Chapter I

INTRODUCTION

I. Background of the Study

In power struggle, both politics and religion make attempts to undermine

each other, but history provides that religion and politics have always been

interconnected throughout the developments and breakthroughs of the

world[ CITATION Fox181 \l 13321 ]. There are two notable explanations why

religion and politics are said to be intertwined. The first is the increasing use of

complex discourses for the purpose of legitimization (Agensky, 2017). Today, all

politicians seem to conform to the Machiavellian dictum — it is not important to

be just, it is important to be seen to be just [ CITATION Mac40 \l 13321 ] — and

therefore politicians and political parties and regimes produce discourses to

legitimize their goals and strategies by utilizing the Church for forwarding their

own personal agenda. Hence, it can be seen that in the production of these

discourses, religion either underpins political logic or inconspicuously

camouflages political motivations, depending upon the socio-cultural context. The

second reason and perhaps the most important reason why religion will always

play a role in crucial issues is the significant role that religion plays in identity

formation in a community or in a society (Agensky, 2017). All political issues that

are important eventually affect individual and collective identity and, in the

process, trigger religious sentiments. In a word, as long as religion plays a role in

shaping the identities of people, it will definitely play a fundamental role in

politics.

1
 Over the centuries, religious faith has proven itself worthy to be

considered as one of the most powerful and most enduring forces in history

[ CITATION Ren13 \l 13321 ]. Furthermore, religion has been regarded as one of

the most powerful factors in affecting the political arena or the secular aspect of

the world. According to Turner’s definition of Durkheim (1991), religion is ‘a

unified system of beliefs and practices which unite one single moral community

called Church.’ In turn, the Roman Catholic Church, for epochs, has penetrated

the political realm and heavily affected the decisions made by the Roman

Emperor or even by the contemporary leader in the twentieth century [ CITATION

Per99 \l 13321 ]. One significant example in denoting the influence of the Church

in the past is when Charlemagne or also known as Charles the Great conquered

most of Western Europe with both the philosophy of ‘sword and cross’ in his

hands (Agensky, 2017). As the person who bestows the title, the pope claims

significant power in giving that authority to the Roman Emperor and this resulted

to the dependence of the Emperor to the Pope at the same time it instigated the

increase of pope’s political power in society. As a result, the Pope’s blessing or

approval becomes a de facto must for all Christian kings in the medieval Europe.

Another manifestation that the Church has power over the state is when the

Pope wielded two great weapons in the medieval times: these are the powers of

excommunication and interdict. When a king or an emperor took too much land

or invaded one of the staunchest allies of the Church, the Pope could

excommunicate the king – i.e. remove him from the church, therefore,

condemning him to hell – or place an interdict on the whole region, denying all of

2
the people the right to attend church services, the holy sacraments such as

confession, last rites, and refusal to perform marriage ceremonies. This interdict

would remain in place until the king and the pope came to terms, but it would

often than not come from the initiative of the former (Hanson, 2014). In effect, the

leader tends to be dependent to the blessings of the Pope at the same time

would want to appease the latter in order to receive the blessings endowed by

the Almighty God and to have the legitimacy to rule the land.

As one of the most ancient and extensive institutions in the modern age,

the Catholic Church has had and continues to exerts a significant influence on

the diverse world affairs [CITATION Han14 \t \l 13321 ] . Furthermore, the role of

religion was magnified in which it influences not only individuals, but also

human’s social action and civic engagement. History proves that universal

principles, moral codes, and legal systems of societies are always derived from

the prevailing religious creeds of a particular era (Reno, 2013). From the papacy

to regional conferences of bishops to individual clergy and lay members alike, the

Catholic Church remains active in giving its explicit commentary and critique on

modern political, economic, social, and religious issues. After the early

persecutions in the Church, the Church Fathers definitely tried every means to

convert the aristocratic class in accordance to the Church’s social teachings. It

can be seen that when the Emperor Constantine converted and made

Christianity the official religion of Rome in 313 CE, it then prompted the rapid

proliferation of the teachings of God reaching all over the world (Hanson, 2014).

Thus, it can be seen that politics as it always has been, contains an essential

3
component of religion vis-à-vis the overall development and progress of society.

With this in mind, the Roman Catholic Church provided Christians with a sense of

security, belongingness, and a community of family.

By the start of the twentieth century, the world was undergoing rapid

social, political, cultural, and economic transformation of unprecedented degree

and extent (Agensky, 2017). As time passes by, the Second Vatican Council led

by Pope John XXIII initiated to take a big leap in transforming the Church as a

‘Church of the Poor’[CITATION Pau87 \t \l 13321 ]. With the start of the Second

Vatican Council, Basic Ecclesial Communities or the BECs transpired and

redefine the way of the church initially in a particular community [ CITATION

Bar111 \l 13321 ]. According to the Second Plenary Council of the Philippines

(2011), BECs as ‘a way of being Church and as an expression of Church

renewal’: “Our vision of the Church as communion, a Church as priestly,

prophetic and kingly people, and as a Church of the Poor – that is a Church that

is renewed, is today finding expression in one ecclesial movement, and this is the

movement to foster Basic Ecclesial Communities.” One can deduce that BECs

are the local expression of the Church that is based on the Community of

Disciples whose members and adherents who live in communion and participate

in the mission of Christ as a three-fold mission: prophetic, priestly, servant

community, and as a Church of the Poor. This transition was not abrupt, but

rather it took hundreds of centuries for the Church to transform into a Church that

is focused on the poor. Consequently, there emerged numerous social and

religious movements, who are active in different societies that aim to take a

4
grassroots approach - in neighborhoods, villages, houses, outskirts of the large

cities and out of reach areas of society. As has been noted, it can be observed

that these communities also engage in faith-sharing activities to foster

brotherhood, camaraderie, and unity in order to evangelize the people especially

the common people and poor individuals living in these far-fetched communities.

As a result, religion becomes an integrating and secularizing factor that pervades

all aspects of society even in the contemporary Philippine times. It can also be

deduced that there occurred a big paradigm shift on how the Church traditionally

sees itself and this have caused the revitalized vision to be further all-

encompassing and inclusive to every members of the society.

The Second Plenary Council of the Philippines (PCP II) was considered to

be the greatest twentieth century ecclesial event in the Philippines that

established a national, ecclesial response to the growing needs of the Second

Vatican Council’s call for New Evangelization – one that will revitalize the Faith of

Catholic Filipinos and renew the ways of the Catholic Church in the Philippines. It

was also seen as a path of renewal for the century’s old ways of the Church

[ CITATION Roc92 \l 13321 ]. One can infer that its focus is on Christ, in pastoral

orientation toward the spirit of new evangelization within the context of Filipino

culture. The Council mainly represents an extraordinary pastoral effort at

revitalization and renewal contextualized within the façade of the present-day

Philippines. Thus, it can be seen that it was a council that was held in Manila

from January 20, 1991 to February 17, 1991 that aimed to change the old ways

of the traditionalistic Roman Catholic Church in the Philippines that was

5
spearheaded by the Second Vatican Council. Furthermore, the current Philippine

ecclesiology is Christocentric and poor-centered that its basic impulse is to “retell

His story” not in an abstract way by in a more concrete way to be felt by other

people from the upper class to the lower stratum of society.

Basic ecclesial community popularly known as BECs, basic Christian

communities, small Christian communities, covenant communities etc. is a

Christian movement that originates from the Liberation Theology that proliferated

in Latin America particularly in Brazil in the 1960s. The BECs derive its meaning

in the Brazilian type of BEC which is the Comunidades Eclesiais de Base that are

considered to be local, small communities whose members live in close proximity

that interacts with each other regularly and daily. As a result of the revamp vision

of a renewed Church that Vatican II spelt out in the conciliar documents Lumen

gentium and Gaudium et spes, BECs were formed [ CITATION Bar111 \l 13321 ].

Furthermore, BECs were created to be inclusive to the general public and were

recognized as the ‘church of the poor’ [ CITATION Dio13 \l 13321 ]. It was also

considered as a new way of “being the Church” since it penetrates to the

grassroots level of consciousness [ CITATION Kro18 \l 13321 ]. Although these

communities emerged and proliferated in the rural and out-of-reach areas of

society, only few literatures have provided its influence in shaping the voting

preference of an urban poor community. Because of the emergence of small

communities of faith in the grassroots level, many regards the emergence of the

movement as part of the concrete realization of the communitarian model of the

Church – as Communion and as People of God – promoted by the Second

6
Vatican Council [CITATION Pau16 \t \l 13321 ]. Hence, it can be seen that these

communities of the poor are regarded to be the microcosm of the Church that

were not meant to reject or supplant the existing church structures, but to make it

possible for ordinary Catholics or lay-faithful to experience the Church as a

community and to actively participate in the life and mission of the Church.

After the end of the Second Vatican Council and since the late sixties,

Basic Ecclesial Communities (BECs) have emerged in the Philippine soil. In the

Philippines, various shapes and forms of BECs have emerged in the year 1981

with the promotion of the vision of PCP II [ CITATION Mac13 \l 13321 ]. At the

lenses of the Philippine grassroots, they are called by various names in the many

languages of the Philippines – Gagmayng Kristohanong Katilingban (GKK),

Gagmayng Simbahanong Katilingban (GSK), Simbaan Sangkaarubaan (SiSa),

Munting Sambayanang Kristiyano (MSK), Kristohanong Kasilinganan,

Kristohanong Katilinban (KRISKA), Batayang Pamayanang Kristiyano (BPK),

Basic Christian Community (BCC) and many more – but they all refer to the

generic term called Basic Ecclesial Communities [ CITATION Hea16 \l 13321 ].

These are chapel-centered communities around 30-200 families, mostly in the

rural areas that made use of the barangay chapel structures, hierarchy, and

organizations. Hence, there has been a tendency to regard the neighborhood cell

consisting of 8-15 members as the BEC itself rather than a BEC-cell which is part

of a wider community. Furthermore, its proliferation reached its peak during the

Martial Law period as it continued to grow especially in Mindanao and to a lesser

extent in Visayas and Luzon [ CITATION Pic11 \l 13321 ]. For there was a

7
transformation from the concept of Basic Christian Communities to the Basic

Ecclesial Communities. The Second Plenary Council of the Philippines (PCP II)

in 1991 regarded the BECs as means for re-invigorating the Church vis-à-vis the

Philippine society. There is also brewing misconceived and distorted perception

that BECs will only prosper in rural communities which are homogeneous by

nature and where everyone knows one another by name, for many believed that

it would be very difficult to form BECs in the cities, especially among the middle

and upper-classes. Yet over the years, many BECs have emerged in the urban

areas – in Davao, Surigao, Cebu, Ormoc, Metro-Manila, Lingayen, Dagupan,

Aparri and other major cities in the Philippines (Heart, 2016). This only suggests

that BECs can thrive in the urban poor areas as long as they are willing to be part

of the new way of being the Church.

With all of these being discussed, the researchers will then focus on a

certain basic ecclesial community that has an overwhelming number of

registered voters that are also BEC members for these members will be the key

factor in this research. The registered voters that are also BEC members will be

the primary subjects of the study for they would be crucial in choosing their

preferred senatorial candidate in the upcoming 2019 Philippine Elections.

Although there have been practically some literatures examining the correlation

of the BEC in shaping the voting preferences of a community, the purpose of this

study is to know the extent of influence of the Basic Ecclesial Community (BEC)

of the Santisimo Rosario Parish in shaping and molding the voting preferences of

the eligible voters that are also part of the BEC community of the barangays in

8
Sampaloc Manila in the upcoming 2019 Philippine senatorial elections. Vatican II

spearheaded the new theme of the BEC in the millennial age as a way of life and

‘Church of the poor.’ In line with this, the researchers would want to know how

important these BECs are in the Millennial Age, with their programs and projects

that can benefit the society, and how the Church’s social teachings affect the way

the voters cast their vote. The researchers will utilize a data triangulation starting

with the semi-structured survey interview added by the In-depth or Key-Informant

Interview and verified by Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) to collect more

information regarding the subject mentioned. Distinguishing the effectiveness of

the programs and projects spearheaded by the BEC leaders in shaping the

voting preferences of its members and how this translates into a rational choice

in the upcoming elections will be gathered to support the claims given by the

researchers.

The researchers chose this topic because aside from its big parish and

large jurisdiction, it also caught their attention that most BECs flourish and grow

in the rural areas. With a large basic ecclesial community that are voters for this

upcoming election, it is about time to shed light on Basic Ecclesial Community

that thrives in the urban area especially in one of the busiest cities in the country

today.

The researchers chose Barangays 465-467 in Sampaloc, Manila as the

primary locale of the study. Since the barangays are situated in an urban and

busy area in the Metro at the same time because it is within the dominion of the

Santisimo Rosario Parish, this yielded to being the most appropriate and the

9
most suitable setting that the researchers can think of in studying the impact of

the BECs. Furthermore, the researchers thought of the Santisimo Rosario Parish

because it is said to be a special parish, not only because it is under the care of a

religious community, the Dominicans; but also, by its very location, a parish

church covering two universities namely University of Santo Tomas and Far

Eastern University within its jurisdiction. Moreover, the Parish has been the

spiritual haven for both Thomasian students and its parishioners beyond the UST

campus. Another reason why the researchers chose the locale because ever

since the EDSA People Power Revolution, the Santisimo Rosario Parish

established itself as a vanguard of the Church in tackling socio-political issues

facing the country. Having said that, this study is limited to the three barangays

namely 465 to 467 around the Santisimo Parish that excludes other barangays in

Sampaloc, Manila. The researchers would also want to find out whether the

registered voters that are also BEC members of the aforesaid communities would

vote for their preferred candidates using the lens of the theory of reasoned

action, social identity theory, or would base their vote in the popularity of a

certain politician.

This study that the researchers will conduct is significant to different

groups of the Philippine society. Firstly, to the Catholic Bishops’ Conference of

the Philippines (CBCP) and the Second Plenary Council of the Philippines (PCP

II). Secondly, to the religious organizational groups especially basic ecclesial

communities (BECs) especially Santisimo Rosario Parish that are thriving in the

contemporary times. Lastly, this research will be most significant to the discipline

10
of political science vis-à-vis religious studies that will be an exemplary addition to

election studies.

II. Statement of the Problem

a. Main problem

How influential is the Basic Ecclesial Community (BEC) of

Santisimo Rosario Parish in shaping the voting preferences of the

registered voters who are also BEC members in Barangays in

Sampaloc, Manila in the upcoming 2019 Philippine Senatorial

Elections?

b. Sub-problems

1. What are the social doctrines that the Santisimo Rosario Parish

continuously teaches that can inspire the Basic Ecclesial Community

members in their choice of vote?

2. What are the different projects and programs that the Santisimo

Rosario Basic Ecclesial Community utilizes and implements that can

influence the voting preference of their members who are also

registered voters?

3. How do the shared norms and values formed in the Basic Ecclesial

Community influence the voting preference of the registered BEC

members?

4. What are the underlying factors that affect the voting preferences of

the registered voters that are members of the Basic Ecclesial

11
 Community of Santisimo Rosario Parish in Barangays 465-467 in

Sampaloc, Manila?

III. Thesis Statement

The programs and projects launched by the Basic Ecclesial Community

(BEC) of the Santisimo Rosario Parish establishes itself as a means of

successfully affecting the voting preferences of the registered voters that are also

BEC members. In effect, this influence will be a manifestation on how the voter

will choose certain senatorial candidates that will be in accordance with the social

teachings of the Catholic Church.

IV. Theoretical Framework

12
 Figure 1. Theory of Reasoned Action (Singh, 1995)

THEORY OF REASONED ACTION

This theory was originally formulated by Martin Fisbein and Icek Ajzen

during 1967 to elaborate on the arising relationship between the formations of

human attitudes and behaviours within the human action. The theory helps to

predict the possible outcome of collective behaviors, decisions, and actions of an

individual as a result of various factors such as the behavioral beliefs, outcomes

13
evaluation, normative beliefs and motivation to comply. The process will

gradually transform as it proceeds to the attitude toward behavior and subjective

norm submitting to behavioral intention that would result to the outcome of the

behavior (Trafimow, 2009).

The theory was developed and used to analyze the voting behavior of an

individual. It completely shows that the attitudes towards the candidate and

political party contributed more to the explanation of various voting intention than

the interpersonal and mass media subjective-norm components. There are

studies and accounts being conducted proving that this theoretical framework

generally effective in predicting the intention of voters. In the framework, it can be

observed that voting behavior can be determined from voting intentions for a

particular political candidate, on which these intentions are influenced by the four

components, two attitudinal and two based on subjective norms. The attitudinal

section relates to the candidate as well as the party he or she belong. These are

affected by a cognitive evaluation of the beliefs regarding the candidate

possessing particular attributes and the importance of these attributes. On the

other hand, the subjective norm component is the function of the voter’s

normative belief regarding the relevance of reference and motivation to comply

with the reference (Singh et al, 1995).

In applying this theoretical framework to the study, the Santisimo Rosario

Parish’s Basic Ecclesial Community programs and projects could be the primary

reference that will shape the subjective norm of a voter, aside from his or her

own beliefs. The involvement in a community subjecting to religious life is a great

14
influence to one’s decision. On the contrary, the political candidate is the ones in-

charge of what image they want to portray in society. This image and

characteristics of the political candidates and the shaped norm and interest of a

voter produced by the Basic Ecclesial Community programs and projects, if

matched, would be the outcome or the result of who is going to win the election.

SOCIAL IDENTITY THEORY

15
 Figure 2. Social Identity Theory (Brewer, 2001)

This framework and its concept have been invented and upgraded through

time across the fields and schools of social and behavioural science to provide a

critical relation between the psychology of an individual and the structure of

social group [ CITATION Bre01 \l 1033 ]. Originally, the framework was formulated

by Tajfel and Turner during 1979 and was duly applied to different social science

such as sociology. In the framework, it is seen that there are three cognitive

processed that is related to an individual as part of an in-group, or an out-group.

16
In joining oneself to the group could lead to the possibility of appearance of

prejudice and discrimination related to such perceived group membership.

The three cognitive process are the social categorization, social

identification and social comparison. Social categorization is the procedure of

deciding on which group an individual will belongs to. In this condition where the

person is not yet involved in any group, there is no existence of conflict between

groups can be seen. On the second cognate, the social identification present

itself as process by which an individual is identified within an in-group more

obviously. The possessed norms and attitudes of other members within the

participated group is seen as compatible with one’s own being worthy of

simulation, or as compatible with those of another person being seen as open to

simulation by another individuals. Lastly, the third cognate is social comparison

where one’s social concept of another person converts closely interconnected in

with the perception of group membership. The self-esteem or the estimate of

another individual is developed or detracted from by perceptions of how in-

groups and out-groups are held to behave and perform in the society [ CITATION

Bre01 \l 1033 ].

This theory of social identity delivers a connection between the

psychology of an individual, the representation of oneself, and the structure and

process of social groups within the self is implanted [ CITATION Bre01 \l 1033 ].

The group identification is grounded on the awareness of shared identities, which

presumes that members of the group have the “group membership” as part of

their social identities as individual. Some level of identification inside and with the

17
group wholly may be portion of the process of introjection and internalization of

group values, norms and shared experiences at the individual level. Neither of

the concept of “we” nor the “me” definition of social identity can be considered as

the principal or core to the other. Ultimately, it is observed in the dynamic

relationship between these that makes the life of the group and collective action

possible[ CITATION Bre01 \l 1033 ].

In applying and simulating both the Theory of Reasoned Action and the

Theory of Social Identity to the study of the researchers, it can be inferred that an

individual joining a group such as the Basic Ecclesial Community of the

Santisimo Rosario Parish, can be of a great influence to his or her own

performance and behaviour as an individual and as part of that group. The norms

and values formed in the group can be a great factor in shaping his attitude or

behaviour. The group identity indicates shared values that the members display

when they observe having similar preferences, and these actions can be

observed by those who are not part of the Basic Ecclesial Community or the non-

BEC members. In applying these theories, the researchers would like to prove

that certain memberships in a group like the Basic Ecclesial Community can

greatly be considered as a decisive factor and can highly affect the voting

preferences of the members by imbibing values and standards formed through

the manifestations of the programs, projects, activities and the Catholic social

teachings of the group under the guidance of the Santisimo Rosario Parish.

Altruism Theory in Voting

18
 The Altruism Theory of Voting Behavior of James H. Fowler is a model

which states that citizens who belong to a democratic country possesses a

socially-based preference for the good and welfare of the others (Fowler, 2006).

Furthermore, the condition and well-being of the community contributes to an

individual’s voting preferences. It proposes that an individual or single voter can

simply derive a personal utility from influencing or affecting the outcome of

election in favor to the political candidate that they consider or believe to have

the capacity to implement policies that will lead to the betterment of the entire

community. In applying the theory to the study of the voting preferences of the

registered Basic Ecclesial Community’s member of the Santisimo Rosario Parish,

the researchers intend to prove that the members highly consider their welfare in

the community that they belong in choosing a senatorial candidate. The BEC

members, as part of a religious organization, consider themselves as altruistic

citizens because of the values they imbibed in the social teachings of the

Catholic Church.

In this theory, it asserts that registered voters work and behave altruistically

through riveting the value of voting for them to provide the preferred benefits that

their community deserve through simply analyzing the projects and policies

proposed by any political candidate. Also, it expresses the notion that if a vote is

based on a selfish or self-interested social preference, the social preference will

only lead for an ordinary person to vote even in large elections. Moreover, it

exhibits the feedback mechanism that alleviates turnout at realistic levels through

the rational socially-motivated voting. This altruistic preference of a voter

19
surpassed selfish predisposition and motivates a stable voter turnout that

thoroughly reflects democracy.

The Theory of Reasoned Action of Fisbein and Ajzen during 1967, the

Social Identity Theory of Brewer during 2001 and the Altruism Theory in Voting of

Fowler during 2006 when amalgamated, will certainly help the study determine

the voting preference of an individual especially a member part of the Basic

Ecclesial Community as being part of a community or a group. Through the help

of these theories, the researchers may in turn identify the underlying factors that

contribute to the shaping of the voting preferences of the members of the

registered BEC members of the Santisimo Rosario Parish, especially their

knowledge, values, attitudes, and behaviors since the organization provides a

strong foundation of social teachings and emanate Christian-like characteristic

that may help contribute to their vote come this election period. Also, the

researchers will be able to observe the transition of the voting preference of the

members through observing their possessed personal preference or interest to a

political candidate and how it will transform into a preference as part of a group.

20
 V. Conceptual Framework

Economic/
Social
Status

Programs
and Projects
Basic Members of
Santisimo Preferred
Ecclesial the BEC that
Rosario Senatorial
Community are
Parish Candidate
(BEC) registered
voter.

Catholic
Social
Teachings

Values and
Beliefs

LEGEND
: Direct Influence
Manifestation
Supervision

Figure 3. A Conceptual Framework on how the Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic Ecclesial Community (BEC)
influence the Registered BEC Voters of Barangays 465-467, Sampaloc, Manila.

21
 In the figure 3, Santisimo Rosario Parish is responsible for the supervision

of the Basic Ecclesial Community. In the setting of the parish, it is located inside

the University of Santo Tomas, a reason for it to be also called the UST Chapel.

This has become a spiritual sanctuary for the Thomasian Community. Also, it

becomes the place for different religious events and activities of the university.

The location does not hinder its mission to reach out the community outside the

school and in fact, its jurisdiction goes beyond the university wall and extends it

to numerous barangays nearby. Every day, the parish conducts Eucharistic

celebration attended by devoted Catholics residing in the nearby location of the

parish and they create movements to get closer to the community by establishing

organizations where the community can participate, a good example of which is

the Basic Ecclesial Community.

The Basic Ecclesial Community takes root in the less privileged in rural

and urban areas and becomes a leaven of Christian life. The cycle goes on as

religion penetrates to the lives of the communities shaping their beliefs, cultures,

morality, and even political preferences. Thus, it can be seen that these BECs

are merely a beacon of light to those communities that cannot grasp the light and

at the same time a mere replica that penetrates to the small communities for it

can be perceived as Christ reaching out to the poor and touching the hearts of

these localities. The Basic Ecclesial Community of Santisimo Rosario Parish is

one of the thirty (30) organizations that the parish handles. The BEC is made

noticeable because of its formed projects and programs being conducted in the

neighbour communities under its jurisdiction. These series of activities have

22
made its influence to the community since the social teachings of the church are

being instilled to the members of the organization.

The Basic Ecclesial Community of Santisimo Rosario Parish has produces

four core programs and these are namely the Feeding Program, Scholarship

Program, Medical Services, and most importantly, the focal point of the

observation of this study, the “Kalyeserye”. Etymologically, the term originated

from two distinct words, “kalye” that means street and “serye” means series.

Combining together, it means series of activities conducted in the street. This is a

key program to intensify the communication and communion of the community.

This includes catechism on the street, praying the rosary, street masses and

confession on the street. It is the mission of the church to proclaim the Good

News in the streets where the people are found. In this gathering of neighbours,

imbued with religious activities spearheaded by the parish of Santsimo Rosario,

individual make time for engagement and discuss about things that they relate to

each other as one community living in one barangay. In this kind of

arrangements, one can shape the perspective of another resulting to set of

standards of values, beliefs, and understanding on pursuing something that the

members think is good for their community.

As a registered voters and active participants in religious and civil society,

there are a lot of influences that can affect one’s voting preference. In the

diagram, it shows that the BEC and its manifestations, the programs and projects

and the catholic social teachings, social and economic status, and values and

beliefs have direct influence to the voter’s preference. In this condition, an

23
observation will be conducted whether the registered voters who are also

members and participants of the Basic Ecclesial Community of Santisimo

Rosario have aligned their standard of Senatorial candidate to the values taught

and promoted by the catholic teachings.

VI. Significance of the Study

The study is about the influence of Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic Ecclesial

Community in shaping the voting preferences of the registered voters that are

also BEC members of barangays 465-467 in Sampaloc, Manila in the upcoming

2019 Philippine Senatorial Elections. With this, the findings and results of this

study will give ample knowledge in different sectors and aspects in the following:

Basic Ecclesial Communities. The findings of this study will be dedicated

to first and foremost, the Basic Ecclesial Communities thriving all over the

country and to the world for its overwhelming growth in the contemporary world.

It is also gradually multiplying in the rural poor areas and to some extent to the

urban poor areas in the country today. Having sufficient data, these BECs can

easily determine where they can share and propagate the word of God in these

trying times.

Santisimo Rosario Parish. The result of the finding would prove how

operative the parish is in presenting their religious values to the community. The

effectiveness will be determined through the political candidate won and his or

her character and image and if this character corresponds with the values and

attributes promoted by religious norm.

24
 Communities. The local communities will definitely benefit from this study

as this aims to know how influential are the BECs towards their community. The

community will also learn if the Catholic doctrines and social teachings would be

a factor in influencing the rational choice of a member in choosing a candidate for

the 2019 Philippine Senatorial Elections and would they consider the socio-

political and economic issues that the BEC is trying to teach and preach to them.

Discipline of Theology. The study would provide further clarity on how the

church is really an effective mechanism and as an efficient means in shaping and

influencing the subjective norm of an individual in the community and how their

imposed religious values contributes to the betterment and development of

society.

Discipline of Political Science. The contributions that will be made out of

this study would not be parochial to the discipline of political science but would

also pique people who are interested in the interrelationship of politics and

religion that would be a boost for their research and for them to achieve relevant

outputs that would contribute to the betterment of the Philippine society. This

would also contribute to the field of political science with regard to its penetrating

influence in all the aspects of a certain society.

Electoral Studies. This is dedicated to the study of elections and voting in

different parts of the world. This would also contribute to the emerging issues

when it comes to voting preferences and religion and their combined results.

Philippine Society. The study is significant to the Philippine society,

especially to those Filipinos who have taken notice of the rapidly growing of

25
influence and adherents of the BECs and are willing to further provide research

on the aforementioned topic.

