiles.

3. Roof framing in “rectangle” and not triangle.
4. Use of bright colors
5. Column brackets are decorated with birds, flowers and dragons.

1. Light and delicate timber construction is refined by a minute carving & decoration

2. Dominant roofs characterized by their exquisite (beautiful/superb) curvature, supported by

a succession of brackets

3. Upper part of the roof is terminated by a gable placed vertically above the end walls
4. Rooms are regulated by a “KEN” Tatami mats.
5. Love of nature: using stone, lantern & bonsai.

1. Use of indigenous (natural) materials for houses like bamboo, palm leaves, sturdy wooden
posts, carved wooden sidings, cogon grass roof.

2. Spanish-style high-pitched roofs,

3. Capiz shell windows, barandillas, balconies,
4. Coconut shell & wood design.
5. Much use of galvanized iron sheet for roofing
1. Beehives,
2. huts,
3. caves,
4. tents,
5. Stonehenge, England
6. igloos
1. Sphinx,

2. Pyramids, Pyramid of King Zoser

Architect: Imhotep
 earliest pyramidal structure of the ancient world, the Step Pyramid (c.2630 BC) of King
Zoser at Saqqara, Egypt
 consist of six terraces of receding sizes with a one staba The Great Pyramid
 the Pyramid of Khufu is the largest in the world, measuring 230m (756 ft)

3. Obelisks,
4. Mastaba Tombs,
5. Great Temple,

6. Abu-Simbel,  dedicated chieftly to Re-Harakhti, God of the rising sun

 built during the reign of Ramses II (1304 – 1237 BC)

7. Temple of Luxor - or Southern Sanctuary at Luxor, Egypt, 18th dynasty king

 dedicated to Amon-Re, king of the Gods
 built of sandstone for the quarries of Gebel Silsila

7. Temple of Khons,
1. Ziggurat of Ur,
2. persepolis,
3. hall of the hundred columns
1. Temple Pyramid of the Sun,
2. Citadel Teotihuacan,
3. Temple of the Giant Jaguar,
4. Great Plaza of Tenochtitlan Machu Picchu, Peru
1. Acropolis,
2. Parthenon-temple, Architect: Itchinus and Callicrates with Phidias
Location: Athens, Greece
Style: Ancient Greek Doric
 on the historic Acropolis. Doric exemplar

Erectheum _ Architect: Mnesicles

Location: Athens, Greece
Style: Ancient Greek, Ionic
 has Caryatid Porch with figural columns. On the Acropolis, uses grade change.

3. Agora,

Epidaurus Theater
Architect: Polykleitos
Location: Epidauros, or Epidhavros, Greece
Style: Ancient Greek
 and the quality of its acoustics make the Epidaurus theatre one of the great architectural
achievements of the fourth century.
 the largest and best preserved ancient theaters in Greece.
 can accommodate 14,000 spectators.

4. ODEION theatre,
5. stoa, - ancient covered walkway, usually with a wall on one side and a row of columns at
the other
6. Mausoleum Sarcophagus,
7. open hillside theatres
1. The Pantheon
118 - 126
Architect: Acrippa
Location: Rome, Italy
Style: Ancient Roman
 great domed hall with oculus
oculus – a single circular opening
 one of the great spiritual buildings of the world
 it was built as a Roman temple and later consecrated as a Catholic Church
 revived the use of brick and concrete in temple Architecture

2. Forums,Trajan’s Forum
100 – 112
Architect: Apollodorus of Damascus
Location: Rome, Italy
Style: Roman
 composed of an arc of arched arcade
 most magnificent and architecturally most pleasing
 largest known forums

3. Basilicas
4. Thermae,
5. Amphitheatres,

6. Colosseum Coemeteria, Colosseum

70 – 82
Architect: Vespacian and Domitian
Location: Rome, Italy
Style: Ancient Roman
 three-quarter columns and entablatures, Doric in the first story, Ionic in the second, and
Corinthian in the third, face the three tiers of arcades
 largest Roman Amphitheater
 designed to hold 50,000 spectators
 had approximately eighty entrances so crowds could arrive and leave easily and quickly

7. Triumphal arch,
8. gateways,
9. aqueducts
1. Basilican Churches,
2. Baptisteries
1. St. Sophia, Constantinople
2. St. Mark, Venice
1. The great mosques,
2. Damascus & Cordoba,
3. Kiosk @ Istanbul
4. Taj mahal mausoleum @ Agra
5. Tomb of Humayun, Delhi
1. St, Zeno,
2. Maggiore Monastery,
3. Leaning Tower,
4. Cathedral & Baptistery of Pisa,
5. Castles, fortifications,
6. chateus, Manor houses
1. Notre Dame Cathedral,
2. Paris Canterbury Cathedral,
3. King’s College,
4. Canterbury Town Halls,
5. Skippers house @ Ghent
1. Palazzo Ricardi @ Florence,
2. St. Peter’s PIAZZA,
3. Cathedral Vatican,
4. Palais du louvre,
5. Paris Chateu Maisons,
6. St Paul’s Cathedral, London,
7. Guild Houses @ Brussels
1. Westminster New Palace (House of Parliament), London
2. Crystal Palace, London [???]
3. University Museum, Oxford
4. Red House, Kent
5. Cathedral @ Guildford
1. Eiffel tower, [???]
2. New louvre,
3. Paris Opera House,
4. Paris & cologne.
1. the White House
Architect: James Hoban
Location: Washington, D.C.
Date: 1793 to 1801, burned 1814, porticos 1824 to1829
Style: Georgian Neoclassical
 official residence of the president of the United States of America, for the last 200 years

2. Capitol of the United States

Architects: Thornton-Latrobe-Bulfinch
Location: Washington, D.C.
Date: 1793 to 1830
Style: Neoclassical
 meeting place of the U.S. Congress, the national assembly of the United States of
America, consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate

National Gallery of Art

Architect: John Russel Pope
 houses one of the finest collections of painting, sculptures, and graphic arts in the world

Washington Monument
Architect: Robert Mills
Location: Washington, D.C.
Style: Neo-Egyptian
 the obelisk is the only remnant of the original blue print that remains
 with George Marsh, competition 1836. standard Egyptian proportion of 10:1 height to base
Golden Gate Bridge
1933 to 1937
Architect: Joseph Strauss
Location: San Francisco, California
Building type: suspension bridge
Construction system: steel frame, steel cables
Styles: Structural Modern with some Art Deco details
 one of the longest bridge in the world
 a powerful and elegant human structure in an equally beautiful natural location
 overall bridge length of 9266 feet, or 2824 meters
 bridge main span length of 4200 feet, or 1280 meters

Saint Patrick’s Cathedral

Architect: James Renwick
Location: New York
 shaped like a Latin cross
 the largest Roman Catholic Cathedral in the United States
 designed in a Gothic Revival materials at English and French Gothic Style

3. Boston Empire State Building,

4. English Country Houses
5. Bungalows

The Louvre
1546 to 1878
Architect: Pierre Lescot
Location: Paris, France
Building type: palace, art museum
Construction system: cut stone bearing masonry
Style: French Renaissance
 also designed by Catherine de Medici, J.A. du Cerceau II, Claude Perrault, etc.
 I.M. Pei: design the glass pyramid, which serves as the main public entrance
Palais Royal
 commissioned by Cardinal Richeliev
 original name is Palais Cardinal
 17th century
 Daniel Buren: stripped columns

Arc de Triomphe
 Napoleon, the French emperor decided to build a very big arch of triumph, which stands at
the top of the Champs Elysees

Pompidou Centre
1972 to 1976
Architect: Richard Rogers and Renzo Piano
Location: Paris, France
Building Type: modern art museum
Construction system: high-tech steel and glass
Style: High-tech modern
 a cost of $100,000,000, with an average attendance of approximately seven million
people a year
 massive structural expressionist cast exoskeleton, "exterior" escalators enclosed in
transparent tube

Notre Dame de Paris

1163 to 1250
Architect: Maurice de Sully
Location: Paris, France
Building Type: church, cathedral
Construction system: bearing masonry, cut stone
Style: Early Gothic
 one of the most celebrated Gothic cathedrals in France
 twin towers marking the entrance
 probably the most famous image in French Gothic art
Paris Opera House
1857 to 1874
Architect: Charles Garnier
Location: Paris, France
Building type: theater, opera house
Construction system: masonry, cut stone
Style: Neo-Baroque
 polychrome façade, opulent staircase
 commission by competition
 masterpiece of 19th century architecture
 one of the largest and most opulent theaters in the world
 false ceiling painted by Marc Chagall

Elysee Palace
1718
Architect: Claude Mollet
 official residence of the president of France

Hotel de Invalides
 Napoleons tomb is within the structure
 founded by Louis XIV for disabled soldiers
 late 17th century

La Madeleine
Architect: Napoleon I
 church of Ste. Marie Madeleine
 constructed as a church in 1842
 surrounded by 52 Corinthian columns
Chartres Cathedral
1194 to 1260
Location: Chartres, France
Building type: cathedral
Construction system: bearing masonry
Style: Gothic exemplar
 the elevation was in three tiers as it had no gallery and the vaulting was quadripartite,
which eliminated the need for alternating supports
 supreme monument of High Gothic art and architecture

Rheims Cathedral
 one of the greatest monument of Gothic art and architecture
 construction commerced by Jean d’Orbais and was completed by Robert de Coucy
 a work of remarkable unity and harmony

Eiffel Tower
1887 to 1889
Architect: Gustave Eiffel
Location: Paris, France
Building Type: exposition observation tower
Construction system: exposed iron
Style: Victorian Structural Expressionist
 dominates the sky line of Paris
 one of the most famous landmarks in the world
 built for the Paris Exposition of 1889

Sorbonne
 most famous building at the University of Paris
British Museum
1823 to 1847
Architect: Sir Robert Smirke
Location: London, England
Building type: art and historical museum, library
Construction system: masonry, cut stone
Style: Victorian Ionic façade,
Classical Revival
 Includes one of the world's great library rooms. Glazed roof over restored courtyard by
Norman Foster

Salisbury Cathedral
1220 to 1258
Location: Salisbury, England
Building type: Cathedral (church, temple)
Construction system: bearing masonry, cut stone
Style: English Gothic
 Cathedral of Saint Mary
 an outstanding example of the Early English architectural style
 tallest in England 404ft (123m)
 use of Purbeck marble to create a strongly coloured

Queen’s House
1616 to 1635
Architect: Inigo Jones – the greatest of English Classical architect
Location: Greenwich, England
Building type: large house
Construction system: bearing masonry
Style: Palladian, Late English Renaissance
 was built by Jones for Anne of Denmark, wife of James I
Somerset House
1776 to 1786
Architect: William Chambers
Location: London, England
Building type: government offices and art school
Construction system: cut stone masonry
Style: Neoclassical
 Home of Royal Academy of the Arts. Corinthian orders above arched courtyard apertures,
rusticated base

Saint Paul’s Cathedral

1675 to 1710
Architect: Sir Christopher Wren
Location: London, England
Building type: church
Construction system: masonry, brick, timber and cut stone
Style: Late renaissance to Baroque
 the dome peaks at 366 feet above pavement
 a masterpiece of Baroque architecture
 largest cathedral in England

Chiswick House
1729
Architect: Lord Burlington
Location: Chiswick, England
Building type: large house
Construction system: bearing masonry
Style: Palladian
 also known as “Burlington House”
Westminster Palace
1836 to 1868
Architect: Sir Charles Barry
Location: London
Building type: seat of government, government center
Construction system: cut stone bearing masonry
Style: English Gothic Revival
 Big Ben: the clock tower best known is a great symbol of London
 originally seat of kings as a royal residence

Durham Cathedral
1093 to 1280
Location: Durham, England
Building type: church, cathedral
Construction system: bearing masonry, cut stone
Style: Romanesque
 one of the most impressive Norman Romanesque style in Europe
 had a reciprocal influence on the architecture of Normady
 the rib vault covering of Durham Cathedral is the oldest example that has survived

Glasgow School of Art

1897 to 1909
Architect: Charles Rennie Mackintosh
Location: Glasgow, England
Building type: college
Construction system: bearing masonry
Style: art and crafts, art nouveau

Buckingham Palace
Architect: sir George Goring
 built during the reign of king James I

1. Salginatobel Bridge,
2. Einstein Tower, Eirch Mendelsohn
3. Chapel of Notre Dame, Le Corbusier
4. Johnson Wax Building, Frank Lloyd Wright
5. Falling Water, Frank Lloyd Wright
6. Dulles International Airport, Eero saarinen
7. Guggenheim Museum, Frank Lloyd wright
8. Sydney opera House, Jorn Utzon
9. Geodesic dome, Buckminster Fuller

Temple of Heaven
Location: China
 700 acre enclosure built by the Ming Dynasty emperor Yongle (Yung-Io)
 means “Perpetual Help”

Hagia Sofia
532 to 537
Architect: Isidoros and Anthemios
Location: Istanbul, Turkey
Building type: church
Construction system: bearing masonry
Style: Byzantine
 a tremendous domed space
 built as the new Cathedral of Constantinople by the Emperor Justinian
 a masterpiece of Byzantine architecture
 additional minarets when the church became a mosque

Cathedral of Siena
Location: Southern Italy
 incorporated Gothic elements in a strongly Mediterranean design

Pisa Cathedral
103 to 1350
Location: Pisa, Italy
Building type: church complex
Construction system: bearing masonry, cut stone, white marble
Style: Romanesque
 "Pisa Cathedral with Baptistery, Campanile and Campo Santo, together form one of the
most famous building groups in the world
 the cathedral complex includes the famous Leaning Tower, La Torre Pendente
 white marble with colonnaded facades
Florence Cathedral
1296 to 1462
Architect: Arnolfo di Cambio
Location: Florence, Italy
Building type: domed church, cathedral
Construction system: bearing masonry
Style: Italian Romanesque
 1296: Cathedral begun on design by Arnolfo di Cambio
 1357: Project continued on a modified plan by Francesco Talenti
 1366-7: Talenti's definitive design emerged calling for an enormous octagonal dome
 1418: competition for construction of dome.
 1420: technical solution for vaulting proposed by Brunelleschi approved and construction
begun
 The Duomo – dome added by Brunelleschi
 1436— church consecrated

Krak des Chevaliers

1150 to 1250
Location: Syria
Building type: fort
Style: Medieval
 crusader castle
 the best preserved and most wholly admirable castle in the world

