ESTUDIANDO PARA EL INGLÉS

1. Pronouns and adjectives

Subject Object Reflexive Possessive Possessive
pronouns pronouns pronouns pronouns adjectives
I ME (yo) MYSELF MINE (mío, MY (mi, mis)
mía, míos)
YOU YOU(tu) YOURSELF YOURS (tuyo) YOUR (su)
HE HIM (el) HIMSELF HIS (suyo) HIS
SHE HER(ella) HERSELF HERS (suya) HER (su
IT IT (el cosa, ITSELF - ITS
animal o
lugar)
WE US (niostros) OURSELVES OURS OUR
(nuestro, (nuestra)
nuestros)
YOU YOU(ustedes) YOURSELVES YOURS YOUR (sus)
(tuyos)
THEY THEM(ellos) THEMSELVES THEIRS THEIR
(suyos)
we study I tell you SHE HIT THIS PENCIL THIS CAR IS
English. I love you HERSELF(van IS MINE MY CAR.
Conjugan un (Van solos después del THOSE THOSE PENS
verbo después de verbo) NOTBOOKS ARE OUR
una ARE HIS. PENS.(se
preposición, utilizan
van solos. después de
Llámale un
Llámalos sustantivo)
Con ella
Con nosotros,
Para ella,
dime,
contigo,)
I ME MYSELF MINE MY
YOU YOU YOURSELF YOURS YOUR
HE HIM HIMSELF HIS HIS
SHE HER HERSELF HERS HER
IT IT ITSELF - ITS
WE US OURSELVES OURS OUR
YOU YOU YOURSELVES YOURS YOUR
THEY THEM THEMSELVES THEIRS THEIR

ORACIONES:
SP:
 I PLAYED THE GUITAR AT THE ROCK CONCERT.
 HE READS A LITERATURE BOOK.
OP:
 HE BOUGHT AN ICE CREAM FOR HER.
 I WALK WITH THEM.
RP:
 SHE HIT HERSELF.
 I CUT MYSELF WHILE COOKING
PP:
 THESE NOTEBOOKS ARE MINE.
 THIS HAT IS FOR HERS.
PA:
 THAT GUITAR IS MY GUITAR.
 THOSE BALLS SON OUR BALLS.
ASKING QUESTIONS:
BE:
 ARE YOU THE BROTHER OF JUAN? /ARE YOU JUAN´S
BROTHER?
YES, I AM
 WAS SHE AT THE PARTY?
NO, SHE WASN’T
DO (PAG 25):
 DO YOU WEAR GLASSES?
YES. I DO
 DO YOU DRINK COFFEE IN THE MORNING?
 NO, I DON’T. I DRINK TEA IN THE MORNIG BECAUSE I
DONT LIKE THE COFFEE
HAVE (PAG 25)
 DO YOU HAVE ANY SISTERS OR BROTHERS?
YES, I HAVE ONE SISTERS
 DO SHE HAVE GREEN EYES?
CAN (PAG 43 AND 44)
 CAN YOU HELP ME WITH MY ENGLISH HOMEWORK?
YES, I CAN
 CAN HE COOK FOR THE DINNER?
YES, HE CAN.
WHAT:
 WHAT IS YOUR LAST NAME?
 WHAT DO YOU STUDY?