Roman Catholic Church. This study will also contribute to the research of

the religious studies of the Church that would play a significant role in shaping

the voting preferences during Philippine elections. The implication of this study is

merely testing a hypothetical statement that persisted for decades in the country

whether religion has waned its influence towards its adherents with the

emergence of a more secular world.

VII. Scope and Limitation of the Study

This study will then be limited to the registered and eligible voters of

barangays that are also BEC members for the reason that this would address the

problem of this paper. Furthermore, the inhabitants within the vicinity of the

Parish will be the primary subjects of this study for they are individuals who

would directly benefit from the Basic Ecclesial Community activities, programs,

and projects of the Santisimo Parish.

The registered Manileños or Manileñas aged eighteen and above at the

same time BEC members from Sampaloc Manila will be the only focus of this

study. Also, in this age bracket, the researchers can see the voter’s behavior and

the diversity of Manileño voters whether old, young, first-time voter, many times

voter, and etc., that would vote for a certain candidate and can break the code in

deciphering the underlying attitudes in picking a senatorial candidate towards the

abovementioned topic.

26
 The age structures in the Philippines can be classified as young adult

(ages 18-35), middle-aged adult (ages 36-55), and older adults (ages older than

55 years) and this would be also be taken into consideration as long as they are

BEC members of Santisimo Rosario Parish. This would be a significant part of

the study for the results that will be derive from this would add to the succeeding

outputs of studies to come.

For the data gathering, a validated questionnaire and survey interview

method would serve as the instruments of the study. The study will also cover the

current programs like Catechetical Program, Youth Formation, and Liturgico-

Sacramental Program at the same time projects like Kalyeserye, Feeding

Program, Scholarship Program, Medical Services, Mass Baptism, Mass

Confirmation, Pastoral Ministry, and etc. that would benefit the community. The

researchers would also want to cover the Catholic social teachings that can be

one of the factors in shaping the voting preferences of the registered voters. The

questions will cover the introductory of the study, purpose of conducting a

survey, and assurance of privacy for the participants. Interview questions shall

include inquiries regarding the basic information, questions that would gauge the

participant’s prior knowledge of BECs. In addition, the researchers would utilize

the data triangulation method that would include Focus Group Discussions, case-

study method, and survey interview method that would be the fundamental

foundation of this literature.

Interview questions shall include questions that will determine whether the

Basic Ecclesial Community of Santisimo Rosario Parish–UST has a significant

27
influence on how the BEC members live their daily lives. After these kinds of

questions, the researchers will be inquiring about the effectivity of the programs

and projects of the Santisimo Rosario Parish and how these highly affect their

communities. From these, the researchers can monitor how influential the BEC is

towards the community with the various programs that are being launched and

implemented by the Parish. To find out their participation in terms of the

programs and projects spearheaded by the Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic

Ecclesial Community, the researchers will inquire about the members’ knowledge

and actions they take to be politically involved with the programs and events of

the said BEC. Furthermore, questions regarding how they vote a certain

candidate will also be employed by the researchers in order to see how the

patterns of BEC members work.

The study will not involve other barangays in Sampaloc, Manila for the

researchers have limited time at the same time they would only like to see the

influence of the BEC of Santisimo Rosario Parish–UST to its neighboring

community and its unique jurisdiction. In line with this, the study will only gather

data from the above-mentioned barangay for they display two Catholic

universities at the same time for they have diverse population that can help with

the creation of this study. Lastly, this study will not tackle and delve into other

BECs for it would not be in the domain of the Santisimo Rosario Parish.

VIII. Definition of Terms

A. Operationalized

28
1. Basic – refers to both the size and social location of the BECs;

refers to the grassroots, at the base of society, among the poor

and the least; reminded with the beginnings of evangelization by

the Apostles in the footsteps of the venerable Master, Jesus

Christ.

2. Basic Ecclesial Community member (BEC member) – refers to

an individual who is a part of the small communities that are in

unity and solidarity with one another and with their pastors. The

members have a strong sense of belongingness and

responsibility for one another.

3. Clergy – is made up of the Bishops, the Priests, and the

Deacons

4. Electoral Bribery – an act mostly done by politicians and die-hard

political supporters where they are contracting with voters or

elector to ensure their votes in exchange of money or valuable

inducement.

5. Fellowship – an activity where the members or families in the

community will gather and discuss the teachings of the church,

issues in the community and etc. that increases participation in

the community and socialization.

6. Kalyeserye – it is one of the four core programs of the Santisimo

Rosario Parish-UST for the Basic Ecclesial Communities. This

includes catechism on the street, praying the rosary, street

29
 masses and confession on the street. It is the mission of the

church to proclaim the Good News in the streets where the

people are found

7. Political knowledge – suggests that citizens should be informed

of what is the socio-political issues facing society if they are to

participate in a democratic society

8. Registered Voter – refers to the eligible Filipinos who are aged

eighteen and up who are entitled to vote for a certain candidate.

9. Senatorial Candidate – a person who vies for a seat in the

coming senatorial elections or an individual running for the

Senate or legislative branch of the government

10. Voter’s Education – a program that is conducted in order to

educate an individual or group of people about voting and its

importance. Parishes and church organizations can and should

participate in non-partisan voter education.

11. Voting - a method for a group, such as a meeting or an

electorate, in order to make a collective decision or express an

opinion, usually following discussions, debates or election

campaigns.

12. Voting behavior - pertains to the actions or inactions of citizens in

respect of participating in the elections that take place for

members of their local, regional, or national governments.

30
 13. Voting Preference – it is the standard or criteria of an individual

in choosing a political candidate brought about by different

factors like the values, beliefs, and the like

B. Conceptualized

1. Catechesis or religious education – refer to pastoral activities

which are intertwined that they are for all practical purposes’

inseparable [ CITATION Ske17 \l 13321 ].

2. Catechism – refers to a book of religious instruction [ CITATION

Ske17 \l 13321 ].

3. Catechesis – education in the faith especially the teaching of

Christian doctrine imparted in an organic and systematic way

with a view to initiating the hearers into the fullness of Christian

life (John Paul II); its basic aim is to put people not only in touch

but in communion, in intimacy with Jesus Christ [ CITATION

Ske17 \l 13321 ].

4. Catechetics – the science or study of catechesis through the

centuries; it studies how to do catechesis – how it has been and

is being done – and the norms for evaluating it (National

Catechetical Directory for the Philippines (NCDP) [ CITATION

Cal84 \l 13321 ].

5. Community – emphasized the communitarian nature of the BECs

(Barreiro, 2011).

31
6. Diocese – a district under the pastoral care of a bishop in the

Christian church [ CITATION Ske17 \l 13321 ].

7. Ecclesial – a way of being church; church that is realized,

localized, and experienced at the grassroots or neighborhood

(Barreiro, 2011).

8. Ecclesial communities – live in the Spirit of the Church; grow

within the great universal community (Barreiro, 2011).

9. Episcopal – of or relating bishop or bishops [CITATION Han141

\t \l 13321 ].

10. Laity or laypeople – a nonordained member of a church or also

known as the ordinary people; all the faithful except those in Holy

Orders and those who belong to a religious state approved by

the Church; the faithful who by baptism are incorporated into

Christ [CITATION Han141 \t \l 13321 ].

11. Pastoral Agents – of or relating to a clergyman or priest in charge

of a community; are people who are key to reorganizing basic

Christian communities; tasked to shape their church and

especially the community [CITATION Swa95 \l 13321 ].

12. Plenary Council – a legislative and judicial assembly of bishops

and church leaders of the same episcopal conference to

deliberate on matters of faith and discipline (Perry, 1999).

13. Political Participation – key to the functionality of politics and is

any activity that shapes, affects, or involves the political sphere;

32
 action that influences the distribution of social goods and values

(Peterson, 1992).

Chapter II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURES AND STUDIES

A. Foreign Literatures and Studies

The Growth of Liberation Theology

The first introduction point of liberation theology is the strong commitment

to the poor for being treated as a marginalized non-person in society (Gutierrez,

1973). Thus, liberation theology becomes a preferential option for the repressed

and disregarded in a certain society. During 1950s and 1960s, liberation

theology became prominent within the Catholic Church in Latin America as a

moral response to the social injustices and poverty that are transpiring. It aims to

fight poverty that is rampant in society by addressing the alleged root cause,

which is sin. Andrade (2017) on his article emphasized the necessity of

educating the poor in order to help themselves from the situation where they are

33
in. In their study, they highlighted the importance of depicting the poor as

autonomous individuals that are free from external factors and influences at the

same time to be able to form politically on their own because they believe that it

gives them a more genuine ability to progress and improve conditions in their

community.

According to Taylor (1991), the establishment, emergence and continuing

development of the theology of liberation must be considered as “the great new

fact” of the age of antiquity or history of the Churches in the world and specifically

in the Third World for the past two and a half decades. He also mentioned in his

research that political consciousness is one of the most important features of

liberation theology; moreover, those individuals who give advice to the church to

be apolitical or that they should be free from all ideological interests are ironically

more political and ideologically conditioned. Through the process of education,

which is one of the ways in which the political interest of theology is being

exhibited to the public, the integral part of the project is being gradually formed

and shaped. This is coined as conscientization, a procedure that aims the

intensifying of the self-consciousness and the empowerment of the burdened and

oppressed for collective action on their part and liberative decision-making.

Through this process, they will become more critically and disparagingly

conscious of the actual nature of their poor living condition, they will fully

comprehend that they are not destined to be as they are because of the

hindrances and restrictions towards their aspirations, and they will be able to

classify the reason and causes of their oppression. According to the

34
associational theories of political participation, the churches contributes to

offsetting the existing inequities in socioeconomic status and function as the

“great equalizers” in a democratic theory (Djupe & Neiheisel, 2012).

As a system of ideas, liberation theology arises during a period of great

social age, political upheaval and ecclesiological debate. As per Drogus (1995)

assessment, the convergence of these elements supports the explanation of the

theology's appeal within the churches even from the onset, making sense to its

characteristically activist identification with the poor and helps account for the

general appeal of the new organizational structures it has enthused. These

coming together of the previously mentioned elements also propose possible

constraints, long-term political impact, and influence of this theology. Another

concern is the historical changes because it insists the significance and primacy

of action to promote injustice and give an area of preference to everyday

experience as a source of religiously valid values. In addition, history hinges on

the efforts to grasp the meaning and direction of historical change, on which

change itself portrayed as unavoidable, normal and good, whereas it is observed

that all societies and institutions change unceasingly for it is dynamically

complex. Drogus (1995) also discussed the relation of liberation theology and the

base ecclesial communities. Liberation theology begun in Latin America

comparatively simultaneous with a range of popular ingenuities, most notable are

the base ecclesial communities or CEBs. Also, he highlighted that the group as

such may leave center stage. However, the leaders they shape and develop

should spread out in the society; this is perhaps the most critical long-term

35
influence of liberation theology and it is accurately present today in hinged with

lots of controversies and conflicts in the age where rage is common within the

Latin American churches.

Foundation of the BEC and their Social Involvements

The intensification and growth of the Basic Ecclesial Community was a

great manifestation that the Second Vatican Council is effective on its mission of

being a communitarian model of the Church and as People of God, being priestly

and prophetic kingly people (Wilfred, 2013). The focus of this mission is to cater

the grassroots level of the community and to sustain the active involvement and

participation of the laity and the reformation in liturgical formation that permits

Sunday celebration without a priest. Hernandez (2013) mentioned that through

the instrumentality of these Christian Base Communities, local people have been

handling their fear, banding together and changing their environment. Moreover,

there are other terms, such as Basic Christian Communities, Grassroots

Christian Communities, and Basic Communities, regarded to the Basic Ecclesial

Community in various countries of the world but these also share some mutual

and essential features and characteristics (Wilfred, 2013).

Basic Ecclesial Community transformed not only in their religious activities

but also became actively involved in the sociopolitical issues emerging through

the age. According to Mukenge (2013), these small neighborhood-level

communities are deeply rooted in religious activities and they have a necessary

inference regarding the sociopolitical matters, in so far as they motivate the

popular acknowledgement and resolution of concrete social problems. In some

36
other countries, the great significance of this organization for the Catholic

community falls in their prospective and potential for changing unjust social

arrangements. This community envisions itself as a forerunner which is

transporting the self-liberation of the poor and the oppressed from centuries-old

economic and political domination (Orobator, 2013). It is expected and hoped to

establish a completely new social order that is popular, democratic and socialist.

There are other accounts that exhibited BEC participating in different

protest in fighting the rights of the people. According to Adriance (1994), these

grassroots Catholic clusters that study the Bible and teaches its application to the

daily lives is a strong force in the growing movement in defending the rights of

the peasants against the land claims of the large landowners and national and

foreign corporations. The community does not only unify as one in praising and

professing the teaching of the Church but also made proactive movements for

the betterment of the society. In this matter, it is very evident that it is in the

nature of Christians to be concerned in the entire community. Walshe (1991)

holds that to be a Christian means to share the life of the community, a life

grounded on faith in Christ because they believe that through sharing the life and

activity in the community, a man will be able to determine his identity and

uniqueness as a Christian.

The Role of Pastoral Agents in Shaping Values of Community

These pastoral agents have a significant role in the study for they are the

one guiding and presenting the social teachings of the church to the community.

Through the prompted and legitimized organizational innovation, while disdaining

37
a remarkable clerical populism throughout the region of Latin America,

sympathetic priests, sisters and pastoral agents were sent to the people. Their

idea of religious service clasps on values of harmony and shared experience,

and identifies strongly with people lives deforming by oppressive structures

(Hansen, 2017). For Adriance (1991), these pastoral agents are the primary

facilitator who does no exert his or her beliefs on the people, rather, they provide

information from the social sciences, ask questions and motivates people to be

movers and take actions based on their own analysis from the questions and

information they provided. She uses the theoretical framework founded by

Antonio Gramsci on 1971, which had used through the history by prominent Latin

American sociologists and theologians of religion. This become helpful in her

study because it amalgamates an understanding of the relatively autonomous

role of religion with a Marxian sensitivity to historical growth and class inequality.

In connecting and determining the relation of these pastoral agents to the base

ecclesial communities, a qualitative methodology used and it supported by

interviews and observations to the activities of the community. The result of her

study shows that pastoral agents are the primary actors in the generation of base

communities and it became evident that they contribute more influence than

bishops because they have a direct communication with the laity of the poorer

classes. Moreover, their actions towards the community is rooted in moral values

and principles and express their acknowledgement and recognition in honoring

the constitutional tradition of everyone’s religious freedom precisely by

38
performing their right to engage and be involve in the public realm of the nation

(Luchenitser, 2016).

In the book of Bishop Cray (2009), Mission-shaped Church: Church

Planting and Fresh Expressions of Church in a changing content, in some parts

of the world such as South America, there are existing theological and

community development training that produce resources for pastoral agents.

These pastoral agents serve as an assistant to the Basic Ecclesial Community in

reflecting the light of the Scripture through their experiences and to give

collaboration and development to the life of the community. However, there are

also a rising concern, the lack of pastoral agents and their personal failings.

Some pastoral agents fail to input a larger ecclesial and socio-economic

processes that conditions religious activity at the local level. Conversely, these

pastoral agents are also termed as bridge-builders because they act according to

divine teaching of the church (Glazier, 2015). Their worldview are said to have a

more coherent perspectives (Crawford & Olson, 2001). This perspective made

them particular effective opinion leaders who can make the grievances in a

phase that makes them politically relevant to the parishioners (Brown & Wald,

2010).

Influence of Religion to Political Behavior and Preferences

It is very evident that religion greatly influences the political activity of an

individual in various ways. Many scholars, such as Baylor (2011), stated that the

religious beliefs of an individual can influence their behaviors in terms of politics

especially their opinions on the role of the government. Glazier’s Bridging

39
Religion and Politics: The Impact of Providential Religious Beliefs on Political

Activity on 2015, she claimed that in this contemporary time, scholar do not have

an existing clear and strong idea regarding the mechanism by which religious

belief can influence the political behavior (Glazier, 2015). She uses a case study

approach set in Little Rock, Arkansas during the 2012 presidential election

campaign in determining the factors that drive political behavior broadly. In her

study, she chose “providentiality” as type of religious belief that influence the

political behavior of an individual. She defines Providential believers as believing,

first, that God has a plan and secondly, that they are capable to bring it about.

Religious believers from various traditions and backgrounds were considered

providential; however, they were not able to witness their providential beliefs as

related for politics.

Another argument regarding the influence of religion in politics is the work

of Peterson, who claimed that the principal effect of religion is indirect and

touched through the regular attendance in church where attenders learn civic

skills by initiating meetings, recruiting volunteers, organizing programs and

projects and more (Peterson, 1992). This claim greatly supports the study of the

researchers since the Basic Ecclesial Community is under the leadership of the

Santisimo Rosario Parish where they conduct such activities abovementioned.

The authors found out that although the attenders in the church tend to develop

their civic skills, there is no existing natural spill over to a political activity (Djupe

and Grant, 2001). Instead, there is a claim that some social or cognitive process

must occur before members apply the skills gained in the church to political

40
endeavors (Djupe & Gilbert, 2009). These skills are being develop through the

social teachings, programs and projects of the church in the community.

Religious churches and institutions have often been expected to supply the

attendees of the church with the exact resources that is necessary to take part in

the political arena, these either be through providing greater opportunities to

grow and develop civic skills or exposure to the mobilization attempts (Verba,

Schlozman, & Brady, 1995). Hence, it can be deduced that the knowledge and

values being formed in the activities produced by the church is a great factor in

the political behavior of an individual towards political activities or even their

political preferences.

In a study made by Djupe and Neiheisel (2012), religion greatly shows the

influence to political behavior and participation of voters. These values and

norms created by the teachings of religion resulted impact to the voter’s

preferences. Through the 2001 US Congregational Life survey and hierarchal

methods, they found out that the involvement of an individual in the church small

groups and other activities conducted in the church that takes place outside the

sanctuary hall consistently influence all political activities (Djupe & Neiheisel,

2012). The researches deduced that the result in the thesis of Djupe and

Neiheisel is suitable for the study because Basic Ecclesial Community is situated

outside the halls of the church but they are the nearby places and still accessible

to the one another. In Espinosa’s (2005) analysis, he found out that those

members of the church who regularly attend the church, participate in politics at

the higher rates instead of those who never joined those who participated in the

41
services once a week or more actually less likely to report that their church was

active in politics. Hence, one cannot assume that a positive relationship between

attendance in the church and their participation definitely specify that churches

promote political activity.

Grazier (2015) suggests that the existing gap in the level of the influence

of the church on political activity can potentially be occupied by an advanced

comprehension of the role of religious beliefs. Also, the strong foundations and

bond of religious communities are helpful in influencing their behaviors and

values. In a small community, once the connection is made, the political

contributions of providential believers have the probability to be noteworthy.

According to Campbell (2004), research indicates that tight-knit religious

communities with a determined commitment to their faith signifies networks that

can assist speedy, sporadic mobilization even is political activity among the

membership is rare. To fully comprehend the influence of religion in political

behaviors and attitudes, everyone is necessary to be informed about the impact

of religious beliefs, which is formed through church activities and Basic Ecclesial

Community.

According to Esmer and Petterson’s The Effects of Religion and

Religiosity on Voting Behavior (2007), the significant role played by religion on

shaping the outcomes of an election is never new, it is already as old as the

ballot box itself. From the beginning of its commencement, electoral politics has

been already influenced by the divineness of the religion. Religion is indeed a

42
very important feature in the life of every people and its connection to politics,

particularly the electoral behavior.

Factors that Influence Political Preferences and Attitudes

The factors that affects voting behaviour in particular and voter’s

behaviour in general are significant subject that is extensively addressed in

political science and sociology. Kurtbas (2015) claimed that as these factors that

influence voters’ preferences are better comprehend and understood, politics get

nearer to the epitome of creating a “common good” for the people, resolving

issues and guaranteeing social welfare and veracity. In the study that Kurtbas

conducted using an empirical study, the results of the data being experimented

suggests that one out of every four voters said that they will not gamble their vote

to the candidate or party that has no chance of winning in the election. Moreover,

Kurtbas (2015) also highlighted the effects of status in life, education of voters

being attained and the career or profession a voter is in to. In the result, as the

level of income increased, the quantity of people who were interested in party

teams and the candidate’s knowledge of local difficulties while the quantity of

those who were motivated to always vote for the same party. As the level of

education augmented, the figure of people who cared for the previous activities

of the candidate increased whereas the number of people who appreciated that

the candidate’s party was in power or who were inclined to always vote for the

same party. All in all, the literature discusses the three significant factors that

influence voter’s political choices, namely the sociological aspect, rational aspect

and the theory of psychologic identity with the party. In line with this, in

43
establishing a choice, the voter can receive benefit for sociologic factors like the

collective and social links (Kurtbas, 2015). Because of the emotional linkage

being developed since childhood, the voter can consider and identify himself or

herself with a political party or a rational choice that examines the subject matter

and producing service that are aligned with his or her own interest. Moreover, for

voter’s perspective the most important factors that influence their preferences

are, candidate’s former actions, their psychological attachment to the candidate’s

party, candidate’s good knowledge of local problems, his/her image, candidate’s

party’s projects and group, and candidate’s party’s being in power (Kurtbas,

2015). It is observed that men care more about the image and the political

ideology that the candidate embodies whereas women express greater

importance to the candidate’s former activities, his/her party’s being in power,

his/her knowledge of local problems their psychological attachment to the

candidate’s party and lastly, that party’s team and projects.

Likely, political behaviors and attitudes of individuals play a vital role in

molding social movements in any society as claimed by Bernardo (2017). He

perceives these attitudes and behaviors contribute to the election of particular

kinds of leaders, to assist for particular policies, and to firming up social

movements. Political attitudes and behaviors comparatively determine whether a

person participates political procedures or avoid from anything political,

moreover, whether political and social institutions are transformed or whether the

status quo is maintained. In every society, individuals may embrace diverse

political attitudes and engage political developments in differing and possibly

44
opposing ways (Bernardo, 2017). Various scholar especially Bernado (2017), for

a long time now, attempted to comprehend the structure and dimensions of these

attitudes. The study commenced in re-engaging the concept of political values in

the Philippine context, and it has three aims, to identify and validate the

dimensions of political values of Filipinos using an existing measure of political

values, to explore how the dimensions of political values relate to social axioms,

and to identify distinct clusters of individuals that share political values,

respectively.

B. Local Literatures and Studies

The Struggles of the Basic Ecclesial Community in the Philippines

In the Philippine context, Basic Ecclesial Communities or the BECs are

small communities that is organized by Church workers pursuing to transform

Philippine political and social relationships by empowering the poor. The

members seek solutions to problems through collective prayer and Scripture

study, and through collective planning, decision-making, and negotiating with

officials, employers, and property owners (Nadeau, 1999). BECs can also

become a public space or forum of constant, sustained and collective grassroots

deliberation about the public good where the voices of those who have been left

out from the democratic processes are valued and consolidated (Cartagenas,

2010). Moreover, he claimed that through BECs the Church can help expedite

the creation of a countervailing social force that can provide a strong and

effective challenge to both the patrimonial features of Filipino polity and the long-

standing dominance of the oligarchy.

45
 The significant rise of liberation of theology contributes to the formation of

various activities of the BEC. The variables that form the BEC is composed of

parishes, religious, priests and lay participants (Gaspar, 1990). Since both rural

and urban area have their own BEC units organized by parishes in cities and

municipalities, there is a difference and characteristics of each BECs and only

the mutual practice is the catechism and social teachings spearheaded by the

Church. BEC leaders also aligned their programs to the particular resources and

needs in their community.

In Kathleen Nadeau’s (1999) work, she took an upland Christian

Community, as her locale of study, positioned in Cebu where she called

Kabukiran as a pseudo name. This rural area is located on a mountaintop with

100 kilometers away from the city. The common problems, such as maintenance

of health and well-being, transport systems, technologies and more, of rural

provinces are also widespread and pertinent to the location. This community is

under the military observation and is subject to human rights violations brought

about the paramilitary and military personnel under the officials coming from the

local government. The area is facing a huge problem for their domain was

targeted by the central government for future developments such as building

infrastructure that promotes capitalism. In this matter, the BEC of the Kabukiran

is not only limited to performing religious activities, they are also active in uniting

and standing for their rights through resisting the developers who may attempt to

spew them from their own land. The organizers prepared themselves through

collaborating with other Non-Government Organizations whereas they were able

46
to document the abuses to human rights and make available programs such as

training in organic farming and sustainable-development agriculture. The BEC

member in that area were actively spreading the advocacies fighting social

issues arising in the society. During seasonal activities of the Church, they

prepare presentations that relates to the local life experiences. They applied

themes that is issue-related such as poverty, the dislocation of farmers from their

land, political suppression, and ecology. Nadeau (1999) also shared that the

religious activities such as bible sharing motivates, solidify and validify the Basic

Ecclesial Community for economic or political action and for cooperation. They

see it as an interaction and an opportunity to know the concerns of one another,

seeing the faith-life experience of Christ as an expression of their own community

faith and values.

In another work of Kathleen Nadeau entitled “Beyond the Dumping

Ground": A Critique of the Basic Ecclesial Community Model as Strategy for

Development in an Urban Site also in 1999, she focused on the concerns on the

urban aspect and BEC as a model for strategic development. She stated that in

attaining the sustainable approach to development, BEC workers in the

Philippines today targets to liberate people from unsustainable and non-life

supporting situations in which total integral human development becomes

impossible. Moreover, Fanwong (2015) stated that BEC workers seek to

establish some of the preconditions for sustainable development. Preconditions

for sustainable development are the following: first is the active participation and

awareness of people, specifically rural and urban poor communities. Second is

47
the restructuring of a society in its totality, which includes churches and the world

capitalist system; and lastly, the need to sensitize people who are better-off in

society because, at present, they have the access and control over local

resources that give them the economic and political power to make sustainable

development possible.

On the book written by Marina Obal Altajeros (2007) named Filipino Basic

Ecclesial Community between Limitation and Self- Transcendence: A Lonergan-

Based Elucidation of Fundamental Spirituality, she recognizes BEC as the

catalyst for social transformation. This organization is necessary to encompass a

spirituality for liberations, on which its primary concern is the struggle of the

Philippines itself and discerns how will the Filipinos can participate in that certain

struggle responding as a Filipino Christian and how to make that struggle the

resources of Filipino Christian tradition and life (Altarejos, 2007). Moreover,

hindrances are always part of continuous progress. There are several aspects to

consider as the reasons behind the immobility and retrogression. The repetitive

refrain whenever there is a gathering of the BECs refers to church hierarchal

leadership: undesirable or uncooperative attitude of the clergy or bishop, clash of

dominating attitudes, lack of information, lack of political will and determination to

implement, reshuffling, et cetera. Commencing on the side of the clergy, the

complaint focuses on the way eagerness and interest of the lay people tend to

decline as time goes by. Commonly, there seems to be a problem of the lack of

genuine commitment from both clergy and lay alike (Quevedo, 2004).

48
 Assessing the BEC today, it is observed that there is a developing and

increasing number of BECs that performs social action component. There are

various programs that are presented at the BEC level, such as sustainable

agriculture, livelihood projects, peace advocacy, community-based health

program, skills training, good governance, environmental protection, and

microfinance (Picardal, 2015). There is also an ongoing widespread outreach

program of the churches reaching the grassroots level just to cater and give

service to the people by having catechism and such. Before, there is a mistaken

notion that BEC will only flourish and grow on the rural areas which are

categorize as homogenous by nature and where everyone knows one another

because of living in proximity. Also, according to Picardal (2015), many people

rely on the thinking that it would be very difficult to establish BECs in the cities,

especially among the middle and upper-classes. However, as time passes by,

many BECs have begun in the urban areas like in in Davao, Surigao, Cebu,

Metro-Manila, Aparri, Ormoc, Lingayen, Dagupan, and other major cities. Up until

the modern Philippine context, this phenomenon continues to spread even in the

upper-class subdivisions and condominiums especially in the urban poor areas of

major cities. Hence, it can be seen that this escalating condition necessarily

requires new ways and approaches of building BECs and new structures and

forms that is different from the rural areas for it to adapt.