Alhambra
1338 to 1390
Location: Granada, Spain
Building type: palace
Construction system: bearing masonry
Style: Moorish (Islamic)
 palace of Nasrid Dynasty
 the most beautiful remaining example of Western Islamic Architecture
 built as a cathedral in the mid-1200’s
 “hall of justice”: noted from its elaborate stalactite (maqarnas) decoration
Casa Batllo
1905 to 1907
Architect: Antonio Gaudi
Location: Barcelona, Spain
Building type: apartment building
Construction system: concrete
Style: Expressionist or Art Nouveau
 uses animal styles al through-out the structure

Casa Mila
1905 to 1910
Architect: Antonio Gaudi
Location: Barcelona, Spain
Building type: multifamily housing
Construction system: masonry and concrete
Style: Art Nouveau
 expressionistic, fantastic, organic forms in undulating facade and roof line
 light court
 it could be compared with the steep cliff walls in which African tribes build their cave-like
dwellings

Sagrada Familia
1882 to 1926
Architect: Antonio Gaudi
Location: Barcelona, Spain
Building type: church
Construction system: masonry
Style: Expressionist
 Church of the Holy Family
 uncompleted during Gaudi’s lifetime
 crowned by four spires
Taj Mahal
1630 to 1653
Architect: Emperor Shah Jahan
Location: Agra, India
Building type: Islamic tomb
Construction system: bearing masonry, inlaid marble
Style: Islamic
 onion-shape domes, flanking towers, built for wife Mumatz Mahal
 located on the Jumna River
 museum for Mogul emperor’s consort

“shrine of freedom”, designed by Father Antonio Cedeno, with Diego Jordan as engineer

famous walled city within a city; seven gates; completed 1872; made of bricks and hard
adobe from the Pasig River quarries; wall are 45 ft thick and rise 25 ft above the moat;
structures inside the city include:
1. roofs at 45 degrees gradient or less
2. use of bricks, limestone, hardwood, capiz shells (G.I. sheets and clay tiles or “tisa” were
imported)
3. elaborate lace-like grillwork (1870’s)
4. transoms with floral and foliate scroll work (1890’s)
5. 1890’s Art Nouveau brought swirling vines and flowers for staircase balustrades, etched or
colored glass panels replaced capiz
6. emergence of Filipino and foreign architects working in the Philippines
a. FELIX ROXAS – first Filipino architect; served as architect to the Manila government;
studied in England and Spain
b. JUAN HERVAS – a Catalan who was one of the Spanish architects invited to reconstruct
Manila after the earthquake of 1863 and 1880
7. churches
a. Sto. Domingo Church, Intramuros
b. San Ignacio, Intramuros – first church designed by a Filipino architect
c. San Sebastian Church, Manila – only Gothic church in the Philippines
8. brides
a. Fuente de Espana – first bridge to span the Pasig River linking Intramuros and Binondo
b. Colgante Bridge – suspension bridge; only for pedestrians; framework of iron imported
from England
1. a “regime” of reinforced concrete and galvanized iron
2. Neo-Classical styles
3. DANIEL BURNHAM – commissioned by Gov. General W.H. Taft to draft the Master Plan for
Manila and government buildings (Agri-Finance Building, Senate Building, among others)
4. MASTER BUILDERS (“maestro de obras”) acquired title either from practical experience or
completed academic training of Master Builder’s course
5. LICEO DE MANILA – first school to open three year course in architecture
6. TOMAS MAPUA – first licensed architect; established the second school (followed by UST
and Adamson)
7. MASONIC TEMPLE, Escolta – first multi-storey reinforced concrete building in the
Philippines
8. CHALET – suburban house; simple design with verandah in front or around the house;
middle-class
9. 1930’s – continued urban development; emergence of multi-storey, multi-family dwellings
and commercial structures; distinct simplification of lines, emphasis on verticality; other
architects contradicted the trend by putting horizontal strips of glass window

- mediocre design, uncontrolled and hasty rebuilding only resurrected old designs
- commercial building drew inspiration from contemporary architecture in the West
- development of community planning
- BUNGALOW – introduced in 1948; one-storey house with wide picture windows, a lanai and
a carport for up to three cars
- modern architecture with a renewed interest in Filipino motifs
a. use of pointed roofs, lattices, screens, wood carvings
b. architecture of LEANDRO LOCSIN and FRANCISCO MANOSA
Movement in 20th Century, art that represented the revolutionary effort of young Italian
Concrete, steel and glass
Advocators: Jim Slade and Robert Colley.
an architects.
The architecture of reinforced concrete iron and glass.
Calculation of audacity and simplicity
Capable of expressing “tangible miracles.”
Inspired by Filippo Tommaso Marinetti.

Cubist style developed in Germany and Austria (1900s).CHARACTERISTICS:

Devoid of ornamentation
Symmetrical/Assymetrical plans
Overlapping & intersecting 2-dimensional planes that enclose 3-dimensional space.
Pure color like white & grey of exterior walls.
Distribution of wall to window space is approximately equal.

Sought for solutions for alternative cheap forms of construction in timber, brick & metal.
Initiated by British (pre-fab. Architecture)
A design of something Auspicious.
Other definitions:
Refers to low-cost housing
Pre-Fabricated unit

Non-representational style of art w/c uses modern industrial materials: plastic & glass.
Ideal abstract art movement arose in Europe & Russia (1913-1920)
Based on the idea: Art is an absolute entity, whose origin lie in the mind & whose forms are
unrelated to objects of visible world.
Concept of art: includes painting & sculpture.
Out view in w/c the major activities or environmental factor was employed in the structure in
a non-intellectual manner.
CHARACTERISTICS:
Continuity of forms rather than proportionality and geometric terms/means.
Tendency to avoid rectangular forms.
Tends to individual sensibility.

, first built in the 13th century and reconstructed in 1906–1909, is the largest clay building in
the world.

developed the first safe passenger elevator. In addition to this, was the development of
techniques for manufacturing rolled steel
architecture OF THE borrowing and OF free selection

movement for aesthetic and moral crusade

- escape FROM THE Industrial World
- John Ruskin(1819-1900) and William Morris(1834-1896) were THE key figures

In Egyptian architecture, the tomb of the pharaohs is the.

The great pyramid at Gizeh was built during the 4th dynasty by.

The beginner of the great hypostyle hall at karnak and the founder of the 19th dynasty.

The mineral of greatest importance to Greek architecture of which Greece and her domains
had ample supply of was.

Greek architecture was essentially.

Forming the imposing entrance to the acropolis and erected by the architect Mnesicles

The building in the acropolis generally considered as being the most nearly perfect building
ever erected is the.
With the use of concrete made possible by pozzolan, a native natural cement, the Romans
achieved huge interiors with the.

Which of the order was added by the Romans to the orders used by the Greeks.

From the 5th century to the present, the character of Byzantine architecture is the practice
of using.

The finest and remaining example of Byzantine architecture.

The architectural character of the Romanesque architecture is.

Romanesque architecture in Italy is distinguished from that of the rest of Europe by the use
of what material for facing walls.

The most famous and perfect preservation of all ancient buildings in Rome.

The space between the colonnade and the naos wall in Greek temple.

Amphitheaters are used for ___.

An ancient Greek Portico, a long colonnaded shelter used in public places.

The fortified high area or citadel of an ancient Greek City.

An upright ornament at the eaves of a tile roof, concealing the foot of a row of convex tiles
that cover the joints of the flat tiles.
Strictly, a pedestal at the corners or peak of a roof to support an ornament, more usually, the
ornament itself.
Also called a 'Honeysuckle' ornament.

In ancient Greece and Rome, a storeroom of any kind, but especially for storing wine.

The characteristic of Greek ornament.

The use of ___ for facing walls distinguishes Romanesque architecture in Italy from that of the
rest of Europe.
The outstanding group of Romanesque is found in ___.
The dining hall in a monastery, a convent, or a college.
The architecture of the curved line is known as ___.
The open court in an Italian palazzo.

The ornamental pattern work in stone, filling the upper part of a Gothic window.

Japanese tea house.

A Muslim temple, a mosque for public worship, also known as place for prostration.

Domical mound containing a relic.

Ifugao house (southern strain).

In Mesopotamian architecture, religion called for temples made of sun-dried bricks.

The style of the order with massive and tapering columns resting on a base of 3 steps.

Tomb of the pharaohs.

Earthen burial mounds containing upright and lintel stones forming chambers for
consecutive burials for several to a hundred persons.
A semi-circular or semi-polygonal space, usually in church, terminating in axis and intended
to house an altar.

Temples in Greece that have a double line of columns surrounding the naos.

Senate house for chief dignitaries in Greek architecture

Architect of the Einstein Tower.

Founder of the Bauhaus School of Art.

What architectural term is termed to be free from any historical style?
From what architecture is the Angkor Vat?
The architect of Chrysler building in N.Y.
Another term for crenel or intervals between merlon of a battlement.
Taj Mahal temple is located in ___.

In the middle kingdom, in Egyptian architecture, who consolidate the administrative system,
made a survey of the country, set boundaries to the provinces, and other helpful works.

Who erected the earliest known obelisk at Heliopolis.

Jubilee festivals of the pharaohs.
The world's first large-scale monument in stone.
The highest sloped pyramid in Gizeh
A vault created when two barrel vaults intersect at the right angles.
Sarimanok is a décor reflecting the culture of the ___.
Caryatid porch is from what architecture?
Female statues with baskets serving as columns.
A small tower usually corbelled at the corner of the castle.
A hall built in Roman Empire for the administration of justice.
The Parthenon is from what architecture.

A roof in which 4 faces rests diagonally between the gables and converge at the roof.

A compound bracket or capital in Japanese architecture.

A concave molding approximately quarter round.

Architect of Iglesia ni Cristo.

A Filipino architect whose philosophy is 'the structure must be well oriented'.

What is not required as a feature in modern Muslim mosque.

Architect of Robinson's Galleria

Major contribution of the Renaissance Architecture.

"A house is like a flower pot"

Richly carved coffins of Greece and Mesopotamia.

King Zoser's architect who was deified in the 26th dynasty.
The council house in Greece.

Elizabethan Architecture is from what architecture.

Art Noveau style first appeared in what structure.

A faced without columns or pilaster in renaissance architecture.

Art Noveau is known as the international style, in Germany it is known as ___.

Less is more.

First school which offered architecture in the Philippines.

Embrasures.
Formal architecture, one of the principles of composition.
Different historical styles combined.
Architect of TWA airport.
The falling water by Frank Lloyd Wright is also known as ___.
First president and founder of PAS.
"Modern architecture need not be western".
Architect of the national library, Philippines.
The xerxes hall of hundred columns was introduced during the Mesopotamian architecture,
which palace was it used.

Taj Mahal is a building example of what architecture.

The convex projecting molding of eccentric curve supporting the abacus of a Doric capital.

Pantiles used for Chinese roofings.

Greek equivalent of the Roman forum, a place of open air assembly or market.

A slight vertical curvature in the shaft of a column.

The very ornate style of architecture developed in the later renaissance period.
A multi-storied shrine like towers, originally a Buddhist monument of diminishing size with
corbelled cornice and moldings.
"cubicula" or bedroom is from what architecture.

From the Greek forms of temple, the three where it lies is known as ___.

From the Greek temples, a temple that have porticoes of columns at the front and rear.

Memorial monuments of persons buried elsewhere in Roman architecture.

The three pyramids in Gizeh

The cistern storage of collected rainwater underneath the azotea of the bahay na bato.

A shallow cistern or drain area in the center of a house.

In Greek temples, the equivalent of the crypt is the ___.
The tomb beneath a church.
A raised stage reserved for the clergy in early Christian churches.

A decorative bracket usually taking the form of a cyma reversa strap.

Semi-palatial house surrounded by an open site.

A roman house with a central patio.
Revival of classical Roman style

The style emerging in western Europe in the early 11th century, based on Roman and
Byzantine elements, and powerful vaults, and lasting until the advent of Gothic
architecture.characterized by massive articulated wall structures, round arches,

Architect and furniture designer.

First registered architect in the Philippines.
The public square of imperial Rome.
Architect of Manila Hilton Hotel.

Finest example of French-Gothic architecture

How many stained glass are there in the Chartres Cathedral?

Agora is from what architecture?
Sacred artificial mountains of Babylon and Assyria.

A plant whose leaves form the lower portions of the Corinthian capital.

Structure of wedge-shaped blocks over an opening.

The space between the sloping roof over the aisle and the aisle vaulting, so also called a
blind story.

A windowed wall that rises above the roof of adjacent walls that admit light into the interior.

A standard, usually of length, by which the proportions of a building are determined.

The triangular or segmental space enclosed by a pediment or arch.

A line of counterthrusting arches on columns or piers.
In the classical order, the lowest part or member of the entablature; the beam that spans
from column to column.

In classical architecture, the elaborated beam member carried by the columns.

Parts of an entablature, in order of top to bottom.

Plan shape of a Chinese pagoda.

Usual number of stories for a Chinese pagoda.

A special feature of Japanese houses, used to display a flower arrangement or art.

Plan shape of a Japanese pagoda.

The most famous structure of Byzantine architecture and notable of its large dome.

Triangular piece of wall above the entablature.

A spherical triangle forming the transition from the circular plan of a dome to the polygonal
plan of its supporting structure.
A long arcaded entrance porch in an early Christian church.
The principal or central part of a church, extending from the narthex to the choir or chancel
and usually flanked by aisles.
The covered walk of an atrium.

A basin for ritual cleansing with water in the atrium of an early Christian basilica.

A large apsidal extension of the interior volume of a church.

An ornamental canopy of stone or marble permanently place over the altar in a church.

A decorative niche often topped with a canopy and housing a statue.

A recess in a wall to contain a statue or other small items.

A tower in the Muslim Mosque used to call people to prayer.
Coffers, sunken panels in the ceiling.
The Buddhist temple in ancient Cambodia which feature four faces of the compassionate
Buddha.

A term given to the mixture of Christian, Spanish, and Muslim 12th-16th century

architecture.

Projecting blocks of stone carved with foliage, typical in Gothic architecture.

A slab forming the crowning member of the capital.

The crowning member of a column.
A rectangular or square slab supporting the column at the base.
A low screen wall enclosing the choir in early Christian church.
The cold section of a Roman Bath.

This church in the Philippines is the seat of the Malolos Congress.

The palace proper in Assyrian palaces.

