SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS

Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF R.A. 8972 OR SOLO PARENT ACT OF

2000 IN THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF MUNICIPALITY OF
PLACER.

A Thesis Presented to
The Faculty of Juris Doctor
SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE-RECOLETOS
Surigao City

In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements of the Degree
JURIS DOCTOR

By:

MARIA LUZ E. ALABA

APRIL 2019
 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

ABSTRACT

Solo parents are those who are left alone with the responsibility of

rearing their children. The increasing number of solo parents has led the

national government to pass Republic Act 8972, or the Solo Parents’

Welfare Act of 2000. This law covers fathers or mothers who raise their

children by themselves, either because of the death of a spouse,

abandonment, separation, or even those who have children as a result of

rape. With the help of this law, solo parent employees and those who are

solely taking care of their children, can reap the exclusive benefits

provided by the government.

The researcher wants to determine if the Local Government of

Municipality Placer, Surigao del Norte do their duties and responsibilities

on the proper implementation of R.A. 8972 or Solo Parent Act of 2000. The

method is to evaluate the selected solo parents in Municipality of Placer if

the benefits and privileges given by this act are totally implemented.
 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Certificate
Prefatory Note (Optional) 1

1.0 Problem Rationale 4

Introduction 4
Statement of the Problem 6
Objectives 7
Significance 8
Scope and Limitations

2.0 The Research Literature

2.1 Literature Review
7
2.2 Theoretical Framework
18
2.3 Research Paradigm (Simulacrum or Framework) 23

3.0 Research Methods 24

3.1 Research Designs (…example for mix methods)

25
3.1.1 Case Study Design (…for example) 25

3.1.2Meaning 25
3.1.3Selection/Subjects and Study Site 26
3.1.4Data Measure 27

3.1.5Data Gathering Procedure 28

3.1.6Ethical Consideration 28
3.1.7Mode of Analysis (…for Qualitative Research)
28

3.2.1 Descriptive-Correlational (…for example) 28

3.2.2Meaning 29
 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

3.2.3Subjects and Study Site

29
3.2.4Data Measure/Instrumentation

30
3.2.5Data Gathering Procedure 31
3.2.6Ethical Considerations (VERY IMPORTANTsection!)

32
3.2.7Data Analysis (…for Quantitative Research)

32

References 33
Examples only! (remove those not applicable)
Appendix I: Permit to Conduct the Interviews

37
Appendix II: Request for Pertinent Data 38
Appendix III: Informed Consent for Research Participants

39
Appendix IV: Informed Consent for Research Participation
Recruited Concept Mapping Participants

40
Appendix V: Survey Questionnaires 41

Appendix VI: The Interview Protocol

44
Appendix VII: The Interview Protocol for Tutors/Reviewers
46
Appendix VIII: The Interview Protocol
47
Appendix IX: Concept Mapping Instrument
48
Appendix X: Documentary Analysis 49

Appendix XI: Timetable for Research

50
 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

Appendix XII: Budget Proposal

51

Curriculum Vitae 52
 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

It is a culture of having a complete and happy family is all the

people want to have and every child is a blessing from God. Mother is a

primary caregiver to the children and the Father provides all the resources

in order for them to live. Absence of parent someday will come, but then,

even though without the mother or father the children must be raise even

if they were all by themselves.

In this generation the number of the Solo Parents increases. The

researcher aims to know whether the benefits, programs and privileges

help solo parent and the children to ensure their development.

Solo parent refers to unmarried, separated, annulled and

widowed individual as well as any other person possessing the

qualification under section 3 (a) (9) and (10) of RA 8972 and its

Implementing Rules and Regulations who has taken the responsibility of

parenthood alone including women who became pregnant due to sexual

abuse and those whose spouses are detained or are physically or mentally

incapacitated. Single parenthood is a phenomenon that has always been in

existence and is as old as mankind.

 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

Being a Solo parent is really a huge responsibility. Isn’t it?

Nowadays people see that there are many Solo parent in the Philippines,

Being a solo parent is already a challenging role it’s really hard to work at

the same time raising for your child. Doing an excellent job raising their

children singlehandedly. Solo parents are considered a vulnerable sector

since they shoulder the challenges of parenthood by themselves; they

must be given special protection. Solo parents are faced with many trials.

Along are the problems on financial, emotional, and social aspects. But

even though it is hard to be a single parent, it also has a good result when

it comes to the relationship between the parent and child.