Philippine Political Culture

The history of the Philippines was full of remarkable experiences and

lessons that can be look back in the present days. The encounters of history

49
before are sometime the basis of events in the contemporary time. Filipino

political culture was formed by a history of colonization and dictatorship, where

the holders of political power neither necessary nor prioritized the attention and

interest of the majority in the process of governance (Montiel, 2000). Thus, it can

be seen that politics comprises and involves the production, allocation, and

operation of decision-making powers among large groups of individuals.

According to the same author, Montiel (2002), who uses a historical approach in

her study, states that countries that are labeled and categorized as

democratically stable and strong, political activities that commonly refer to the

powers of the state to govern its people, thrives and grows. On the other hand, in

wobbly and weak states, however, politics incorporates social power issues

within and outside the boundaries and restrictions of the so-called legitimate

state. In the Philippines, instances of political phenomena outside the peripheries

of the state are political undertakings of NGOs such as the street protests such

as the People's Power Revolution, women's movements, and the political

involvements of armed anti-state organizations such as the Communist Party of

the Philippines and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (Montiel, 2000). Moreover,

the author defines Filipino Political culture with three identifications. She said that

firstly, it covers the entire views and feelings, material symbols, group-accepted

practices; secondly, it is collective by large numbers of interacting Filipinos; and

lastly, as they produce, apportion and use political powers within, outside, and in

interaction with the state.

50
 Another norm that was existing in the Philippine political culture is the

admiration to the celebrities running for a political position and to those politicians

being endorsed by a famous celebrity. In the study made by Centeno (2010)

entitled Celebrification in the Philippine Politics: Exploring the Relationship

between Celebrity Endorsers’ Parasociability and the Public’s Voting Behavior,

the voting behavior of an individual is observed and determine the level of

influence of TV personae to a political candidate. He defines Celebrification as a

word used or termed by numerous writers to denote to the infusion and intrusion

of the celebrity factor on behavior, and on the perception by an individual of a

person, an idea, or a product, as an effect of the ‘parasocial’ interaction (PSI)

with the personalities of popular entertainment media. Correlational approach

was the instrument used by the author to determine and interpret the result of the

behavior of the variables. The finding of the study shows that gender is a

potential indicator of para-social interactions the female respondents tends to

have a higher PSI than males. Moreover, it was detected that there are no

observations regarding education as a demographic factor, however, since the

study has an absence of normal distribution regarding education variable

(Centeno, 2010). The limitless political constrains of celebrities bring new

standpoints which magnify the range of ideas is primarily represented in one’s

national dialogue. The celebrification of culture is a phenomenon that has been

observed and prevailing over the last 75 years. However, a system based on

‘celebrityhood’ dangers the glorification and veneration of fame and fortune, such

that there will be more shallowness and less substance in our society. Thus, it

51
can be seen that the weakness of the Philippine democracy can be traced back

to how Filipinos vote their candidates not because of their platforms and

principles, but if one is popular enough to be known by people or famed political

dynasty.

The Role of the Church in the Public Realm

Several scholars and thinkers believed that the justification process of

modernity would result in secularization and ejected religion into the private

sphere. According to Hermida (2015), religion has not only survived and

persisted the struggles through history; it has even taken an active role in the

political affairs of the state. A great example is the case in the Philippines where

the advertising and activism of the Catholic hierarchy in the political public sphere

of the country have been sustained and to some extent dominant. The aim of her

thesis is to create a modest involvement to such understanding by reflecting on

the place and function of religion in the public sphere, she uses the case in

People Power Revolution, during the oust of Marcos with the help of Church

community, and the reproductive health law. (Hermida, 2015). According to

Shirley (2004), it must be remembered that through massive political pressure

exerted and showed by the church, successful people power revolution of 1986

which collapsed the Marcos dictatorship in a peaceful and non-violent manner,

and restored democracy in the country.

Another researcher presented the role of the Church in the public realm in

a more extensive way. Bautista (2010) gives highlight in very wide stroke on the

role of the Catholic Church that played in Philippine politics ever since the

52
invasion of the Spaniards up to present, however, concentrating on the past

decade or so, particularly on the events of the last ten months. It tries to capture

the several trends within the institutional church and relate these to both local

and global forces and effects and influences. In his study, he mentioned how

organizations work during the Marcos administration. The dictator type of

administration resulted people to establish underground group that aims to oust

the late President.

On Son (2015) study, a Christian for National Liberation consist of nuns.

Priests, seminarians and pastors. This newly established organization is

considered a vehicle for open and organized participation in the national

democratic cultural revolution. Among the three main tasks they enumerated

were to uncover and compete with imperialism, feudalism, and bureaucrat

capitalism; to stimulate, assemble and organize the masses for a prolonged and

disciplined struggle on all fronts and lastly, to continuously remold others and

ourselves away from selfishness and pride to selflessness and modest service to

the people.

Philippine Elections and Filipino Political Behavior

Elections are fundamental to democratic governance. Through the

mechanism of elections, politicians are held accountable and liable for their

actions, and are bound to introduce policies that are contemplative of and

responsive to public opinion. Moreover, election is the means by which citizens

elect their representatives who would form and create policies and decisions

governing the people. Since the 2001 midterm elections, parties and candidates

53
in the Philippines were seen to have utilized and operated new technological

tools, like the internet and mobile telephony, for presenting national candidates

and mobilizing supporters vis-à-vis the practice of traditional means of

campaigning (Teehankee, 2012). Today, election is always connected with fraud

and violence. The act of selecting leaders, which is supposed to be a right and

duty of the citizens, are often times mistreated or not disrespected. Nowadays, it

is observed that election is tarnished with dishonest tactics such as results are

manipulated, vote-buying, and self-directed interests are perpetuated (Murcia &

Bolo, 2017). According to Murcia and Guerrero (2016) voters today turns to be

skeptical about politics and the most significant factor for them in selecting and

electing a candidate are those from whom they will receive greater benefits.

The Philippine experience with electoral politics is informative in the

progression of democratic improvement in the Asia-Pacific region. According to

Electoral Politics in the Philippines of Teehankee (2002), it was about a century

since American colonial authorities presented electoral and party politics, the

eminence of democratic representation as a result of elections has always been

held in doubt. Clientelism, fraud, nepotism, and violence, among others, have

reinforced the elitist nature of Philippine electoral politics. This was intensified

during the era of Marcos’ authoritarian rule as democratic elections were shortly

substituted by ‘demonstration elections’ held under duress. The upheaval of the

Marcos dictatorship in February 1986 has accompanied in a period of

democratization. Nonetheless, the election and succeeding removal of President

54
Joseph Estrada in January 2001 remnants a continuous reminder of the ongoing

‘defects’ of Philippine democracy.

The Philippines as a conquest colony experienced political enlargement

grounded on the interest, influence and power of the colonial authorities

(Fitzpatrick, 2013). Elections and other democratic organizations principally

imported into the Philippines from Western models. The development of

institutions such as the secret ballot, constitutional law, the referendum, political

parties and legislature in the Philippines was a product of American colonialism.

Hence, according to Teehankee (2002), colonialism became the defining force in

the emergence of democracy in the Philippine nation-state. However, there is

also a struggle that is being experienced in the Philippine electoral politics,

namely, suffering from institutional and procedural failings that avoid it from

becoming important to effective and efficient governance (Teehankee, 2002).

While Philippine elections are comparatively open, there is the issue of the

absence of real political substitutions or competitive candidatures. Candidates

must either be rich or popular to win elections. The high cost of being elected

serves as a discouragement for popular participation and an inducement for

corruption. Oftentimes competitiveness is prevented by the use of political

ferocity.

Another relevant issue in the Philippine Politics is vote-buying. In the

discussion of Abocejo (2014), vote buying before and during election period is a

phenomenon in Philippine politics covertly practiced as subversive activities by

political candidates who utilize it as a political strategy. His study observed the

55
vote buying phenomenon of the Philippines during periodic elections in the local

and national levels. The outcomes suggest that Filipino customary voters

attribute vote buying to “patron-client relations” during elections where equality

and justice are momentarily accomplished when political candidates carry out

their responsibilities and give supports to their constituents with conferred

interests. Operationally for many Filipino voters, vote buying is a tangible “gift”

from aspiring candidates, which influences their choice and produce instrumental

compliance. This phenomenon underlying the patron client ties manifests a two-

fold bond of reciprocity and mutual obligation linking individuals of

disproportionate social status and authority based on the exchange of money

and votes. He uses Public Choice Theory of Buchanan and Tullock in his study

because the theory give focus on the claim that people are chiefly motivated by

self-interest (Abocejo, 2014). It expects people, though show concerns for others,

are essentially motivated by self-interests, may they be lobbyist, bureaucrats,

politicians or voters participating and involving in the political realm.

On a study made by Hicken, Leider, Ranavilla and Yang (2014), vote

buying cases is rampant in the province of Sorsogon in the Philippines. The

results of the gathered data coming from the observation of voting behavior

made during the 2013 city mayor, vice mayor and city council elections, shows

that there is a widespread vote buying practices in the area days before the

election period. The study uses descriptive design containing secondary data

from various source agencies and published assessed journals on practices and

cases of fraud and vote buying which have crucially affect and shape out election

56
results and the electoral system of the country. Qualitative data collected from

online-refereed journals helped as sources for the considerations and

discussions of results.

In the contemporary times, political candidates and parties had broaden

their campaigns through the use of social media network. It becomes an easy

way to spread information about their platforms and advocacies. This social

media also contributes to the voting preferences of an individual. Pertierra (2012)

argued that media plays a dominant role in the contemporary society for it does

not only provide information, but it also forms and shape to we are and our

desires as individuals. From traditional ways of campaigning, politicians have

perceived the need to keep up their level this election season and strategically

and tactically place themselves in the social media sphere, where millions of

Filipinos are actively making conversations and sharing information. In the study

conducted by Murcia and Bolo (2017) using a quantitative approach, millennials

most likely to votr a presidential candidate who has an experience in politics.

Political experience among the candidates who are aiming for a position is one of

the main characteristics measured by the voters. Educational level of a

presidential candidate classified second among the essential attributes for a

Presidential candidate. Personality of the presidential candidate trails behind,

standing third, while the candidate’s platform/priority was ranked fourth in

millennials’ preferences. Nonetheless, the 2016 Presidential elections remained

personality-oriented, political clan dominated and media driven. The concluding

winner, Rodrigo Roa Duterte, garnered the presidency given a combination of

57
factors, first is the clarity of his campaign message – focused on curbing a single

problem, which is criminality, in general, and the illegal drug trade, in particular.

This highlight of his campaign elevated as the most serious concern that the next

president should address. Another is, significant support from a geographic area,

Davao in Mindanao, and associated ethno-linguistic groups, which is Bisaya,

and, serious questions of character and capability raised against his opponents

(Holmes, 2016). However, further results of how Duterte won showed up. In a

study made by Aguirre (2017) using key archival research, informant interviews,

and Philippine election survey data, it claims that Duterte campaign makes use of

social media for forming efforts, fake news, and online trolling. It confirms the

existing scholarly literature that minority parties or candidates is apt to use social

media more in election campaign than major parties. Bloggers and other

personalities are also being allied to the use of social media. A very clear

example in Thinking Pinoy and Mocha Uson who uses political blogging to show

support to Duterte. This help in shaping the political preference of a voter since

the name of their candidate always sound in the social media. Mocha Uson

framed the candidacy of Duterte as a structure and symbol of peace and order

because of his campaign promise of war on drugs (Go, 2016). This strategy was

grounded on creating a solid branding, an image of firmness in being a strong

leader and peace and order (Cantera, 2016). Through this, the study of the

researchers would determine the other factors that shape the political preference

of the BEC members and the non-BEC members.

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 Chapter III

RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES

A. Research Design

The researchers will make use of a mixed method approach, wherein both

forms of data – qualitative and quantitative – will be gathered and analyzed for

the enrichment of the study. Several scholars have used the same approach and

have asserted that this combination would be able to neutralize methodological

biases and at the same time provide a more in-depth understanding of the

problem (Cristobal & Cristobal, 2013). Thus, it can be seen that the utilization of

the mixed method is expected to highlight the strengths of one method while

compensating for the weakness of the other.

The study will specifically utilize a correlational, descriptive, and case

study qualitative approach. The qualitative method will provide the researchers

an overview on the nature of all variables including the independent and

dependent variables as a whole (Cristobal & Cristobal, 2013). In order to clearly

conduct the research, the projects and programs of the UST Santisimo Rosario

59
Parish Basic Ecclesial Community must also be determined in the course of

study.

The researchers will also adopt the concurrent triangulation design.

Through this method, information regarding the problem is maximized. A

qualitative approach would entail data gathering through a naturalistic method of

inquiry initially through a data triangulation starting with semi-structured survey

interview, In-depth or Key-Informant Interview, and Focus Group Discussions

(FGDs) in conducting the study regarding the respondents in the locale of the

study. The essence of this data triangulation is to know and get more information

from the aforesaid respondents then later be verified by its veracity when using

FGDs. Thus, it can be seen that after conducting a survey interview, the

utilization of in-depth and key-informant interview will validate the results of the

study, and FGDs will also help in confirming the claims and results of the survey

interviews. The researchers will also be utilizing a data collection method,

through immersing in the basic ecclesial community, typically used in qualitative

research called participant observation mainly observer as a participant.

All in all, the researchers deemed this approach as the most appropriate

because it will allow the study to produce a descriptive interpretation and

correlational interpretation of the data. For the descriptive interpretation of data,

the researchers will be able to determine how the Santisimo Rosario Parish

Basic Ecclesial Community (BEC) will affect the voting preferences of the

registered BEC members of the barangays it oversees. On the other hand, the

correlational aspect of the data will enable the researchers to establish the

60
relationship of the social teachings of the Catholic Church to how the registered

BEC members manifest through voting come election season. Both types of data

may be gathered through the use of survey and interview methods also with

qualitative and quantitative study. This entails that both methods will be

effectively implemented within a timeframe and will be treated of equal weight

and significance. Hence, this design would also allow cross-validation of findings

that would contribute to a more thorough conclusion about the problem of this

study.

In particular, case-study will be utilized as a research design. This involves

a rigorous study of a particular research problem applicable to individuals,

groups, specific group of people within the group, and community (Taylor,

Bogdan, & DeVault, 2016). Thus, case study will be the most applicable for it

generates extensive data for intensive records that results to a better output at

the same time it allows the ‘hows’ and ‘whys’ of a certain phenomenon.

Consequently, the researchers determined this approach most appropriate

because it allowed the study to produce both a descriptive and correlational

interpretation of the data. Among the alternatives of case study, descriptive

research will also be used in this study because it systematically describes a

phenomenon at the same time it is essential to discuss first and foremost the

context that is present in order to respond to the emerging issues for the

research. This study will use Barangays 465 to 467 of Sampaloc, Manila as the

focus of analysis. Because the barangays mentioned are part of the Santisimo

61
Rosario Parish jurisdiction, it will further provide the significance of the Basic

Ecclesial Community in the said area.

The research design in qualitative research remains flexible both before

and throughout the actual research (Taylor, Bogdan, & DeVault, 2016). This in

turn results to an evolving and dynamic character of the study. Hence, qualitative

researchers will begin the study with general research questions and interests for

they do not have a rigid plan regarding the nature and number of cases—settings

or informants to be studied that will be supplemented by the latter to strengthen

the purpose and aim of this study.

On the other hand, it is indispensable to know that the research will be

conducted with quantitative approach for the application of this design will

provide the researchers a more in-depth understanding of a certain phenomenon

by using numerical figures that can be considered a more objective kind.

Furthermore, it will also provide an overview of the nature of all variables as a

whole in the course of the study. This will be employed because survey

interviews will be beneficial in the progression of the study and one way to

interpret it is through regression analysis (Cristobal & Cristobal, 2013). Moreover,

quantitative approach will give the researchers data that will provide ample view

of the phenomena in general sense that the researchers are currently studying

compared to the previous approach. The quantitative research is mostly

comprised by numbers; thus, the researchers can easily make a hypothesis that

can be supplemented by the data from the accomplished interviews. Therefore, it

62
is fit to generalize that with the aid of the quantitative research design, it can lead

to a more substantial and significant study.

The researchers also want to find out what has been the situation in the

said locale with regard to the phenomena of having the Santisimo Rosario Parish

in the vicinity. The research is also correlational in nature as it deals with the

relationship of the Santisimo Rosario BEC and the voting preferences of the

registered BEC members of the said community. Considering that effectiveness

is in question in this research, the relationship between the Basic Ecclesial

Community Santisimo Rosario and the voting preferences of the registered BEC

voters will also be studied as to whether or not the said programs and projects

brought by the former are effective in shaping the voting behavior of the latter.

B. Data Gathering Technique

The researchers will utilize a survey interviews, in-depth and/or key

interviews, and a focus group discussion (FGD) as the main instruments in

gathering data for this particular study. This is an important part of the study for it

is a combination of the process of gathering and measuring information on

targeted variables in an empirical systematic fashion which then enables the

researchers to answer relevant questions to evaluate effectively outcomes

(Cristobal & Cristobal, 2013). An accurate population size of barangays 465 to

467 is needed to determine the accurate number of respondents for this study.

After computing for the sample size, the researchers are now ready for the next

part. The researchers will visit the aforesaid barangays in Sampaloc, Manila as

their locale and will ask registered Basic Ecclesial Community Voters to answer

63
survey interviews that will be considered as the researchers’ respondents.

Afterwards, the researchers would then ask the respondent for their answers in

the researchers’ questionnaire and would survey them if it is true enough that the

BEC of Santisimo Rosario Parish has been effective in influencing them even

during election season.

The questions that will be employed will primarily measure and determine

the level of political knowledge, political perception or preference, and the

manner of political participation of registered voters that are BEC members of

barangays 465- 467. The questions will be translated in Tagalog, the lingua

franca in the Philippines, so that the respondents can fully and freely express and

answer the set of questions with completely comprehending it.

As was mentioned from the above, the target population of this study are

the registered voters that are BEC members of barangays 465-467 in Sampaloc,

Manila. The sample of the population for the survey will be determined through

the use of purposive sampling, wherein the selection of respondents is based on

a particular purpose rather than random selection (Neuman, 2014). After which,

the researchers will be utilizing Slovin’s formula in calculating the sample size (n)

given the population size (N) and a margin of error (€). This will be utilized to

calculate an appropriate sample size from a population in the barangays 465-467

of Sampaloc, Manila.

The main aim of this is to obtain general information regarding

preferences of the population as regards to the problem at hand. The data

gathered from the survey will provide preliminary understanding about the

64
situation, which will be later on used as the groundwork to further enrich the

interviews and focus group discussion.

The fundamental purpose of the in-depth and/or key-informant interview is

to provide a more thorough and extensive comprehension of the respondents’

ideas regarding the phenomenon, which will not be obtained from structured

surveys alone. This will be conducted in the form of a semi-structured interviews,

which are more flexible as it allows the researchers to ask follow-up questions

that could further elucidate and clarify on the existing set of questions. The

interview will be done face-to-face in order to achieve a more intimate, personal,

and direct connection between the researchers and the interviewee.

Lastly, the focus group discussions will simply verify the data gathered

from the survey interviews and in-depth interview. This will be an avenue for the

respondents to disclose any relevant information that was not mentioned in the

interviews. Thus, it can be seen that this instrument would provide an extensive

data as it provides information from multiple perspectives in a dynamic and

interactive group setting.

In order to have an accurate and precise data that needs to be gathered in

the jurisdiction of Santisimo Rosario Parish, the number of population and the

demography of the people that covers it is needed to determine the said data.

The researchers would start gathering local and international studies and

literatures to give a more solid foundation and background of how the Basic

Ecclesial Community prospered in the international scene all the way to its first

appearance in the Philippine soil and its pervading condition under the Santisimo

65
Rosario Parish. The updated population of the jurisdiction of the parish will be

collected through the annual census data of the Manila City Hall. The Head

Parish Priest and the person-in-charge will be interviewed for a more in-depth

and wider knowledge about the prevailing conditions of the BEC and how they

relate with their members. There must also be a constant communication with

how the administration and ministry in-charge relate to the Basic Ecclesial

Community for they spearhead all the church-related activities where the

researchers can also immerse and participate in observing and gathering

valuable practices that can help the progression of the study. Also, the

researchers will visit the members of the BEC who are also registered voters to

conduct survey interview, in-depth interview, and focus group discussions

(FGDs).

Through the survey, the influence of the Basic Ecclesial Community to its

members and the shaped norm and values that can affect the criteria of a

registered BEC member towards a senatorial candidate will be measured. The

questions in the survey are answerable by ratings. Moreover, the survey contains

questions that will be regarded by how the Basic Ecclesial Community affects its

members’ political preferences by number, which will be used for statistical

analysis. The survey questionnaire will compose of the basic information –

names (optional), age, gender, contact number, and membership status to in

relation to being a BEC member. The name and their contact number will only be

disclosed with utmost confidentiality to the researchers and would be taken into

ethical consideration. Moreover, it will be indicated in the survey if the rate of

66
influence of the programs and projects of the BEC is effective or not. This will be

manifested through personal interaction with the participants of the survey with a

paper and pen questions. The result of this survey will serve as another data to

check if this method would complement to other results from the Key-Informant

Interview and the Focus Group Discussion.

Using the lens of the social identity theory, it is imperative to discuss the

effect of an individual part of the in-group and out-group to know whether the

individuals are affected or not by the people around him/her. With this being said,

the interview that will be conducted will involve a registered BEC member and/or

a registered non-BEC member with the researchers. For the registered BEC

member, questions will focus on how their activities, proposed by the Santisimo

Rosario Parish, shape their norms and values that can affect their criteria of a

candidate running for Senatorial position or their political preferences. For the

registered non-BEC member, the questions will merely focus on their political

preference and other factors, such as religion, economic status, affiliations and

etc., that shape their perspectives to how they vote a particular political

candidate. This in turn will be helpful in analyzing and assessing the aforesaid

theory in the contemporary Philippine setting.

Through the usage of the focus group discussion (FGD), the researchers

would gather the members by group composing a registered BEC members and

a registered non-BEC members so that the collective opinion regarding their

political preferences will be determined. Through this method, the researchers

would know if an individual’s opinion of a registered BEC member has a big

67
difference or distinction from a collective or group sentiments. Also, the influence

of the BEC to the members will be assessed based on their preferred

characteristics that a political candidate must possess and must reflect.

The researchers would determine in the results of the conducted surveys,

interviews, and FGDs whether the registered BEC members’ criteria of their

preferred characteristics of a political candidate matches the social teachings that

the Santisimo Rosario Parish teaches through the Basic Ecclesial Community

activities, programs, or not. Moreover, researchers will also compare the results

of registered BEC member and registered non-BEC members.

C. Data Analysis/ Treatment of Data

Data analysis is a process for obtaining raw data and converting it into

information useful for decision-making by the researchers (Neuman, 2014). Thus,

it is important to realize that the data here is collected and analyzed in order to

answer questions, to test hypotheses, or to disprove theories in the long run.

Using this approach, the researchers would tend to avoid and to balance biases

and prejudices in looking the perspectives of the respondents. In addition, with

the usage of this approach, the researchers would determine the criteria of the

respondents in choosing their preferred Senators in accordance to their reasoned

volition. The data collected from the respondents would be coupled and balanced

with library sources – books and journals to support the data from the

respondents. The researchers would also make use of the related peer review

articles that were already conducted and published in order to acquire sufficient

information about the said topic.

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 The sets of data collected by the researchers will be treated separately. In

order to analyze the data, there is a need to use instruments and/or tools. The

qualitative data will be analyzed through correlational analysis and descriptive

statistics in order to determine the relationship of political preference and political

participation of the registered voters that are BEC members. The first method

would be the usage of SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) in order to

interpret the data. SPSS is the most appropriate method to analyze the data

gathered. Since the researchers will also focus on the quantitative approach, it is

essential to interpret the quantitative data through SPSS. SPSS is made

especially for the social sciences field, that is why it can be accurately used in the

study.

On the other hand, qualitative data will be analyzed through thematic

analysis. For this approach, the interviews and focus group discussions will be

scrutinized through Thematic-Semantic Word Association. This method is a

psychological method that aims to identify, organize, and offer insights

systematically by looking into the patterns and meanings in a given set of

information. With this, the researchers can have an overview and make sense on

the shared patterns among their respondents (Braun & Clarke, 2012). The first

part of the process requires coding of the data gathered, wherein significant

characteristics are identified through labels. The next part would involve

searching for dominant patterns and themes in the collected data. After which, it

will be reviewed wherein themes may be split, combined, or discarded so that

redundancy may be avoided. The next involves defining and differentiating of one

69
from the other. Lastly, the final stage involves creating a narrative from the

extracted themes and data sets, typically by bringing the separate results

together in the interpretation or by transforming data to facilitate integrating the

two data types during the analysis.

As mentioned in the earlier discussions of the study, the researchers will

be using three invaluable tools and instruments in successfully conducting the

survey – In-depth interview, Key-informant interview, and Documentary Analysis.

For the first tool, the researchers will utilize the in-depth interview to thoroughly

collect large number of qualitatively data. Secondly, the Key Informant Interview

is a qualitative in-depth interview to the head of the Basic of the Ecclesial

Community to the leaders of the local communities in the barangay. This must be

conducted in order to acquire the needed information vis-à-vis the study. This

tool is important because with this tool, the researchers will be able to gather the

information that they will need for the study (Taylor & DeVault, 2016). After

successfully employing the two types of interviews, the researchers will use

documentary analysis in which documents are reviewed and interpreted by the

researchers to give voice and meaning around an assessment topic.

With that being said, the data for this research will be collected by

providing a specific set of questions. Further analyses through follow-up up

questions to add depth and significance of the findings will also be considered.

Data gathering will be handled and done personally to enable the researchers to

conduct a semi-structured interview at the same time form an intimate

relationship with the respondents of the locale. Moreover, to ensure an unbiased

70
research, the researchers will conduct an interview from the key persons of the

barangays such as the leader of the basic ecclesial community themselves. After

gathering the data, the data will be treated qualitatively. The results of the

interview will be thoroughly analyzed to enable the researchers to manage and

see the overall connections of the Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic Ecclesial

Community (BEC) in the response of the participants. The FGD will include a

round table amongst the priests, pastoral agents, and members of BEC, and the

leaders of the BEC.

D. Locale of the Study and Respondents

Figure 4. Locale of the Study (Barangay 465, 466, and 467) and its distance to Santisimo Rosario
Parish and University of Santo Tomas

Locale of the Study

71
 Since the study is mainly concerned on how the influence of the Santisimo

Rosario Parish Basic Ecclesial Community affects in shaping the voting

preference of its registered BEC members, the most appropriate locale of the

study is Barangay 465 to 467 of Sampaloc, Manila. It is located at the east

zone of Sampaloc, which is under the legislative jurisdiction of Distrcit IV of

Manila City. These three selected barangays are pleased to be part of the

jurisdiction of University of Santo Tomas and its Church, UST Santisimo

Rosario Parish, the oldest university in Asia and a home for Dominican

priests. What makes these barangays distinct from other barangays is that it

Figure 5. The Area of Barangay 465, Sampaloc, Manila and its distance from
Santisimo Rosario Parish - UST
has an operational and visiting Basic Ecclesial Community that provides

activities and projects that other BECs do not have. A good example is their

72
Kalyeserye wherein it is a special program of the Santisimo Rosaeio Parish-

UST for its Basic Ecclesial Communities. Moreover, the area is located in an

urban poor area of Metro Manila where most political candidates campaign

themselves because of its huge population. And lastly, the community is

composed of varying social and economic statuses, low to middles class

families, on which source of living or income is mostly generated from public

and private employments, professional practices and skills, and small-scale

business enterprises.