Holy mountains.
Architect of the famous propylaea, Acropolis.
Private family apartments in Assyrian palaces.

The most stupendous and impressive of the rock-cut-temples.

The four-seated colossal statues of Rameses II is carved in the pylon of the ___.

Favorite motifs of design of the Egyptians.

Two main classes of temples in Egyptian Architecture.

Egyptian temples for ministrations to deified pharaohs.

Structure whose corners are made to face the four cardinal points.
Structure whose sides are made to face the four cardinal points.

Egyptian temples for the popular worship of the ancient and the mysterious gods.

The use of monsters in doorways is prevalent in what architecture?

The Greek male statues used as columns.
A recessed or alcove with raised seats where disputes took place.
A single line of columns surrounding the Naos.
The uppermost step in the crepidoma.
The lowest step in the crepidoma.
A building in Greek and Roman for exercises or physical activities.
The three chamber of a Greek temple.

A Greek building that contains painted pictures.

Temple with a portico of columns arranged in front.

The clear space in between columns.

Intercolumniation of 2.25 diameters.

Intercolumniation of 4 diameters.
Intercolumniation of 2 diameters.
Pycnostyle intercolumniation has how many diameters?
Diastyle intercolumniation has how many diameters.
A kindred type to the theater.
Roman building which is a prototype of the hippodrome of the Greek.
Roman building for which gladiatorial battles took place.
What sporting event takes place in the Palaestra?
A foot race course in the cities.
A temple with 1-4 columns arranged between antae at the front.

A temple with 1-4 columns arranged between antae at the front and rear.

In Greek, it is the Roman prototype of the Thermae.

Greek order that has no base.
The most beautiful and best preserved of the Greek theaters.

What orders did the Etruscans and the Romans add making 5 in all?

What allowed the Romans to build vaults of a magnitude never equaled till the birth of steel
for buildings.
The finest of all illustrations of Roman construction.
The oldest and most important forum in Rome.
Who commenced the 'hall of hundred columns'?
Who completed the 'hall of hundred columns'?

Architects of the Parthenon.

Master sculptor of the Parthenon.

In Roman fountains, the large basin of water.
Spouting jets in Roman fountain.
The oldest circus in Rome.
The colosseum in Rome also known as the "flavian amphitheater" was commenced by whom
and completed by whom?
Architect of the Erechtheion.
A water clock or an instrument for measuring time by the use of water.

The finest of Greek Tombs, also known as the 'tomb of Agamemnon'.

Architect of the Temple of Zeus, Agrigentum

Architect of the Temples of Zeus, Olympia.
Roman architect of the Greek Temples of Zeus, Olympius.
Both the regula and the mutule has guttae numbering a total of ___.
A quadrigas is a ___.
The water-leaf and tongue is a usual ornament found in the ___.
The Corona is usually painted with the ___.

Greek sculptures may be classified as "architectural sculpture, free standing statuary,

One of the best examples of a surviving megaron type of Greek domestic building.

The molding that is often found in the Doric Order.

The wall or colonnade enclosing the Temenos
The private house of the Romans.
Roman rectangular temples stood on a ___.
Roman large square tiles.
A type of Roman wall facing with alternating courses of brickworks.
A type of Roman wall facing which is made of small stone laid in a loose pattern roughly
resembling polygonal work.

A type of Roman wall facing with a net-like effect.

A type of roman wall facing with rectangular block with or without mortar joints.

A Roman structure used as hall of justice and commercial exchanges.

A type of monument erected to support a tripod, as a prize for athletic exercises or

musical competitions in Greek festivals.

A type of ornament in classic or renaissance architecture consisting of an assemblage of

straight lines intersecting at right angles, and of various patterns.

Figures of which the upper parts alone are carved, the rest running into a parallelopiped or
diminishing pedestal.
Marble mosaic pattern used on ceilings of vaults and domes.
Conceptualized the Corinthian capital.
The sleeping room of the 'megaron'.
The origin of the door architrave.

The atrium type of house originated with the ___.

Roman apartment blocks.
A building in classic architecture decorated with flowers and plants with water for the
purpose of relaxation.
!5th to 18th century architecture.
"Form follows function".

The dominating personality who became an ardent disciple of the Italian renaissance

A pillared hall in which the roofs rests on the column in Egyptian temples.

Who began the building of the Great Hypostyle Hall at Karnak?

Architect of the Great Serapeum at Alexandria.

He created the Dymaxion House, "the first machine for living".

Tombs built for the Egyptian nobility rather than the royalty.

Architect of the Lung Center of the Philippines.

The warm room in the Thermae.
The Hot room of the Thermae.
The cold or unheated pool in the Thermae.
The dry or sweating room in the Thermae.
The dressing room of the Thermae.
The room for oils and unguents in the thermae.
Orientation of the Roman temple is towards the ___.
Orientation of the Greek temple is towards the ___.
Orientation of the Etruscan temple is towards the ___.
Orientation of the Medieval Church.
The space for the clergy and choir is separated by a low screen wall from the body of the
church called ___.

On either side of the choir, pulpits for the reading of the epistle and the gospel are

In some churches, there is a part which is raised as part of the sanctuary which later
developed into the transept, this is the ___.

In early Christian churches, the bishop took the central place at the end of the church

The iconoclastic movement during the Byzantine period forbade the use of ___.
Type of plan of the Byzantine churches.

Architects of the Hagia Sophia. (St. Sophia, Constantinople)

The supreme monument of Byzantine architecture.

Smallest cathedral in the world. (Byzantine period)

One of the few churches of its type to have survived having a square nave and without

cross-arms, roofed by a dome which spans to the outer walls of the building.

A tower raised above a roof pierced to admit light.

the covered passage around an open space or garth, connecting the church to the chapter

house, refectory and other parts of the monastery.

The prominent feature of the facades in Romanesque Central Italy.

The best example of a German Romanesque church with apses at both east and west

The term applied to the Episcopal church of the diocese and also the important structure of
the Gothic period.
The first plan shape of the St. Peter's Basilica by Bramante.
The final plan shape of the St. Peter's Basilica by Carlo Maderna.
He erected the entrance Piazza at St. Peter's Basilica.
Used as food storage in the Bahay na Bato.
The granary in traditional Bontoc House.
Architect of the World Trade Center.
The Erechtheion of Mnesicles is from what architecture?
The part of the Corinthian capital without flower.
The Pantheon is from what architecture.
The architect of the Pantheon.
The senate house of the Greeks.

Architect of the Bi-Nuclear House, the H-Plan.

Mexican Architect/Engineer who introduced thin shell construction.

In the Doric Order, the shaft terminates in the ___.

In what Order is the Parthenon.
In what Order is the temple of Nike Apteros, Athens.
This temple is dedicated to 'Wingless Victory'.

This structure in Greece was erected by Andronikos Cyrrhestes for measuring time by means
of a clepsydra internally and sun dial externally.

In the Cyma Reversa molding of the Romans, what ornaments are usually found?

From what architecture is the Stoa?

The Egyptian Ornament symbolizing fertility.

Egyptian Temple for popular worship of the ancient and mysterious gods.

A small private bath found in Roman houses or palaces.

Corresponds to the Greek naos.
The large element in the frieze.
"A is a machine to live in".
Architect of the Chicago Tribune Tower.

"Architecture is Organic".

Invented reinforced concrete in France.

First elected U.A.P. president.
Designer of the Bonifacio Monument.

Sculptor for the Bonifacio Monument.

Designer of the Taj Mahal.

Male counterpart of the Caryatids.

Like Caryatids and Atlantes, this is a three-quarter length figures.

This is a pedestal with human, animal, or mythological creatures at the top.

A small payer house in Egyptian architecture.

Where "Constructivism" originated?

Expressionist Architect.

Founders of the "Art Noveau".

Combination of the new art and the graphing of the old art.
Return in the use of Roman Orders in modern age.
Scheme or solution of a problem in architecture.
Architect of the Batasang Pambansa.
Architect of the Philippine Heart Center.
Architect of the Rizal Memorial Stadium.
The architect of the Quiapo Church before its restoration.

Built by the Franciscan priest Fr. Blas dela Madre, this church in Rizal whose design depicts
the heavy influence of Spanish Baroque, was declared a national treasure.

This church, 1st built by the Augustinian Fr. Miguel Murguia, has an unusually large bell which
was made from approximately 70 sacks of coins donated by the towns people.

Architect of SM Megamall.

Central Bank of the Philippines, Manila.

G.S.I.S. Building, Roxas Boulevard.
The tower atop the torogan where the princess and her ladies in waiting hide during
occasions.

Found in the ground floor of the bahay na bato, it is where the carriages and floats are kept.

The emergency hideout found directly behind the neadboard of the Sultan's bed.

The flat, open terrace open to the toilet, bath, and kitchen areas and also used as a laundry
and drying space and service area for the servants.

In the kitchen of the bahay kubo, the table on top of which is the river stone, shoe-shaped
stove or kalan is known as ___.
“Form follows function”
“Form does not necessarily follow function”
“Art and Architecture, the new unity”

“A house is a house”

“Cube within a cube”

“A bridge is like a house”

“Less is more”

Ornament is a crime

Less is more only when more is too much

FUNCTION INFLUENCE BUT DOES NOT DICTATE FORM

MODERN ARCHITECTURE NEED NOT BE WESTERN
RCHITECTURE MUST MEET 3 REQUIREMENTS: STENGTH, BEAUTY, UNITY

 Formulated “Cubism and Futurism

Less is Bore / “Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture”

The reality of the building does not consist in the roof and walls, but in the space within to be
lived in
LEVER HOUSE - was one of the earliest steel and glass office towers and the first such tower
in New York City.
CHRYSLER BUILDING, NY

GEODESIC DOME

SYDNEY OPERA HOUSE

SOLOMON GUGGENHEIM MUSEUM

PARLIAMENT BUILDINGS, BRAZIL

BAUHAUS BLDG, GERMANY

EINSTEIN TOWER
CHAPEL OF NOTRE DAME
CULTURAL CENTER OF THE PHILIPPINES

TAHANANG FILIPINO/ COCONUT PALACE

ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES

SAN MIGUEL CORP. BUILDING
BANK OF CHINA, HK
TWA KENNEDY AIRPORT, NY
AT&T BLDG, NY
Casa Batllo, Barcelona Spain
Crystal Palace, England
Glass House, New Caanan, Connecticut

Notre Dame Cathedral, Paris France - OLDEST CATHEDRAL IN FRANCE-EARLY GOTHIC

Sagrada Familia, Spain

John Hancock Center, Chicago Illinois

Woolworth Building, NY

Price Tower, Oklahoma

St.Basil Cathedral, Russia
Notre Dame du Haut or Ronchamp, France
Italian architect
Member of Bauhaus
Popularized the Tubular steel cantilever chair

German-American architect, the leading and most influential exponent of the glass and steel
architecture of the 20th-century International Style.
Skin and bone construction.

American architect, born in Cleveland, Ohio, and educated at Harvard University in the
classics and later in architecture
The architect who equated with an exhibition of modern architecture (1932)
Invented the ‘International Style’
Father figure of ‘Post Modernism.’
INTERNATIONAL STYLE
Volume rather than mass.
Regularity rather than axial symmetry
Prescribing arbitrarily applied decorations.
WORKS:
Glass hose, Connecticut
Seagram Building, N.Y. (w/Mies Van Der Rohe)
Theatre of the Dance, Lincoln Center
Williams Proctor Museum, N.Y.
Art Gallery for the University of Nebraska
Ammon Corter Museum, Texas
AT&T Building N.Y.
professional name of Charles Édouard Jeanneret (1887-1965), Swiss-French architect,
painter, and writer, who had a major effect on the development of modern architecture.
PHILOSOPHY:
“ The house is a machine to live in.”
WORKS:
Palace of the League of Nations, Geneva (1927-1928)
The Swiss Building at the Cité Universitaire, Paris (1931-1932);
Unité d'Habitation (1946-1952)
an apartment house in Marseille, France;
Notre Dame du Haut (1950-1955)
a pilgrimage church in Ronchamp, France
High Court Buildings (1952-1956) Chandìgarh, India

Kahn, Louis I(sadore) (1901-1974),

American architect and teacher, whose original, powerful designs in brick and concrete won
him a prominent place in 20th-century architecture.
Highly ordered sequence of space & noble structural systems.

PHILOSOPHY:

“ Searching for a materials want to be.”

WORKS:
Yale Art Gallery w/ Douglas Orr
Alfred Newton Richard’s Medical Center
French architect, one of the most important pioneers of the modern French style.
Advocator of reinforced concrete architecture.
THEORIES:
“ The truth is indispensable in architecture & every architecture lie courrupts.”
“ Any project is bad if it is more difficult or more complicated to construct the necessary.”
WORKS:
The Temple Tower 1889, Exposition Universale in Paris
The Apartment Building Rue FranklinFrench Legation, Istanbul
Theatre Des Champs, Lysees
- redesigning, original by Van del Velde
Notre Dame Church, Paris
Palace of the League of Nations, Geneva
Eiffel Monument, Paris
Palace of the Soviets, Moscow

American architect, who was a pioneer of the modern style. He is considered one of the
greatest figures in 20th-century architecture.
Finnish-American architect and designer, son of Eliel Saarinen and one of the leading
architects of the mid-20th century.
PHILOSOPHIES:
“ Function influences but does not dictate form.”
“Spiritual function is inseparable from practical function.”
“Architecture is not just to fulfill man’s belief in the nobility of his exsistence on earth.”
WORKS:
Saint Louis Jefferson National Expansion Memorial
The General Motors Technical Center, Warren Michigan:1948-1956
Air Force Acadaemy
U.S. Embassy in London
The Chapel & Kresge Auditorium, Massachussetts Institute of Technology
T.W.A. Terminal, Kennedy Terminal, N.Y.
- In a for m of bird about to fly.
T.J. Watson Research Center, York Town, N.Y.
The Chapel of Concordia Senior College.
Gateway Arch, St. Louis

Finnish-American architect, who strongly influenced modern architecture.

Popular w/ railway station designs especially in Europe.
2nd place in the Chicago Tribune Tower

PHILOSOPHY:
“ Beauty grows from the necessity not from repetition of formulas.”