Under Republic Act No. 8972, an act providing benefits and

privileges to solo parents and their children appropriating funds therefore

and for other purposes is unto the national government. Its agencies and

instrumentalities, by this local legislation the Municipality of Placer

formally imposed upon itself the obligation to provide their solo parents

and their children the welfare services and special privileges and benefits

that the law has enumerated such as livelihood assistance, parent

effectiveness, and critical incidence stress debriefing. In addition to the

welfare services and benefits provided by law, solo parents and their

children shall be entitled to the following benefits: tertiary scholarship

 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

assistance, basic educational services, housing services, death or burial

assistance, medical assistance, livelihood assistance and other benefits and

services that the city currently giving or may subsequently offer.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

In general, this study aims to determine the extent of

implementation of RA 8972 or the Solo Parents’ Welfare Act of 2000 in the

Local Government of Municipality of Placer.

Specifically, it aims to answer the following questions:

1. What is the profile of Solo Parent in the Municipality of Placer with

regard to:

A. Sex

B. Age

C. Educational Background

D. Occupation

E. Civil/Marital Status

F. Number of Children

2. What are the benefits and privileges of R.A. 8972 being offered to the

solo parent as to:

A. Financial/Livelihood Assistance
 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

B. Parent Effectiveness Service

C. Scholarships

D. Medical Assistance

3. What is the assessment of the support given to them by the local

government

A. Barangay

B. Municipality?

4. What are the flaws and constraints encountered in the implementation

of the provision of services, privileges and benefits under R.A. 8972 or the

Solo Parents’ Welfare Act 2000?

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY:

The significance of this study is to determine the effectiveness of

the Implementation of Republic Act 8972 also known as the Solo Parents’

Welfare Act of 2000. To determine if the governments do their duties and

responsibilities to implement this act until to the smallest unit of the

society is the reason this research is conducted.

This study can help the solo parent to know what the benefits are

given by the government, to be able them to perform their task on their

children and able to know their rights.

 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

This study will also help the local government of Municipality of

Placer to boost their economy by giving the right and equal benefits of the

solo parent, the parent then will use it as inspiration because the

government takes care of them so they will work hard and will give the

right amount of taxes.

It is also for the awareness and information of the social workers

when it comes to the benefits given to the solo parents, as well as through

this study they will be informed if the implementation of the

aforementioned act were properly implemented to the identified solo

parents.

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS:

This study is concerned with the implementation of the solo

parents’ welfare act 2000 in the local government of the municipality of

Placer. The characteristics of solo parents were assessed in terms of their

demographic profile, namely: sex, age, educational background,

occupation, civil/marital status, and number of children.

Welfare services, privileges, and benefits of solo parents received in

terms of tertiary scholar, basic educational services, medical assistance,

 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

and other services both in the barangay and the town proper of

Municipality of Placer.

The respondents of this study will be the selected solo parents

coming from 21 barangays of Municipality of Placer. Respondents outside

Municipality of Placer were excluded in this study.

DEFINITION OF TERMS:

To ensure accurate and consistent understanding of the study, the

following terms are hereby operationally defined:

Single parent families – the families with children headed by only

one parent.

Solo Parent (defined)

Demographic profile – refers to the physical attribution of the

respondents. It includes age, gender, number of years being a solo parent,

monthly income, number of children, occupation, and educational

attainment.

Benefits given by R.A.8972- refers to how and what the

respondent received as R.A. 8972 indicates on the different aspects.

Financial/ Livelihood Assistance - refers to livelihood

development services which include trainings on livelihood skills, basic

 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

business management, value orientation and the provision of seed capital

or job placement.

Parent Effectiveness Service - refers to include the provision and

expansion of knowledge and skills of the solo parent on early childhood

development, behavior management, health care, rights and duties of

parents and children.

Scholarship - refers to educational privilege that solo parent and

his/ her children acquired.

Parental Leave - refers to leave benefits granted to a solo parent to

enable him/her to perform parental duties and responsibilities where

physical presence is required.

 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

CHAPTER 2

THE RESEARCH LITERATURE

This chapter presents the review of related research about “The

Implementation of Solo Parents’ Welfare Act in the local government of

Municipality of Placer”. The materials cited in this chapter are very

important because it helps the researcher to have broad information about

the study. Related literature and studies which contains references of facts

information gathered and explored by the researcher to serves as guide

and database to support the study and be helpful for developing and

acquiring new knowledge which will be applicable in the present time.

2.1Review of the Literature

A. Local Literature

In the study of Paunan (2018), Are you a Solo Parent? Know your

rights states that being a SOLO PARENT or single parent is provided with

benefits and privileges such as solo parent leave, housing and educational

benefits as assistance to them according to REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8972

otherwise known as SOLO PARENTS’ WELFARE ACT OF 2000.