WHERE:
  WHERE ARE YOUR PARENTS?
 WHERE DO YOU LIVE?
WHEN:
 WHEN IS YOUR BIRTHDAY?
 WHEN IS THE PARTY?
HOW:
 HOW DO YOU SPELL YOUR NAME?
 HOW OLD ARE YOU?
WHY
 WHY YOU STUDY PSYCHOLOGY?
 WHY DIDN’T HE COME TO THE PARTY?
WHO
 WHO IS THE AUTHOR OF THIS BOOK?
 WHO IS YOUR ENGLISH TEACHER?
DIALOGUE AND DIRECTIONS (PAG 43 AND 74)
JOSSEPH: HI, XIMENA. WELCOME. COME IN AN MAKE YOURSELF
AT HOME. PLEASE SIT.
XIMENA: THANK YOU. VERY KIN JOSSEPH.
JOSSEPH: WOULD YOU LIKE COFFEE, TEA OR WATER?
XIMENA: YES, I WOULD LIKE SOME COFFEE. MAY I HAVE A
COOKIE?
JOSSEPH: OF COURSE! HERE YOU ARE.
XIMENA: CAN I USE YOUR RESTROOM? I WENT TO WASH MY
HANDS.
JOSSEPH: OF COURSE. IT´S DOWN THE HALL ON THE RIGHT.
XIMENA: THANK YOU JOSSEPH. I’LL BE RIGHT BACK…
JOSSEPH: PLEASE SIT, WOULD YOU LIKE TO WATCH TV?
XIMENA: NO, THANK YOU. I WOULD LIKE TO LISEN TO MUSIC.
JOSSEPH: OK, GREAT IDEA!
THE BLENDER:
FIRST, PLUG IN THE BLENDER.
SECOND, ADD THE FRUITS, CLOSE THE BLENDER LID.
THEN, PRESS ON THE GREEN BUTTON TO TURN ON AND BLEND
FOR THREE MINUTES.
NEXT, PRESS THE RED BUTTON TO TURN OFF.
NOW, UNPLUG THE BLENDER
FINALLY, SERVE THE JUICE AND ENJOY.
THE MICROWAVE:
FIRST, PLUG IN THE MICROWAVE AND PUT IN THE FOOD IN A
GLASS CONTAINER.
SECOND, OPEN THE MICROWAVE AND PUT IN THE FOOD TO
HEAT.
THEN, CLOSE THE MICROWAVE AND SELECT THE TIME TO HEAT
THE FOOD.
NEXT, PRESS THE START BUTTON AND WAIT FOR THE
MICROWAVE WEARNING.
NOW, OPEN THE MICROWAVE AND TAKE OUT THE FOOD
FINALLY, UNPLUG THE MICROWAVE AND YOU CAN ENJOY THE
FOOD.
 2. CLOSE CERRAR
3. OPEN ABRIR
4. PRESS PRESIONA
R
5. PUSH EMPUJAR
6. PULL JALAR
7. PUT IN PONER EN TAKE OUT SACAR DE
8. PLUG IN ENCHUFAR UNPLUG DESENCHUFAR
9. TURN ON ENCENDER TURN OFF APAGAR
10. TURN UP SUBIR TURN OFF BAJAR

MANY/MUCH/LOTS OF/A LOT/A LOT OF (PAG 53 AND 55)

HOW MUCH HOW MANY
(CUANTO, CUANTA) (CUANTOS, CUANTAS)
SINGULAR PLURAL
MUCH IS USED WITH UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS. MANY IS USED WITH COUNTABLE NOUNS AND
PLURAL NOUNS
IS, WAS ARE, WERE
MUCH (MUCHO, MUCHA) MANY (MUCHOS, MUCHAS)
NEGATIVE: POSITIVE: NEGATIVE
LITTLE/ A LITTLE OF POCO, POCA FEW POCOS, POCAS

A LOT OF/LOTS OF MUCHO, MUCHA, UN A LOT OF/LOTS OF MUCHOS, MUCHAS, UN

A LOT OF AND LOTS OF MONTÓN MONTÓN
ARE USED WITH BOTH AFIRMATIVO
COUNTABLE NOUNS,
PLURAL NOUNS AND
UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS
A LOT MUCHO, MUCHA A LOT MUCHOS, MUCHAS
A LOT IS USED AT THE AL FINAL AL FINAL
END OF A SETENCE,
AFTER A VERB

WE USE THE DETERMINERS MUCH, MANY A LOT OF, AND LOTS

OF TO TALK ABOUT QUANTITY.
WE USE A LOT TO TALK ABOUT FREQUENCY
PREPOSITIONS:
AT
IN
ON
ACROSS CARA A CARA
FROM=opossite
ABOVE SOBRE
BETWEEN ENTRE
BESIDE DETRÁS DE
BEHIND=NEX TO A LADO DE
IN FRONT OF EN FRENTE DE
UPSTAIRS UN PISO MAS ABAJO
DOWNTAIRS UN PISO MAS ARRIBA

MODALS(135)
CAN (PUEDES)
 CAN I BORROW YOUR ERASER?
 I CAN DANCE SALSA
MAY (PUEDO)
 MAY I HAVE SOME COFFEE?
 MAY I PLEASE SEE A MENU?
COULD (PODRÍAS)
 COULD YOU COME TO MY HOUSE FOR DINNER?
 COULD YOU HELP ME WITH MY HOMEWORK?
WOULD+LIKE ( GUSTARÍA)
 WOULD YOU LIKE TO GO TO THE GYM?
 I WOULD LIKE TO LEARN THE PIANO.
SHOULD(DEBERIA)
 SHOULD I GET A TAXI OR TAKE THE BUS?
 YOU SHOULDN´T GO TO THE PARTY
 BE GOING TO (111, 113)
PROXIMO A SUCEDER (VOY A, VAS A, VAMOS A)
SUBJECT + VERB TO + GOIN + BASE + COMPLEMENT
PRONOUN BE G TO VER O
A S PRESENT