WORKS:
Cranbook School, Michigan
Christ Church, Minneapolis
Helsinki Railroad Station, Finland
National Museum Finland
 Italian architect and engineer, whose technical innovations, particularly in the use of
reinforced concrete, made possible aesthetically pleasing solutions to difficult structural
problems.
Discovered “ferro-cemento”
- consist of layers of fine steel mesh sprayed w/ cement mortar & it could be used either for
shell construction or for heavier units w/ reinforcing rods inserted between the layers of
mortar & mesh.
WORKS:
Municipal Stadium Florence
Fiat Factory, Turin
Italian Embassy, Brazilia
Papal Audience Hall, Vatican City
Australian Embassy, Paris

American architect and teacher, one of the most influential architectural theorists of the late
20th century.
PHILOSOPHIES:
“ We promote an architecture responsive to the complexities and contradictions of the
modern experience. The particularities of context, the varieties of the user’s taste; Culture &
the symbolic & decorative dictates of the program.”
“ Less is Bore”
“More is More”
“ Modern movement was almost right”
WORKS:
Walker & Dunlop Office Building
Transportation Square, Washington
Master Plan & Uraban Design of California City
Convention Center, Conversion plan Canada
West Mount Airy Clustered Housing Plan
Philadelphia
 Japanese architect, the most prominent modern architect of the country. In his designs for
public buildings, has reconciled 20th-century Western styles and materials with traditional
Japanese forms.
Furyu
Anti realist attitude, anti action element in the Japanese life.
PHILOSOPHIES:
“ Modern Architecture need not be Western.”
“ The city must be subjected to growth, decay and renewal.”

House of Michealerplatz, Vienna

Sanatorio di Paimo, Finland

Notre Dame du Raincy, France

Sagrada de Familia

US Capitol, Washington DC

Glasgow School of Art

Petronas Towers, Kuala Lumpur

Flatiron Building, NY

Jewish Museum, Berlin

TWA Terminal

Helsinki Railway Station

Los Manantiales, Mexico

Jay Pritzker Pavilion, USA

Taliesin West, Arizona

Munich Olympic Stadium

Tokyo, Japan

Eiffel Tower, Paris

Bank of China, Hong Kong

Sydney Opera House

Chrystal Palace

Fuji TV Headquarters

Auditorium Building, Chicago

Salk Institute, California

Unite d’ Habitacion, France

Catedral de Brasilia

Seagram Building

Portland Building, Oregon

Habitat 67, Montreal

London City Hall

At & T Building, NY

Lippo Building , Hong Kong

Red House, England

Max Reinhardt House, Germany

Turin Exhibition Hall

Tjibao Cultural Center, New Caledonia

Jubilee Church, Rome

CCTV China

Saginatobel Bridge

El Auditorio de Tenerife

Church of the Light, Osaka

CHRYSLER BUILDING, NY
UN Building

Allianz Arena

Lloyds Building, London

Torre Agbar

DULLES AIRPORT VIRGINIA, USA

THE ESPLANADE Singapore

DUBAI BURJ-AL-ARAB

HSBC Hongkong

JIN MAO TOWER Shanghai - Number of floors: 88

Height: 420.60 meters
 design most refer to the number 8, an auspicious number for Chinese

WORLD TRADE CENTER New York

TAIPEI 101 TAIPEI,TAIWAN

GUGGENHEIM MUSEUM Bilbao,Spain

GUGGENHEIM MUSEUM New York

John Hancock Center Chicago

PETRONAS TWIN TOWER KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA - Number of floors: 88

Height: 452 meters

THE LOUVRE

CITIC PLAZA Guangzhou, China

EMPIRE STATE BUILDING New York

CENTRAL PLAZA Hong Kong

SEARS TOWER Chicago

Two International Finance Centre Hong Kong

Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Cleveland, Ohio

SHUN HING SQUARE Shenzhen, China

East Building, National Gallery of Art 1978 Washington, D.C.

EGLIS STE. GENEVIEVE (THE PANTHEON (1755-1792) PARIS FRANCE

ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL, LONDON (1675-1710

ROYAL CRESCENT, BATH ENGLAND (1767-1775)

ROYAL CHAPEL, THE PALACE OF VERSAILLES (1707-1710) FRANCE

SEARS TOWER, CHICAGO (1947-1976) 110 STOREY Number of floors: 110

Height: 443 meters
 still the tallest building if the antennas are included
 has the highest occupied floors

1st Suspension Bridge

1st Multi-Structure & Concrete Building

1st Mall in the Country

1st Prefabricate Structure

1st School in the American Period

1st Skyscrapper in the Philippines

1st Skyscrapper in Manila

1st Hotel in Asia w/ an Elevator

1st Registered Architect
1st Filipino Architect of the American Period

1st Building to use an Elevator

Metropolitan Theatre
U.S.T. Main Building
F.E.U. Main Building
Alejandro Legardo
Antonio Toledo
Carlos Barretto
Juan Arellano
Tomas Mapua
Mapua Institute of Technology
University of Santo Tomas
Adamson University
Adrian Wilson

Andres Luna de San Pedro

Andres Luna de San Pedro

Andres Luna de San Pedro

Andres Luna de San Pedro

Antonio Sindiong
Antonio Sindiong

Antonio Toledo

Antonio Toledo

Antonio Toledo

Antonio Toledo

Antonio Toledo
Carlos Arguelles

Carlos Arguelles

Carlos Santos-Viola

Carlos Santos-Viola

Carlos Santos-Viola

Cesar Concio

Cesar Concio

Cesar Concio
Cesar Concio
Cesar Concio

Chika Go, Desu Go

Cresencio C. Castro

Cresencio C. Castro

Felipe Mendoza

Felipe Mendoza

Felipe Mendoza
Felipe Mendoza

Fernando Ocampo
Fernando Ocampo

Fernando Ocampo

Francisco Manosa

Francisco Manosa

Francisco Manosa

Francisco Manosa

Francisco Manosa

Gabino de Leon

Gabriel Formoso

Gabriel Formoso & Partners

Gabriel Formoso & Partners
Gabriel Formoso & Partners
Gabriel Formoso & Partners

Gabriel Formoso & Partners

Gabriel Formoso & Partners

Guillermo Tolentino

Jorge Ramos

Jorge Ramos

Jose Ma. Zaragosa

Jose Ma. Zaragosa

Jose Ma. Zaragosa

Jose Ma. Zaragosa

Jose Ma. Zaragosa

Jose Ma. Zaragosa

Jose Ma. Zaragosa

Jose Ma. Zaragosa

Juan Arellano

Juan Arellano

Juan Arellano

Juan Arellano

Juan Arellano

Juan Arellano
Juan Arellano
Juan Arellano
Juan Arellano

Juan Nakpil

Juan Nakpil

Juan Nakpil

Juan Nakpil

Juan Nakpil

Juan Nakpil
Juan Nakpil
Juan Nakpil

Juan Nakpil

Juan Nakpil
Juan Nakpil

Juan Nakpil
Juan Nakpil

Juan Nakpil

Juan Nakpil

Leandro V. Locsin

Leandro V. Locsin
Leandro V. Locsin

Leandro V. Locsin

Leandro V. Locsin

Leandro V. Locsin

Leandro V. Locsin

Leandro V. Locsin

Leandro V. Locsin

Leandro V. Locsin

Leandro V. Locsin

Leandro V. Locsin

Leandro V. Locsin

Luis Ma. Zaragosa Araneta

Mañosa Brothers

Manuel Go
Otilio Arellano
Otilio Arellano

Otilio Arellano

Pablo Antonio

Pablo Antonio

Pablo Antonio

Pablo Antonio
Pablo Antonio

Pablo Antonio

Pablo Antonio

Pablo Antonio
Palafox & Associates
Palafox & Associates
Palafox & Associates
Palafox & Associates
Palafox & Associates
Richard Kissling

Rogelio Villarosa

Tomas B. Mapua

Tomas B. Mapua

Tomas B. Mapua

Tomas B. Mapua

Walter Gropius

William Coscolluela
William Coscolluela

William Coscolluela

William Coscolluela

William Coscolluela
William Coscolluela
William Coscolluela
William Coscolluela
William Coscolluela

William Coscolluela

William Coscolluela

William Parson
William Parson
William Parson

William Parson

William Parson
William Parson

Leandro Locsin

Recio Casas/ KPF

Gabriel Formoso

Gabriel Formoso

William Coscolluela/ SOM

Antonio Sindiong
Antonio Sindiong
Adrian Wilson
Juan Nakpil

GF and Partners
Franciso Mañosa

William Coscolluela
GF and Partners
Recio Casas

Leandro Locsin

GF and Partners / SOM

William Coscolluela/ SOM

Gabriel Formoso

Anonio Sindiong

Gabriel Formoso

Vicente C. Rodriguez/ Medi A. Nasrabadi

Gabriel Formoso

Engracio Mariano

Gabriel Formoso

Rogelio Villarosa

Rogelio Villarosa

Angel Nakpil

Recio Casas

Otilio Arellano/ Felipe Mendoza

Antonio Sindiong

Gabriel P. Formoso

RMJM

Carlos Arguelles
Antonio Sindiong

Leandro Locsin

Palafox/ SOM

Gabriel Formoso

Jose Ma. Zaragoza

Pablo S. Antonio Sr.

Mañosa Brothers

William Coscolluela

Leandro Locsin/ Dominic Galicia

GF and Partners

Fernando Ocampo

Leandro V. Locsin

Leandro V. Locsin

Pablo S. Antonio Sr.

Antonio Toledo

Cresencio De Castro

Gabriel Formoso

Francisco Mañosa
Leandro V. Locsin

Leandro V. Locsin
Froilan Hong

Leandro V. Locsin

Jorge Ramos

Leandro Locsin

Leandro Locsin
Carlos Arguelles/ Gabriel Formoso

Gabriel Formoso (preservation)

Carlos Santos-Viola

Alfredo Luz

Gabriel Formoso

Rogelio Villarosa

Carlos Arguelles

Leandro V. Locsin

William Parsons

William Parsons/ Leandro V. Locsin

Pablo S. Antonio Sr.

Arcenas, Payumo & Andrews

Cesar Concio

Leandro Locsin

Jose Ma. Zaragoza

Pablo S. Antonio Sr.

Pablo S. Antonio Sr.
Angel Nakpil

Juan Nakpil

Juan Nakpil
Carlos Arguelles
Juan Nakpil
Jose Ma. Zaragoza

Galvan

Fernando Ocampo

Fernando Ocampo

Fernando Ocampo

William Parsons

Juan Hervas

Juan Nakpil
Juan Nakpil
Pablo S. Antonio Sr.
Antonio Toleda
Pablo S. Antonio Sr.
Federico Ilustre

Andres Luna de San Pedro

Angel Nakpil

Pablo S. Antonio Sr.

Juan Nakpil

Antonio Sindiong

Gabriel Formoso

Juan Arellano

Otilio Arellano

William Parsons

Antonio Toledo
Jose Ma. Zaragoza

Juan Arellano

Federico Ilustre

Juan Arellano/ Toledo/Duane

Andres Luna de San Pedro

Andres Luna de San Pedro

William Parsons and Antonio Toledo

Tomas B. Mapua

Tomas B. Mapua

William Parsons/ Leandro V. Locsin

Otilio Arellano
Cesar Canchela

Antonio Toledo

Luis Araneta

Carlos Arguelles

Pablo S. Antonio Sr.

Pablo S. Antonio Sr.

Felipe Mendoza
Gabriel Formoso
Arcadio Arellano/ Juan Arellano

Alfredo Luz

Fernando Ocampo

Juan Hervas

Otilio Arellano

Angel Nakpil

Luciano Oliver/ Manuel Mañosa (restoration)

Victorio C. Edades

Rogelio Villarosa

Juan Hervas

Antonio Sindiong/ Fernando Ocampo

Dominador Lugtu
Felipe Mendoza

Felipe Mendoza

Cesar Concio

Antonio Toledo

Juan Nakpil

Cesar Concio

Guillermo Tolentino

Gabriel Formoso

Jorge Ramos

Cesar Concio

Carlos Arguelles

Carlos Santos-Viola

William Coscolluela

Juan Nakpil

Federico Ilustre

William Coscolluela/ R. Villarosa

Engracio Mariano / SOM

Philip Recto

Art Alcantara

William Coscolluela

Leandro V. Locsin

Pedro Pimentel/ Medi Nasrabadi

Vicente Rodriguez/ Medi Nasrabadi

Felipe Mendoza

Philip Recto

Mañosa Brothers

RR Payumo

Carlos Santos-Viola

Rogelio Villarosa
Francisco Mañosa
Antonio Sindiong
Rogelio Villarosa
Francisco Mañosa
GF and Partners/ KPF

William Coscolluela

Francisco Mañosa

Jose Ma. Zaragoza

Nick Feliciano

Francisco Mañosa

Felipe Mendoza
Gabriel Formoso/ Nestor Mangio
William V. Coscolluela

Pablo S. Antonio Sr.