According to his study, there are stand-alone solo parents in their families
 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

because of marital separation, death of a partner, and poverty. As a result,

our lawmakers enacted a law to help "solo parents".

Section 2 of this act describes on how the services reached by solo

parents and the purpose why this act is made. Different agencies had been

mentioned to be partners with the main concern, the DSWD. It stated that

it is the policy of the State to promote the family as the foundation of the

nation, strengthen its solidarity and ensure its total development.

Towards this end, it shall develop a comprehensive program of services

for solo parents and their children to be carried out by the Department of

Social Welfare and Development (DSWD), the Department of Health

(DOH), the Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS), the

Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG), the

Commission on Higher Education (CHED), the Technical Education and

Skills Development Authority (TESDA), the National Housing Authority

(NHA), the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) and other

related government and nongovernment agencies. It stated that not just

DSWD has a responsibility but it is a joint collaboration with different

branches of Executive Department to ensure the package of services will

be given to beneficiary of this act and its nearest social ecosystem. This act

promulgates the social function not only the solo parents but its social
 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

circle including his/ her family as the basic unit of society. Therefore,

clarifies the beneficiary of this act thus, it can be a great help to families

headed by solo parent.

According to Philippine Daily Inquirer article entitled “More

benefits for Single parent” the most costly for employers is the “single-

parent leave” of seven working days every year, in addition to an existing

five-day service incentive leave, the seven day paternity leave and the

maternity leave for pregnant women, which is two weeks prior and four

weeks after delivery and CBA provided vacation and sick leave.

The single parent law also grants education benefits in the form of

scholarship programs and non-formal education programs. It also grants

housing benefits to single parents. This very Erap-like, the fraction of

housing and a special love for single parents. The law also grants

comprehensive health care programs for solo parents and their children

on top of PhilHealth or Medicare. (Jimenez, 2001)

According to Philippine Daily Inquirer, single parents often find

themselves desperate for resources to support the young children often

left in their custody, according to provisions in the Family Code. As one

single mother explains it, the stigma “often focuses on the circumstances

on why some women became solo parents rather than how they can be the
 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

best parent even without a partner”. Which makes the Solo Parents’

Welfare Act of 2000, or republic act no. 8972, a welcome relief? This

progressive piece of legislation focuses on the evolving nature of Filipino

families, and the need to acknowledge and support alternative versions of

this basic unit of society.

The law also addresses the discrimination that children of Solo

parents often experience from private schools that would insist on

traditional notions of a nuclear family. Among other benefits, RA 8972

allows single mothers flexible work hours, as long as this does not affect

their work performance. They may also avail themselves of educational

benefits from the Department of Education, The Commission on Higher

Education and Technical education and skills development authority

(TESDA). (Aragon, 2015)

Moreover, Solis et. al (2015) endeavored to test significant

relationship between the levels of single working mother. The study

identified the profile of the single mothers in terms of number of children,

number of years as a single parent and reason for being a single parent.

According to Education Next  series on the state of the American

family (2015) Single parents tend to have fewer financial resources, for
 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

example, limiting their ability to invest in their children’s development.

Single parents may also have less time to spend with their children, and

partnership instability may subject these parents to psychological and

emotional stresses that worsen the nurturing environment for children.

Sec. Soliman states in the amendments of the solo parent law (2015)

Solo parents are considered a vulnerable sector of our society. Since child

rearing requires both parents, and doing it on your own makes it doubly

difficult, hence, they must be given special protection.

This study shows that solo parent has a lot of benefits and

privileges given by the government that will help them to provide the

needs of their children when it comes to their daily living. It shows that

being a solo parent is not easy because they are the one who support all

the needs of their children.

Solo parent must be given protection by the government because

they make their own living by themselves. A lot of solo parent are

experiencing depression and stress because they are carrying the

problems on their own.

Solo parents find hope amid challenges through the Pantawid

Pamilyang Pilipinong Program (4Ps) of the Department of Social Welfare

and Development (DSWD) 4Ps is the Aquino administration’s poverty-

 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

alleviation program, which has assisted over 4 million households. The

program provides cash, education and health assistance to poor families

on the condition that their children are enrolled in schools and that they

undergo health check-ups. Being a solo parent is not a hindrance to

securing a good future for their children. 4Ps requires parent beneficiaries

to attend Family Development Sessions (FDS), where they are trained on

effective parenting. Child development, gender and development, and

home management. FDS also orients them about the rights and an

obligation of each family member has. These projects can help augment

the income of families led by solo parents. (Reyes, 2014)

