HIGH RISE BUILDINGS-ENCLOSURES PRECAST CONCRETE:

THE versatility of precast concrete makes it ideal for

Building enclosure: The innovative design of building enclosures relies less on successful past architectural applications. The
precedents than the application of building science. This is not because there is little to be exterior surface of a precast
learned from existing buildings, but is due to the changes in materials and methods that result concrete piece can vary from a
from building technology innovation. Combined with growing expectations for high form face finish similar to cast-in-
performance, building enclosure design is now required to satisfy a large number of place to an exposed aggregate
performance parameters that were not given a great deal of consideration in the past. Building finish that is highly ornamental.
enclosures were always expected to be durable and provide a degree of environmental Some precast panels act as
separation, but now they must address issues like energy efficiency, day lighting, indoor air column covers while others extend over several floors in height
quality, fire safety, thermal comfort, and carbon footprint. There is now a need to explicitly and incorporate window openings.
ensure these performance objectives are fully satisfied at the design stage. FIXING TYPE:
Materials used:

 Wood
 Precast concrete
 Glass
 Aluminum composite panels

Wood:

 The building science and physics for a high-rise

wood building enclosure are no different than
for a low-rise wood frame building.
 There are, however, differences in the selection
of appropriate materials along with the design
considerations to accommodate the increased
height and exposure to weather. Above-grade walls and roof systems may be constructed
out of wood, steel, or concrete depending on the building design, economics, and other
goals of the project
Fixing type:
1. platform wood frame infill with CLT floor and interior wall column/panel structure
CLT slabs require slimmer floors than joisted timber floor solutions because edge
distances are less likely to be an issue, structural fixings are
easier to provide and more likely to achieve their design
capacity
2. curtain-wall framing over post and beam structure with CLT
floor:
• CLT walls have high axial load capacity due to the bearing
area of load bearing elements
 Connection Detail – Dowel Pin
shrim bearing
CURTAIN WALL:
A curtain wall is defined as thin, usually aluminum-framed wall, containing in-fills of
glass, metal panels, or thin stone. The framing is attached to the building structure and
does not carry the floor or roof loads of the building. The wind and gravity loads of
the curtain wall are transferred to the building structure, typically at the floor line
FIXING TYPE:
Aluminum Composite panels:
Aluminum Composite Panel (ACP) is a general term for panels constructed from two
sheets of aluminum bonded to a core. Also known as Sandwich panel, it is a structure
made of three layers: ▪ Low density core inserted in between two relatively thin skin
layers.
▪ This sandwich setup allows to achieve excellent mechanical performance at minimal
weight.
▪ the very high rigidity of a sandwich panel is achieved thanks to interaction of its
components under flexural load applied to the panel. ▪ Core takes the shear loads and
 creates a distance between the skins which take the in-plane stresses, one skin in Structural glazing for high-rise building architecture
tension, the other in compression. Structural glazing for high-rise building architecture is a culmination of several
FIXING TYPE: factors:

 Aesthetics
 Signature designs
 Flexibility
 Robustness
Glass has a multitude of benefits for high-rise structures, the chief advantages being structural,
utility, and maintenance. Also, glass is the preferred choice of material because of its superiority
in terms of attributes like:

 Visual appeal
 Lightness
 Installation
 Customization

RESOURCES:
https://www.uroneelindia.com/documents/TECHNICAL%206%2010%202012.pdf
https://www.slideshare.net/bharat99wadhwa99/aluminium-composite-panel-66702627
https://www.google.com/search?
q=ALUMINIUM+CLADDING+FIXTURE&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjXh6vUi-
joAhWVTCsKHWo5CaEQ2-cCegQIABAA&oq=ALUMINIUM+CLADDING+FIX

Why is structural glazing widely adopted as an enclosure of high rise buildings?

 EXAMPLES:

Crystal
Building f eaturing Reynaers
CW 86 unitized curtain walling.

STICK SYSTEM:

The vast majority of curtain walls are installed long pieces (referred to as sticks) between floors Example for tick
vertically and between vertical members horizontally. Framing members may be fabricated in a system
shop, but all installation and glazing is typically performed at the jobsite. Stick curtain walls are
RESOURCES:
processed, manufactured at factory and assembled, installed and completed at site. This kind of
https://www.slideshare.net/aduiti/acp-and-glazing
curtain wall can be used for all outside surface types of buildings and especially suitable for
sophisticated and multiple joint structure architecture. ff331dd-a-62cb3a1a-s-sites.googlegroups.com/site/glasscurtainwallinstallation/system-types/stick-built-
system/glass-curtain-w

https://www.reynaers.com/en/introduction-unitised-curtain-
walling

UNITIZED SYSTEM: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326869538_Design_and_Development_of_Weatherproof_Seals_f

Unitized curtain walls entail factory fabrication and assembly of panels and may include or_Prefabricated_Construction_A_Methodological_Approach
factory glazing. These completed units are hung on the building structure to form the
building enclosure