Recio Casas
William Coscolluela/ IM Pei
GF and Partners

Gabriel Formoso

William Coscolluela

G and W

Francisco Mañosa

Francisco Mañosa

Felipe Mendoza

Francisco Mañosa

Leandro V. Locsin

Mañosa Brothers

Francisco Mañosa

Juan Arellano

Gabriel Formoso
Temple of Luxor
Abu Simbel
Pyramid of King Zoser
The Great Pyramid
Partheon

Erechtheum
Epidaurus Theater
The Pantheon

Trajan's Forum

Colosseum

White House

Capitol of the United States

National Gallery Of Art

Washington Monument
University of Virginia
Massachusetts State House
Saint Patrick's Cathedral
Connecticut State Capitol
Monticallo
New York City Hall

Fallingwater

Guggenheim Museum

Coonley House

Ennis House

Johnson Wax Building

Larkin Building

Wingspread

Golden Gate Bridge

The Louvre
Tuileries
Palais Royal
Sacre-coeur

Hotel de Ville

Arc de Triomphe

Pompidou Centre

Notre Dame de Paris

ParisOpera House
Elysee Palace
Hotel de Invalides
La Madelaine
Sorbonne
Charles Cathedral
Amien's Cathedral
Rheims Cathedral
Eiffel Tower
Notre Dame du Haut
Villa Savoye

Burgtheater

Berlin Opera House

Wurzburg Residenz

Einstein Tower

British Moseum
Salisbury Cathedral
Queen's House

Somerset House

St. Paul's Cathedral

Chiswick House
Westminster Palace
Glasgow School of Art

Durham cathedral

Buckingham Palace

Temple of Heaven

Hagia Sofia

Cathedral of Siena
Pisa Cathedral

Florence Cathedral

Krak des Chevaliers

Alhambra
Casa Batllo
Casa Mila
Sagrada Familia

Taj Mahal

Paoay Church
Vigan Church

Santa Maria Church

Tumauini Church
Angat Church
Barasoain Church
San Sebastian Church
San Augustine Church

Taal Church

Daraga Church
Miagao Church

Santo Nino de Cebu Basilica

PBCom Tower

Petron Mega Plaza

G.T. International Tower

Robinson's Equitable Tower

ICEC (LKG) Tower

Pacific Plaza Tower 1& 2

Roxas Triangle 1 & 2

Petronas Tower

Sears Tower

Jin Mao Building

Plaza Rakyat

Empire State Building

Central Plaza

Bank of China

Emirates Tower I

The Center

T & C Tower

AON Center

John Hancock Center

Shun Hing Square

Citic Plaza (Sky Center Plaza)

Burj Al-Arab Hotel

Baiyoke Tower 2

Chrysler Building

Bank of American Palza

Library Tower

Malaysia Telecom HQ

AT & T Corporate Center

Chase Tower

Ryugyong Hotel

the first architect to be conferred the National Artist award in 1973 for “… his outstanding
talents and services in creating edifices, both private and public, that are conceptually well
designed and conscientiously executed ” 1. Geronimo Reyes Building
2. Capitol Theatre
3. Rizal theatre
4. Manila Jockey Club
5. Quezon Institue
6. UP administration building (Quezon Hall)
7. Library Building (Gonzales Hall)
8. SSS (use of folded concrete plates as aesthetic features)
o 2nd National Artist of Architecture o Buildings:
1. Bel-Air Alhambra Apartments
2. Syquia Apartments
3. Sea Tower apartments
4. Far Eastern University Building
5. Ideal Theatre
6. Lyric Theatre
7. May building (brise soleil)

o Most prolific artist-designer

o Buildings:
1. Legislative building, major work
2. Post Office building
3. Metropolitan Theatre
4. Rizal Memorial Stadium
5. Benitez Hall (UP)
6. Malcolm Hall (UP)

o Master of Neoclassicist style

o Among the first architect-educators
o Assistant to William Parsons
o Buildings:
1. Cebu Custom House
2. National Museum Building
3. City Hall of Manila

o Buildings:
1. Church of the Risen Lord (UP)
2. Melchor Hall (UP- Eng& Arch building))
3. Palma Hall (UP-CAS building))
4. Insular Life Building (1st brise soleil)
5. Children’s Hospital (NORTH General Hospital/Jose Reyes Hospital Pablo Cruz
Prepared development plan forManila & Baguio (summer capital)
 Reliance Building, Chicago
 Monadnock Building, Chicago
 Paid a 6 week visit to Philippines
 Prepared site for
1. Manila Hotel
2. Army & Navy Club
3. Philippine General Hospital
4. Post Office

 Implementation of D. Burnham’s plans

o Appointed by C.G. Taft as consulting architect for the Americans

o Insular Ice Plant & Storage, first large building erected by Americans
o Pioneered the setting up of an Architectural & Surveying office in the Philippines

the son of the great Filipino painter Juan Luna o Popularized the “El Nido” style
o Buildings:
1. Legarda Elemntary School
2. Regina Building
3. Crystal Arcade
4. Natividad Building
5. Perez-Samanillo Building
6. Insular Life ???

1976 Most beautiful Hotel in the world

1987 Likha Awardee (UAP Highest)
1990 - 3rd National Artist for Architecture
he produced 71 residences, 81 buildings and sultanate palace

the first registered architect in the Philippines and worked with the Bureau of Public Works

his most enduring contribution is the Mapua institute of Technology, which is the oldest
architectural school in the country
the first and only Art Noveau high-rise in the Philippines
o Public administrator; advocated “Building Code of Manila”
o First Filipino architect with academic degree abroad (Pennsylvania)
o Pioneering Staff of “Division of Architecture”

Q. I. Hospital - superimposed a native touch on the art deco façade through the high-pitch
roof in the central building
Quiapo Church

The Ever Theater – the first to use glass as prominent architectural material

Mabini Shrine Batangas

Rizal Home Restoration
Bonifacio Monument
SSS Bldg
Sn Miguel Church
UP admin Bldg & Conservatory of Music
Phil. National bank
Manila Railroad Company
FEU
Manila City Hall ( w/ Toledo)

Metropolitan Theatre - colorist art deco, considered as the zenith of Art Deco aesthetics in
the Philippines, exterior and interior exhibit locally mediated approaches such as detailing :
tropical fruits and flora motifs, bamboo banister railings, carved banana and mango ceiling
relief, and Batik mosaic patterns

Rizal Memorial
Post Office Building at Liwasang Bonifacio
Agriculture Bldg (w/ Antonio Toledo)

Legislative Bldg (now the National Museum) on Agrifina Circle – neoclassicism

Supreme Court
Quezon Memorial Circle
OLD MIA
GSIS
Veterans Memorial Bldg
Asian Institute of Tech. Bangkok
Manila City Hall ( w/ Arellano)
Legislative Bldg ( w/ Arellano)
Agriculture Bldg ( w/ Arellano)
Finance Bldg
Baclaran Church
US Protestant Church
Perpetual Help Church
UP Eng'g & liberal Arts Bldg.
Childrens Hospital
ABS CBN QC
DBP - Makati
Manila Hilton
UPLB Masterplan
UP Social Science & Humanities Center
Malacanang
Manila Hotel
PGH (Tomas Mapua)
Phil. Normal college
Manila Cathedral Rehabilitation
UST Chapel
Antipolo Church

Baguio
Luneta Park
Old Congress Bldg. (Legislative Bldg)

1. Manila Hotel
2. Army & Navy Club
3. Philippine General Hospital
4. Philippine Normal School
5. Women’s Dormitory of the Normal School
6. University Hall of the University of the Philippipnes (Padre Faura)
7. YMCA building
8. Elk’s Club
9. Manila Club
10. “Gabaldon” schoolhouse, most visible, 5 prototypes

Manila POLO Club

FEU Main Bldg
Lyric Ideal Theather
Jai Alai
Central bank of the Philippines
Asian Inst. Of Managemnt - Makati
San Agustin Church
UST Main Bldg
Araneta Coliseum
Sto. Domingo Church
Quiapo Church (1985 Restoration)
Iglesia ni Kristo
New Era
Rustans QC
Sulo Hotel reconstruction

Vista De Loro

San Beda Chapel

1. Legarda Elementary School – French renaissance
2. Rafael Fernandez House – French renaissance and official residence of Corazon Aquino
during her presidency
3. Perez-Samanillo Building – art deco and modern style

4. Crystal Arcade – art deco and modern style, precursor of the modern-day shopping mall

5. Perkin’s House – also known as “El Nido” (The Nest), awarded first prize in Manila’s 1925
House Beautiful Contest
Malacanang residence
UP Catholic Chapel
St. Andres Church - Makati
Mandarin hotel

Istana Nurul Iman (Palace of Religious Light) – the palace of the Sultan of Brunei, which
reinterprets traditional Islamic Southeast Asian motifs based on a modernist idiom

National Arts Center

NAIA
Manila Hotel , New
CCP, PICC, FAT, Philcite,etc
Edsa Shrine

Coconut Palace a luxurious guesthouse at the CCP Complex. It showcased a double roof
reminiscent of the salakot (a wide brimmed hat) and swing-out (naka-tukod) window
borrowed from the bahay kubo

Las Pinas Church Restoration

San Miguel Office bldg. - Ortigas
Antonio Pacific
Pacific Plaza
Ali Mall
SM
China Bank - Paseo de Roxas
Tektite Tower
National Bookstores
Shangrila Edsa Plaza
Shangrila Makati
Kings Court 1 & 2
Silahis Hotel
Stella Maris College
Manila Doctors Hospital
Times Theater
Makati Med. Center
Quezon City Hall
De La salle University
Nurses Home
• UY-CHACO building

o Magsaysay Center
o WHO building
o Ermita Center

Robinson's Galeria

Quiapo Mosque
Phil. Heart center
Meralco Building
o Feati University Building
o Ambassador Hotel (1st skyscraper 4flrs)
o UST seminary building
• PLDT TOWER, Ayala avenue, Makati City
• 6790, Ayala avenue, Makati City
• CITIBANK TOWER, Paseo de Roxas, Makati City
• AYALA LIFE FGU, Ayala avenue, Makati City
• EQUITABLE BANK TOWERS,
• RENNAISANCE 2000
• RENNAISANCE TOWERS

• AYALA TOWER 1, Ayala Avenue, Makati City (consultant: S.O.M.)

• PACIFIC PLAZA TOWERS, Fort Bonifacio (arquitectonica)

• ICEC TOWER, manila (Kohn Petersen Fox Associates)
• KINGSWOOD, Vito Cruz, Makati City
• MANANSALA TOWER, Rockwell center, Makati City

• GT INTERNATIONAL TOWER, Ayala avenue, Makati City

• OAKWOOD PREMIER RESIDENCE
• PBCOM TOWER, Ayala avenue, Makati City

• PETRON, MEGAPLAZA
• JIN MAO TOWER

• ROCKWELL (S.O.M.)
• FORBES TOWER, manila (RMJM London unlimited)

• ONE SAN MIGUEL, ortigas

• ESSENSA TOWERS (Pablo Antonio jr)

Clasiao Church, Pangasinan

Laoag Church, Ilocos Norte
Las Pinas Church
Loboc Church Bohol
Manila Cathedral

Miagao Church, iloilo

Morong Church, Rizal

Panay Church, Rizal
Quiapo Church

San Agustin Church

World Trade Center –

Jose Ma. Zaragosa

Carlos Arguelles
Edmundo Lucero
Francisco Fajardo
Gavino de Leon
Cezar de dios
Antonio Turalba - Architecture
Cesar Concio - Environmental Planner
 CHOICES A CHOICES B CHOICES C

a. Jose Siao Ling b. William Cosculluela c. Gabriel Formoso

a. renaissance b. eclecticism c. art nouveau

a. cha-sit-su b. masu-gumi c. tokonoma
a. ambulatory b. niche c. exedra

a. pyramid of Zoser b. pyramid of Khufu c. pyramid of Cheops

a. Chartes cathedral b. Soissons cathedral c. Lyon cathedral

a. Alvar Aalto b. Frank Lloyd Wright c. Mies van der Rohe

a. Imhotep b. Amenemhat c. Libon

a. I.M Pei b. Kenzo Tange c. Tadao Ando
a. Cheops b. Chefren c. Khufu

a. Basilica of Saint
b. Church of San Vitale c. Hagia Irene
Apollinare Nuovo

a. Alvar Aalto b. Eero Saarinen c. Walter Gropius

a. Astylar b. Bartizan c. Crenel

a. jugendstijl b. Eero Saarinen c. Richard Josef Neutra

a. cavetto b. astylar c. crenel

a. tabernacle b. baldachino c. lacunaria

a. cavetto b. embrassures c. bartizan

a. Caesar Homer
b. Felipe Mendoza c. Juan Nakpil
Concio

a. pyramid of Zoser b. pyramid of Khufu c. pyramid of Cheops

a. tabernacle b. baldachino c. lacunaria

a. bema b. console c. caveto

a. bartizan b. pinnacle c. minaret
a. Caesar Homer
b. Felipe Mendoza c. Juan Nakpil
Concio
a. Amenemhat I b. imhotep c. Senusret I
a. ambulatory b. niche c. exedra
a. cha-sit-su b. tokonaman c. masu-gumi

a. octagonal b. hexagonal c. rectangular

a. Frank Lloyd Wright b. Eero Saarinen c. Richard Josef Neutra

a. Amenemhat I b. imhotep c. Senusret I

a. Erich Mendelsohn b. Welton Becket c. Richard Josef Neutra

a. acroterion b. anthemion c. antefix

a. stoa b. pteroma c. antefix

a. acroterion b. anthemion c. antefix

a. Pantheon b. Parthenon c. Acropolis

a. ancroterion b. anthemion c. antefix

a. square b. rectangle c. round

a. Parthenon b. Propylaea c. Pteroma

a. Domical roof
b. helm roof c. columnar trabeated
construction
a. roman b. greek c. eqyptian

a. cement b. marble c. lime

a. cavetto b. crenel c. tracery

a. 167 b. 176 c. 186

a. acroterion b. anthemion c. antefix

a. Pantheon b. Parthenon c. apotheca

a. refectory b. cortel c. apse
a. Domical roof
b. helm roof c. columnar trabeated
construction

a. corinthian b. doric c. composite

a. bricks b. cement c. lime

a. Parthenon b. anthemion c. acroterion

a. pediment b. pendentive c. architrave

a. 10 b. 11 c. 12

a. stoa b. pteroma c. antefix

a. tumuli b. dipteral c. pryterion

a. sports competition b. gladiatorial contests c. marathon race

a. Domical roof c. comlumnar

b. helm roof
construction trabeated
a. romanesque b. renaissance c. baroque

a. Rameses I b. Rameses II c. Rameses III

a. acroterion b. anthemion c. antefix

a. Jose Herrera b. Juan Nakpil c. Caesar Concio

a. Alvar Aalto b. Frank Lloyd Wright c. Inigo Jones

a. Antonio Guillermo b. Guillermo Tolentino c. Antonio Tolentino

a. latin cross b. greek cross c. english cross

a. Felipe Mendoza b. Gabriel Formoso c. Leandro Locsin

a. Eero Saarinen b. Alvar Aalto c. Hennevique

a. naos b. narthex c. apse

a. Jose Herrera b. Juan Nakpil c. Caesar Concio

a. latin cross b. greek cross c. english cross

a. Felipe Mendoza b. Gabriel Formoso c. Leandro Locsin

a. Astylar b. amphi-prostyle c. dipteral

a. Jose Siao Ling b. Antonio Sin Diong c. Gilbert Yu

a. Erich Mendelsohn b. Le Corbusier c. Mies van der Rohe

a. Caesar Concio b. Felipe Mendoza c. Tomas Mapua

a. forum b. Parthenon c. agora

a. Tomas Mapua b. Juan Nakpil c. Jose Herrera
a. east b. west c. north
a. ambo b. bema c. cella
a. Shah Jalan b. Shah Jahan c. Shah Reza