The plight of single mothers as workers burdened with the

responsibility of being sole bread winner has prompted some lawmakers

to seek amendments to the law to support this vulnerable sector even

more. The proposed amendments include an increase in tax exemptions,

the provisions of PhilHealth cards for solo parents living below the

poverty line, discounts on products, food supplements and medical

supplies needed by very young children, and increasing the age of a solo

parents dependent from 18-21. More significantly, the suggested changes

have increased the accountability of employers, some of whom look

unkindly at single mother because of the perception of their reduced

 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

productivity as they juggle twin responsibilities at work and at home. To

address work discrimination, one of the proposed amendments seeks to

penalize employers who fail to provide solo parents the benefits due to

them under R.A 8972, with a fine of 50,000 or one-year imprisonment, or

both. (Tajonera 2012)

Foreign Studies

According to study entitled “Solo parents and employment in

Europe” states that for women with children who have a cohabitating

spouse or partner, 90.5 per cent are employed (55.4per cent full-time). For

single mothers, 84.1 per cent are employed; with 47.9 per cent employed

fulltime. Employment for mothers with partners (hereafter we use the

term “partners” irrespective of marital status) is higher than the European

employment average for all women. Across the majority of countries,

mothers with partners have noticeably higher rates of participation in the

labour force compared to single mothers. This is a critical finding which

may explain an increasing socio-economic gap between single parents and

those with partners: Mothers with partners are able to share responsibility

as well as contribute to household income, whereas single parents are less

able to provide even a single source of income. (Bird and Ruggeri, 2014).
 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

Various studies about solo parent have been published. It denotes

the need of study regarding implementation of R. A. 8982 at all sectors of

the society. Delos Reyes, D. B. G. 2018 (pg. 34) in their study

“Implementation of Solo Parents Welfare Act of 2000 or RA 8972 for the

Single Mothers Employed in DBP Service Corporation Manila” as

recommended that seminars will be conducted in relation of this act. Also,

Fajardo et. Al. (2014, pg.33) concluded that the role performance of the

solo-fathers are affected by the problem that they encounter. Therefore,

the effectiveness of Solo Welfare act of 2000 must needed to be study for

further research for solo parents.

The related literatures included in this study have been found

relevant to this present study. According to Paunan (2018) and Hon.

Legacion both implied that solo parent must be given privileges and

benefits such as solo parent leave, housing and educational benefits as

assistance to them and , as an aspect to this issue they bear the heavy

burden of raising the family and providing their children a better future.

the idea is also proven true with the Education Next series on the state of

the American family (2015) that the Single parents tend to have fewer

financial resources, for example, limiting their ability to invest in their

children’s development. Single parents may also have less time to spend
 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

with their children. Furthermore, the study of Solis et. al (2015) and Sec.

Soliman (2015) solo parent Solo parents are considered a vulnerable sector

of our society. Since child rearing requires both parents, and doing it on

your own makes it doubly difficult, hence, they must be given special

protection.

Similarity and differences occurs with the various literature and

studies presented in this chapter. In connection with current study which

is the implementation of the solo parent welfare act 2000 in municipality

of Placer.
 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

CHAPTER 3

THE RESEARCH METHODS

Research design

This study will make use of the descriptive method of research. As

per Ethridge, D. E (2004) “descriptive research may be characterized as

simply the attempt to determine, describe or identify what is, while

analytical research attempts to establish why it is that way or how it came

to be”, and Fox, W. & Bayat, M.S. (2007) Descriptive research is “aimed at

casting light on current issues or problems through a process of data

collection that enables them to describe the situation more completely

than was possible without employing this method”. With these assertions,

the researcher considers the descriptive method of research is the most

effective method for gathering data because descriptive research is used to

describe characteristics and/or behavior of sample population.

Futhermore, Gay (1976) defines descriptive method as “ involving

collection of data in order to test the hypothesis or to answer questions

concerning the current status of the subject of the study.

 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

Since the study of Republic Act No.8972 – Solo Parents’ Welfare Act

2000 is inclined with gathering data about its implementation, status, and

current implications; the descriptive method of research is the most

effective method.

Research respondents

Survey questionnaires, and interview guides are intended to solo

parents coming from 21 barangays of Municipality of Placer that are

randomly selected.

Research Instruments

The researcher will formulate a questioner which is to be used in

obtaining the data in two (2) parts namely: First, Part 1 which is the profile

of the respondent and lastly, benefits of Solo Parents’ Welfare Act of 2000

as the result of the effectiveness of the implementation of Solo Parents’

Welfare Act of 2000.