Barangay 465 is bounded on the East by Padre Noval St. (U.S.T), West

by G. Tolentino, North by J. Barlin St. and South by I. Delos Reyes St.

Figure 6. The Area of Barangay 466, Sampaloc, Manila and its distance from
Santisimo Rosario Parish - UST

73
Barangay 466 is geographically triangular bounded on the East by Padre

Noval St. (U.S.T), West and North by Andalucia St. and South J. Barlin.

Figure 7. The Area of Barangay 467, Sampaloc, Manila and its distance from
Santisimo Rosario Parish - UST

74
 Lastly, Barangay 467 is bounded on the East by G. Tolentino St.

(U.S.T), West by P. Campa, North by J. Barlin St. and South by I. Delos

Reyes St.

Respondents

The target respondents of the researchers would be the

forerunners of BEC of Santisimo Rosario composing the head priest,

pastoral agents, community leaders and catechist, and most importantly,

the registered voters that are also Basic Ecclesial Member of the

Santisimo Rosario Parish residing in the following Barangays 465, 466,

and 467. The researchers chose registered voters because they are the

only eligible respondents that can vote for the upcoming 2019 Philippine

Senatorial Elections. Furthermore, they are the only ones that can cast

their votes and they are already thinking why should they vote for a certain

candidate in the present times. The registered voters would need to meet

the legal age of 18 years old to be considered part of the respondents and

there would be no maximum age because the researchers know that BEC

members are limited in a certain society. Those who are 18 years below

are not included in the study because they cannot speak much of voting

their preferred candidate because they have not met the legal age to vote.

Aside from the age requirement, the registered voters should also be

Basic Ecclesial Community member so that the researchers would know if

the Santisimo Rosario Parish had an effect on the community in the past

up until the present or not. Since the research will be about the influence

75
 of Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic Ecclesial Communities, the

respondents would need to be a resident of the said barangay for at least

a year and for at least six months in the place he is registering.

E. Ethical Considerations

Ethical considerations in research are critical and essential to uphold the

integrity of the respondents. It is thus imperative that ethical issues are

considered during the research for it requires the whole-hearted desire of the

respondents to participate in the aforesaid research. In addition, the researchers

have only considered the study with the consensus of the respondents and the

latter were not coerced to do so. Likewise, voluntary participation of respondents

in the research is important and therefore must not be compelled. Moreover,

participants have rights to withdraw from the study at any stage if they wish to do

so. The researchers also specified that participants will be prioritized for their

dignity and would need to get informed consent of the respondent before

proceeding to the investigation. Furthermore, the participants are made aware of

the purpose of this research, how the findings will be used, if there are any

potential detrimental impacts of their participation, and who will have access to

the said findings. The researchers also explicitly indicated that there will be no

harm done to the participants at the same time this study will be carefully

planned with utmost confidentiality. The researchers will also be maintaining the

highest level of objectivity and uphold no biases during discussions and analyses

throughout the study. Thus, the current consideration of research ethics is crucial

76
in helping to shape a better forum and discussion plus enhancing a more

responsible behavior.

Chapter IV

DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter comprises the data that were carefully gathered by the

researchers for the entire study. It also provides a presentation and an analysis

of the data gathered from different sources like journals, articles, semi-structured

interview, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. Significant

records and data about the program and projects of the Santisimo Rosario Parish

Basic Ecclesial Community (BEC) came from the Parish. To verify the gathered

data, the researchers utilized the data triangulation which comprises of the semi-

structured survey, key informant interview, and focus group discussion in order to

get sufficient and further information about the behavior, attitude, knowledge, and

social identity of the BEC registered voters in relation to the Parish’s projects and

programs that may in turn be verified by its veracity. These collected data helped

the researchers to determine different perspectives regarding the study and

characterize the voting preference of a BEC member and a non-member of BEC

through significant individuals that are highly knowledgeable about the BEC

foundations and doctrines.

As mentioned in the third chapter, the researchers would utilize a thematic

approach in the analysis of the data gathered for it is one of the most common

methods for analyzing semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis is a widely

used method of analysis in qualitative research in the process of identifying

77
patterns or themes within qualitative data. Moreover, it can be used to scrutinize

qualitative information and to analytically obtain knowledge and identification

about a person, whether it is an interaction, a group, a situation, an organization

or even a culture (Attride-Stirling, 2001). Nevertheless, according to Braun and

Clarke (2006), thematic analysis is a method for identifying, scrutinizing, and

reporting patterns or themes within the data. Accordingly, the researchers would

rigorously search for existing similarities, patterns, and commonalities in the

gathered data which in turn would be categorized into specific themes.

Furthermore, since this is also a correlational study, the researchers would

tabulate the different yet relevant information and data of each in depth, key-

informant interview for every theme determined by the researchers in order to

come up with a meaningful result. By doing so, the researchers would easily see

the similarities or differences regarding the data gathered and the differing

opinions on certain issues by BEC members in the Philippines especially in

barangays 465-467 in Sampaloc, Manila.

This chapter presents the data gathered by the researchers in a logical

presentation. The data are presented through graphical, tabular, and textual

presentation to clearly show significant findings, facts, figures, and other

information needed. Furthermore, the surveys that were collected and the in-

depth key informant interviews that were gathered will be used as cross-

references in order to serve as an additional source of information that may

enrich the study and one another. Moreover, after the presentation and analysis

of data, it necessitates an interpretation of the data gathered which would

78
eventually lead to answering the main problem and the sub-problems posited by

the researchers in Chapter 1. Accordingly, the researchers would also integrate

the three theoretical frameworks such as Social Identity Theory, Theory of

Reasoned Action, and Altruism Theory in Voting in the discussion of the data

gathered to prove whether or not the Santisimo Rosario Parish BEC influence in

shaping the voting preferences of its members. Using the data judiciously, the

researchers will prove that a political candidate must possess values, principles,

and beliefs that are aligned with the four fundamental BEC values such as Maka-

Diyos, Maka-tao, Maka-bayan, and Maka-kalikasan for that candidate to gain the

trust of the voter and eventually lead to a reasoned vote. Different standards are

also being stringently upheld by these group and these mirrors a guiding principle

to how their voting preferences work as an individual and as a collectivity. Lastly,

a synthesized discussion follows to prove the main argument of the study – that

the programs and projects launched by the Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic

Ecclesial Community (BEC) establishes itself as an instrument of effectively

affecting in the shaping of the voting preferences of the registered voters that are

also BEC members that would also show the Parish’s tremendous influence

towards its adherents in the nearing elections.

A. Social Doctrines of the Church that Influence a BEC members’ Choice of

Vote

In its most basic definition, Catholic social teachings as explained by

McKenna (2019), are doctrines that are promulgated by the Church to address

79
matters of human dignity and common good in society. It is also a written body of

teachings of a religious group that are generally accepted by that group at the

same time practically being applied to their daily lives and embedded in their

daily routines. Moreover, Percy (2016) stated that a doctrine is basically a system

of beliefs or creed of principles geared towards the acceptance of a group of

people. Thus, it can be seen that the social doctrines of the Church are

considered to be an integral and essential element of a Catholic’s faith that is

instilled in their way of life, for it acts as a guide on how one should live

correspondingly with God’s Word.

In line with this, the Catholic Church has been an old institution that has a

long history of social teaching that tackles socio-political issues that concern the

society. It goes back several centuries ago where it provides a compelling

challenge for Christians to live responsibly and to build a just society for the

betterment of humanity. According to Rasmussen (2016), the Church’s social

teaching is considered to be an effective instrument of evangelization. It can be

understood that the modern Catholic social teaching that is deeply-rooted in the

Scriptures and articulated through a tradition of written texts by the Pope has

steadily evolved over time in order to address the circumstances and to provide

solutions for that problems in the contemporary times. Moreover, in a discussion

by Percy (2016), he argued that the principles of Catholic social teaching were

first instigated in the Old Testament and then later carried throughout the late

nineteenth century up until the present times. From that moment on, pontiffs

have developed the church's body of social teaching, principally through the

80
medium of written encyclical letters, that guides Christians in their way of life and

in their faith specifically in ruminating the proliferation of BECs in the current

times.

Pope Leo XIII was the principal author to first publish an encyclical on

social issues, condemning the atrocious conditions certain employers were

imposing on their workers. This encyclical, called Rerum Novarum that was

created in 1891, marked the beginning of what in the Church would today identify

as a social doctrine (Rasmussen, 2016). Clearly, it can be seen that the

publication of Leo XIII's encyclical Rerum Novarum marked the beginning of the

development of a recognizable body of social teaching in the Catholic Church.

On the other hand, the primary document from the Second Vatican Council

concerning social teachings is Gaudium et Spes (1966), which is considered one

of the topmost accomplishments of the Second Vatican Council. Unlike earlier

documents, this is a blatant expression of all the bishops that encompasses a

wide range of issues, including socio-political matters and of the apparent

connection of social concerns with regard to Christian action. At its core, the

document emphasizes the essential dignity of each human being that is evident

in BEC groups in the modern times.

According to a study by Hehir (2013) that is further strengthened by the

United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (2005), there are seven

fundamental principles that can be inferred from the Catholic Social Teachings

namely sanctity of human life; call to family, community, and participation in the

pursuit of the common good; social justice; preferential option for the poor and

81
vulnerable; dignity of work; solidarity; and care for God’s creation. These

principles were adopted and applied in the formation of BECs that have greatly

made an impact in the current Philippine BEC setting.

With the conclusion of the Second Vatican Council in 1965, it brought

back the concept of being the church. Likewise, the advent of the Second

Plenary Council of the Philippines re-echoed the words of Vatican II in January of

1991 to engage in the total promotion and formation of BECs all over the

Philippines (Dagmang, 2015). Similarly, BECs are church communities that grew

out of Vatican II ideas and dynamism [CITATION Sec92 \l 13321 ]. In this regard,

the Church is neither considered as the structure nor the building, bishop, or

priest alone, but is composed of God’s people or Christians. With the revamped

integral evangelization, the bishops envisioned a Church of the Poor where it

offered an exemplar of the Basic Ecclesial Community that begins in the

grassroots level. It stated that the vision of the Church as communion,

participation, and mission about the Church as priestly, prophetic, and kingly

people and as a Church of the poor is proliferating in one ecclesial movement

that can be found in the existing Basic Ecclesial Communities (PCP II, 1992).

The church does not only focus itself on the religious and spiritual

formation of its people. It also provides social teachings that promote the human

dignity and common good of the society. The objective of these teachings is to

find solutions on issues of oppression and social justice that face a Christian in

the contemporary times. As the new way of being the Church, it encourages the

community to take action on different socio-political, economic, and

82
environmental issues that directly affect the community. Through the continuous

teaching of these doctrines, the community were able to adopt values from it and

establish their own political preferences from what is formed in their community.

In gathering the information with the BEC members residing in Barangay 465,

466 and 467 in Sampaloc, Manila, out of 100 respondents, 88% of them are

aware of the social teachings of the Church while 12% of them are not (refer to

figure 1).

Figure 1: Knowledge about the social teachings of the BEC of Santisimo Rosario

Parish that can affect the voting preference of the member

In asking the respondents regarding their view on the influence of Catholic

Teachings, 84% of the respondents see its importance, while 9% answered with

maybe and 7% did not see its relevance in relation to their voting preferences

(refer to figure 2).

83
 Figure 2: The Influence of the Catholic Teachings in the Voting Preference of a

BEC Member

Data gathered from the interviews and focus group discussion show that

the social teachings of the Church greatly affects the perspective of a BEC

member on certain socio-political issues. These is rooted because they conduct

a regular meeting with each other where it becomes an avenue to strengthen the

people’s faith and where close-knit relationships are built amongst themselves. In

their meetings, they have their own reading of the Bible and sharing of

experiences with each other where they discuss several social teachings and

apply it wholeheartedly to their everyday lives. By the power of the Gospel, this

results to the further growth and development of the church especially the basic

ecclesial communities in the Philippines.

In our interview with the Executive Secretary of the Committee on Basic

Ecclesial Communities of the Catholic Bishops’ Conference of the Philippines, he

emphasized that although there are no actual documents that focus on elections,

parishes rely on the Vatican II and the CBCP Pastoral Letters when it comes to

84
the social teachings that can influence the perspective of a BEC member. On the

other hand, the BEC Promoter of Santisimo Rosario shared the gospel values,

which are sense of goodness and sense of justice, that are derived from the

Bible and are then applied to the lives of the BEC members where it becomes a

norm to the community. Because of the Second Plenary Council of the

Philippines (PCP II), Catholic individuals are now empowered and enticed to

exercise to their fullest extent their political rights. Although there are people who

wants to be apathetic and to be apolitical in the country, the BEC promoter

discussed in his interview that if one does not vote and exercise that right, that

would favor the enemy or politicians who will serve their own purpose or agenda

in Congress.

From these, the researchers can infer that the social doctrines strongly

helped the community to participate in various social and political discussions.

The teachings of the Church are viewed as a strong foundation that further help

them not only in making personal decisions, but also help them to critically act in

the society. Since Compendium of the Social Doctrine of The Church (PCP II,

1992), it stated the role of the Christians like the BEC groups situated in a

political community, for they were able to discuss about their predispositions on a

political candidate. Through these activities, they were able to talk about their

standards of what kind of government and leader they want to govern based on

the moral standards set by these doctrines. Given these points, the social

teachings of the Church have greatly influenced the choice of vote of the BEC

members by providing its adherents a strong moral foundation and a critical mind

85
on what attributes and characteristics should a political candidate possess that is

aligned with the social doctrines of the Church.

B. Projects and Programs of the SPR BEC that Influence Voting

Preferences

In determining the existing conditions of the Basic Ecclesial Community,

one should carefully look and consider a lot of factors. One of which is through

the Parish Priest. According to a study on Azevedo (1985), BECs almost arise

through the initiative of the hierarchy or vertical conception of power and are

sustained by the support it. It was then supported by Picardal (2011) that the vital

role that the clergy specifically the parish priests, play in the formation of BECs.

With this, it can be seen that one of the main factors why Basic Ecclesial

Communities thrive or decline is because of the given support of the Parish

Priest.

In an interview conducted with Sister Elvira G. Galvez, the former BEC

Coordinator General, she also agreed that the success of the BEC depends on

the Parish Priest whether he prioritizes an issue over another or whether to be

active in reaching out to the community or not. Similarly, the Executive Secretary

of CBCP-BEC also corroborate that the conditions of BECs are contextual for it is

dependent to various and wide-ranging factors such as the pre-existing situations

in the community, the people, and to a great extent the Parish Priest. Likewise,

the former BEC Coordinator General also stated that during her time, the Parish

Priest were replaced thus there are cell groups that ceased to exist.

86
 Generally speaking, it can be seen that the Parish Priest can be

considered as one of the main driving factors in relation to how a BEC operates,

for without the former’s blessing and approval, the BEC might abate and may

disappear. One of the repercussions of his decision will be the curtailed

programs and projects that is intended for the community. Thus, when BECs are

somehow not felt by the members, they would often ask their leaders why the

programs and projects of Santisimo Rosario Parish BEC stopped. To illustrate

this, for Sister Elvira, she stated that for every area or zone, they conduct

regularly Bible studies, street masses or also known as kalyeserye, and even

gift-giving. Normally, the BEC members will be attached to the programs and

projects implemented by the BEC for this is a weekly gathering. When this turns

into a habit, more or less the BEC members will constantly look for it when it

vanishes and the members will now ask questions why is not the BEC having a

mass already. This is evident when a certain Parish Priest reduces its zeal and

passion with regard to BECs. Furthermore, she stated that when the Parish

Priest is enthusiastic when it comes to activities related to the BEC, more people

will be persuaded to participate in the said projects without forcing them. Thus, it

can be seen that the Parish Priest is a major factor in determining whether the

direction of a BEC is bright or not.

Some of the projects of the Santisimo Parish Rosario BEC would be the

BEC formation that begins with biblical formation. As a consequence, Bible

sharing and Bible Services in the BEC are both occasions of prayer and also of

faith-formation. Other programs are catechesis, lay leadership, youth formation,

87
family life ministry, social action, and etc. These programs are a means in

forming genuine discipleship for it is concerned with how the poor follow the way,

the truth, and the life of Jesus in their situation of dire poverty. In the Santisimo

Rosario setting, the BEC provided programs such as medical mission,

scholarship programs, feeding programs and Kalyeserye. These programs are

not only for the BEC members, but it also accommodates non-BEC members in

the barangay as well. In asking the respondents on which program and projects

they attended most, Kalyeserye was their utmost priority. The result shows that

out of 100 respondents, Kalyeserye got 100%, followed by feeding program with

88%, scholarship programs with 72% and the least attended was medical service

with 41% (refer to figure 4). Medical services are not frequently conducted unlike

the other programs because they are also dependent on the availability of

medical practitioners or professionals.

Figure 4: BEC Members’ Most Attended Program of the Santisimo Rosario

Parish BEC

88
 According to an interview with the BEC Promoter and a Parish Pastoral

Worker of the Parish, the BEC has a concept of “kapitbahay-kapitbuhay” where

the BEC members share in terms of prayers, in terms of liturgy during the

kalyeserye or also known as the street mass. One of the reasons why BEC

members participate in the street masses is because for them, the church is far,

in terms of distance, from them and since these projects are conducted by

streets, it is nearer to them. He also noted that there is a tripartite collaboration

for the projects and programs for it to be successfully implemented: the BEC, the

BEC area or the streets, and the Santisimo Rosario Parish. With this important

connection, the BEC members can enjoy the programs and projects that is

provided for them. Nevertheless, a former BEC Coordinator General, suggested

that the BEC’s often perceive as significant programs of the Santisimo Rosario

Parish BEC like praying the rosary, bible sharing, and experience sharing.

Through these gathered data, it can be deduced that the parish priest has

a major role in the social transformation that will occur in the community. Hence,

the priest must be socially and politically aware and equipped so that he can

influence his community. His preaching through his sermons can bring

awareness and understanding to the listeners thus resulting to the influx of

participants in the programs and projects of the Santisimo Rosario Parish.

Moreover, structure of information distribution is important so that the grassroot

levels like the Basic Ecclesial Community will also recognize their role in the

transformation. Through these activities, the BEC members will be able to build

camaraderie and sense of belongingness that can help them build a closer

89
relationship with each other. In essence, it can be seen that the active BEC

members are passionate in participating in all the projects and programs

proposed by the Santisimo Rosario Parish BEC because for them it is beneficial

for their spiritual, character, and social development. In effect, the non-BEC

members would want to join the in-group because for them, they see that this

group forms a solid and healthy relationship with each other. Lastly, BECs if they

are taken earnestly, can be a tremendous force for the active social

transformation as well as the renewal in the Philippine Church, for it can be

noticed that it is a force to be reckoned with when it has the support of the Parish

Priest.

C. Importance of BEC’s Shared Norms and Values in Shaping Voting

Preferences

With the renewal of the church, the BEC becomes a participatory church

wherein it creates a sphere of dialogic community. In here, the members share

their intimate experiences, their faith and their ideas at the same time they think

together, discern together, and pray together and as a repercussion, these will

create shared norms and values formed inside a community that may have a

great impact on how one perceives things and how it molds it voting preference

in the upcoming elections.

In its most basic sense, Chong (2000) defined norm as a standard about

what is considered normal that constructs a social behavior in a particular group

or social unit. This forms the basis of collective expectations that members of a

90
community have for each other, exhibit certain regularities in their behavior, and

play a fundamental role in the current social order. Conversely, Kenter, et al.

(2015) defined shared norms as a set of standards that develop and regulate the

relationships in a particular group. Chong (2000) then described values as a

person’s principles or standards of behavior especially religious values are

principles that are ethical and moral founded in religious traditions, texts and

beliefs. Thus, it can be seen that it shapes how individuals think of the world and

how it sees the world because there are ideas held by individuals about what is

desirable, proper, good or bad. All in all, norms and values are the necessary

part of each and every society particularly as it guides a certain community. It is

noteworthy to realize that these shared norms and values strongly creates a

collective consciousness that may result to a more reasoned and informed

choice of vote. Because of this, it paved a way for the creation the BEC culture

where shared norms and principles are then applied. According to Picardal

(2011), community culture is defined as the lifestyle built inside the community

which includes patterns of interaction, behavior and the underlying values,

principles, beliefs and to an extent their worldview. It is the kind of environment

that prevails in a community. Moreover, it also defines patterns of relationship –

whether it is personal or intimate or impersonal or functional.

Everyone has their own personal identity that helps them to connect

through finding similar characters with another person. This personal identity is

the definition of oneself as a person and identity that is different among other. It

also includes the formation of existing values and norms depending on a kind of

91
environment an individual is situated. These existing values and norms can be

influence by many factors, this may be voluntary and involuntary. By voluntary,

one can get the influence through allowing oneself to be part of the group and

comply to the set standards it regulates. Before joining the in-group, an individual

prioritizes the concept of individualism, but when he is already part of it, he

develops a concept of community. Through involuntary, shared norms and

values are being shaped because of current conditions that an individual is

experiencing. In the gathered data of the researchers, the BEC Members gave

high regard to the personal identity of a political candidate. These personal

identities are place of birth, age, religion, gender and educational attainment. In

identifying the behavior of the respondent regarding their considerations about

personal identity, the researchers found out that they have high expectation on

the educational background of a candidate. Out of 100 respondents, 93%

considers the educational attainment of the political candidate, followed by

religion with 89%, age with 72%, gender with 35% and the least consideration is

place of birth with only 18% (refer to figure 5).

92
 Considerations of the BEC Member to the Personal Identity
of a Political Candidate
100% 93%
89%
90% 82%
80% 72%
70% 65%
60%
50%
40% 35%
28%
30%
18%
20% 11%
10% 7%
0%
Place of Birth Age Religion Gender Educational
Attainment

Yes No

Figure 5: Consideration of BEC Member to the Personal Identity of a Political

Candidate

Accordingly, the researchers will present the attitude and behavior of the

BEC members towards a political candidate. The characters that the BEC

preferred and the political candidate they perceived as an image of it will be

identify through showing the tabulated data. As the BEC of Santisimo Rosario

Parish conforms to the threefold mission of being prophetic, priestly and kingly,

the researchers used these concepts on determining how the members of the

group match their shared values to the characteristics that the political candidate

have. Through the values that are formed and aligned to these three concepts,

the church was able to influence the members affecting their social identities.

These social identities of the members created a collective and shared standard

in having a choice of vote. Also, it becomes a way for their political preferences

to be grounded with ethical and religious standards. As an evidence, out of six

characteristics in the considerations of the BEC members to the social identity,

93
five of them earned 100%. These are the capacity of the political candidate to

work with solidarity and unity, has the passion in helping the poor and

marginalized sector, has the means of helping the people, has good reputation

and has knowledge on the socio-political problems of the country (refer to figure

6). It is noticeable that among these considerations to social identity, threefold

mission has the least percentage with 78 counts. In an interview conducted, the

BEC members perceived that these values played by the political candidate is a

pretentious act because they know that candidates only use the prophetic and

priestly act to gain public attention.

Considerations of the BEC Members to the Social

Identity of a Political Candidate
0
Has been practicing the threefold mission of being prophetic, priestly and kingly 0.22
78%

0
Works with solidarity and unity in the community 0
100%

0
Has the passion in helping the poor and marginalized people of the society 0
100%

0.01
Has the means or capability in helping other people 0
99%

0
Has a good reputation 0
100%

0
Has knowledge on the socio-political problems of the country 0
100%

0% 50% 100% 150%

Yes No No Answer

Figure 6: Considerations of the BEC Member to the Social Identity of a

Political Candidate

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 As the researchers simulate the Top 12 of 2019 Senatorial Candidates

released by Pulse Asia on December 2018, it is shown in the result of the survey

that some political candidates have met their standard characteristics and

matches on their preferences basing on the social identity of a political candidate.

The top 12 that was included in released of Pulse Asia was Grace Poe, Cynthia

Villar, Sonny Angara, Pia Cayetano, Nancy Binay, Lito Lapid, Koko Pimentel,

Serge Osmena, Bong Revilla, Imee Marcos, Jinggoy Estrada and Bato Dela

Rosa [ CITATION Pul18 \l 13321 ].

In the study, two women led in terms of the social category in relation to

the voting preferences of the BEC. Grace Poe stood out among the twelve

candidates with 83.3% vote and then followed by Cynthia Villar with 71%. The

researchers assumed that because the respondents are predominantly women,

their gender has contributed in their voting preference. Among the 100

respondents, 83% of them are women. Every vote to the candidate in this section

signifies that they perceived them as doers of these social identities. In this

regard, majority of the respondents envisioned Grace Poe practicing these social

identities they prefer for a certain political candidate. After Villar, 66.4% said that

Koko Pimentel has the social identities they consider, followed by Nancy Binay

with 62.4%, Pia Cayetano with 61.4%, Jingoy Estrada with 49.3%, Sonny Angara

with 48.9%, Imee Marcos with 47.6%, Sergio Osmena with 47.4%, Bong Revilla

with 43%, Bato Dela Rosa with 41.6%, and lastly, Lito Lapid with 37.3% (refer to

figure 7).

95
 Attitude of the BEC Member towards the
Social Identity of a Political Candidate
90.0 83.3
80.0 71.0
70.0 66.4
61.4 62.4
60.0 48.9 47.4 43.0 47.6 49.3
50.0 41.6
37.3
40.0
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
e r a o y
pi
d el a la s a a
Po Villa g ar tan ina a e nt eñ evil arco rad Ros
e e B L m t
ac h ia An y y to m Os ng R e M y E
s la
Gr t n y Ca anc Li Pi e e De
n n a o g o o o
Cy So Pi N
Ko
k
Se
r B Im ing t
J Ba

Figure 7: Attitude of the BEC Member towards the Social Identity of a

Political Candidate

Getting in depth in the discussion of the practiced and shared values of

the Basic Ecclesial Community, prophetic values is one their followed norms. It

aims to have a Christ-centered ministry and let individuals to act ethically in the

society. The BEC members see the importance of having a behavior that has

embodied with justice, social awareness, and evangelizations; away from

oppression, injustices, corruption, indulgence and greed. Out of 100

respondents, each character is voted by the members with 100% (refer to figure

8). They highly give importance to the Prophetic values of a political candidate.

Through these characteristics under Prophetic in Community, members of the

society are having awareness about equality and human rights which being

hampered in the current system. This 100% votes of the members of the BEC, as

a collective decision, can be assumed that they are eagerly looking for change

since the current administration lacks all these prophetic values. On the

application of the values to the top twelve political candidates, they once again

96
envisaged the value of Grace Poe, who earned 72.6% votes and followed by

Cynthia Villar (refer to figure 8). In looking at the political backgrounds and

actions of Poe, she clearly embodies some of the prophetic values such as

promoting social awareness programs, denouncing oppression, corruption and

injustices. Moreover, 44.9% said that Nancy Binay embodies the prophetic

values, 42.2% for Pia Cayetano, 35.3% for Lito Lapid, 35.1% for Sony Angara,

35% for Koko Pimentel, 34.9 for Serge Osmena, 28% for Jingoy Estrada, 22.2 for

Bong Revilla, 18.3% for Imee Marcos and lastly, 18.2% for Bato Dela Rosa (refer

to figure 8).

Attitude of the BEC Member towards the

Prophetic Values of a Political Candidate
80.0 72.6
70.0
60.0 51.1
50.0 42.2 44.9
40.0 35.1 35.3 35.0 34.9
28.0
30.0 22.2 18.3 18.2
20.0
10.0
0.0
e r a o y
pi
d el a la os ada os
a
Po Villa g ar tan ina a e nt eñ evil a rc r R
e e B L m t
ac h ia An y y to m Os ng R e M y E
s la
Gr t n y Ca anc Li Pi e e De
n n a o g o o o
Cy So Pi N
Ko
k
Se
r B Im ing t
J Ba

Figure 8: Attitude of the BEC Members towards the Prophetic Values of a

Political Candidate

The next shared norms and values is being Priestly in the Community.