a. ambo b. bema c. cella

a. Panay Cathedral in
b. Las Pina Cathedral c. Quiapo Church
Capiz

a. Froilan Hong b. Gabriel Formoso c. George Ramos

a. Tomas Mapua b. Juan Nakpil c. Jose Herrera

a. ambo b. bema c. cella

a. Jose Herrera b. Juan Nakpil c. Cesar Concio

a. Gabriel Formoso b. George Ramos c. Froilan Hong

a. naos b. narthex c. apse

a. ambo b. bema c. cella

a. Antipolo Church b. Angono church c. Jala-Jala Church

a. Libon b. Mnesicles c. Theron

a. Phidias b. Ptolemy III c. Callimachus
b. Felix Outerino
a. Carlos Rodriguez c. Luis Soria y Mata
Candela
a. Callicrates and b. Anthemius and
c. Theron and Libon
Ictinus Isidorus
a. Libon b. mnesicles c. Theron

a. Byzantine b. Romanesque c. Saracenic

a. Hadrian b. Bernini c. Vitruvius

a. Kenzo Tange b. Arata Isozake c. Minoru Yamasaki

a. Erich Mendelsohn b. Daniel Burnham c. Inigo Jones

a. George Ramos b. William Cosculluela c. Froilan Hong

a. Buckminster Fuller b. Louis Sullivan c. Marcel Lajos Breuer

a. Ptolemy III b. Thothmes I c. Senusret I

a. Epidauros b. Odeion c. Pinacotheca

a. Christopher Wren b. Inigo Jones c. John Vanbrugh

a. opus tesselatum b. opus mixtum c. opus recticulatum

a. epidauros b. odeion c. Pinacotheca

a. Libon b. Mnesicles c. Theron

a. opus incertum b. opus mixtum c. opus recticulatum

a. Buckminster Fuller b. Louis Sullivan c. Marcel Lajos Breuer

a. Frank Lloyd Wright b. Le Corbusier c. Mies van der Rohe

a. opus tesselatum b. opus mixtum c. opus recticulatum

a. Hadrian b. Bernini c. Vitruvius

a. Epidauros b. Odeion c. Pinacotheca

a. opus incertum b. opus mixtum c. opus recticulatum

a. Phidias b. Ptolemy III c. Callimachus

a. Ptolemy III b. Thothmes I c. Senusret I

a. opus incertum b. opus mixtum c. opus recticulatum

a. tepidarium b. calidarium c. sudatorium

a. east b. west c. north

a. Little Metropole b. Sao Paulo Cathedral, c. Cathedral of San

Cathedral, Athens Brazil Giovanni, Rome

a. Darius b. Hystaspes c. Amytis

a. Circus Varianus b. Circus Maximus c. Circus of Maxentius

b. Church of Saint c. Church of the Most

a. Nea Moni
Simon Holy Trinity, Portugal

a. villa b. domus c. atrium house

a. balneum b. domus c. insulae

a. stoa b. pteroma c. antefix

a. insulae b. bouleuterion c. domus

a. tepidarium b. calidarium c. sudatorium

a. ambo b. bema c. cella

a. villa b. domus c. atrium house

a. villa b. domus c. atrium house
a. apodyteria b. calidarium c. sudatorium

a. Mapua b. UST c. Liceo de Manila

a. balneum b. domus c. insulae

a. insulae b. bouleuterion c. domus

a. Eliel Saarinen b. Mies van der Rohe c. Frank Lloyd Wright

a. acroterion b. anthemion c. antefix

a. apodyteria b. calidarium c. sudatorium

a. phylaki b. Treasury of Aterus c. Nea Roumata

a. villa b. domus c. insulae

a. Vespasian/
b. Julius Caesar c. Nero
Dmonitian

a. Worms Cathedral b. Tournai Cathedral c. Trier Cathedral

a. Forum Romanum b. Imperial Forum c. Forum Cuppedinis

a. east b. west c. north

a. circular b. cross-type c. rectangular
a. tepidarium b. calidarium c. sudatorium

a. megaron b. thalamus c. ziggurats

a. Michael Graves b. Robert AM Stern c. Helmut Jahn

a. Kunio Mayekawa b. Gyo Obata c. Ieoh Min Pei

a. civil government b. private business c. christian church

a. Art nouveau b. Art moderne c. Art deco

a. atrium b. podium c. shutter

a. Arcadio Arellano b. Juan Arellano c. Tomas Argueles

a. Islamic b. Chinese c. Egyptian

a. pilotis b. atrium c. colonnaded

a. living quarters of c. living quarters of

b. guest house
marriageable girls marriageable bachelors

a. San Fernando b. Basco c. Vigan

a. elevator b. steel beam c, curtain wall system

a. mullion b. header c. parapet

a. columnar and c. buttress and dome

b. arch and vault style
trabeated style style
a. Skidmore, Owings
b. Cesar Pelli c. CY Lee and partners
and Merrill

a. walay b. lamin c. torogan

c. San Sebastian
a. Taal church b. San Agustin church
church
a. Italy b. France c. Spain
a. Muslim b. Indian c. Japanese

c. Athens Olympics
a. Millenium Dome b. Geodesic Dome
Dome

a. bay window b. oriel window c. bow window

a. Valley of the Nile b. Mesopotamia c. China

a, Macedonians b. Greeks c. Egyptians

a. Ulm Cathedral b. Laon Cathedral c. Cologne Cathedral

a. John Webb b. Christopher Wren c. Hugh May

a. Bramante b. Sqangallo c. Bernini

b. Oswald Mathias
a. Charles Moore c. Aldo Rossi
Ungers

a. Rameses I b. Rameses II c. Senusret I

a. Stone b. Wood c. Marble

a. Pylon b. Propylaea c. Pryterion

 a. Parthenon b. Pantheon c. Athena Nike

a. Arch and vault b. Trabeated c. Flying buttress

a. Composite b. Lotus c. Doric

a. Squinch Dome b. pendentive c. Onion Dome

a. Marble b. Granite c. Brick

a. Parthenon b. Amphitheatre c. Pantheon

a. Pteroma b. Pteron c. Antis

a. Running b. Boxing c. Gladiatorial Contests

a. Stoa b. Collonade c. Promenade

a. Persepolis b. Acropolis c. agora

a. Antefix b. Metope c. Acroterion

a. Antefix b. Metope c. Acroterion

a. Anthemion b. Metope c. Acroterion

Anthemion
Refectory
Baroque
Cortel

Tracery

Roman

176

Octagonal
13..
Square
 Pediment

Pendentive

Narthex

Nave

Stylobate
Stereobate
Eustyle
Areostyle
Systyle
1.5 Diameters
3 Diameters

Circus

Colosseum
Wrestling
Stadium

Callicrates and Ictinus

Lamin

Zaguan

Bilik

Dapogan

Cha-sit-su

Masjid

Stupa
Bale

Doric

Tumuli
 Apse

Dipteral

Prytaneion

Erich Mendelsohn

Walter Gropius

Art Noveau

Van Alen

Embrasures

Amenemhat I

Senusret I
Pyramid of Zoser
Pyramid of Khufu
Canephora
Bartizan
Masu-gumi
Cavetto

Carlos Santos Viola

Caesar Homer Concio

William Cosculluela

Imhotep

Richard Josef Neutra

Jugendstijl

Eero Saarinen
Kenzo Tange
Khufu
 Console

Chartres Cathedral

Octagonal

Tokonama

Hagia Sophia

Baldachino

Tabernacle

Exedra

Niche

Mudejar

Mnesicles
Pinacotheca
Odeion

Epidauros

Opus Mixtum

Opus Incertum

Opus Recticulatum

Opus Quadratum

Opus Tesselatum

Louis Sullivan

Buckminster Fuller

Marcel Lajos Breuer

Felix Outerino Candela

Agrippa
Minoru Yamasaki
Bernini

Anthemius and Isidorus

George Ramos

Thothmes I

Ptolemy III

Iñigo Jones

Callimachus
Theron
Libon

Cossutius

Mnesicles
Phidias
Welton Becket
Le Corbusier
Eliel Saarinen

Frank Lloyd Wright

Hennevique
Jose Herrera
Juan Nakpil
Felipe Mendoza
Juan Nakpil

Guillermo Tolentino

Shah Jahan

Erich Mendelsohn

John Ruskin and

William Moris
Felipe Mendoza
Juan Nakpil
 Juan Nakpil
Juan Nakpil

Antonio Sin Diong

Gabriel Formoso
George Ramos

Morong Church

Panay Cathedral in
Capiz

Bema

Naos

Amphi-Prostyle

Cella

Greek Cross

Latin Cross

Ambo

Bema

Apse

Forum
East
South
West

Cancelli

Little Metropole
Cathedral, Athens
 Nea Moni

Centralized
Liceo de Manila

Worms Cathedral

Bouleuterion
Prytaneion
Circus Maximus
Forum Romanum
Tepidarium
Calidarium
Sudatorium
Apodyteria
Unctuaria

Vespasian / Domitian

Treasury of Atreus

Xerxes
Domus
Thalamus
Insulae
Villa
Atrium House
Balneum

Menhir

Royal pyramids
 Megaron

Order

Crepidoma

Naos

Thermae

Velarium

Insula

Baldachino

Narthex
Gymnaceum
Voussoirs
Cenotaph

West door

Rayonnant

Plough

Camber

Rustication

Sir Joseph Paxton

Antonio Gaudi
James Hoban

Carlos Baretto
 Masjid

Muenzzin
Islamic
Kibla

Shah-Jehan

Cluniac

sober & dignified

sixtite

pilaster strips

campanile

ambrogio

Altars
Castle

Alexander

Helm Roof

Church bldgs.

Portugal

Alocabaca, Portugal
 Fortress

fortification

machicolations

battlement

merlons

bailey

Steve church

domestic

crocket

buttress

transept

tudor

mouldings

tracery
 presbytery

West minister abbey

pantry
cimborio
finial
retablo
kibla

Florence Cathedral

crypt

Renaissance

Palladian

antiquarian

mannerists

Rustication

Reliquary
Brunelleschi

Piano Noble

Donato Bramante

Mullion
 transom

wreath

scroll

nymphaneum

rocaile

cherubin

newel

strapwork

intercolumnation

fretwork

pulpitum

polychromy

expressionism
 eyebrow

skylight

reja

cella

Burma

viharas

shwe dagon pagoda

pitakat-taik
pailou

Alexandre Gustav Eiffel

Louis Henry Sullivan

Yamasaki and Roth

Charles Mackintosh

Tomas Mapua

Frank Gehry
Erich Mendelsohn

Kahn, Louis

Antonio Gaudi

Buckminster Fuller

Francisco Manosa

Gustave Eiffel

Francisco Manosa

Lucio Costa

Buckminster Fuller

Robert Adam
 Peter Behrens

Francisco Manosa

984 ft.

Buckminster Fuller

Le Corbusier

Mies van de Rohe

Richard Meier

Oscar Niemeyer

Nervi, Pier Luigi

Lucio Costa
Kenzo Tange

hierogyphics

Parthenon

Epidaurus Theater
 Colosseum

Trajans forum

Agrippa

Robert Mills

Reims Cathedral

Elysee Palace

Torogan House

Ivatan’s Rakuh
Manila Metropolitan
Theatre

G.F.& Partners

Lao Tze

Plinth

Caryatid

Finial

le Corbusier

Telamon
 Crepidoma

Federico Ilustre

Archivolt

Eisodos

Obelisk

Aokum

Gargoyle

Monument

Bouleuterion

Great Temple of
Ammon, Karnak

Andrea Palladio

Ten books of
Architecture by Marcus
Vitruvius

Tomb of Agamemnon

Trajan’s Column
 Queen Anne style

Sir Christopher Wren

Temenos

Walter Gropius

Le Corbusier

Prytaneion

Kankanay

Decorated style

Cromlech

Mannerism

Bouleuterion

Great Temple of
Ammon, Karnak
 Firewall; Fireblock

Andrea Palladio

10 books of
architecture by
Vitruvius

Engr's & Archt. Law Act

2986

Tomb of Agamemnon

Trajans Column

Medieval Organic City

Queen anne Style

Unite d Habitation

Sir Christopher Wren

Temenos
 Walter Gropius

Le Corbusier

prytaneion

Kankanay

Cavaea

Decorated Style

Chromlech

Palladianism

Egyptian Architecture

Romanesque
Architecture

Gothic Architecture

Rayonant
Flamboyant

Renaissance
Architecture
 Palladianism

Mannerism

Baroque

Antiquarian

Rococco

Plateresque
Architecture

Elizabethan
Architecture

Jacobean Architecture
Gregorian Architecture

Picturesque
Architecture

Sphinx

Mastaba

Obelisk

Pyramid

Batter

Stonehenge

Ziggurat

Hieroglyphics

Dolmen

Voussoirs
 Exedra

Cella

Stupa

Eclectic

Soffit

Fortress

Pendentive

Mayan Temple Pyramid

Picturesqueness

Fresco
 Stoa

Atlantes

Abacus

Entasis

Flutes

Caryatids

Daado

Arris

Fillets

Pediment

Plinth

Agora

Triumphal Arch
 Thermae

Colosseum

Aquaducts

Forum

Pinaccle

Sarcophagus

Mausolleum

Groins

Coffers

Butress

Vault

Narthex
baptisteries
Font

Dome
 Bema

Arcade

Ambo

Mosaic

Baldachino

Aisle

Nave

Apse

Kiosk

Mosque

Corbel

Minaret

Chamfer

Atrium

Squinch

Harem

Cenotaph

Ogee

Keystone
Iconostasis

Verandah

Piazza

Arabesque

Spandrel

Turret

Mullions

Chateau

Fleche

Niche

Boss

Pilaster Strip

Chatris

Tracery
 Podium

Transept

Rib & Panel

Cimborio

Larder

Spire
Steeple
Wardrobe

Camber

Coisters

Pantry

Stellar Vault

Monastery

Oriel Window

Refectory

Scroll

Palazzo

Baluster
 Rococo

baroque

Belfry

Entablature

Doge's Hall

Pavillion

Chancel

Quoins

Console

Crypt

Newel
Doge's Palace

Cupola

Vestibule

Lantern

Wreath

Salon

Mansard

Nymphaeum

Finial

Pedestal

Dormer
 Hermes

Mullions

Patio

Modilions

Transom

Tabernacle

Ambulatory

Finial

Dais

Bay Window

Helm Roof

Gallery

Strapwork
Intercolumnation

Cherubs

Terracotta

Heraldic

Plateresque
Architecture

Pulpit

Belvedere

Churrigueresque

Candelabra

Fretwork

Wata Dage

Tudor Revival

Torus
 Pagoda

Bungallow

Faience

Stambas / Laths

Great Wall

Art Noveau

bauhaus

Fenestration
Architectonic
Rarhs

Space Frame

Baloon Framing

Pai Lou

Bonsai
 Antillan House

Belvedere

Tea House

Ken

Ifugao/ Bontoc House

Nipa House

maranao House

Ivatan House

Loggia

Irrimoya Gable

Torii
 Trompel o Eil

Country House

Art Deco

Gazebo

Stoa

Pinacle

Boss/ Groin

Quoins / Squinch

Serdab
Glypthoteca
Pinacotheca
Themenos
Lacunaria
Peroma
Dromos
Thalamus
The Great Temple of
Arnak
God Horus
 Egyptian Architects