On the first part, it consists of profile of respondent. It answers the

age, sex, number of years being solo parent, monthly income, and number

of children, occupation, and educational attainment. On the second part,

the benefits of R. A. 8972 in terms of which are the benefits and privileges

of R.A 8972 being offered to the solo parent as to: Financial/ Livelihood
 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

Assistance, Scholarships, Parent Effectiveness Service and Parental Leave.

Each has Five (5) questions to scale the effectiveness of the

implementation of Solo Parents’ Welfare Act of 2000.

Data Measure:

Data Gathering Procedure

A prior interview will be conducted by the researcher regarding the

implementation od

The researcher will have the permission to Municipal Social

Welfare and Development Office (MSWD) through letter that can we give

questioner to the beneficiaries of Solo Parents’ Welfare Act of 2000.

Surveying method is the type of gathering the data. Furthermore, we ask

also their participation to have access to the respondent. After we gather

data, since it is quantitative research, we ask the statistician to tally the

result of questioner.

Ethical Consideration
 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

Data Analysis

Quantitative research analysis uses numbers to identify the effectiveness

of the implementation of Solo Parents’ Welfare Act of 2000. The

statistician interpret the data by using tables that indicate the summary of

tallies that we gather. Afterwards, we analyzed it by using the indicators

we presented in this paper.

 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Internet generated Philippines Laws:

1. Republic Act No.8972 otherwise known as “AN ACT PROVIDING
FOR BENEFITS AND PRIVILEGES TO SOLO PARENTS AND
THEIR CHILDREN, APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR AND
FOR OTHER PURPOSE”. Retrieved from
https://www.lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2000/ra_8972_2000.
html.
2. REPUBLIC ACT No. 11210, An Act Increasing the Maternity Leave
Period to One Hundred Five (105) Days for Female Workers With
an Option to Extend for an Additional Thirty (30) Days Without
Pay, and Granting an Additional Fifteen (15) Days for Solo
Mothers, and for Other Purposes. Retrieved from
https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2019/ra_11210_2019.html.

3. SENATE BILL NO. 10936, AN ACT AMENDING REPUBLIC ACT

8972 OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE ACT PROVIDING FOR
BENEFITS AND PRIVILEGES TO SOLO PARENTS AND THEIR
CHILDREN, APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR, AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES. Retrieved from
https://www.senate.gov.ph/lis/bill_res.aspx?
congress=17&q=SBN-1747
4. Philippines. 2009. Republic Act No. 9710. An Act Providing for the
Magna Carta of Women. [Accessed 5 Jan. 2017]

Journals:

5. Philippines. 1987. Executive Order No. 209. The Family Code of the
Philippines. [Accessed 26 Jan. 2017]

6. Impact of Financial Hardship on Single Parents: An Exploration of

the Journey from Social Distress to Seeking Help. Retrieved from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5932102/
7. Bayanihan. 7 November 2016. Criselda David. "Solo Parents Need
Help of Community - DSWD." [Accessed 9 Jan. 2017]
8. Philippines. N.d. Department of Social Welfare and Development
(DSWD). "About Us." [Accessed 2 Feb. 2017]
 SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

9. Philippine Information Agency (PIA). 18 September 2016.

"Amendments to Solo Parents' Welfare Act Part of DSWD’s
Legislative Agenda." [Accessed 9 Jan. 2017]
10. Philippine Information Agency (PIA). 25 August 2016. "DSWD
Appeals for More Benefits, Support for the Country’s Solo Parents."
[Accessed 9 Jan. 2017]
11. Rappler.com. 11 May 2014. Carina A. Javier. "'Nay-Tay': The Plight
of Solo Parents." [Accessed 9 Jan. 2017]
12. United Solo Parents of the Philippines. N.d. Federation of Solo
Parents in Luzvimin-United Solo Parents of the Philippines Position
Paper. Sent to the Research Directorate by Carina Javier, 17 January
2017.

Related Thesis Studies:

2
13. Thesis Solo Parenting. (2016, Oct. 21). Retrieved from
https://studymoose.com/thesis-solo-parenting-essay
14. Delos Reyes, D. B. G. (2018). Implementation of Solo Parents
Welfare Act of 2000 or RA 8972 for the Single Mothers Employed in
DBP Service Corporation. Manila: Colegio de San Juan de Letran.
(Thesis LG 995 .D362 2018) T6261

Annice D. Yarber; Paul M. Sharp. (2010).Focus on Single-Parent Families:

Past, Present, and Future.

SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City
SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE- RECOLETOS
Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

Curriculum Vitae

Insert
your
picture
here

Limit to one (1) page !