This focused on the spiritual aspect of influence of the church to the group and its

members. The behavior of the BEC members here is noticeably balance

because they do not observe and see the pure intentions of the political

candidates in attending these practices. As seen in figure 9, compared to the

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Prophetic values that achieves absolute 100% on each character, only the

capacity to do charity works with 84% has the highest rating among others. Out

of 100 respondents, 77% said that they consider a political candidate who

attends prayer and thanksgiving celebration, 73% considered a political

candidate who participates in fiesta, 72% of them wanted a political candidate

who regularly share the teachings of the church, 68% preferred a candidate who

participates in popular devotions and lastly, 63% considered a candidate who

participate in liturgical-sacramental celebrations.

Considerations of the BEC Members to the Priestly

Values of a Political Cadidate
Participates in popular devotions. 32%
68%

Participates in fiesta celebrations 27%

73%

Participates in liturgical-sacramental celebrations. 37%

63%

Active participates in charity works and events 16%

84%

Regularly shares the teachings of the Church 28%

72%

Attends prayer and thanksgiving celebration 23%

77%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%

Yes No

Figure 9: Considerations of the BEC Members to the Priestly Values of a

Political Candidate

Once again, Grace Poe and Cynthia Villar led the results with almost draw

collated response, 35.8% and 35.7% respectively out of 100 respondents (refer

to figure 10). The votes did not even reach 50% of the threshold. Next to Villar,

98
29% affirmed Pia Cayetano as a candidate who practiced in priestly values,

followed by Koko Pimentel with 24.3%, Jinggoy Estrada with 23%, Sonny Angara

with 22.3%, Bong Revilla with 21.3%, Lito Lapid with 20.8%, Nancy Binay with

19.7%, Serge Osmena with 19.5%, Imee Marcos with 18%, and lastly, Bato Dela

Rosa with 17.8% (refer to figure 10). In this result, it is evident that BEC

members do not consider the importance of the priestly values of a political

candidate for they see that it is only a pretentious act. Also, the existence of more

religious groups who are also practicing the shared norms of the church like the

Santisimo Rosario Parish are gradually increasing.

Attitude of the BEC Member towards the

Priestly Values of a Political Candidate
40.0 35.8 35.7
35.0 29.7
30.0
22.3 24.3 23.0
25.0 19.7 20.8 19.5 21.3 18.0 17.8
20.0
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
e r a o y d l a la s a sa
Po Villa ar an na pi te eñ evil co rad
e n g e t Bi La e n
m ar t Ro
c y m s R s a
a hi
a A a cy Lito Pi O g M E el
Gr nt ny ia C an o ge on me
e
oy to D
y n N k r B I g
C So P Ko Se Jin Ba

Figure 10: Attitude of the Participants towards the Priestly Value of a

Political Candidates

Last to the social identity shared by the Church is Kingly or Service in the

Community. Contrasting to the two shared norms and values, this teaching is the

one that is perfectly suited for the study because it focused on the social,

economic and most especially, the political role of the members of the BEC in the

society. The said standards of being Maka-tao, Maka-Diyos, Maka-Bayan, and

99
Maka-Kalikasan are part of these values. This section highlights the BEC as

active key players in social transformation, peace-building, clean election, human

rights defense, ecology campaigns, socio-economic projects, and better

government policies. Among all these characteristics, BEC members find that a

political candidate who advocates for honest election, who is a staunch defender

of human rights, and who promotes better ecology movement is the best option

to be chosen by the group than those who does not fight for the aforesaid.

These three characteristics gathered 100% and then followed by active in social

transformation with 99% (refer to figure 11). The BEC members observed the

current government and seek for transformation since these three mostly voted

characters are being laden in the administration. In the conducted focus group

discussion, the member expresses their dismay in the current government

officials because it burdens a lot of catholic teachings and they see the senatorial

election as an opportunity to regain the hope for social transformation. Among

the 100 respondents, 92% considered a characteristic of being active in protest

against unreasonable government policies, 91% wanted a political candidate who

is active in socio-political projects, while 83% said that it is important for a

candidate to be active in peacebuilding.

100
 Considerations of the BEC Members to the Service
Values of a Political Candidate
Active in the social transformation 1 99

Active in protest action against objectionable government policies. 8

92

Active in peace-building. 17
83

Active in voter’s education and working for clean and honest election 0 100

Active in promotion and defense of human rights 0 100

Active in ecology campaigns. 0 100

Active in socio-economic projects. 9

91
0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Yes No

Figure 11: Considerations of the Respondents to the Service Values of a

Political Candidate

Grace Poe, an independent candidate, earned 76.3% while the lowest

was Bato Dela Rosa, who included in the party group of the current

administration, only earned 28.6% from the 100 BEC members (refer to Figure

12). Next to Grace Poe is Cynthia Villar with 69.6%, Sonny Angara with 59.1%,

Pia Cayetano with 55.7%, Lito Lapid with 47.3%, Koko Pimentel with 46.4%,

Nancy Binay with 43%, Serge Osmena with 42.4%, Bong Revilla wit 33.6%,

Jinggoy Estrada with 33.1% and Imee Marcos with 33.1% (refer to figure 12).

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 Attitude of the Members towards the
Service Values of a Political Candidate
90.0
80.0 76.3
69.6
70.0
59.1 55.7
60.0
50.0 47.3 46.4
43.0 42.4
40.0 33.6 31.1 33.1
28.6
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
e r a n o n ay id el a la s a sa
Po Villa gar ta i ap e nt eñ evil arco rad Ro
e n e B L m t a
ac ia A ay y to Pi
m Os n g R e M y E
s l
Gr nth ny ia C a nc Li o g e o e o De
y n N k r B m g to
C So P Ko Se I
Jin Ba

Figure 12: Attitudes of the BEC Members towards the Service Values of a

Political Candidate

Once an individual immense to a group, there is a huge tendency that

perspective will be influence by the others and reflections will also change. A

good manifestation if when a political candidate is part of a political party or any

other organization. In the gathered results, BEC members highly considered a

political candidate who belongs to a rich family. In fact, 92% of the respondents

are in favor of a rich candidate. The idea behind their high response to that

character is that, these rich candidates has the possibility on not corrupting and

stealing the government’s income because they do not need it anymore. Instead,

their wealth will then be distributed or shared to the people. Another high

consideration is the political party of a candidate. Out of 100 respondents, 88%

agreed that they most likely to vote a senator who belongs to a political party that

matches their interest. However, as deliberated in the FGD, they would still vote

a candidate whom they observed that matches their interest, values and

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characters. Next to their considerations, 78% said that they want a candidate

who is part of a Christian Community, 72% preferred a candidate who belongs to

a good party cadre, 69% wanted a candidate who belongs to a religious

organization like BEC, 66% favored a candidate who is under a political dynasty,

and 65% ideally wants a candidate who is part of a powerful political party.

Considerations of the BEC Members in the Social

Categorization of a Political Candidate
Belongs to Christian Community 0 22% 78%
Belongs to a religious organization 0 31% 69%
Belongs to political dynasty 0 34% 66%
0.06
Belongs to a rich family 2% 92%
Belongs to a powerful political party 0 35% 65%
Belongs to a good party cadres with projects 0 28% 72%
Belongs to a certain political party 0 12% 88%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Yes No No Answer

Figure 13: Considerations of the BEC Members in the Social

Categorization of a Political Candidate

In this Social Categorization, the favoring attitude of the BEC members

went to Cynthia Villar. Because of her popularity in terms of wealth, she gained

the highest among the top twelve candidates with 55% vote of the population

followed by Grace Poe with 52%. Koko Pimentel, who is a Chairman of a known

political party in the Philippines and a son of a former senator, gained 47.86%

followed by Sonny Angara with 47.71%. From a political dynasty candidate,

Jinggoy Estrada, son of a Mayor in Manila, was favored with 43.71%, Pia

Cayetano, who is from a well-known political family, earned 42.71%, Imee

103
Marcos with 42%, Serge Osmena with 38.86%, and Nancy Binay with 40.29.

Only 36.43% of the members voted for Lito Lapid while 34.29% for Revilla.

Attitude of the BEC Members towards the Social

Categorization of a Political Candidates
60.00 55.00
52.00
50.00 47.71 47.86
42.14 42.00 43.71
40.29 38.86
40.00 36.43 37.71
34.29
30.00

20.00

10.00

0.00
e r a y l a s
Po lla ar an
o
na
id te eñ lla co da sa
e Vi g et Bi La
p
en m e vi ar tra Ro
ac ia An a y cy to im s R M Es la
Gr th y C n Li P e
O ng ee y De
n nn Pi
a Na ko rg Bo Im go to
Cy So Ko Se Jin Ba

Figure 14: Attitude of the BEC Members towards the Social

Categorization of a Political Candidates

Out of the 100 respondents, the results showed that Grace Poe rank the

first position with an average vote of 65.25. It means, BEC members envisioned

her values and characters similar to their practices. She is followed by Cynthia

Villar with 56.75, Pia Cayetano with 46.47, Koko Pimentel with 44.06, Sonny

Angara with 42.78, Nancy Binay with 42.83, Serge Osmeña with 37.00, Lito

Lapid with 35.83, Jinggoy Estrada with 35.36, Imee Marcos with 31.06, Bong

Revilla with 30.67 and last in the rank is Bato Dela Rosa with 28.50.

104
 CANDIDATE AVERAGE OF RANK

VOTE

Grace Poe 65.25 1

Cynthia Villar 56.75 2
Pia Cayetano 46.47 3
Koko Pimentel 44.06 4
Sonny Angara 42.78 5
Nancy Binay 42.83 6
Serge Osmeña 37.00 7
Lito Lapid 35.83 8
Jingoy Estrada 35.36 9
Imee Marcos 31.06 10
Bong Revilla 30.67 11
Bato Dela Rosa 28.50 12

Figure 15: Rank of the Political Candidate based on the Voting Preference of the

registered BEC Members of Barangay 465, 466 and 467 of Sampaloc, Manila

As per Holden, Nadeau & Porio (2017), if the BEC is the community at the

grassroots, the family as the church in the home has the most prominent role in

shaping the BEC. For them, without family groups, there would be no existing

BEC. Truly, the BEC is a community of communities since it consists of several

families, perhaps seven to fifteen families where families bond together for

Eucharist and prayer, for mutual help, and for community discernment and action

towards the progress of the society.

In correlation with this, in a focus group discussion with people

knowledgeable on the Santisimo Rosario Parish BEC, the BEC Coordinator

General told that each Parish Priest is distinct from one another and the

programs and project implemented in the community will be truly dependent on

105
the former’s decision to do so. On the other hand, the Coordinator of the

Vicariate Loreto BEC gave a noteworthy example where he cited a bishop who

went from one house to another and who perform the pastoral visit that greatly

affected the members and non-members to actively participate in the activities of

the Church. This just shows how a Parish Priest heavily dictates the condition

where programs and projects of a certain BEC in the Philippines can be

successful or not. The same interviewee also said that for him, the most

memorable project was the distribution of the Bibles called “Ilaw ng Tahanan” to

different households. On the contrary, for a respondent who is a member of

Parish Biblical Apostolate, she told us that for her, Flores de Mayo is one of the

most celebrated and most important programs given in a community for this

provides a way for the kids to learn how to properly pray the Santorosaryo before

they offer flowers to Mama Mary. She even added that the basic value formation

is given to the BEC members’ children that is conducted in the University though

feeding program initiated by the Parish. When it comes to applying the shared

norms and values formed inside the BEC, she mentioned that because they are

here in this group since time immemorial equipped with unwavering faith, she

deems that the very own projects and programs of the Santisimo Parish Rosario

BEC in one way or another moves the voting perception of its devotees. In the

long run, BEC members will have a spiritual development and growth and

eventually their values will be further deepened that can dictate how they

perceive a political candidate. Likewise, another interviewee added that when the

Parish’s BEC organize the kalyeserye, the BEC members gather together where

106
they pray the rosary as one. Thus, for her the projects and programs really have

a great impact to its followers and non-followers.

In a message delivered by Sr. Regina De Jose Cobrador [ CITATION Gar99

\l 13321 ], she stated that the primary mission of BECs as a way of being a

community of disciples is the promotion of full Christian life that is over and

above “maka-Diyos, maka-bayan, maka-kapitbahayan, maka-buhay, at maka-

kalikasa.” Similarly, in an interview with the BEC promoter of the Santisimo

Rosario Parish, he noted that he constantly reminds the BEC members to adhere

to four fundamental BEC characteristics such as Maka-Diyos, Maka-Bayan,

Maka-Tao, and Makakalikasan. Thus, these shared principles in the BEC

contribute to how the people in the said community perceive phenomena and

issues concerning the society.

In addition to that, according to the BEC promoter in an interview, he

avowed that one of the shared norms created inside a BEC is helping one

another as a community. To put it in another way, he gave an example that when

a basic ecclesial community member’s house got burned, the community will

offer any help that they can extend to the affected member thus inculcating the

notion of “damayan.” Further strengthened by the former BEC Coordinator

General in the in-depth interview, she also stated that one advantage of BEC is

that they help each other because it is derived from the word of God. She also

asserted that “kapitbahay-kapitbuhay” describes the acts of charity made by the

BEC members with their co-members in times of need.

107
 Furthermore, for the Executive Secretary of CBCP-BEC, the shared norms

and values formed inside the community shall be provided for by the pastoral

letters because these documents specify more or less whom to vote for in the

upcoming elections. He also asserted that the more conscience-stricken BEC

members would definitely heed the call of the bishops to not consider candidates

who are against the standards of the Catholic Church because these norms and

values should be a great factor in choosing who to carefully vote for in the

approaching elections.

From all these data gathered, the researchers infer that existing norms

and values are an important aspect inculcated in the voting preference of an

individual. It is one of the driving factors that every political candidate should

consider because the vote of these groups has a huge impact in the society

especially, they are exerting more effort to encourage more people in the

grassroot level to join and accept the teachings of the Church. In essence, it can

be seen that BECs are small Christian communities, usually families that are

from the small community, who regularly gather around the Bible and the

Eucharist. These communities form and share norms and principles over time

because closely and intimately linked to one another for they know their names

and even their concerns in both material and spiritual. Truly, the BEC is a

community of communities since it consists of several families, perhaps seven to

fifteen families. Families bond together for prayer, for mutual help, and for

community discernment and action. All in all, they have a strong sense of

108
belongingness and of responsibility for one another as brothers and sisters of

Christ in the faith.

D. Other Factors that Affect the Voting Preferences of a Registered BEC

Member

Aside from the shared values and norms inside the BEC group and the

Santisimo Rosario Parish, there are a lot of possible factors that affects the

voting preferences of a BEC member. In the data gathered, BEC members

consider their Social and Economic status regardless of being part of the

marginalized group. It was agreed by 89% of the respondents (refer to figure. In

the conducted focused group discussion, members also see the economic and

social condition of their members and even non-members. They take into

consideration the condition of the country before voting a political candidate. As

part of the theoretical frameworks used in the study, the BEC members exhibited

an altruistic character which is taking decision that will benefit and give

advantage to others and not only for their own goods. They screen the

candidates before voting them and look for a platform that would provide good

welfare to all concerns. Another influence is the religious background of the

political candidate with 81% of the respondents. As discussed, the BEC

members match their existing values and characters, which also have 78%

votes, as their political preference to the political candidate they are choosing.

Followed by the influence of the family with 69%, co-member BEC with 67%,

109
political promotion with 65% and lastly non-BEC neighbor with 58% (refer to

Figure 16).

Measurement of Other Influences in the Paticipant's

Voting Preferences
15%
Existing Values 7%
78%
19%
Polical Promotions or Advertisements 16%
65%
29%
Neighbors's Voting Preference 13%
58%
13%
Family Member's Voting Preference 18%
69%
10%
Co-member's Voting Preference 23%
67%
2%
Social and Economic Status 6%
89%
12%
Religious background of the Political Candidate 7%
81%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Yes Maybe No

Figure 16: Other Influences in the BEC members’ Voting Preference

According to an interview with the BEC promoter, an underlying factor that

may affect the voting preferences of the registered voters outside the BEC is the

barangay chairman. He stated that the 4Ps (Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino

Program), a kind of conditional cash transfer program that is predominantly used

by the poor, is utilized by politicians to their own personal advantage. Those non-

BEC members are prone to accepting vote-buying because they have no solid

foundations or principles that guide them in the way they vote. Another external

factor that may shape the way a voter thinks is the leader in the community.

110
Because when the BEC member reaches enlightenment, he/she will not risk his

vote for a temporary money, but will choose for the betterment of the community.

On the other hand, for the BEC Coordinator General, she considers a candidate

that is trustworthy because in the current Philippine setting, most of the

politicians now are not reliable. Another factor that may affect the voting

preference of a voter is the concept of false hope. She asserted that the reason

why a certain voter opted for a candidate, because during the campaign period,

he/she only showcased an ambitious platform without rendering any action for it

to bear fruit. She even mentioned that although the Catholic church has no notion

of Catholic vote, she told us that BECs should start changing their ways for it will

definitely affect the future.

On the other hand, in the focus group discussion conducted by the

researchers, one participant mentioned that there is really a unity and a sense of

belongingness in the BEC. For instance, when one member faces tribulations

and sicknesses, the neighborhood will collect money and give it to the afflicted

member as a sign of their solidarity and family-like relationship. Furthermore,

even if there is a non-BEC member who experiences the same thing, they opt to

set aside their differences and help each other in the neighborhood although

most of them are less fortunate.

Given these points, it can be seen that it is noteworthy to realize that

religion is not the only factor in affecting the voting preference of BEC member

that is a registered voter, but an important one. It can also be seen that aside

from religion and the church, there are numerous factors like socio-economic

111
status, co-BEC members’ voting preference, family member’s voting preference,

existing values, political advertisements, and to an extent the candidate’s

religious background can have an impact to how a BEC member cast his vote.

Furthermore, it can be deduced that BEC is really all about the idea of a contrast

community because the BEC stands in stark contrast to the non-BEC members

or wider society that is entailed with further divisions, conflicts, imbalances,

dichotomies, lack of participation, neglect of the poor and marginalized, and to

some extent lack of solidarity. Indeed, the BEC is a new way of being the

Church, for it represents a new paradigm of Church where it is embedded at the

grassroots that is gradually transforming itself into a Church of the Poor, a

Church of servant leadership be the clergy and religious with full participation by

empowered lay people specifically the poor.

E. OVERALL ANALYSIS

Upon careful analysis of the aforementioned, the researchers were able to

recognize the influence of the Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic Ecclesial

Community (BEC) in shaping the voter’s preferences of the registered voters that

are also BEC members in barangays 465-467 in Sampaloc, Manila in the

upcoming 2019 Philippine Senatorial Elections. The researchers’ analysis unveils

that the Parish’s BEC contribute to the shaping of the voting preferences of its

members through inculcating in them the social doctrines of the Catholic Church

like the Catholic Bishops’ Conference of the Philippines (CBCP) Pastoral Letter

and the Bible. Moreover, the researchers also gathered that the BEC members

differ from non-BEC members primarily because the former adheres to four

112
fundamental BEC principles such as Maka-tao, Maka-Diyos, Maka-bayan, and

Maka-kalikasan that shape their choice of vote and that impedes them to even

consider vote-buying which is predominant in the realm of Philippine politics.

After assessing the influence of the Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic

Ecclesial Community (BEC), the study provides a greater understanding between

the dynamic interrelationship of religion and politics in the Philippine setting. The

significant contributions of basic ecclesial communities show that concepts like

“kapitbahay-kapitbuhay” and “damayan” are learned by heart and then applied to

the everyday lives of its adherents thus eventually shaping the consciousness of

the voter. It is also noteworthy to realize that BECs can be attributed to its

relentless efforts to serve the grassroots, the underprivileged, and the

marginalized groups who cannot go to the church because as a way being the

church, it connects itself to the general public. Another thing that can be inferred

from the aforesaid is the fact that religion especially in the Philippine setting is a

critical factor in shaping the community’s consciousness and thinking on certain

socio-political issues that concern the country today. Albeit some of the church

leaders remain divided whether the church should stay out of politics, it can be

seen that in the Philippine setting, religion can affect how politics will work at the

same time influence the voters to vote for a candidate that reflects the

fundamental characteristics of a BEC. Additionally, the researchers assert that in

general, the projects and programs implemented by the Parish’s BEC like the

Kalyeserye, Medical Mission, Voter’s Education, and the like affect the members’

voting preferences in the upcoming 2019 Philippine Senatorial Elections by

113
imparting lessons that can help affect their perception on socio-political,

economical, and environmental issues. Furthermore, in terms of being part of the

in-group especially inside a basic ecclesial community, the researchers

extrapolated that the majority of the BEC members believe that generally the

BEC helps contribute in shaping their voting preferences that would translate to a

more reasoned vote. Lastly, it can be seen that there are numerous factors that

may affect the voting preference of a BEC registered voter for it can be cultural,

religious, economic, political, and sociological in nature in relation to how they

perceive the candidates in the upcoming elections.

Chapter V

114
 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

The results of the study are generally geared to explain how the Santisimo

Rosario Parish Basic Ecclesial Community (BEC) influence its BEC members

that are also registered voters in the upcoming 2019 Philippine Senatorial

elections and one manifestation of this is through the successful implementation

of the programs and projects that are catered for the community. The study’s

findings show that there are constant challenges and struggles encountered by

the Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic Ecclesial Community (BEC) especially that

the influence of the BEC is heavily dependent to the Parish Priest whether the

latter is supportive or not when it comes to implementing projects, for he will

dictate the impact that it will leave in relation to its members and the development

of the BEC as a whole. The study as a whole could provide additional information

in understanding the overall effect of basic ecclesial communities toward its

followers and shed light on the advantages of being part of an in-group.

The study is intended to be of great significance to the limited literature

tackling religion and politics especially elections vis-à-vis basic ecclesial

communities. Furthermore, very few or inadequate studies have offered a

resurgence of the modern power and influence of religion in the Philippine

context. Thus, it is part of this research’s raison d'être to contribute to the

discussion concerning the apparent and direct relationship of religious groups

and the shaping of the voting preferences of registered voters. This study greatly

contributes to the present literature by looking further in analyzing the projects

and programs implemented by basic ecclesial communities and how it provides

115
itself as an indicator that can shape a voter’s perception on prevailing issues.

Moreover, this would also be of great impact to the field of Political Science since

it offers a brand-new perception in the discipline that goes against the orthodox a

and traditionalistic approach. The collected data therefore provides an emerging

and dynamic relationship brewing between the study of politics and religion and

how the former challenges the status quo in the development of the field.

On the present condition of the Basic Ecclesial Community, it is evident

that the Santisimo Rosario Parish provided a strong foundation of spiritual and

character formation to the group. However, the church must also be aware that

the establishment of BEC is not only limited to spiritual concerns, but it is a fruit

of liberation theology that entails the importance of political consciousness of the

members. Most of them are cognizant of certain social and political conditions

that are transpiring in the society today, but there are still some who are

apathetic when it comes to the persisting socio-political issues that face the

Philippines today. The Church, as a powerful institution and as a body of

community, must educate its people about the importance of voting wisely since

its members also receive the direct effects when a certain political leader started

to govern. By being part of an in-group, it clearly demonstrates that values and

norms can influence its members, but still, it is necessary that the influences are

established with sufficient knowledge and understanding of the context.

As can be shown with the earlier discussions, the researchers concluded

that the Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic Ecclesial Community (BEC) as an

institution generally influences and affects its BEC members that are also

116
registered voters in numerous and different ways. One of which is through

successfully implementing the BEC’s programs and projects for the community

like Catechetical Program, Youth Formation, and Liturgico-Sacramental Program

at the same time projects like Feeding Program, Scholarship Program, Medical

Services, Mass Baptism, Mass Confirmation, Pastoral Ministry, Voter’s

Education, Fellowship and to top it all is the Kalyeserye or street mass that in

turn can shape how its members perceive the socio-political issues plaguing the

Philippines today. The aforementioned results show that because of the regular

projects and programs conducted by the Parish’s BEC, this in turn will inculcate

doctrines and credos that can shape how BEC member would vote for a certain

candidate and how the former heavily molds the latter’s voting preference.

Another way how the BEC influences its members is through the social teachings

of the Church. Although the Church does not explicitly state its preferred

candidate because of the notion of the separation of the church and the state, but

the Church only acts as a guide and a standard leaving its members to carefully

discern and whether to follow it or not is still subjective to the registered BEC

member’s discretion. For example, the parish priest during a homily will tell the

audience to not vote for a certain candidate who is partisan with a politician who

is for and who allows extra-judicial killings, same sex marriage, divorce and the

like because how the candidates vote for socio-political issues such as this,

would reflect their principles and their beliefs.

Towards the end, the data showed that BEC members practice what they

have learned from the social teachings of the church and even from the

117
programs and projects that were given to them and eventually applying it when it

comes to voting for a certain candidate. Likewise, there is a significant difference

between a BEC member and a non-BEC member towards how they vote for a

certain candidate. It can be observed that BEC members adhere to four

fundamental characteristics of a BEC member such as Maka-Diyos, Maka-tao,

Maka-bayan, and Maka-kalikasan that shape their choice of vote and that

hinders them to even consider vote-buying unlike non-BEC members who

adhere to such and is influenced by politicians and politicians’ money because of

their socio-economic status. In terms of being part of the in-group, majority of the

BEC members believe that usually the BEC helps contribute in shaping their

voting preferences that would translate to a more reasoned vote through their

shared experiences and norms. However, when it comes to the extent of

influence of the Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic Ecclesial Community (BEC), it all

depends on the Parish Priest whether he is enthusiastic or not with regard to

having a BEC and employing the projects and programs for he is the sole and

principal actor whether the BEC will thrive or will cease to exist.

Through the usage of both the theoretical and conceptual frameworks

identified in the initial chapters of the study – Theory of Reasoned Action, Social

Identity Theory, and Altruism Theory in Voting – the study was able to show not

only how Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic Ecclesial Community asserts itself as a

means to affect the perception of a voter, but also the conceptual framework

depicted other factors that may have an effect to a voter that in turn shapes the

voter’s preference that results to a more reasonable choice of vote. The

118
theoretical frameworks utilized in this study adequately reflects and complements

each other in looking for the underlying factors that can shape a voter’s

perception on deliberately choosing a political candidate.

Despite the utmost efforts undertaken by the researchers to minimize the

limitations of the study, there are several restrictions which the researchers

would like to acknowledge. First and foremost, the scope of the outcome of the

study only applies to the basic ecclesial communities thriving in the Philippine

setting. Secondly, due to time constraints, the researchers would like to

acknowledge the inadvertent probability of examining and scrutinizing some

aspects of the data gathering and analysis in order to comply with the completion

of the said research. Rest assured that the researchers objectively and carefully

analyzed the results of the study. Lastly, as per the data collected, there may be

discrepancies when it comes to the data on the BEC members of barangays 465-

467 thus there is the possibility that biases could be implicated in the findings of

the studies.

As the empirical data and studies show, thus, it is noteworthy to realize

that not only the programs and projects launched by the Basic Ecclesial

Community (BEC) of the Santisimo Rosario Parish that influence the BEC

members, but also other factors such as the social teachings of the Catholic

Church, the shared norms and values created inside a Basic Ecclesial

Community like Maka-Diyos, Maka-tao, Maka-bayan, and Maka-Kalikasan; the

notion of being a part of the in-group or co-BEC member, and to an extent,

political advertisements. In effect, this influence will be a manifestation on how

119
the voter will choose certain senatorial candidates that will be in accordance with

the social teachings and doctrines of the Catholic Church.

