182, 4.

Equation of Time
Table 5
A X iC c=A-X iC X A
1[ 5;30 1[ 5;30 0 0 360 1[ 5;30 1[ 5;30
15; 6,40 15;30 10 -0;23,20+ 350 25;30 25;53,20
24;43,20 25;30 20 0;46,40 340 15;30 16;16,40
@ 4;21 @ 5;30 30 1; 9 330 1{ 5;30 1{ 6;39
14; 1,40 15;30 40 1;28,20 320 25;30 26;58,20
23;43,40 25;30 50 1;46,20 310 15;30 17;16,20
<fl 3;29 <fl 5;30 60 2; 1 300 'Y' 5;30 'Y' 7;31
13;18 15;30 70 2;12 290 25;30 27;42
23;11 25;30 80 2;19 280 15;30 17;49
liP 3; 7 liP 5;30 90 2;23 270 )( 5;30 )( 7;53
13; 8,20 15;30 100 2;21,40 260 25;30 27;51,40
23;13,20 25;30 110 2;16,40 250 15;30 17;46,40
"'= 3;24 "'= 5;30 120 2; 6 240 = 5;30 = 7;36
13;37,40 15;30 130 1;52,20 230 25;30 27;22,20
23;55 25;30 140 1;35 220 15;30 17; 5
m. 4;16 m. 5;30 150 1;14 210 ~ 5;30 ~ 6;44
14;39,20 15;30 160 0;50,40 200 25;30 26;20,40
25; 3,20 25;30 170 -0;26,40+ 190 15;30 15;56,40
,!' 5;30 ,!' 5;30 180 0 180 ,!' 5;30 ,!' 5;30
The graph of Fig. 57 confirms Ptolemy's statement 6 that the maximum effect
of the equation of time will be found for a pair of observations made at solar
longitudes of approximately 111.0° and:::::: 15°, respectively.
We will come back to the discussion of the equation of time in connection
with Theon's Handy Tables (below V C 4, 3 B).
§ 3. Theory of the Moon. First Inequality; Latitude
1. Introduction
Book IV of the Almagest is devoted to the "simple" lunar theory, that is to
say to a cinematic model which assumes the moon moving (in retrograde direction)
on an epicycle which moves (in the direct sense) on a deferent in whose center
the observer is located. This model would be the exact equivalent of the cinematic
model for the solar motion 1 were it not for two features which are characteristic
for the theory of the moon: a) the apsidalline of the lunar orbit is rotating (in the
direct sense), and b) the lunar orbit, i.e. the common plane of the deferent and of
the epicycle, is inclined to the ecliptic. Since, however, the angle of this inclination
is small (5°), it will be ignored for the computation oflongitudes. The latitudes can
then be computed independently by the same method as the solar declinations.
6 Cf. above p. 62.
1 Because of the equivalence theorem (p. 57) we need not distinguish between an eccenter- and