Propylaea

Partenon

Theatre of Dionysus

Forum Romanum
Circus Maximus
Forum of Trajan

Prehistoric Period

Egyptian Architecture

Mesopotamian
Architecture

Pre columbian
Architecure
 Pre columbian
Architecure

Greek Architecture

Roman Architecture

Early christian
Architecture

Byzantine Architecture

Islamic Architecture

Romanesque
Architecture

Gothic Architecture

Renaissance
Architecture
 Renaissance
Architecture

Britain Architecture

Continental Europe

American Architecture

Modern International

India / pakistan

Sri Lanka
 Sri Lanka

Afghanistan, Nepal,
Tibet

Burma, Cambodia,
Thailand, Indonesia

China

Japan
 Japan

Philippines

Pre Historic Period -

Structures

Egyptian Buildings
 Ancient near East
(mesopotamia)
Buildings

Pre Columbian Bldgs

(Maya, Aztec, Peru,
Mexico)

Greek Buildings
Roman Buildings
 Early Christian
Structures

Byzantine Structures

Islamic Buildings

Romanesque Buildings

Gothic Buildings

Rennaissance Buildings

Britain Buildings

Continental Europe
Buildings
American Structures
French Architecture
French Architecture
English architecture
Modern International
Modern International
Asian & Spain
Architecture
Real Fuerza de
Santiago (Fort
Santiago)

Intramuros
Late Spanish Period
 American Period

Post War Architecture

 Futurism

Functionalism

Utilitarianism

Constructivism
Neo-expressionism

The Great Mosque of

Djenné in Mali,

Elisha Graves Otis

Ecclectism

The Arts & Crafts

Movement

Pyramid
Cheops

Rameses 1

Marble

Columnar trabeated

Propylaea

Parthenon

Arch and vault

Composite

Domical roof
construction
St. Sophia,
Constantinople
 Sober and dignified

Marble

Pantheon

Pteroma

Gladiatorial Contests

Stoa

Acropolis

Antefix (Antefixae)

Acroterion / Acroterium

Anthemion

Apotheca

Anthemion

Marble

Pisa
Refectory
Baroque
Cortel

Tracery

Cha-sit-su

Masjid

Stupa
Bale

Ziggurat

Doric

Pyramid
 Tumuli

Apse

Dipteral

Prytaneion

Erich Mendelsohn

Walter Gropius
Art Noveau
Cambodian
Van Alen
Embrasures
Agra

Amenemhat I

Senusret I
Heb-sed
Pyramid of Zoser
Pyramid of Khufu
Groin Vault
Visayan
Greek
Canephora
Bartizan
Basilica
Greek

Helm Roof

Masu-gumi
Cavetto

Carlos Santos Viola

Caesar Homer Concio

Pinnacle
 William Cosculluela

Baroque for of
Ornamentation

Richard Josef Neutra

Sarcophagus
Imhotep
Bouleuterion
U.S. / English
Renaissance
Tussel House
Astylar

Jugendstijl

Ludwig Mies Van Der

Rohe
Liceo de Manila
Crenel
Balance
Eclecticism
Eero Saarinen
Kaufman House
Juan Nakpil
Kenzo Tange
Felipe Mendoza

Palace of Persepolis

Saracenic Architecture

Echinus

S-tiles

Agora

Entasis

Baroque
 Pagoda

Roman

Crepidoma

Amphi-Prostyle

Cenotaphs

Cheops / Chefren/
Mykerinos

Aljibe

Impluvium
Naos
Crypt
Bema

Console

Villa
Atrium House
Romanesque

Romanesque

Alvar Aalto
Tomas Mapua
Forum
Welton Becket

Chartres Cathedral

176
Greek
Ziggurat

Acanthus

Arch
 Triforium

Clerestory

Module

Tympanum
Arcade

Architrave

Entablature

Cornice, Frieze,
Architrave
Octagonal
13

Tokonama

Square

Hagia Sophia

Pediment

Pendentive

Narthex

Nave

Ambulatory

Cantharus

Exedra

Baldachino

Tabernacle

Niche
Minaret
Lacunaria
 Bayon

Mudejar

Crocket

Abacus
Capital
Plinth
Chancel
Frigidarium

Barasoain Church

Seraglio
Ziggurat
Mnesicles
Harem
Great Temple, Abu
Simbel
Great Temple, Abu
Simbel
Palm, Lotus, and
Papyrus
Mortuary and Cult
Temples
Mortuary Temple
Ziggurat
Pyramid

Cult Temple

Persian
Atlantes
Exedra
Peripteral
Stylobate
Stereobate
Gymnasium
 Pronaos, Naos, and
Epinaos
Pinacotheca
Prostyle

Intercolumniation

Eustyle
Areostyle
Systyle
1.5 Diameters
3 Diameters
Odeion
Circus
Colosseum
Wrestling
stadium
In Antis

Amphi-Antis

Gymnasium
Doric
Epidauros

Tuscan and Composite

Use of Concrete

Pantheon
Forum Romanum
Xerxes
Artaxerxes

Callicrates and Ictinus

Phidias
Lacus
Salientes
Circus Maximus

Vespasian / Domitian

Mnesicles
 Clepsydra

Treasury of Atreus

Theron
Libon
Cossutius
18
4-horse Chariot
Cyma Reversa
Key Pattern

Sculptured Reliefs

House #33

Bird's Beak
Peribolus
Domus
Podium
Bepidales
Opus Mixtum

Opus Incertum

Opus Recticulatum

Opus Quadratum

Basilica

Choragic Monument

Fret

Termini

Opus Tesselatum
Callimachus
Thalamus
Timber-enframed Portal

Etruscans
Insula

Nymphaeum

Renaissance
Louis Sullivan

Iñigo Jones

Hypostyle Hall

Thothmes I
Ptolemy III

Buckminster Fuller

Rock-Hewn Tombs

George Ramos
Tepidarium
Calidarium
Frigidarium
Sudatorium
Apodyteria
Unctuaria
Forum
East
South
West

Cancelli

Ambo

Bema

Apse

Statues
 Centralized

Anthemius and Isidorus

St. Sophia,
Constantinople
Little Metropole Cath.,
Athens

Nea Moni

Lantern

Cloisters

Ornamental Arcades

Worms Cathedral

Cathedral

Greek Cross
Latin Cross
Bernini
Dispensa
Falig
Minoru Yamasaki
Greek
Balteus
Roman
Agrippa
Prytaneion

Marcel Lajos Breuer

Felix Outerino Candela

Hypotrachelion
Doric
Ionic
Temple of Nike Apteros,
Athens

Tower of the Winds,

Athens

Acanthus and Dolphin

Greek
Papyrus

Cult Temple

Balneum
Cella
Triglyph
Le Corbusier
Eliel Saarinen

Frank Lloyd Wright

Hennevique
Jose Herrera
Juan Nakpil

Guillermo Tolentino

Shah Jahan

Telamones or Atlantes

Herms

Terms

Madrassah
Moscow

Erich Mendelsohn

John Ruskin and

William Moris
Eclecticism
Neo-Classism
Parti
Felipe Mendoza
 George Ramos
Juan Nakpil
Juan Nakpil

Morong Church

Panay Capiz

Antonio Sin Diong

Gabriel Formoso
George Ramos

Lamin

Zaguan

Bilik

Azotea

Dapogan

Louis Sullivan
Antonio Gaudi
Walter Gropius

Louis Khan

Le corbusier
Robert Mailart
Ludwig Mies Van De
Rohe
Adolf Loos

Frank Loyd Wright

EERo Saarinen
Kenzo tange
 Marcus Vitruvius
Ludwig Mies Van De
Rohe
Robert Venturi

Lao Tse

SOM

Willian Van Allen

Buckminster Fuller

Jorn Utzon

Frank Loyd Wright

Lucio Costa & Oscar

Niemeyer
Walter Gropius
Erich Mendelson
Le corbusuier
Leandro Locsin
Francisco Bobby
Manosa
CC. de cstro
Manuel manosa
IM pei
Eero Saarinen
Philip Jhonson
Antonio Gaudi
Joseph Paxton
Philip Jhonson

Maurice de Sully

Antonio Gaudi

Bruce Graham & SOM

Cass Gilbert

Frank Loyd Wright

Barma & Posnik
Le corbusuier

Marcel Brever

Mies van de Rohe

Philip Jhonson
Le corbusuier

Louis Khan
 Perret Auguste

Frank Loyd Wright

Eero Saarinen

Eliel Saarinen
 Pier Luigi Nervi

Robert Charles Venturi

 Kenzo Tange

Adolf Loos

Alvar Aalto

Auguste Perret

Antonio Gaudi

Benjamin Latrobe

Charles Rennie
Macintiosh

Cesar Pelli

Daniel Burnham

Daniel Libeskind

Eero Saarinen

Eliel Saarinen

Felix Candela

Frank Gehry

Frank Loyd Wright

Frei Otto
 Fumihiko Maki

Gustave Eiffel

Ieoh Ming Pei

Jorn Utzon

Joseph Paxton

Kenzo tange

Louis Sullivan

Louis Khan

Le corbusuier

Oscar Niemeyer

Mies van de Rohe

Michael graves

Moshe Safdie

Norman Foster

Philip Jhonson

Paul Rudolph

Philip Webb

Peter Eissenman

Pier Luigi Nervi

 Renzo Piano

Richard Meier

Reem Koolhaas

Robert Mailaart

Santiago Calatrava

Tadao Ando

Willian Van Allen

Wallace Harrison

Jacques Herzog and

Pierre de Meuron

Richard Rogers

Jean Nouvel

Eero Saarinen
DP Archts & Micheal
Wilford

W.S. Atkins & partners

Lord Norman Robert

Foster

SOM

Minoru Yamasaki

C.Y. lee & partners

Frank Gehry
 Frank Loyd Wright

SOM

Cesar Pelli

IM pei
Dennis Lau & NG Chun
Man

SHREVE, HARMON &

LAMB

Dennis Lau & NG Chun

Man
Bruce Graham

CESAR ANTONIO PELLI

IM pei
Shreve , Lamb &
Harmon
IM pei
Jacques Germain
Souflot

Sir Christopher Wren

John Wood

Robert de Cotte

Bruce Graham / SOM

Puente Colgante
 Masonic Temple,
Escolta

Crystal Arcade, Escolta

San Sebastian Church

Philippine Normal
School
Ambassador Hotel (4-
Storey)

PSB Building (Picache

Building)

Manila Hotel
Tomas Mapua
Carlos Barretto
Burke Building, Escolta
(1910's)
Juan Arelleno
Roque Ruano
Pablo Antonio
Daniel Doane
Daniel Burnham
S. Rowland
Harold Keys
William Birt
1925
1930
1941
Rufino Tower
Chaco Building
(Philtrust)
Crystal Arcade
(demolish)

Department of Health

Evangelista House

SM Megamall
 VIP Building

Department of Finance

Department of Tourism

Leyte Capitol
Lyric Theatre
(demolish)
Manila City Hall
Manila Hilton
Trader's Hotel (Holiday
Inn)
Iglesia ni Cristo
Nuestra Señora de
Guia
Our Lady of Lourdes
Church
Baclaran Church
(Mother of Perpetual
Help)

Insular Life Building

Union Church
UP Melchor Hall
UP Palama Hall

World Trade Exchange

Department of Foreign
Affairs (ADB)

SM Makati
Ateneo de Manila
University
Ateneo de Manila
University
FEU Hospital
Mormon Temple

Ambassador Hotel
 Manila Cathedral

Philippine Women's
University

Coconut Palace
(Tahanang Pilipino)

Corregidor Island
Landscaping
EDSA Shrine

Metrorail Stations (LRT)

Moonwalk Church

UE Chapel (Recto)

Metropolitan Museum

Glorietta
Greenbelt-3
Heritage Hotel
Manila Peninsula

Oakwood Towers

Prudential Bank
Building

Bonifacio Monument

Manila Golden Mosque

Philippine Heart Center

Batasan Pambansa

Don Bosco Chapel

Meralco Building
 Philippine Airlines
Building

Sta. Catalina College

Sto. Domingo Church

Union Church
(demolish)
Virra Mall
Court of Appeals

Metropolitan Theatre

National Museum /
Legilative Building

Post Office Building

Sariaya Municipal Hall

SMS Building
Supreme Court
Tayabas Capitol
UP Villamor Hall

Capitan Pepe Building

Elena Apartments

Ever Theatre

Manila Jockey Club

Philippine Trust
Building
Quezon City Hall
Quezon Institute
Quiapo Church
Rizal Theatre
(demolish)
Rufino Building
 San Carlos Seminary

San Lazaro …..