The researchers recommend that the Church and the leaders of the BEC

must work together, not only in the spiritual formation of the group, but also in

helping the members to know their fundamental role in the society. The collective

action of a group that is governed and shaped by religious values and principles

can help elect a leader that has the same moral standards with them. Through

their altruistic character in voting, a political candidate can help the

underprivileged and the disregarded people who belongs to the marginalized

sector in order to be alleviated from poverty. Although there is much to be done,

the continuous promotion of BECs which started over 40 years ago persist. Albeit

much has been accomplished over the years, yet more efforts necessitate to

realize the renewed vision of the Church promoted by the Vatican II.

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APPENDIX A:
132
 SAMPLE
QUESTIONNAIRE

EXAMPLE QUESTIONNAIRE USED FOR PILOT TESTING:

Good Day!
We, Karen Daryl L. Brito and Ralph Gabriel D. Buella, are fourth year students of
University of Santo Tomas taking up Bachelor of Arts in Political Science. We are
currently conducting a study on the Voting Preference of the members of the
Basic Ecclesial Community of the Santisimo Rosario Parish on the upcoming
2019 Senatorial Election in partial fulfillment of our course, Thesis II. In light with
this, we humbly ask your knowledge and opinion by filling out accurately as
possible this questionnaire which will greatly contribute our study.
Thank you!

133
Magandang Araw!
Kami ay sina Karen Daryl L. Brito at Ralph Gabriel D. Buella, na nasa ikaapat na
taon bilang mag-aaral ng Universidad ng Santo Tomas na kumukuha ng
Bachelor of Arts in Political Science. Kami po ay kasalukuyang nagsasagawa ng
pag-aaral patungkol sa voting preference ng mga miyembro ng Basic Ecclesial
Community ng Santisimo Rosario Parish para sa nalalapit na 2019 Senatorial
Election sa bahagyang katuparan sa aming kursong Thesis II. Alinsunod dito,
kami po ay humihingi ng inyong kaalaman at opinion sa Panamanian ng
pagsagot sa mga katanungan na makakatulong na mas mapalalim ang aming
pag-aaral.
Maraming Salamat po!

Pangalan (Opsyonal):_____________________
Edad (Age): ________________________
Kasarian (Gender): ⃝ Lalake ⃝ Babae
Sibil na Estado (Civi; Status): ⃝ Walang Asawa ⃝ Kasal ⃝ Biyuda/Ligal na
hiwalay
Miyembro ng BEC (Membership in BEC): ⃝ Oo ⃝Hindi
(Bilang ng taon ng pagsisilbi: ____, Posisyon: __________)
Nasasakupang Barangay (Barangay Area): ⃝465 ⃝466 ⃝467

KNOWLEDGE / KAALAMAN NG KALAHOK

Encircle your answer on the following questions:
Bilugan and iyong sagot sa mga sumusunod na katanungan:
1. Are you a registered voter?
Ikaw ba ay rehistradong botante?
a. Yes (Oo)
b. No (Hindi)
2. Are you aware of the upcoming 2019 Senatorial Election?
Ikaw ba ay may kaalaman sa nalalapit na 2019 Senatorial Elections?

134
 a. I am aware (Alam ko)
b. Slightly aware (May kaunting alam)
c. I am not aware (Hindi ko alam)
3. Are you aware of the top 12 Senatorial Candidates leading in the Pulse
Asia?
Ikaw ba ay may kaalaman sa 12 na nagungunang kandidato na tumatakbo sa
pagka-senador?
a. I am aware (Alam ko)
b. I am not aware (Hindi ko alam)
4. Are you aware of the Basic Ecclessial Community of Santisimo Rosario
Parish?
Alam mo ba ang Basic Ecclesial Community ng Santisimo Rosario Parish?
a. I am aware (Alam ko)
b. I am not aware (Hindi ko alam)
5. Are you aware of the projects and programs of the BEC of Santisimo
Rosario Parish, such as the Kalyeserye, Feeding Program, Scholarship
Program, and Medical Services? (If you are not aware, please proceed to
number 8)
Alam mo ba ang mga proyekto at programa ng BEC ng Santitismo Rosario
Parish tulad ng Kalyeserye, Feeding Program, Scholarship Program at
Serbisyong Medikal? (Kung hindi mo ito alam, sagutan ang nasa ika-walo na
numero)
a. I am aware (Alam ko)
b. I am not aware (Hindi ko alam)
6. If yes, what are the programs of the BEC of Santismo Rosario Parish have
you participated into?
Kung ikaw ay may kaalaman, ano sa mga programa ng BEC ng Santisimo
Rosario Parish ang iyong nadaluhan?
a. Feeding Program
b. Scholarship Program
c. Medical Services
d. Kalyeserye

135
 7. Are you aware of the practices being conducted in Kalyeserye?
Alam mo ba ang mga kagawiang ginagawa sa Kalyeserye?
a. I am aware (Alam ko)
b. I am not aware (Hindi ko alam)
8. Have you ever participated in the street masses of the BEC of Santisimo
Rosario?
Naranasan mo na bang makilahok sa mga misang isinagawa ng BEC ng
Santisimo Rosario Parish sa kalsada
a. Yes (Oo)
b. Not yet (Hindi pa)
9. How did you learn about the projects and programs of the Santisimo
Rosario Parish?
Paano mo nalaman ang mga proyekto at programa ng BEC ng Santisimo
Rosario Parish?
a. Mass announcement (Anunsyo sa Misa)
b. Family (Pamilya)
c. Neighbor (Kapitbahay)
d. Organization (Organisasyon)
e. Others, please specify (Sa iba pa, tukuying ito) _____________
10. Do you have any knowledge about the social teachings of the BEC of
Santisimo Rosario Parish that can affect the voting preference of the
member?
Mayroon ka bang kaalaman patungkol sa mga panlipunang doktrina o social
teachings ng BEC ng Santisimo Rosario Parish na makakaapekto sa isang
voting preference ng miyembro?
a. Yes (Meron)
b. None (Wala)

ATTITUDE / SALOOBIN:
Put a check mark ( / ) if you think that the characteristics below must be
considered in order to choose a political candidate.

136
Lagyan ng tsek (/) kung sa tingin mo na ang mga katangiang nakalista ay dapat
kinokonsidera sa pagpili ng politikong kandidato.
CHARACTERS (KATANGIAN) Oo Hindi
Personal Identity (Personal na Pagkakakilanlan)
Place of Birth (Lugar ng kapanganakan)
Age (Edad)
Religion (Relihiyon)
Gender (Kasarian)
Educational Attainment (Lebel ng Pinag-aralan)
Social Identity (Panlipunang Pagkakakilanlan)
Has knowledge on the socio-political problems of the country
May kaalaman patungkol sa sosyo-politikal na problema ng bansa
Has a good reputation
May magandang reputasyon
Has the means or capability in helping other people
May kapasidad na tumulong sa kapwa
Has the passion in helping the poor and marginalized people of the
society
May kakayanang tumulong sa mga mahihirap at nasa laylayang estado
ng lipunan
Works with solidarity and unity in the community
May pagkakaisang pinapakita sa komunidad
Has been practicing the threefold mission of being prophetic, priestly
and kingly
Inuugali o isinasagawa ang threefold mission ng simbahan na pagiging
prophetic, priestly and kingly
A. Prophetic in Community
Denounces greed
Tinutuligsa ang pagiging sakim
Denounces indulgence
Tinutuligsa ang pagiging malabis
Denounces corruption
Tinutuligsa ang korapsyon
Denounces injustice
Tinutuligsa ang kawalan ng katarungan
Denounces oppression
Tinutuligsa ang paniniil o pangaapi
Denounces extrajudicial killings
Tinutuligsa ang extrajudicial killings
Involves in evangelization seminars
Lumalahok sa evangelization seminars

137
Involves in social awareness programs
Lumalahok sa programang kamalayan sa lipunan
Involves in education for justice
Lumalahok sa pagtuturo ng hustisya
B. Priestly in Community
Attends prayer and thanksgiving celebration
Madalas dumalo ng dasal at pasasalamat na pagdaraos
Regularly shares the teachings of the Church
Madalas nagbabahagi ng mga turo ng Simbahan
Active participates in charity works and events
Aktibong lumalahok sa mga pagkakawanggawa
Participates in liturgical-sacramental celebrations like Holy Mass, Palm
Sundays, Ash Wednesdays and etc.
Lumalahok sa mga pagdaraos ng sakramento at liturhiya tulad ng Banal
na Misa, Palm Sunday, Ash Wednesday, etc.
Participates in fiesta celebrations
Lumalahok sa mga pinagdaraos na fiesta
Participates in popular devotions (ex. novena, rosary, etc.)
Lumalahok sa mga nakagawiang debosyon (ex. novena, rosary, etc.)
C. Service in Community
Active in socio-economic projects such as livelihood projects,
cooperatives, communal farming, organic farming, community-based
health program, appropriate technology, etc.
Aktibo sa ekonomikong panlipunan proyekto tulad ng livelihood
projects, cooperatives, communal farming, organic farming,
community-based health program, appropriate technology, etc.
Active in ecology campaigns: anti-logging, anti-dam, anti-mining,
reforestation projects, etc.
Aktibo sa pangangampanya para sa ekolohiya tulad ng anti-logging,
anti-dam, anti-mining, reforestation projects, etc.
Active in promotion and defense of human rights
Aktibo sa pagsusulong at pagdedepensa ng karapatang pantao
Active in voter’s education and working for clean and honest election
Aktibo sa voter’s education at nagtataguyod ng malinis at tapat na
eleksyon
Active in peace-building, establishment of peace zones, Muslim-
Christian dialogue, etc.
Aktibo sa pagpapaunlad ng kalayaan, pagtatag ng peace zones, Muslim-
Christian dialogue, etc.
Active in protest action against objectionable government policies
(VFA, charter change, mining act, etc.)
Aktibo sa pagpoprotesta kontra sa hindi makatrungang polisiya ng
gobyerno (VFA, charter change, mining act, etc.)

138
 Active in the social transformation
Aktibo sa pagpapabago ng lipunan
Social Categorization (Panlipunang Kategorya)
Belongs to a certain political party
Kabilang sa isang partidong politikal
Belongs to a good party cadres with projects
Kabilang sa partidong may magandang kawani at proyekto
Belongs to a powerful political party
Kabilang sa isang makapangyarihang partidong politikal
Belongs to a rich family
Kabilang sa mayamang pamilya
Belongs to political dynasty
Kabilang sa pamilyang may politikal na dinastiya
Belongs to a religious organization
Kabilang sa isang relihiyosong organisasyon
Belongs to Christian Community
Kabilang sa Christian Community

BEHAVIOR / INAASAL
Base on your knowledge, put a check mark (/) on the box if the political candidate
is possessing the characteristics listed below. If you are not aware, leave it blank.
Base sa iyong kaalaman, lagyan ng tsek (/) ang kahon kung ang politikal na
kandidato ay tinataglay ang mga katangiang nakalista sa ibaba. Kung hindi
naman, hayaang blanko ang kahon.
Lito Lapid
Grace Poe

VillarCynthia

CayetanoPia

RosaBato Dela
AngaraSonny

PimentelKoko

EstradaJingoy
OsmeñaSerge

MarcosImee
RevillaBong
BinayNancy

Lagyan ng (/) kung

kilala mo ang
kandidatong
Social Identity (Panlipunang Pagkakakilanlan)
Has knowledge on
the socio-political
problems of the
country
May kaalaman
patungkol sa
sosyo-politikal na
problema ng
bansa

139
Has a good
reputation
May magandang
reputasyon
Has the means or
capability in
helping other
people
May kapasidad na
tumulong sa
kapwa
Has the passion in
helping the poor
and marginalized
people of the
society
May kakayanang
tumulong sa mga
mahihirap at nasa
laylayang estado
ng lipunan
Works with
solidarity and
unity in the
community
May pagkakaisang
pinapakita sa
komunidad
Has been
practicing the
threefold mission
of being prophetic,
priestly and kingly
Inuugali o
isinasagawa ang
threefold mission
ng simbahan na
pagiging
prophetic, priestly
and kingly
A. Prophetic in Community
Denounces greed
Tinutuligsa ang

140
pagiging sakim
Denounces
indulgence
Tinutuligsa ang
pagiging malabis
Denounces
corruption
Tinutuligsa ang
korapsyon
Denounces
injustice
Tinutuligsa ang
kawalan ng
katarungan
Denounces
oppression
Tinutuligsa ang
paniniil o pangaapi
Denounces
extrajudicial
killings
Tinutuligsa ang
Involves in
evangelization
seminars
Lumalahok sa
evangelization
seminars
Involves in social
awareness
programs
Lumalahok sa
programang
kamalayan sa
lipunan
Involves in
education for
justice
Lumalahok sa
pagtuturo ng
hustisya
B. Priestly in Community
Attends prayer

141
and thanksgiving
celebration
Madalas dumalo
ng dasal at
pasasalamat na
pagdaraos
Regularly shares
the teachings of
the Church
Madalas
nagbabahagi ng
mga turo ng
Simbahan
Active participates
in charity works
and events
Aktibong
lumalahok sa mga
pagkakawanggawa
Participates in
liturgical-
sacramental
celebrations like
Holy Mass, Palm
Sundays, Ash
Wednesdays and
etc.
Lumalahok sa mga
pagdaraos ng
sakramento at
liturhiya tulad ng
Banal na Misa,
Palm Sunday, Ash
Wednesday, etc.
Participates in
fiesta celebrations
Lumalahok sa mga
pinagdaraos na
fiesta
Participates in
popular devotions
(ex. novena,
rosary, etc.)

142
Lumalahok sa mga
nakagawiang
debosyon (ex.
novena, rosary,
etc.)
C. Service in Community
Active in socio-
economic projects
such as livelihood
projects,
cooperatives,
communal
farming, organic
farming,
community-based
health program,
appropriate
technology, etc.
Aktibo sa
ekonomikong
panlipunan
proyekto tulad ng
livelihood
projects,
cooperatives,
communal
farming, organic
farming,
community-based
health program,
appropriate
technology, etc.

143
Active in ecology
campaigns: anti-
logging, anti-dam,
anti-mining,
reforestation
projects, etc.
Aktibo sa
pangangampanya
para sa ekolohiya
tulad ng anti-
logging, anti-dam,
anti-mining,
reforestation
projects, etc.
Active in
promotion and
defense of human
rights
Aktibo sa
pagsusulong at
pagdedepensa ng
karapatang pantao
Active in voter’s
education and
working for clean
and honest
election
Aktibo sa voter’s
education at
nagtataguyod ng
malinis at tapat na
eleksyon
Active in peace-
building,
establishment of
peace zones,
Muslim-Christian
dialogue, etc.
Aktibo sa
pagpapaunlad ng
kalayaan, pagtatag
ng peace zones,
Muslim-Christian
dialogue, etc.

144
Active in protest
action against
objectionable
government
policies (VFA,
charter change,
mining act, etc.)
Aktibo sa
pagpoprotesta
kontra sa hindi
makatrungang
polisiya ng
gobyerno (VFA,
charter change,
mining act, etc.)
Active in the social
transformation
Aktibo sa
pagpapabago ng
Social Categorization (Panlipunang Kategorya)
Belongs to a
certain political
party
Kabilang sa isang
partidong politikal
Belongs to a good
party cadres with
projects
Kabilang sa
partidong may
magandang
kawani at
proyekto
Belongs to a
powerful political
party
Kabilang sa isang
makapangyarihang
partidong politikal
Belongs to a rich
family
Kabilang sa
mayamang
pamilya

145
Belongs to political
dynasty
Kabilang sa
pamilyang may
politikal na
dinastiya
Belongs to a
religious
organization
Kabilang sa isang
relihiyosong
organisasyon
Belongs to
Christian
Community
Kabilang sa
Christian
Community

VOTING PREFERENCE
Rank the candidates by 1-12 through checking (/) the numbers you want them to
be placed on.
Ihanay ang mga kandidato mula 1-12 sa pamamagitan ng paglalagay ng tsek (/)
sa numero kung saang ranggo nararapat.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1
2
Grace Poe
Cynthia Villar
Sonny Angara
Pia Cayetano
Lito Lapid
Nancy Binay
Koko Pimentel
Serge Osmeña
Bong Revilla
Imee Marcos
Jingoy Estrada
Bato Dela Rosa

146
Put a check mark ( / ) if you think that it is applicable to you
Lagyan ng tsek (/) kung ang mga sumusunod ay naangkop sa iyo.

Yes (Oo) Maybe No (Hindi)

(Siguro)
Do you think that by being a part of the Basic
Ecclesial Community, may have an influence
on your voting preference in the upcoming
elections?
Ang pagiging miyembro ba ng Basic Ecclesial
Community ay makaka-impluwensya sa iyong
voting preference sa nalalapit na eleksyon?
Do you consider the religious background of
the Senatorial candidate before choosing
him/her?
Kinokonsidera mo ba ang relihiyon ng
kandidato sa pagkasenador bago mo siya
piliin?
Do you consider your social and economic
status in choosing a political candidate?
Kinokonsidera mo ba ang panlipunan at pang-
ekonomikong estado sa pagpili ng kandidato?
Do you think that the Catholic teachings play a
significant role in choosing a Senatorial
candidate?
Sa iyong palagay ba ay malaki ang nai-aambag
ng turo ng Katoliko sa iyong voting
preference?
Do you think that the Catholic Church
influences your voting preference in choosing
a candidate?
Ang Katolikong Simbahan ba ay nakaka-
impluwensya sa iyong voting preference?
Do you consider your co-members’ voting
preference in the BEC in choosing your
preferred Senatorial candidate?
Kinokonsidera mo ba ang voting preference
ng iyong kapwa miyembro sa BEC sa pagpili ng
kandidato sa pagkasenador?

147
Do you consider your family’s voting
preference in choosing a political candidate?
Kinokonsidera mo ba ang voting preference
ng iyong pamilya sa pagpili ng kandidato sa
pagkasenador?
Do you consider your neighbors’ voting
preference in choosing a political candidate?
Kinokonsidera mo ba ang voting preference
ng iyong kapitbahay sa pagpili ng kandidato sa
pagkasenador?
Does political promotions (e.g.
advertisements, poster, etc.) affect your
voting preference?
Ang mga promosyong pampolitikal (hal.
advertisements, poster, etc.) ba ay
nakakaapekto sa iyong voting preference?
Do you match your existing values (e.g.
makatao, maka-Diyos, etc.) in the values that
the political candidate possesses?
Kinokonsidera mo ba ang pagtutugma ng
katangian meron ka (hal. Maka-tao, maka-
Diyos, etc.) sa mga katangiang tinataglay ng
mga kandidato sa pagkasenador?

Thank you so much!

Maraming Salamat po!

148
EXAMPLE QUESTIONNAIRE FOR FINAL SURVEY:
Good Day!
We, Karen Daryl L. Brito and Ralph Gabriel D. Buella, are fourth year students of
University of Santo Tomas taking up Bachelor of Arts in Political Science. We are
currently conducting a study on the Voting Preference of the members of the
Basic Ecclesial Community of the Santisimo Rosario Parish on the upcoming
2019 Senatorial Election in partial fulfillment of our course, Thesis II. In light with
this, we humbly ask your knowledge and opinion by filling out accurately as
possible this questionnaire which will greatly contribute our study.
Thank you!

Magandang Araw!
Kami ay sina Karen Daryl L. Brito at Ralph Gabriel D. Buella, na nasa ikaapat na
taon bilang mag-aaral ng Universidad ng Santo Tomas na kumukuha ng
Bachelor of Arts in Political Science. Kami po ay kasalukuyang nagsasagawa ng
pag-aaral patungkol sa voting preference ng mga miyembro ng Basic Ecclesial
Community ng Santisimo Rosario Parish para sa nalalapit na 2019 Senatorial
Election sa bahagyang katuparan sa aming kursong Thesis II. Alinsunod dito,
kami po ay humihingi ng inyong kaalaman at opinion sa Panamanian ng
pagsagot sa mga katanungan na makakatulong na mas mapalalim ang aming
pag-aaral.
Maraming Salamat po!

Pangalan (Opsyonal):_____________________
Edad (Age): ________________________
Kasarian (Gender): ⃝ Lalake ⃝ Babae
Sibil na Estado (Civi; Status): ⃝ Walang Asawa ⃝ Kasal ⃝ Biyuda/Ligal na
hiwalay
Miyembro ng BEC (Membership in BEC): ⃝ Oo ⃝Hindi
(Bilang ng taon ng pagsisilbi: ____, Posisyon: __________)
Nasasakupang Barangay (Barangay Area): ⃝465 ⃝466 ⃝467

KNOWLEDGE / KAALAMAN NG KALAHOK

Encircle your answer on the following questions:

149
Bilugan and iyong sagot sa mga sumusunod na katanungan:
1. Are you a registered voter?
Ikaw ba ay rehistradong botante?
a. Yes (Oo)
b. No (Hindi)
2. Are you aware of the upcoming 2019 Senatorial Election?
Ikaw ba ay may kaalaman sa nalalapit na 2019 Senatorial Elections?
a. I am aware (Alam ko)
b. Slightly aware (May kaunting alam)
c. I am not aware (Hindi ko alam)
3. Are you aware of the top 12 Senatorial Candidates leading in the Pulse
Asia?
Ikaw ba ay may kaalaman sa 12 na nagungunang kandidato na tumatakbo sa
pagka-senador?
a. I am aware (Alam ko)
b. I am not aware (Hindi ko alam)
4. Are you aware of the Basic Ecclessial Community of Santisimo Rosario
Parish?
Alam mo ba ang Basic Ecclesial Community ng Santisimo Rosario Parish?
a. I am aware (Alam ko)
b. I am not aware (Hindi ko alam)
5. Are you aware of the projects and programs of the BEC of Santisimo
Rosario Parish, such as the Kalyeserye, Feeding Program, Scholarship
Program, and Medical Services? (If you are not aware, please proceed to
number 8)
Alam mo ba ang mga proyekto at programa ng BEC ng Santitismo Rosario
Parish tulad ng Kalyeserye, Feeding Program, Scholarship Program at
Serbisyong Medikal? (Kung hindi mo ito alam, sagutan ang nasa ika-walo na
numero)
a. I am aware (Alam ko)
b. I am not aware (Hindi ko alam)

150
 6. If yes, what are the programs of the BEC of Santismo Rosario Parish have
you participated into?
Kung ikaw ay may kaalaman, ano sa mga programa ng BEC ng Santisimo
Rosario Parish ang iyong nadaluhan?
a. Feeding Program
b. Scholarship Program
c. Medical Services
d. Kalyeserye
7. Are you aware of the practices being conducted in Kalyeserye?
Alam mo ba ang mga kagawiang ginagawa sa Kalyeserye?
a. I am aware (Alam ko)
b. I am not aware (Hindi ko alam)
8. Have you ever participated in the street masses of the BEC of Santisimo
Rosario?
Naranasan mo na bang makilahok sa mga misang isinagawa ng BEC ng
Santisimo Rosario Parish sa kalsada
a. Oo
b. Hindi pa
9. How did you learn about the projects and programs of the Santisimo
Rosario Parish?
Paano mo nalaman ang mga proyekto at programa ng BEC ng Santisimo
Rosario Parish?
a. Mass announcement (Anunsyo sa Misa)
b. Family (Pamilya)
c. Neighbor (Kapitbahay)
d. Organization (Organisasyon)
e. Others, please specify (Sa iba pa, tukuying ito) _____________
10. Do you have any knowledge about the social teachings of the BEC of
Santisimo Rosario Parish that can affect the voting preference of the
member?

151
Mayroon ka bang kaalaman patungkol sa mga panlipunang doktrina o social
teachings ng BEC ng Santisimo Rosario Parish na makakaapekto sa isang
voting preference ng miyembro?
a. Yes (Meron)
b. None (Wala)

ATTITUDE / SALOOBIN:
Put a check mark ( / ) if you think that the characteristics below must be
considered in order to choose a political candidate.
Lagyan ng tsek (/) kung sa tingin mo na ang mga katangiang nakalista ay dapat
kinokonsidera sa pagpili ng politikong kandidato.
CHARACTERS (KATANGIAN) Oo Hindi
Personal Identity (Personal na Pagkakakilanlan)
Place of Birth (Lugar ng kapanganakan)
Age (Edad)
Religion (Relihiyon)
Gender (Kasarian)
Educational Attainment (Lebel ng Pinag-aralan)
Social Identity (Panlipunang Pagkakakilanlan)
Has knowledge on the socio-political problems of the country
May kaalaman patungkol sa sosyo-politikal na problema ng bansa
Has a good reputation
May magandang reputasyon
Has the means or capability in helping other people
May kapasidad na tumulong sa kapwa
Has the passion in helping the poor and marginalized people of the
society
May kakayanang tumulong sa mga mahihirap at nasa laylayang estado
ng lipunan
Works with solidarity and unity in the community
May pagkakaisang pinapakita sa komunidad
Has been practicing the threefold mission of being prophetic, priestly
and kingly
Inuugali o isinasagawa ang threefold mission ng simbahan na pagiging
prophetic, priestly and kingly
A. Prophetic in Community
Denounces greed
Tinutuligsa ang pagiging sakim
Denounces indulgence

152
Tinutuligsa ang pagiging malabis
Denounces corruption
Tinutuligsa ang korapsyon
Denounces injustice
Tinutuligsa ang kawalan ng katarungan
Denounces oppression
Tinutuligsa ang paniniil o pangaapi
Denounces extrajudicial killings
Tinutuligsa ang extrajudicial killings
Involves in evangelization seminars
Lumalahok sa evangelization seminars
Involves in social awareness programs
Lumalahok sa programang kamalayan sa lipunan
Involves in education for justice
Lumalahok sa pagtuturo ng hustisya
B. Priestly in Community
Attends prayer and thanksgiving celebration
Madalas dumalo ng dasal at pasasalamat na pagdaraos
Regularly shares the teachings of the Church
Madalas nagbabahagi ng mga turo ng Simbahan
Active participates in charity works and events
Aktibong lumalahok sa mga pagkakawanggawa
Participates in liturgical-sacramental celebrations like Holy Mass, Palm
Sundays, Ash Wednesdays and etc.
Lumalahok sa mga pagdaraos ng sakramento at liturhiya tulad ng Banal
na Misa, Palm Sunday, Ash Wednesday, etc.
Participates in fiesta celebrations
Lumalahok sa mga pinagdaraos na fiesta
Participates in popular devotions (ex. novena, rosary, etc.)
Lumalahok sa mga nakagawiang debosyon (ex. novena, rosary, etc.)
C. Service in Community
Active in socio-economic projects such as livelihood projects,
cooperatives, communal farming, organic farming, community-based
health program, appropriate technology, etc.
Aktibo sa ekonomikong panlipunan proyekto tulad ng livelihood
projects, cooperatives, communal farming, organic farming,
community-based health program, appropriate technology, etc.
Active in ecology campaigns: anti-logging, anti-dam, anti-mining,
reforestation projects, etc.
Aktibo sa pangangampanya para sa ekolohiya tulad ng anti-logging,
anti-dam, anti-mining, reforestation projects, etc.
Active in promotion and defense of human rights
Aktibo sa pagsusulong at pagdedepensa ng karapatang pantao

153
 Active in voter’s education and working for clean and honest election
Aktibo sa voter’s education at nagtataguyod ng malinis at tapat na
eleksyon
Active in peace-building, establishment of peace zones, Muslim-
Christian dialogue, etc.
Aktibo sa pagpapaunlad ng kalayaan, pagtatag ng peace zones, Muslim-
Christian dialogue, etc.
Active in protest action against objectionable government policies
(VFA, charter change, mining act, etc.)
Aktibo sa pagpoprotesta kontra sa hindi makatrungang polisiya ng
gobyerno (VFA, charter change, mining act, etc.)
Active in the social transformation
Aktibo sa pagpapabago ng lipunan
Social Categorization (Panlipunang Kategorya)
Belongs to a certain political party
Kabilang sa isang partidong politikal
Belongs to a good party cadres with projects
Kabilang sa partidong may magandang kawani at proyekto
Belongs to a powerful political party
Kabilang sa isang makapangyarihang partidong politikal
Belongs to a rich family
Kabilang sa mayamang pamilya
Belongs to political dynasty
Kabilang sa pamilyang may politikal na dinastiya
Belongs to a religious organization
Kabilang sa isang relihiyosong organisasyon
Belongs to Christian Community
Kabilang sa Christian Community