SUBJECT + VERB TO + GOIN + BASE + COMPLEMENT

PRONOUN BE G TO VER O
N S PRESENT B

VERB TO + SUBJECT + GOIN + BASE + COMPLEMENT

BE PRONOUN G TO VER O
Q PRESENT S B

A: YES, I AM
A: NO. I´M NOT
WH + SUBJECT PRONOUNS+COMPLEMENT+ GOING TO+VERN TO BE PRESENT+BASE
VERB?
WHAT WHAT IS THE WEATHER GOING TO BE
WHER LIKE?
E
WHEN
HOW
WHO
WHY
DIFERENCIA
GO(PRESENT) GOING TO(FUTURE)
SE USA PARA VIAJES O CAMBIAR DE SE USA PARA EXPERSAR PLANES O EVENTOS
UBICACIÓN FUTUROS
SENTENCES:
 HE IS GOING TO SING IN THE TEATHER.
 YOU ARE GOING TO MOD THE SECOND FLOOR
TOMORROW.
 I AM GOING TO INVITE MY UNCLES FOR MY BIRHTDAY.
MAKE SUGGESTIONS:
HOW ABOUT+NOUN? QUE TAL
HOW ABOUT+GERUND? QUE TAL
HOW ABOUT+WE+BASE VERB? ¿QUÉ TAL SÍ?
LET´S+BASE VERB VAMOS…
WHY DON´T WE+BASE VERB? POR QUE
NOSOTROS NO

 HOW ABOUT WE GO TO THE BEACH THIS SUMMER?

 WHY DON´T WE GO SKIING TOMORROW?
PAST SIMPLE (PAG 153)
 I STUDIED FOR THE ENGLISH YESTERDAY.
 HE PLAYED THE PIANO LAST YEAR.
 I TAUGH MATHS MY SISTER LAST MONTH.
 MY BROTHER GRATUATED IN 2018.
 YOU WERE AT THE PARTY LAST WEEKEND.
GIVING DIRECTIONS (PAG 61, 63)

IS THERE A GYM IN THE HOTEL?

YES, THERE IS. IT’S ON THE THIRD FLOOR. FROM THE ELEVATOR,
A TAKE A RIGHT AND YOU ‘LL SEE IT NEX TO THE SHOP.
HOW DO I GET TO THE BAR?
GO UPSTAIRS TO THE LOBBY. IT´S NEX TO THE COFFEE SHOP.
DESCRIBING PEOPLE
BE HAVE WEAR
BE+ADJECTIVE HAVE+NOUN+ PART BODY WEAR+NOUN
SOME AND ANY
SOME + ANY -
ALGO DE, UNOS AS, ALGUNAS AS NADA DE, ALGO DE, NINGUN A
OFRECE

DETERMINERS
SINGULAR PLURAL
THAT(ESA ESO) THESE(ESOS, ESAS)

THIS(ESTA, ESTO) THOSE(ESTAS, ESTOS)

A SOLO SE UTILIZAN PARA

AN CONTABLES, SUSTANTIVOS
SINGULARES

LIKE/WANT/NEED (125)
VERB NOUN FULL INFINITIVE GERUND
LIKE HE LIKE THE GUITAR I LIKE TO WALK ALONE I LIKE COOKING
WANT WE WENT AN ICE CREAM SHE WENT TO STUDY X
FOR THE ENGLISH
EXAM
NEED THEY NEED THEIR SHOES YOU NEED TO GO TO X
THE DOCTOR

PERFECT AND PROGRESSIVE TENSE (154)

 PERFECT TENSE
PRESENT PERFECT
HAVE-HAS (tener-haber)
INFINITIVO PASADO SIMPLE PASADO PARTICIPIO
TERMINACION ADO-
IDO
WALK (caminar) WALKED (camine) WALKED (caminado)
A: SUBJECT PRONUNS+HAVE HAS+ VERB PARTICIPLE+ COMPLEMENT
N: SUBJECT PRONUNS+HAVE HAS+ NOT+ VERB PARTICIPLE+ COMPLEMENT
Q: HAVE HAS + SUBJECT PRONUNS + VERB PARTICIPLE+ COMPLEMENT?
 PAST PERFECT
HAd (había)
INFINITIVO PASADO SIMPLE PASADO PARTICIPIO
TERMINACION ADO-
IDO
WALK (caminar) WALKED (camine) WALKED (caminado)
A: SUBJECT PRONUNS+HAD+ VERB PARTICIPLE+ COMPLEMENT
He had worked here before
We hade ten before you came
N: SUBJECT PRONUNS+HAD+ NOT+ VERB PARTICIPLE+ COMPLEMENT
Q: HAD + SUBJECT PRONUNS + VERB PARTICIPLE+ COMPLEMENT?
Yes, he had
No, he hadn´t
PAST PERFECT

PREENT PERFECT