State Theatre

UP Administration Bldg

UP Library

Ayala Triangle Tower-1

CCP Theatre
Citibank Building
Cultural Center of the
Philippines
Folk Art's Theatre

Hyatt Regency Hotel

Makati Stock
Exhchange

Malacañang Palace

Mandarin Oriental
Manila

Manila International
Airport

Philippine Stock
Exchange
UP Chapel
Valle Verde Country
Club

Makati Medical Center

San Miguel Corporation

Center

La Fayette 1 & 2
Mehan Garden
 National Bureau of
Investigation

San Juan Municipal Hall

Bel-Air Apartment

Conception Theatre
(demolish)

FEU Main Building

Forum Theatre
Galaxy Theatre
Ideal Theatre
(demolish)

Manila Bulletin Building

Manila Polo Club

Forbes Tower
Rockwell Center
SM Centerpoint
SM Fairview
SM Southmall
Rizal Monument

College of St. Benilde

CEU Main Building

De La Salle University

Mapua Residence

PGH Nurse's Home

U.S.T. Engineering
Building (Sun Breaker)

JAKA Tower
 Robinson Tower
/Building

Robinson's Galleria

Robinson's PCI Tower

Robinson's Place
SM Cebu
SM City EDSA
Tutuban Mall
Twin Towers

The World Center

World Trade Center

Army Navy Club

Manila Hotel
Normal School
PGH (Philippine
General Hospital)
UP Manila
YMCA Arroceros

(PLDT) Ramon
Cojuangco Building

LKG Tower
Manila Peninsula

Prudential Bank Ayala

RCBC Plaza
(Yuchengco)
Ritz Towers
Pacific Plaza
Rufino Tower
Rufino Building

Shangrila Hotel Ayala

 Ateneo Professional
Schools Building

Atrium
Greenbelt
Greenbelt 2

Greenbelt Chapel

Oakwood Hotel (now

Ascott)
Philamlife Tower
BA Lepanto

China Bank Building

Asian Institute of
Management
Citibank Tower
Doña Narcisa De Leon
Building
New World Hotel
(Renaissance)

Hotel Nikko Manila

Garden (Dusit Hotel)

King's Court II

Makati Sports Club

PLDT Dela Rosa

Shangrila Grand Tower

RCBC Buendia

Metrobank Buendia

Pacific Star

The Columns Buendia

Development Bank of
the Philippines
 Le Metropole

St. Andrews Church

Amorsolo Square
(Amorsolo East West)

Coco Bank Makati

Don Bosco Chapel

Manila Polo Club

Colegio de San Agustin

Galleria De Magallanes

Magallanes Church

1322 Roxas

Admiral Apartments

Cultural Center of the

Philippines
CCP Theater

Boulevard-Alhambra
Building now Bel-Air
Apartments

Department of Finance

Department of Foreign
Affairs ADB

Metropolitan Museum

Coconut Palace
PICC
Philippine Plaza
(Sofitel)
 Manila Film Center/
Film Center of the
Philippines

Folk Arts Theater /

Tanghalang Francisco
Balagtas

GSIS Building CCP

National Arts Center

PHILCITE
Manila Hilton
Fort San Antonio De
Abad
Nuestra Señora de
Guia

Magsaysay Center

Central Bank of the

Philippines
Grand Boulevard Hotel
(Silahis Int'l)
Holiday Inn (Trader's
Hotel)

Hyatt Regency Hotel

Museo Pambata (Elks

Club Building)

Manila Hotel

Monterey Apartment

Manila Midtown Hotel

 Baclaran Church
(Mother of Perpetual
Help Church)

Manila International
Airport (NAIA 1)

Philippine Airlines Bldg

Galaxy Theater
Ideal Theater
Picache Building

Philippine Trust
Building (Plaza Goiti)

Quiapo Church
PNB Escolta
Avenue Theater
Casino Español

Instituto Cervantes

Ambassador Hotel

Arguelles Building

Paterno Building Sta.

Cruz
Army Navy Club

Assumption Convent

Capitol Theater
Ever Theater
Galaxy Theater
Lyric Theater
Ideal Theater
GSIS Building
Perez- Samanillo
Building
 Petrona Apartments

Captain Luis Gonzaga

Building

Captain Pepe Building

Cebe Plaza Building

Metropolitan Museum

Metropolitan Theater

Mehan Garden

Museo ng Maynila

Manila City Hall

National Library

Post Office Building

Planetarium

National Museum (Old

Legislative Building)

Crystal Arcade
Regina Building

Philippine Normal
School/ Philippine
Normal University

De La Salle University

Nurses Home (PGH)

PGH
National Burieau of
Investigation
 Manila Astral Tower

Department of Tourism
(agriculture and
commerce)

Manila Doctors Hospital

Philam Life UN Ave.

Ramon Roces
Publications Building

FEU Building
FEU Hospital
PLDT España
Gota De Leche
Far East Bank
Intramuros

Manila Cathedral

Manila Highschool

Palacio del Gobernador

National Press Club

San Agustin Church

Phoenix Building

Philippine Columbian
Clubhouse

Manila Railroad Station

Tutuban
Ali Mall

Araneta Coliseum
 Ateneo De Manila
University

Batasan Pambansa

Melchor Hall (College of

Engineering and
Architecture)

Benitez Hall ( College

of Education)

Quezon Hall (UP

Admin)

Palma Hall (UP Arts and

Science)

Bonifacio Monument

Central Bank of the

Philippines

Philippine Heart Center

Children's Memorial
Hospital / Lungsod ng
Kabataan Hospital

Philam Homes QC

Iglesia ni Kristo
Commonwealth
Quezon City Sports
Club
Quezon Institute

Quezon Memorial

Alexandra
Condominium
 Asian Development
Bank

One Corporate Center

Tiendesita's

Robinson's Galleria

Benguet Center

Renaissance 1000

Renaissance 2000

Development Academy
of the Philippnes

One San Miguel

San Miguel Building

Discovery Suites
Our Lady of Lourdes
Church
Tektite Towers
JMT Tower
SM Megamall
EDSA Plaza Hotel
EDSA Shrine
GT Tower

Wack-Wack Twin Towers

Medical City Hospital

Meralco Building
Loyola Memorial
Chapel
Metro Rail Transit
Stations (MRT)
Mormon Temple
Club Filipino
 One Beverly Place

White Cross Orphanage

also White Cross
Preventarium

Bellagio 1 and 2
Essensa Tower
Serendra

Alabang Golf and

Country Club

Alabang 400

Insular Life Alabang

Las Piñas Church

Restoration
Mary Immculate Parish
Church
Assumption College
Antipolo
Corregidor Island
Istana Nurul Iman
(Palace of Religious
Light)

Maya-Maya Resort

Pearl Farm

Negros Occidental
Provincial Capitol

Valley Golf Club

Imhotep
Itchinus, Callicarates ,
with Phidias
Mnesicles
Polykleitos
Acrippa
Apollodorus of
Damascus
Vespacian and
Domitian
James Hoban
Thorton, Latrobe,
Bulfinch
John Russel Pope
Robert Mills
Thomas Jefferson
Charles Bulfinch
James Renwick
Richard Upjohn
Thomas Jefferson
Pierre L'enfant

Frank Lloyd Wright

Frank Lloyd Wright

Frank Lloyd Wright

Frank Lloyd Wright

Frank Lloyd Wright

Frank Lloyd Wright

Frank Lloyd Wright

Joseph Strauss
Peirre Lescot
 Paul Abadie, Lucien
Magne

Domencio de Cortona

Richrad Rogers, Renzo

Piano
Maurice de Sully
Charles Garnier
Claude Mollet

Napoleon I

Gustave Eiffel
Le Corbusier
Le Corbusier

Gottfried Semper with

Karl Von Hasenaver

Georg Wenzeslaus Von

Knobelsdorf

Balthazar Neumann

Erich Mendelsohn
Sir Robert Smirke

Inigo Jones

William Chambers

Sir Christopher Wren

Lord Burlington
Sir Charles Barry
 Charles Rennie
Mackintosh

Sir George Goring

Isidoros and Anthemios

Arnolfo di Cambio

Antonio Gaudi
Antonio Gaudi
Antonio Gaudi

Emperor Shah Jahan

Antonio Estavillo

Benigno Fernandez

Genaro Palacios
Juan Macias

Fray Marcos Anton

Fray Juan de Albarran

Skidmore, Owings,
Merill
Skidmore, Owings,
Merill
 Kohn Pedersen Fox
Recio Casas
HOK
Kohn Pedersen Fox
Recio Casas
Arquitectonica
Skidmore, Owings,
Merill
Cesar Pelli &
Associates

Skidmore, Owings and

Merill

Skidmore, Owings and

Merill

Skidmore, Owings and

Merill
Shreve Lamb &
Harmon

Dennis Lau and Ng Chu

Man and Associates

I.M. Pei & Partners

NORR Group
Consultants

Hellmuth, Obata &

Kassabuam/Cy Lee

Edward D. Stone &

Skidmore, Owings and

Merill

K.Y. Cheung Design

Dennis Lau and Ng Chu
Man
Tom Wright of WS
Atkins

Plan Architect Co.

William Van Allen
Johnson/Burgee
Architects
Pei Cobb Freed and
Partners
Hijjas Kasturi
Associates
Peter Ellis, SOM
Pei Cobb Freed and
Partners

Baikdoosan Architects
&Engineers

Juan Nakpil
 Pablo Antonio

Juan Arellano

Federico Ilustre

Antonio Toledo

Cesar Concio

Carlos Arguelles
William Parson

Fernando Ocampo
 Daniel Burnham

William Parson

Arcadio Arellano

Andres Luna de san

Pedro

Leandro Locsin

Tomas Mapua

Tomas Arguelles
Carlos Baretto

Juan Nakpil

Pablo Antonio

Juan Arellano

Federico Ilustre

Antonio Toledo

Cesar Concio
 Cesar Concio

Carlos Arguelles

William Parson

Fernando Ocampo

Daniel Burnham

William Parson

Arcadio Arellano

Pablo Antonio

Gabriel Formoso (GF)

Antonio Herrera
 Fr. Roque Roano
Rufino Antonio

Jose Ma. Zaragosa

Carlos Santos Viola

Renato Punzalan ( 1995

UAP design Awardee
for Architecture)

Andres Luna de san

Pedro

Leandro Locsin

Francisco Manosa
 Antonio Sidiong

Rogelio Villarosa

Luis Araneta

Ruperto Gaite

Tomas Mapua

Tomas Arguelles
Carlos Baretto

Alfredo Luz

William Coscolluela

Jorge Ramos

Jose Zaragosa

Fernando Ocampo
 (PRS) PIMENTEL,
RODRIGUEZ, SIMBULAN
& PATNERS

LOCSIN & PARTNERS

RECIO + CASAS

GABRIEL FORMOSO &

PARTNERS

SOM

Palafox

Recto
PEI COBB FREED &
PARTNERS
ROMAN Dalinao
Joseph Ruiz
Fr. Diego cera

Salazar
Comporedando &
Gonzales
dela Madre
restored by Nakpil &
zaragosa

Macias

Minoro Yamasaki

Hezagon Architects

PRC Awardee 1996

 CHOICES D ANSWER

d. Jun Palafox B

d. baroque C
d. torii B
d. narthex B

d. pyramid of Chefren A

d. Reims cathedral A

d. Eero Saarinen D

D. Senusret A
d. Tomas Mapua B
d. Mykerinos C

d. Hagia Sophia D

d. Le Corbusier C
d. Canephora D

d. Alvar Aalto A

d. cortel A

d. entablature A

d. astylar B

d. Carlos Santos Viola A

d. pyramid of Chefren B

d. entablature B

d. tracery B
d. embrassures A

d. Carlos Santos Viola D

d. Zoser C
d. narthex C
d. torei B

d. square A

d. Alvar Aalto C

d. Zoser A

d. Van Alen D

d. apotheca B
d. anthemion B

d. apotheca D

d. Apotheca A

d. apotheca B
d. triangular A

d. Stoa B

d. Arch and vault A

d. byzantine A

d. silica B

d. embrassures C

d. 168 B

d. apotheca A

d. acropolis D
d. dipteral A

d. Arch and vault D

d. ionic C

d. marble D
d. prytaneion A

d. frieze A
d. 13 D

d. anthemion A

d. cortel D

d. public meetings B

d. Arch and vault C

d. medieval C

d. Rameses IV A

d. apotheca C

d. Felipe Mendoza A

d. John Ruskin and

D
William Moris

d. And Kiukok B

d. french cross A

d. George Ramos A

d. Erich Mendelsohn D

d. nave C

d. Felipe Mendoza B

d. french cross B

d. George Ramos D

d. tympanum B

d. Jonathan Gan B
d. Hennivique D

d. Juan Nakpil D

d. colloseum A
d. Cesar Concio B
d. south A
d. cancelli B
d. Shah Naser B

d. cancelli B

d. Laoag Cathedral A

d. Felipe Palafox C

d. Cesar Concio B
d. cancelli C

d. Felipe Mendoza D

d. Leandro Locsin A

d. nave A

d. cancelli A

d. Morong Church D

d. Cossutius B
d. Bernini C

d. Francisco Sanchez B

d. Cossutius and
B
Mnesicles
d. Coccutius D

d. Mudejar D

d. Agrippa D
d. Tadao Ando C

d. Welton Becket D

d. Gabriel Formoso A

d. Le Corbusier A

d. Amenemhat I B
d. Podium B

d. William Chambers B

d. opus quadratum D

d. Podium A
d. Cossutius C

d. opus quadratum C

d. Le Corbusier C

d. Walter Gropius B

d. opus quadratum A

d. Agrippa B
d. Podium C

d. opus quadratum A

d. Bernini A
d. Amenemhat I A

d. opus quadratum B

d. unctuaria C
d. south D

d. Aachen Cathedral,
A
Germany

d. Xerxes D
d. Circus Flaminius B

d. Liverpool Cathedral,
A
UK

d. thalamus A
d. thalamus A

d. anthemion B

d. prytaneion D
d. unctuaria B

d. cancelli D

d. thalamus C
d. thalamus B
d. unctuaria A

d. National University C

d. thalamus D
d. prytaneion B

d. Erich Mendelsohn A

d. apotheca C

d. unctuaria D

d. Tholos Tomb B

d. thalamus C

d. Theodosius II A

D. Bamberg Cathedral A

d. Forum Vinarium A

d. south B
d. centralized D
d. unctuaria A

d. mastaba C
d. Mario Botta A

d. Kiyonori Kikutake C

d. entertainment C

d. Neoclassical B

d. portico A

d. Antonio Toledo D

d. Indian D

d. balcony A

d. living quarters of
D
village elders

d. Cagayan C

d. thin shell
A
construction

d. niche D

d. trabeated and vault

A
style
d. IM Pei B

d. dema A

d. Betis chruch C

d. England C
d. European B

d. Union Tank Car

A
Dome

d. awning window B

d. Persia B

d. Romans D

d. Minden Cathedral C

d. Inigo Jones D

d. Michaelangelo A

d. Louis Sullivan D

d. Hatshepsut A

d. Granite C

d. Erecthion B
d. Propyleia A

d. Columniation A

d. Conrinthian A

d. Domical roof
D
construction

d. Stones A

d. Thermae C

d. Naos A

d. Wrestling C

d. Pteroma A

d. Forum Vinarium B

d. Guttae A

d. Guttae C

d. Guttae A