INAASAL
Base on your knowledge, put a check mark (/) on the box if the political candidate
is possessing the characteristics listed below. If you are not aware, leave it blank.
Base sa iyong kaalaman, lagyan ng tsek (/) ang kahon kung ang politikal na
kandidato ay tinataglay ang mga katangiang nakalista sa ibaba. Kung hindi
naman, hayaang blanko ang kahon.
Lito Lapid
Grace Poe

PimentelKoko

MarcosImee
VillarCynthia

CayetanoPia

RevillaBong

RosaBato Dela
AngaraSonny

BinayNancy

EstradaJingoy
OsmeñaSerge

154
Lagyan ng (/) kung
kilala mo ang
kandidatong
Social Identity (Panlipunang Pagkakakilanlan)
Has knowledge on
the socio-political
problems of the
country
May kaalaman
patungkol sa
sosyo-politikal na
problema ng
bansa
Has a good
reputation
May magandang
reputasyon
Has the means or
capability in
helping other
people
May kapasidad na
tumulong sa
kapwa
Has the passion in
helping the poor
and marginalized
people of the
society
May kakayanang
tumulong sa mga
mahihirap at nasa
laylayang estado
ng lipunan
Works with
solidarity and
unity in the
community
May pagkakaisang
pinapakita sa
komunidad
Has been
practicing the
threefold mission

155
of being prophetic,
priestly and kingly
Inuugali o
isinasagawa ang
threefold mission
ng simbahan na
pagiging
prophetic, priestly
and kingly
A. Prophetic in Community
Denounces greed
Tinutuligsa ang
pagiging sakim
Denounces
indulgence
Tinutuligsa ang
pagiging malabis
Denounces
corruption
Tinutuligsa ang
korapsyon
Denounces
injustice
Tinutuligsa ang
kawalan ng
katarungan
Denounces
oppression
Tinutuligsa ang
paniniil o pangaapi
Denounces
extrajudicial
killings
Tinutuligsa ang
Involves in
evangelization
seminars
Lumalahok sa
evangelization
seminars

156
Involves in social
awareness
programs
Lumalahok sa
programang
kamalayan sa
lipunan
Involves in
education for
justice
Lumalahok sa
pagtuturo ng
hustisya
B. Priestly in Community
Attends prayer
and thanksgiving
celebration
Madalas dumalo
ng dasal at
pasasalamat na
pagdaraos
Regularly shares
the teachings of
the Church
Madalas
nagbabahagi ng
mga turo ng
Simbahan
Active participates
in charity works
and events
Aktibong
lumalahok sa mga
pagkakawanggawa

157
Participates in
liturgical-
sacramental
celebrations like
Holy Mass, Palm
Sundays, Ash
Wednesdays and
etc.
Lumalahok sa mga
pagdaraos ng
sakramento at
liturhiya tulad ng
Banal na Misa,
Palm Sunday, Ash
Wednesday, etc.
Participates in
fiesta celebrations
Lumalahok sa mga
pinagdaraos na
fiesta
Participates in
popular devotions
(ex. novena,
rosary, etc.)
Lumalahok sa mga
nakagawiang
debosyon (ex.
novena, rosary,
etc.)
C. Service in Community
Active in socio-
economic projects
such as livelihood
projects,
cooperatives,
communal
farming, organic
farming,
community-based
health program,
appropriate
technology, etc.
Aktibo sa
ekonomikong

158
panlipunan
proyekto tulad ng
livelihood
projects,
cooperatives,
communal
farming, organic
farming,
community-based
health program,
appropriate
technology, etc.
Active in ecology
campaigns: anti-
logging, anti-dam,
anti-mining,
reforestation
projects, etc.
Aktibo sa
pangangampanya
para sa ekolohiya
tulad ng anti-
logging, anti-dam,
anti-mining,
reforestation
projects, etc.
Active in
promotion and
defense of human
rights
Aktibo sa
pagsusulong at
pagdedepensa ng
karapatang pantao
Active in voter’s
education and
working for clean
and honest
election
Aktibo sa voter’s
education at
nagtataguyod ng
malinis at tapat na
eleksyon

159
Active in peace-
building,
establishment of
peace zones,
Muslim-Christian
dialogue, etc.
Aktibo sa
pagpapaunlad ng
kalayaan, pagtatag
ng peace zones,
Muslim-Christian
dialogue, etc.
Active in protest
action against
objectionable
government
policies (VFA,
charter change,
mining act, etc.)
Aktibo sa
pagpoprotesta
kontra sa hindi
makatrungang
polisiya ng
gobyerno (VFA,
charter change,
mining act, etc.)
Active in the social
transformation
Aktibo sa
pagpapabago ng
Social Categorization (Panlipunang Kategorya)
Belongs to a
certain political
party
Kabilang sa isang
partidong politikal

160
Belongs to a good
party cadres with
projects
Kabilang sa
partidong may
magandang
kawani at
proyekto
Belongs to a
powerful political
party
Kabilang sa isang
makapangyarihang
partidong politikal
Belongs to a rich
family
Kabilang sa
mayamang
pamilya
Belongs to political
dynasty
Kabilang sa
pamilyang may
politikal na
dinastiya
Belongs to a
religious
organization
Kabilang sa isang
relihiyosong
organisasyon
Belongs to
Christian
Community
Kabilang sa
Christian
Community

VOTING PREFERENCE
Rank the candidates by 1-12 by checking the blank before the candidate’s name

161
Ihanay ang mga kandidato mula 1-12 sa pamamagitan ng paglalagay ng tsek (/)
sa linya bago ang pangalan ng kandidato.
____ Grace Poe
____ Cynthia Villar
____ Sonny Angara
____ Pia Cayetano
____ Lito Lapid
____ Nancy Binay
____ Koko Pimentel
____ Serge Osmeña
____ Bong Revilla
____ Imee Marcos
____ Jingoy Estrada
____ Bato Dela Rosa

Put a check mark ( / ) if you think that it is applicable to you

Lagyan ng tsek (/) kung ang mga sumusunod ay naangkop sa iyo.

Yes (Oo) Maybe No (Hindi)

(Siguro)
Do you think that by being a part of the Basic
Ecclesial Community, may have an influence
on your voting preference in the upcoming
elections?
Ang pagiging miyembro ba ng Basic Ecclesial
Community ay makaka-impluwensya sa iyong
voting preference sa nalalapit na eleksyon?
Do you consider the religious background of
the Senatorial candidate before choosing
him/her?
Kinokonsidera mo ba ang relihiyon ng
kandidato sa pagkasenador bago mo siya
piliin?
Do you consider your social and economic
status in choosing a political candidate?
Kinokonsidera mo ba ang panlipunan at pang-

162
ekonomikong estado sa pagpili ng kandidato?
Do you think that the Catholic teachings play a
significant role in choosing a Senatorial
candidate?
Sa iyong palagay ba ay malaki ang nai-aambag
ng turo ng Katoliko sa iyong voting
preference?
Do you think that the Catholic Church
influences your voting preference in choosing
a candidate?
Ang Katolikong Simbahan ba ay nakaka-
impluwensya sa iyong voting preference?
Do you consider your co-members’ voting
preference in the BEC in choosing your
preferred Senatorial candidate?
Kinokonsidera mo ba ang voting preference ng
iyong kapwa miyembro sa BEC sa pagpili ng
kandidato sa pagkasenador?
Do you consider your family’s voting
preference in choosing a political candidate?
Kinokonsidera mo ba ang voting preference ng
iyong pamilya sa pagpili ng kandidato sa
pagkasenador?
Do you consider your neighbors’ voting
preference in choosing a political candidate?
Kinokonsidera mo ba ang voting preference ng
iyong kapitbahay sa pagpili ng kandidato sa
pagkasenador?
Does political promotions (e.g.
advertisements, poster, etc.) affect your
voting preference?
Ang mga promosyong pampolitikal (hal.
advertisements, poster, etc.) ba ay
nakakaapekto sa iyong voting preference?
Do you match your existing values (e.g.
makatao, maka-Diyos, etc.) in the values that
the political candidate possesses?
Kinokonsidera mo ba ang pagtutugma ng
katangian meron ka (hal. Maka-tao, maka-
Diyos, etc.) sa mga katangiang tinataglay ng
mga kandidato sa pagkasenador?

Thank you so much!

163
 Maraming Salamat po!

APPENDIX B:
DATA SET FROM
QUESTONNAIRE

164
KNOWLEDGE
1.       Are you a registered voter?  
Ikaw ba ay rehistradong botante?  
a.       Yes (Oo) 100
b.       No (Hindi) 0
   
2.       Are you aware of the upcoming 2019 Senatorial Election?  
Ikaw ba ay may kaalaman sa nalalapit na 2019 Senatorial Elections?  
a.       I am aware (Alam ko) 68
b.       Slightly aware (May kaunting alam) 31
c.        I am not aware (Hindi ko alam)  
   
3.       Are you aware of the top 12 Senatorial Candidates leading in the Pulse  
Asia?
Ikaw ba ay may kaalaman sa 12 na nagungunang kandidato na tumatakbo  
sa pagka-senador?
a.       I am aware (Alam ko) 84
b.       I am not aware (Hindi ko alam) 16
   
4.       Are you aware of the Basic Ecclessial Community of Santisimo Rosario  
Parish?
Alam mo ba ang Basic Ecclesial Community ng Santisimo Rosario Parish?  
a.       I am aware (Alam ko) 100
b.       I am not aware (Hindi ko alam) 0

165
   
5.       Are you aware of the projects and programs of the BEC of Santisimo  
Rosario Parish, such as the Kalyeserye, Feeding Program, Scholarship
Program, and Medical Services? (If you are not aware, please proceed to
number 8)
Alam mo ba ang mga proyekto at programa ng BEC ng Santitismo Rosario  
Parish tulad ng Kalyeserye, Feeding Program, Scholarship Program at
Serbisyong Medikal? (Kung hindi mo ito alam, sagutan ang nasa ika-walo na
numero)
a.       I am aware (Alam ko) 100
b.       I am not aware (Hindi ko alam) 0
   
6.       If yes, what are the programs of the BEC of Santismo Rosario Parish  
have you participated into?
Kung ikaw ay may kaalaman, ano sa mga programa ng BEC ng Santisimo  
Rosario Parish ang iyong nadaluhan?
a.       Feeding Program 88
b.       Scholarship Program 72
c.        Medical Services 41
d.       Kalyeserye 100
   
7.       Are you aware of the practices being conducted in Kalyeserye?  
Alam mo ba ang mga kagawiang ginagawa sa Kalyeserye?  
a.       I am aware (Alam ko) 100
b.       I am not aware (Hindi ko alam) 0
   
8.       Have you ever participated in the street masses of the BEC of Santisimo  
Rosario?
Naranasan mo na bang makilahok sa mga misang isinagawa ng BEC ng  
Santisimo Rosario Parish sa kalsada
a.       Oo 100
b.       Hindi pa 0
   
9.       How did you learn about the projects and programs of the Santisimo  
Rosario Parish?
Paano mo nalaman ang mga proyekto at programa ng BEC ng Santisimo  
Rosario Parish?
a.       Mass announcement (Anunsyo sa Misa) 36
b.       Family (Pamilya) 6
c.        Neighbor (Kapitbahay) 14
d.       Organization (Organisasyon) 38
e.       Others, please specify (Sa iba pa, tukuying ito) _____________ 6
   

166
10.    Do you have any knowledge about the social teachings of the BEC of  
Santisimo Rosario Parish that can affect the voting preference of the
member?
Mayroon ka bang kaalaman patungkol sa mga panlipunang doktrina o social  
teachings ng BEC ng Santisimo Rosario Parish na makakaapekto sa isang
voting preference ng miyembro?
a.       Yes (Meron) 88
b.       None (Wala) 12

BEHAVIOR
  Yes No
CHARACTERS    
Personal Identity (Personal na Pagkakakilanlan)

Place of Birth (Lugar ng kapanganakan) 18 82

Age (Edad) 72 28
Religion (Relihiyon) 89 11
Gender (Kasarian) 65 35
Educational Attainment (Lebel ng Pinag-aralan) 93 7
Social Identity (Panlipunang Pagkakakilanlan)

Has knowledge on the socio-political problems of the 100 0

country
May kaalaman patungkol sa sosyo-politikal na problema
ng bansa
Has a good reputation 100 0
May magandang reputasyon
Has the means or capability in helping other people 99 0

May kapasidad na tumulong sa kapwa

Has the passion in helping the poor and marginalized 100 0
people of the society
May kakayanang tumulong sa mga mahihirap at nasa
laylayang estado ng lipunan
Works with solidarity and unity in the community 100 0
May pagkakaisang pinapakita sa komunidad
Has been practicing the threefold mission of being 78 22
prophetic, priestly and kingly
Inuugali o isinasagawa ang threefold mission ng
simbahan na pagiging prophetic, priestly and kingly

167
A. Prophetic in Community

Denounces greed 100 0

Tinutuligsa ang pagiging sakim
Denounces indulgence 100 0
Tinutuligsa ang pagiging malabis
Denounces corruption 100 0
Tinutuligsa ang korapsyon 100 0
Denounces injustice 100 0
Tinutuligsa ang kawalan ng katarungan
Denounces oppression 100 0
Tinutuligsa ang paniniil o pangaapi
Denounces extrajudicial killings 100 0
Tinutuligsa ang extrajudicial killings
Involves in evangelization seminars 100 0
Lumalahok sa evangelization seminars
Involves in social awareness programs 100 0
Lumalahok sa programang kamalayan sa lipunan
Involves in education for justice 100 0
Lumalahok sa pagtuturo ng hustisya
B. Priestly in Community

Attends prayer and thanksgiving celebration 77 23

Madalas dumalo ng dasal at pasasalamat na pagdaraos
Regularly shares the teachings of the Church 72 28
Madalas nagbabahagi ng mga turo ng Simbahan
Active participates in charity works and events 84 16
Aktibong lumalahok sa mga pagkakawanggawa
Participates in liturgical-sacramental celebrations like 63 37
Holy Mass, Palm Sundays, Ash Wednesdays and etc.

Lumalahok sa mga pagdaraos ng sakramento at liturhiya

tulad ng Banal na Misa, Palm Sunday, Ash Wednesday,
etc.
Participates in fiesta celebrations 73 27
Lumalahok sa mga pinagdaraos na fiesta
Participates in popular devotions (ex. novena, rosary, 68 32
etc.)
Lumalahok sa mga nakagawiang debosyon (ex. novena,
rosary, etc.)

168
C. Service in Community

Active in socio-economic projects such as livelihood 91 9

projects, cooperatives, communal farming, organic
farming, community-based health program, appropriate
technology, etc.
Aktibo sa ekonomikong panlipunan proyekto tulad ng
livelihood projects, cooperatives, communal farming,
organic farming, community-based health program,
appropriate technology, etc.
Active in ecology campaigns: anti-logging, anti-dam, 100 0
anti-mining, reforestation projects, etc.
Aktibo sa pangangampanya para sa ekolohiya tulad ng
anti-logging, anti-dam, anti-mining, reforestation
projects, etc.
Active in promotion and defense of human rights 100 0
Aktibo sa pagsusulong at pagdedepensa ng karapatang
pantao
Active in voter’s education and working for clean and 100 0
honest election
Aktibo sa voter’s education at nagtataguyod ng malinis
at tapat na eleksyon
Active in peace-building, establishment of peace zones, 83 17
Muslim-Christian dialogue, etc.
Aktibo sa pagpapaunlad ng kalayaan, pagtatag ng peace
zones, Muslim-Christian dialogue, etc.
Active in protest action against objectionable 92 8
government policies (VFA, charter change, mining act,
etc.)
Aktibo sa pagpoprotesta kontra sa hindi makatrungang
polisiya ng gobyerno (VFA, charter change, mining act,
etc.)
Active in the social transformation 99 1
Aktibo sa pagpapabago ng lipunan
Social Categorization (Panlipunang Kategorya)

Belongs to a certain political party 88 12

Kabilang sa isang partidong politikal
Belongs to a good party cadres with projects 72 28
Kabilang sa partidong may magandang kawani at
proyekto

169
 Belongs to a powerful political party 65 35
Kabilang sa isang makapangyarihang partidong politikal

Belongs to a rich family 92 2

Kabilang sa mayamang pamilya
Belongs to political dynasty 66 34
Kabilang sa pamilyang may politikal na dinastiya
Belongs to a religious organization 69 31
Kabilang sa isang relihiyosong organisasyon
Belongs to Christian Community 78 22
Kabilang sa Christian Community

ATTITUDE OF THE RESPONDENTS

  Gr Cy So Pia Na Lit Ko Ser Bo Im Jin Bat
ac nt nn Ca nc o ko ge ng ee go o
e hia y yet y La Pi Os Re Ma y Del
Po Vill An an Bin pid me me vill rco Est a
e ar gar o ay nt ña a s rad Ro
a el a sa
  89 88 70 73 79 70 84 68 69 65 77 64
Has knowledge on 87 82 61 65 67 58 81 46 64 71 71 53
the socio-political
problems of the
country
 
Has a good 81 82 52 58 52 18 78 43 35 55 55 61
reputation
 

Has the means or 88 65 52 56 53 18 71 44 36 49 49 38

capability in helping
other people
 
Has the passion in 81 67 31 68 59 21 54 48 39 45 45 32
helping the poor
and marginalized
people of the
society
 

170
Works with 85 78 45 59 67 45 53 36 40 26 26 22
solidarity and unity
in the community
 
Has been practicing 72 35 31 51 60 31 44 47 18 22 22 21
the threefold
mission of being
prophetic, priestly
and kingly
 
  Gr Cy So Pia Na Lit Ko Ser Bo Im Jin Bat
ac nt nn Ca nc o ko ge ng ee go o
e hia y yet y La Pi Os Re Ma y Del
Po Vill An an Bin pid me me vill rco Est a
e ar gar o ay nt ña a s rad Ro
a el a sa
Attitude of the 83 71 49 61 62 37 66 47 43 48 49 42
Participants
towards the Social
Identity of a
Political Candidates
Rank 1 2 6 5 4 11 3 8 9 7 6 10
                         
  Gr Cy So Pia Na Lit Ko Ser Bo Im Jin Bat
ac nt nn Ca nc o ko ge ng ee go o
e hia y yet y La Pi Os Re Ma y Del
Po Vill An an Bin pid me me vill rco Est a
e ar gar o ay nt ña a s rad Ro
a el a sa
Denounces greed 79 73 32 55 61 59 45 37 18 16 23 18
 
Denounces 72 52 26 58 68 31 43 43 17 12 25 18
indulgence
 
Denounces 66 51 22 31 48 35 32 32 19 13 16 16
corruption
 
Denounces injustice 77 56 61 65 50 15 36 36 21 15 16 17
 
Denounces 66 56 41 28 25 37 31 16 15 21 27 18
oppression
 

171
Denounces 79 55 46 36 46 38 26 31 21 18 21 13
extrajudicial killings
 
Involves in 55 21 24 31 28 14 23 33 16 13 41 26
evangelization
seminars
 
Involves in social 78 31 31 25 22 31 38 41 42 36 38 18
awareness
programs
 
Involves in 81 65 33 51 56 58 41 45 31 21 45 20
education for
justice
 
  Gr Cy So Pia Na Lit Ko Ser Bo Im Jin Bat
ac nt nn Ca nc o ko ge ng ee go o
e hia y yet y La Pi Os Re Ma y Del
Po Vill An an Bin pid me me vill rco Est a
e ar gar o ay nt ña a s rad Ro
a el a sa
Attitude of the 73 51 35 42 45 35 35 35 22 18 28 18
Participants
towards the
Prophetic Values of
a Political
Candidates
Rank                        
                         
  Gr Cy So Pia Na Lit Ko Ser Bo Im Jin Bat
ac nt nn Ca nc o ko ge ng ee go o
e hia y yet y La Pi Os Re Ma y Del
Po Vill An an Bin pid me me vill rco Est a
e ar gar o ay nt ña a s rad Ro
a el a sa
Attends prayer and 35 29 18 31 21 21 19 19 21 21 29 17
thanksgiving
celebration
 
Regularly shares 38 27 18 30 18 21 21 18 20 12 18 19
the teachings of the
Church
 

172
Active participates 36 30 17 29 17 28 35 21 21 25 28 31
in charity works
and events
 
Participates in 34 31 16 28 17 15 19 18 18 16 14 10
liturgical-
sacramental
celebrations like
Holy Mass, Palm
Sundays, Ash
Wednesdays and
etc.
 
Participates in 34 39 34 32 26 19 34 26 31 22 31 17
fiesta celebrations
 
Participates in 38 58 31 28 19 21 18 15 17 12 18 13
popular devotions
(ex. novena, rosary,
etc.)
 
  Gr Cy So Pia Na Lit Ko Ser Bo Im Jin Bat
ac nt nn Ca nc o ko ge ng ee go o
e hia y yet y La Pi Os Re Ma y Del
Po Vill An an Bin pid me me vill rco Est a
e ar gar o ay nt ña a s rad Ro
a el a sa
Attitude of the 36 36 22 30 20 21 24 20 21 18 23 18
Participants
towards the Priestly
Values of a Political
Candidates
Rank                        
                         
  Gr Cy So Pia Na Lit Ko Ser Bo Im Jin Bat
ac nt nn Ca nc o ko ge ng ee go o
e hia y yet y La Pi Os Re Ma y Del
Po Vill An an Bin pid me me vill rco Est a
e ar gar o ay nt ña a s rad Ro
a el a sa

173
Active in socio- 78 82 68 61 21 41 32 48 18 18 19 21
economic projects
such as livelihood
projects,
cooperatives,
communal farming,
organic farming,
community-based
health program,
appropriate
technology, etc.
 
Active in ecology 79 52 70 65 31 32 38 24 23 21 31 21
campaigns: anti-
logging, anti-dam,
anti-mining,
reforestation
projects, etc.
 
Active in promotion 81 61 65 53 25 31 31 34 27 18 19 18
and defense of
human rights
 
Active in voter’s 83 82 54 61 68 69 51 41 28 21 26 25
education and
working for clean
and honest election
 
Active in peace- 81 71 45 41 58 51 41 37 31 25 21 13
building,
establishment of
peace zones,
Muslim-Christian
dialogue, etc.
 
Active in protest 51 61 46 41 31 51 67 48 47 58 57 61
action against
objectionable
government
policies (VFA,
charter change,
mining act, etc.)
 

174
Active in the social 81 78 66 68 67 56 65 65 61 57 59 41
transformation
 
  Gr Cy So Pia Na Lit Ko Ser Bo Im Jin Bat
ac nt nn Ca nc o ko ge ng ee go o
e hia y yet y La Pi Os Re Ma y Del
Po Vill An an Bin pid me me vill rco Est a
e ar gar o ay nt ña a s rad Ro
a el a sa
Total of Service in 76 70 59 56 43 47 46 42 34 31 33 29
Value
Rank                        
                         
  Gr Cy So Pia Na Lit Ko Ser Bo Im Jin Bat
ac nt nn Ca nc o ko ge ng ee go o
e hia y yet y La Pi Os Re Ma y Del
Po Vill An an Bin pid me me vill rco Est a
e ar gar o ay nt ña a s rad Ro
a el a sa
Belongs to a certain 41 61 55 48 49 48 61 55 53 59 41 58
political party
 
Belongs to a good 35 66 41 45 31 37 48 28 27 16 36 25
party cadres with
projects
 
Belongs to a 25 71 49 39 33 31 49 33 36 48 45 49
powerful political
party
 
Belongs to a rich 59 79 51 58 59 38 59 51 59 65 76 51
family
 
Belongs to political 51 41 53 41 67 54 68 58 31 67 66 30
dynasty
 
Belongs to a 78 35 41 31 25 28 29 26 21 22 23 28
religious
organization
 
Belongs to Christian 75 32 44 33 18 19 21 21 13 17 19 23
Community
 

175
  Gr Cy So Pia Na Lit Ko Ser Bo Im Jin Bat
ac nt nn Ca nc o ko ge ng ee go o
e hia y yet y La Pi Os Re Ma y Del
Po Vill An an Bin pid me me vill rco Est a
e ar gar o ay nt ña a s rad Ro
a el a sa
Total of Social 52 55 48 42 40 36 48 39 34 42 44 38
Categorization in
Value
                         
                         
25 21 16 17 16 13 16 14 11 11 13 10
28 84. 41. 94. 36. 71. 77. 16. 64. 75. 35. 78.
.9 34 44 03 98 73 19 24 12 04 42 19
6 9 4 2 4 8 6 7 8 9 8
Rank 1 2 5 3 6 8 4 7 11 10 9 12

VOTING PREFERENCES
  Yes Maybe No
(Oo) (Siguro (Hindi)
)
Do you think that by being a part of the Basic Ecclesial 83 5 12
Community, may have an influence on your voting
preference in the upcoming elections?
Do you consider the religious background of the 81 7 12
Senatorial candidate before choosing him/her?
Do you consider your social and economic status in 89 6 2
choosing a political candidate?
Do you think that the Catholic teachings play a 84 9 7
significant role in choosing a Senatorial candidate?
Do you think that the Catholic Church influences your 79 12 8
voting preference in choosing a candidate?
Do you consider your co-members’ voting preference in 67 23 10
the BEC in choosing your preferred Senatorial
candidate?
Do you consider your family’s voting preference in 69 18 13
choosing a political candidate?
Do you consider your neighbors’ voting preference in 58 13 29
choosing a political candidate?
Does political promotions (e.g. advertisements, poster, 65 16 19
etc.) affect your voting preference?
Do you match your existing values (e.g. makatao, maka- 78 7 15

176
Diyos, etc.) in the values that the political candidate
possesses?

CROSS TABULATION OF PERSONAL INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDE OF

THE RESPONDENTS

Frequen
cies

Notes

Statistics
    Age Reco Civil YRse Reco
ded Stat rv ded
Age Year
s of
servi
ce
N Valid 100 100 100 97 97
Missing 0 0 0 3 3
Mean 45.41 2.54 2.15 6.80 1.89
00
Median 53.00 2.00 2.00 6.00 2.00
00
Mode 0 1.00 2 0 1
Std. Deviation 24.629 1.52 .626 6.63 1.06
037 3 9
Minimum 0 1.00 1 0 1
Maximum 78 6.00 3 30 5

Frequen
cy Table

Age
    Frequency Perc Valid Cum
ent Perc ulati
ent ve
Perc
ent
Valid 0 21 21.0 21.0 21.0

177
 44 1 1.0 1.0 22.0
45 4 4.0 4.0 26.0
46 4 4.0 4.0 30.0
47 1 1.0 1.0 31.0
48 3 3.0 3.0 34.0
49 2 2.0 2.0 36.0
51 6 6.0 6.0 42.0
52 5 5.0 5.0 47.0
53 4 4.0 4.0 51.0
54 2 2.0 2.0 53.0
55 3 3.0 3.0 56.0
56 3 3.0 3.0 59.0
57 4 4.0 4.0 63.0
58 4 4.0 4.0 67.0
59 4 4.0 4.0 71.0
60 1 1.0 1.0 72.0
61 1 1.0 1.0 73.0
62 2 2.0 2.0 75.0
63 3 3.0 3.0 78.0
64 2 2.0 2.0 80.0
65 4 4.0 4.0 84.0
66 3 3.0 3.0 87.0
67 3 3.0 3.0 90.0
68 1 1.0 1.0 91.0
69 5 5.0 5.0 96.0
70 2 2.0 2.0 98.0
77 1 1.0 1.0 99.0
78 1 1.0 1.0 100.
0
Total 100 100. 100.  
0 0

Recoded Age
    Frequency Perc Valid Cum
ent Perc ulati
ent ve
Perc
ent
Valid 50 and 36 36.0 36.0 36.0
below
51 - 55 20 20.0 20.0 56.0
56 - 60 16 16.0 16.0 72.0

178
 61 - 65 12 12.0 12.0 84.0
66 - 70 14 14.0 14.0 98.0
71 and 2 2.0 2.0 100.
above 0
Total 100 100. 100.  
0 0

CivilStat
    Frequency Perc Valid Cum
ent Perc ulati
ent ve
Perc
ent
Valid Single 13 13.0 13.0 13.0
Married 59 59.0 59.0 72.0
Widowe 28 28.0 28.0 100.
d 0
Total 100 100. 100.  
0 0

YRserv
    Frequency Perc Valid Cum
ent Perc ulati
ent ve
Perc
ent
Valid 0 27 27.0 27.8 27.8
2 3 3.0 3.1 30.9
3 4 4.0 4.1 35.1
4 8 8.0 8.2 43.3
5 3 3.0 3.1 46.4
6 5 5.0 5.2 51.5
7 9 9.0 9.3 60.8
8 9 9.0 9.3 70.1
9 5 5.0 5.2 75.3
10 2 2.0 2.1 77.3
12 4 4.0 4.1 81.4
13 6 6.0 6.2 87.6
15 4 4.0 4.1 91.8
16 1 1.0 1.0 92.8
17 1 1.0 1.0 93.8
20 2 2.0 2.1 95.9
25 2 2.0 2.1 97.9

179
 26 1 1.0 1.0 99.0
30 1 1.0 1.0 100.
0
Total 97 97.0 100.  
0
Missing System 3 3.0    
Total 100 100.    
0

Recoded Years of service

    Frequency Perc Valid Cum
ent Perc ulati
ent ve
Perc
ent
Valid 5 and 45 45.0 46.4 46.4
below
6 - 10 30 30.0 30.9 77.3
11 -15 14 14.0 14.4 91.8
16 - 20 4 4.0 4.1 95.9
21 and 4 4.0 4.1 100.
above 0
Total 97 97.0 100.  
0
Missing System 3 3.0    
Total 100 100.    
0

Crosstab
s

Notes

Are you a registered voter? * Gender Crosstabulation

      Gender Total
      Male Fem
ale
Are you Yes Count 13 87 100
a % within 100. 100. 100.
registere Gender 0% 0% 0%
d voter?
Total Count 13 87 100

180
 % within 100. 100. 100.
Gender 0% 0% 0%

Are you a registered voter? * CivilStat Crosstabulation

      CivilStat Total
      Singl Marr Wid
e ied owe
d
Are you Yes Count 13 59 28 100
a % within 100. 100. 100. 100.
registere CivilStat 0% 0% 0% 0%
d voter?
Total Count 13 59 28 100
% within 100. 100. 100. 100.
CivilStat 0% 0% 0% 0%

Are you a registered voter? * Recoded Age Crosstabulation

      Recoded Age Tot
al
      50 51 - 56 - 61 - 66 - 71
and 55 60 65 70 and
belo abov
w e
Are you Yes Count 36 20 16 12 14 2 10
a 0
registere % within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 10
d voter? Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0.0
Age %
Total Count 36 20 16 12 14 2 10
0
% within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 10
Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0.0
Age %

Are you a registered voter? * Recoded Years of service Crosstabulation

      Recoded Years of service Total
      5 6- 11 16 - 21
and 10 -15 20 and
belo abov
w e
Are you Yes Count 45 30 14 4 4 97
a % within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100.
registere Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

181
d voter? Years of
service
Total Count 45 30 14 4 4 97
% within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100.
Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Years of
service

Are you aware of the upcoming 2019 Senatorial

Election? * Gender Crosstabulation
      Gender Total
      Male Fem
ale
Are you Aware Count 13 87 100
aware of % within 100. 100. 100.
the Gender 0% 0% 0%
upcomin
g 2019
Senatori
al
Election?
Total Count 13 87 100
% within 100. 100. 100.
Gender 0% 0% 0%

Are you aware of the upcoming 2019 Senatorial Election? *

CivilStat Crosstabulation
      CivilStat Total
      Singl Marr Wid
e ied owe
d
Are you Aware Count 13 59 28 100
aware of % within 100. 100. 100. 100.
the CivilStat 0% 0% 0% 0%
upcomin
g 2019
Senatori
al
Election?
Total Count 13 59 28 100
% within 100. 100. 100. 100.
CivilStat 0% 0% 0% 0%

Are you aware of the upcoming 2019 Senatorial Election? * Recoded Age

182
Crosstabulation
      Recoded Age Tot
al
      50 51 - 56 - 61 - 66 - 71
and 55 60 65 70 and
belo abov
w e
Are you Aware Count 36 20 16 12 14 2 10
aware of 0
the % within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 10
upcomin Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0.0
g 2019 Age %
Senatori
al
Election?
Total Count 36 20 16 12 14 2 10
0
% within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 10
Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0.0
Age %

Are you aware of the upcoming 2019 Senatorial Election? * Recoded Years of
service Crosstabulation
      Recoded Years of service Total
      5 6- 11 16 - 21
and 10 -15 20 and
belo abov
w e
Are you Aware Count 45 30 14 4 4 97
aware of % within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100.
the Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
upcomin Years of
g 2019 service
Senatori
al
Election?
Total Count 45 30 14 4 4 97
% within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100.
Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Years of
service

Are you aware of the top 12 Senatorial Candidates

leading in the Pulse Asia? * Gender Crosstabulation

183
      Gender Total
      Male Fem
ale
Are you Aware Count 8 78 86
aware of % within 61.5 89.7 86.0
the top Gender % % %
12 Not Count 5 9 14
Senatori Aware % within 38.5 10.3 14.0
al Gender % % %
Candidat
es
leading
in the
Pulse
Asia?
Total Count 13 87 100
% within 100. 100. 100.
Gender 0% 0% 0%

Are you aware of the top 12 Senatorial Candidates leading in

the Pulse Asia? * CivilStat Crosstabulation
      CivilStat Total
      Singl Marr Wid
e ied owe
d
Are you Aware Count 13 49 24 86
aware of % within 100. 83.1 85.7 86.0
the top CivilStat 0% % % %
12 Not Count 0 10 4 14
Senatori Aware % within .0% 16.9 14.3 14.0
al CivilStat % % %
Candidat
es
leading
in the
Pulse
Asia?
Total Count 13 59 28 100
% within 100. 100. 100. 100.
CivilStat 0% 0% 0% 0%

Are you aware of the top 12 Senatorial Candidates leading in the Pulse Asia? *
Recoded Age Crosstabulation
      Recoded Age Tot

184
 al
      50 51 - 56 - 61 - 66 - 71
and 55 60 65 70 and
belo abov
w e
Are you Aware Count 34 18 12 9 12 1 86
aware of % within 94.4 90.0 75.0 75.0 85.7 50.0 86.
the top Recoded % % % % % % 0%
12 Age
Senatori Not Count 2 2 4 3 2 1 14
al Aware % within 5.6% 10.0 25.0 25.0 14.3 50.0 14.
Candidat Recoded % % % % % 0%
es Age
leading
in the
Pulse
Asia?
Total Count 36 20 16 12 14 2 10
0
% within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 10
Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0.0
Age %

Are you aware of the top 12 Senatorial Candidates leading in the Pulse Asia? *
Recoded Years of service Crosstabulation
      Recoded Years of service Total
      5 6- 11 16 - 21
and 10 -15 20 and
belo abov
w e
Are you Aware Count 38 27 12 3 3 83
aware of % within 84.4 90.0 85.7 75.0 75.0 85.6
the top Recoded % % % % % %
12 Years of
Senatori service
al Not Count 7 3 2 1 1 14
Candidat Aware % within 15.6 10.0 14.3 25.0 25.0 14.4
es Recoded % % % % % %
leading Years of
in the service
Pulse
Asia?
Total Count 45 30 14 4 4 97

185
 % within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100.
Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Years of
service

Are you aware of the Basic Ecclessial Community of

Santisimo Rosario Parish? * Gender Crosstabulation
      Gender Total
      Male Fem
ale
Are you Aware Count 13 87 100
aware of
% within 100. 100. 100.
the Basic
Gender 0% 0% 0%
Ecclessial
Commun
ity of
Santisim
o Rosario
Parish?
Total Count 13 87 100
% within 100. 100. 100.
Gender 0% 0% 0%

Are you aware of the Basic Ecclessial Community of Santisimo

Rosario Parish? * CivilStat Crosstabulation
      CivilStat Total
      Singl Marr Wid
e ied owe
d
Are you Aware Count 13 59 28 100
aware of
% within 100. 100. 100. 100.
the Basic
CivilStat 0% 0% 0% 0%
Ecclessial
Commun
ity of
Santisim
o Rosario
Parish?
Total Count 13 59 28 100
% within 100. 100. 100. 100.
CivilStat 0% 0% 0% 0%

Are you aware of the Basic Ecclessial Community of Santisimo Rosario Parish? *
Recoded Age Crosstabulation

186
      Recoded Age Tot
al
      50 51 - 56 - 61 - 66 - 71
and 55 60 65 70 and
belo abov
w e
Are you Aware Count 36 20 16 12 14 2 10
aware of 0
the Basic % within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 10
Ecclessial Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0.0
Commun Age %
ity of
Santisim
o Rosario
Parish?
Total Count 36 20 16 12 14 2 10
0
% within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 10
Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0.0
Age %

Are you aware of the Basic Ecclessial Community of Santisimo Rosario Parish?
* Recoded Years of service Crosstabulation
      Recoded Years of service Total
      5 6- 11 16 - 21
and 10 -15 20 and
belo abov
w e
Are you Aware Count 45 30 14 4 4 97
aware of
% within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100.
the Basic
Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Ecclessial
Years of
Commun
service
ity of
Santisim
o Rosario
Parish?
Total Count 45 30 14 4 4 97
% within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100.
Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Years of
service

Are you aware of the projects and programs of the BEC

187
of Santisimo Rosario Parish, such as the Kalyeserye,
Feeding Program, Scholarship Program, and Medical
Services? (If you are not aware, please proceed to
number 8) * Gender Crosstabulation
      Gender Total
      Male Fem
ale
Are you Aware Count 13 87 100
aware of
the
projects
and % within 100. 100. 100.
program Gender 0% 0% 0%
s of the
BEC of
Santisim
o Rosario
Parish,
such as
the
Kalyeser
ye,
Feeding
Program,
Scholars
hip
Program,
and
Medical
Services?
(If you
are not
aware,
please
proceed
to
number
8)
Total Count 13 87 100
% within 100. 100. 100.
Gender 0% 0% 0%

Are you aware of the projects and programs of the BEC of

Santisimo Rosario Parish, such as the Kalyeserye, Feeding

188
Program, Scholarship Program, and Medical Services? (If you are
not aware, please proceed to number 8) * CivilStat
Crosstabulation
      CivilStat Total
      Singl Marr Wid
e ied owe
d
Are you Aware Count 13 59 28 100
aware of
the
projects
and % within 100. 100. 100. 100.
program CivilStat 0% 0% 0% 0%
s of the
BEC of
Santisim
o Rosario
Parish,
such as
the
Kalyeser
ye,
Feeding
Program,
Scholars
hip
Program,
and
Medical
Services?
(If you
are not
aware,
please
proceed
to
number
8)
Total Count 13 59 28 100
% within 100. 100. 100. 100.
CivilStat 0% 0% 0% 0%

Are you aware of the projects and programs of the BEC of Santisimo Rosario Parish,
such as the Kalyeserye, Feeding Program, Scholarship Program, and Medical

189
Services? (If you are not aware, please proceed to number 8) * Recoded Age
Crosstabulation
      Recoded Age Tot
al
      50 51 - 56 - 61 - 66 - 71
and 55 60 65 70 and
belo abov
w e
Are you Aware Count 36 20 16 12 14 2 10
aware of 0
the
projects
and % within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 10
program Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0.0
s of the Age %
BEC of
Santisim
o Rosario
Parish,
such as
the
Kalyeser
ye,
Feeding
Program,
Scholars
hip
Program,
and
Medical
Services?
(If you
are not
aware,
please
proceed
to
number
8)
Total Count 36 20 16 12 14 2 10
0
% within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 10
Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0.0

190
 Age %

Are you aware of the projects and programs of the BEC of Santisimo Rosario
Parish, such as the Kalyeserye, Feeding Program, Scholarship Program, and
Medical Services? (If you are not aware, please proceed to number 8) *
Recoded Years of service Crosstabulation
      Recoded Years of service Total
      5 6- 11 16 - 21
and 10 -15 20 and
belo abov
w e
Are you Aware Count 45 30 14 4 4 97
aware of
the
projects
and % within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100.
program Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
s of the Years of
BEC of service
Santisim
o Rosario
Parish,
such as
the
Kalyeser
ye,
Feeding
Program,
Scholars
hip
Program,
and
Medical
Services?
(If you
are not
aware,
please
proceed
to
number
8)
Total Count 45 30 14 4 4 97
% within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100.

191
 Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Years of
service

If yes, what are the programs of the BEC of Santismo

Rosario Parish have you participated into? * Gender
Crosstabulation
      Gender Total
      Male Fem
ale
If yes, Kalyeser Count 13 87 100
what are ye
the % within 100. 100. 100.
program Gender 0% 0% 0%
s of the
BEC of
Santismo
Rosario
Parish
have you
participa
ted into?
Total Count 13 87 100
% within 100. 100. 100.
Gender 0% 0% 0%

If yes, what are the programs of the BEC of Santismo Rosario

Parish have you participated into? * CivilStat Crosstabulation
      CivilStat Total
      Singl Marr Wid
e ied owe
d
If yes, Kalyeser Count 13 59 28 100
what are ye
the % within 100. 100. 100. 100.
program CivilStat 0% 0% 0% 0%
s of the
BEC of
Santismo
Rosario
Parish
have you
participa
ted into?

192
Total Count 13 59 28 100
% within 100. 100. 100. 100.
CivilStat 0% 0% 0% 0%

If yes, what are the programs of the BEC of Santismo Rosario Parish have you
participated into? * Recoded Age Crosstabulation
      Recoded Age Tot
al
      50 51 - 56 - 61 - 66 - 71
and 55 60 65 70 and
belo abov
w e
If yes, Kalyeser Count 36 20 16 12 14 2 10
what are ye 0
the % within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 10
program Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0.0
s of the Age %
BEC of
Santismo
Rosario
Parish
have you
participa
ted into?
Total Count 36 20 16 12 14 2 10
0
% within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 10
Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0.0
Age %

If yes, what are the programs of the BEC of Santismo Rosario Parish have you
participated into? * Recoded Years of service Crosstabulation
      Recoded Years of service Total
      5 6- 11 16 - 21
and 10 -15 20 and
belo abov
w e
If yes, Kalyeser Count 45 30 14 4 4 97
what are ye
the % within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100.
program Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
s of the Years of
BEC of service
Santismo

193
Rosario
Parish
have you
participa
ted into?
Total Count 45 30 14 4 4 97
% within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100.
Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Years of
service

Are you aware of the practices being conducted in

Kalyeserye? * Gender Crosstabulation
      Gender Total
      Male Fem
ale
Are you Aware Count 13 87 100
aware of % within 100. 100. 100.
the Gender 0% 0% 0%
practices
being
conducte
d in
Kalyeser
ye?
Total Count 13 87 100
% within 100. 100. 100.
Gender 0% 0% 0%

Are you aware of the practices being conducted in Kalyeserye?

* CivilStat Crosstabulation
      CivilStat Total
      Singl Marr Wid
e ied owe
d
Are you Aware Count 13 59 28 100
aware of % within 100. 100. 100. 100.
the CivilStat 0% 0% 0% 0%
practices
being
conducte
d in
Kalyeser
ye?

194
Total Count 13 59 28 100
% within 100. 100. 100. 100.
CivilStat 0% 0% 0% 0%

Are you aware of the practices being conducted in Kalyeserye? * Recoded Age
Crosstabulation
      Recoded Age Tot
al
      50 51 - 56 - 61 - 66 - 71
and 55 60 65 70 and
belo abov
w e
Are you Aware Count 36 20 16 12 14 2 10
aware of 0
the % within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 10
practices Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0.0
being Age %
conducte
d in
Kalyeser
ye?
Total Count 36 20 16 12 14 2 10
0
% within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 10
Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0.0
Age %

Are you aware of the practices being conducted in Kalyeserye? * Recoded

Years of service Crosstabulation
      Recoded Years of service Total
      5 6- 11 16 - 21
and 10 -15 20 and
belo abov
w e
Are you Aware Count 45 30 14 4 4 97
aware of % within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100.
the Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
practices Years of
being service
conducte
d in
Kalyeser
ye?
Total Count 45 30 14 4 4 97

195
 % within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100.
Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Years of
service

Have you ever participated in the street masses of the

BEC of Santisimo Rosario? * Gender Crosstabulation
      Gender Total
      Male Fem
ale
Have you Yes Count 13 87 100
ever
% within 100. 100. 100.
participa
Gender 0% 0% 0%
ted in
the
street
masses
of the
BEC of
Santisim
o
Rosario?
Total Count 13 87 100
% within 100. 100. 100.
Gender 0% 0% 0%

Have you ever participated in the street masses of the BEC of

Santisimo Rosario? * CivilStat Crosstabulation
      CivilStat Total
      Singl Marr Wid
e ied owe
d
Have you Yes Count 13 59 28 100
ever
% within 100. 100. 100. 100.
participa
CivilStat 0% 0% 0% 0%
ted in
the
street
masses
of the
BEC of
Santisim
o
Rosario?

196
Total Count 13 59 28 100
% within 100. 100. 100. 100.
CivilStat 0% 0% 0% 0%

Have you ever participated in the street masses of the BEC of Santisimo Rosario? *
Recoded Age Crosstabulation
      Recoded Age Tot
al
      50 51 - 56 - 61 - 66 - 71
and 55 60 65 70 and
belo abov
w e
Have you Yes Count 36 20 16 12 14 2 10
ever 0
participa % within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 10
ted in Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0.0
the Age %
street
masses
of the
BEC of
Santisim
o
Rosario?
Total Count 36 20 16 12 14 2 10
0
% within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 10
Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0.0
Age %

Have you ever participated in the street masses of the BEC of Santisimo
Rosario? * Recoded Years of service Crosstabulation
      Recoded Years of service Total
      5 6- 11 16 - 21
and 10 -15 20 and
belo abov
w e
Have you Yes Count 45 30 14 4 4 97
ever
% within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100.
participa
Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
ted in
Years of
the
service
street
masses

197
of the
BEC of
Santisim
o
Rosario?
Total Count 45 30 14 4 4 97
% within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100.
Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Years of
service

How did you learn about the projects and programs of

the Santisimo Rosario Parish? * Gender Crosstabulation
      Gender Total
      Male Fem
ale
How did Mass Count 5 35 40
you learn Announc % within 38.5 40.2 40.0
about ement Gender % % %
the Family Count 3 3 6
projects % within 23.1 3.4% 6.0%
and Gender %
program Neighbor Count 3 11 14
s of the % within 23.1 12.6 14.0
Santisim Gender % % %
o Rosario Organiza Count 2 32 34
Parish? tion % within 15.4 36.8 34.0
Gender % % %
Others Count 0 6 6
% within .0% 6.9% 6.0%
Gender
Total Count 13 87 100
% within 100. 100. 100.
Gender 0% 0% 0%

How did you learn about the projects and programs of the
Santisimo Rosario Parish? * CivilStat Crosstabulation
      CivilStat Total
      Singl Marr Wid
e ied owe
d
How did Mass Count 6 25 9 40
you learn Announc % within 46.2 42.4 32.1 40.0

198
about ement CivilStat % % % %
the Family Count 0 4 2 6
projects % within .0% 6.8% 7.1% 6.0%
and CivilStat
program Neighbor Count 4 5 5 14
s of the % within 30.8 8.5% 17.9 14.0
Santisim CivilStat % % %
o Rosario Organiza Count 2 20 12 34
Parish? tion % within 15.4 33.9 42.9 34.0
CivilStat % % % %
Others Count 1 5 0 6
% within 7.7% 8.5% .0% 6.0%
CivilStat
Total Count 13 59 28 100
% within 100. 100. 100. 100.
CivilStat 0% 0% 0% 0%

How did you learn about the projects and programs of the Santisimo Rosario
Parish? * Recoded Age Crosstabulation
      Recoded Age Tot
al
      50 51 - 56 - 61 - 66 - 71
and 55 60 65 70 and
belo abov
w e
How did Mass Count 17 7 6 4 6 0 40
you learn Announc % within 47.2 35.0 37.5 33.3 42.9 .0% 40.
about ement Recoded % % % % % 0%
the Age
projects Family Count 3 1 0 1 1 0 6
and % within 8.3% 5.0% .0% 8.3% 7.1% .0% 6.0
program Recoded %
s of the Age
Santisim Neighbor Count 4 4 3 1 2 0 14
o Rosario % within 11.1 20.0 18.8 8.3% 14.3 .0% 14.
Parish? Recoded % % % % 0%
Age
Organiza Count 10 6 7 5 4 2 34
tion % within 27.8 30.0 43.8 41.7 28.6 100. 34.
Recoded % % % % % 0% 0%
Age
Others Count 2 2 0 1 1 0 6
% within 5.6% 10.0 .0% 8.3% 7.1% .0% 6.0

199
 Recoded % %
Age
Total Count 36 20 16 12 14 2 10
0
% within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 10
Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0.0
Age %

How did you learn about the projects and programs of the Santisimo Rosario
Parish? * Recoded Years of service Crosstabulation
      Recoded Years of service Total
      5 6- 11 16 - 21
and 10 -15 20 and
belo abov
w e
How did Mass Count 16 14 6 1 1 38
you learn Announc % within 35.6 46.7 42.9 25.0 25.0 39.2
about ement Recoded % % % % % %
the Years of
projects service
and Family Count 2 1 1 1 1 6
program % within 4.4% 3.3% 7.1% 25.0 25.0 6.2%
s of the Recoded % %
Santisim Years of
o Rosario service
Parish? Neighbor Count 5 7 1 0 0 13
% within 11.1 23.3 7.1% .0% .0% 13.4
Recoded % % %
Years of
service
Organiza Count 18 6 6 2 2 34
tion % within 40.0 20.0 42.9 50.0 50.0 35.1
Recoded % % % % % %
Years of
service
Others Count 4 2 0 0 0 6
% within 8.9% 6.7% .0% .0% .0% 6.2%
Recoded
Years of
service
Total Count 45 30 14 4 4 97

200
 % within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100.
Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Years of
service

Do you have any knowledge about the social teachings

of the BEC of Santisimo Rosario Parish that can affect the
voting preference of the member? * Gender
Crosstabulation
      Gender Total
      Male Fem
ale
Do you Yes Count 10 78 88
have any % within 76.9 89.7 88.0
knowled Gender % % %
ge about None Count 3 9 12
the
social % within 23.1 10.3 12.0
teaching Gender % % %
s of the
BEC of
Santisim
o Rosario
Parish
that can
affect
the
voting
preferen
ce of the
member
?
Total Count 13 87 100
% within 100. 100. 100.
Gender 0% 0% 0%

Do you have any knowledge about the social teachings of the

BEC of Santisimo Rosario Parish that can affect the voting
preference of the member? * CivilStat Crosstabulation
      CivilStat Total
      Singl Marr Wid
e ied owe
d

201
Do you Yes Count 12 54 22 88
have any % within 92.3 91.5 78.6 88.0
knowled CivilStat % % % %
ge about None Count 1 5 6 12
the
social % within 7.7% 8.5% 21.4 12.0
teaching CivilStat % %
s of the
BEC of
Santisim
o Rosario
Parish
that can
affect
the
voting
preferen
ce of the
member
?
Total Count 13 59 28 100
% within 100. 100. 100. 100.
CivilStat 0% 0% 0% 0%

Do you have any knowledge about the social teachings of the BEC of Santisimo
Rosario Parish that can affect the voting preference of the member? * Recoded Age
Crosstabulation
      Recoded Age Tot
al
      50 51 - 56 - 61 - 66 - 71
and 55 60 65 70 and
belo abov
w e
Do you Yes Count 32 17 15 9 13 2 88
have any % within 88.9 85.0 93.8 75.0 92.9 100. 88.
knowled Recoded % % % % % 0% 0%
ge about Age
the None Count 4 3 1 3 1 0 12
social
teaching % within 11.1 15.0 6.3% 25.0 7.1% .0% 12.
s of the Recoded % % % 0%
BEC of Age
Santisim
o Rosario

202
Parish
that can
affect
the
voting
preferen
ce of the
member
?
Total Count 36 20 16 12 14 2 10
0
% within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 10
Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0.0
Age %

Do you have any knowledge about the social teachings of the BEC of Santisimo
Rosario Parish that can affect the voting preference of the member? *
Recoded Years of service Crosstabulation
      Recoded Years of service Total
      5 6- 11 16 - 21
and 10 -15 20 and
belo abov
w e
Do you Yes Count 39 25 14 3 4 85
have any % within 86.7 83.3 100. 75.0 100. 87.6
knowled Recoded % % 0% % 0% %
ge about Years of
the service
social None Count 6 5 0 1 0 12
teaching
s of the % within 13.3 16.7 .0% 25.0 .0% 12.4
BEC of Recoded % % % %
Santisim Years of
o Rosario service
Parish
that can
affect
the
voting
preferen
ce of the
member
?
Total Count 45 30 14 4 4 97

203
 % within 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100.
Recoded 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Years of
service

APPENDIX C:
INTERVIEW
QUESTIONS FOR
KEY INFORMANTS

204
Bro. Rolando C. Ingaran (BEC Promoter, Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic

Ecclesial Community (BEC))

1. What is a basic ecclesial community? How is it significant in this day and

age?

2. How did the Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic Ecclesial Community begin?

What led to the creation of the Santisimo Rosario Parish BEC?

3. How did you first get involved with the Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic

Ecclesial Community?

4. As regards to mandates, in what way are you different with the work of the

parish priest towards overseeing the community?

5. As a person who is immersed in the community, can you cite some

differences with regard to BEC members to non-BEC members towards how

they vote for a certain candidate?

6. Is there a difference between how a BEC member votes this upcoming 2019

Senatorial elections with non-BEC member? Will they look for certain

characteristics or attitudes possessed by a certain candidate or not?

7. Is being part of the in-group (e.g. BEC) shape the voting consciousness of the

whole community?

205
8. Are the BEC members more inclined to vote for a senatorial candidate who

display a Christ-like character or not?

9. What do you think are the social doctrines that the Santisimo Rosario Parish

continuously teaches that can inspire the Basic Ecclesial Community

members in their choice of vote?

10. What do you think are the different projects and programs that the Santisimo

Rosario Basic Ecclesial Community utilizes and implements that can

influence the voting preference of their members who are also registered

voters? You may state the significant ones only.

11. What are the shared norms and values formed inside the Basic Ecclesial

Community that in turn influence the voting preference of the registered BEC

members?

12. What are the underlying factors that affect the voting preferences of the

registered voters that are members of the Basic Ecclesial Community of

Santisimo Rosario Parish in Barangays 465-467 in Sampaloc, Manila?

13. Can you give me ways on how the Santisimo Rosario Parish BEC influence

the voting preferences of the communities under its jurisdiction?

14. Can you cite some differences between a BEC member and non-BEC

member on how they vote for a certain candidate?

15. Should the modern candidates of the Philippines also persuade small sects of

religious sector like basic ecclesial communities for them to win?

206
Sister Elvira G. Javier and Sister Fidelina P. Badajos (BEC Coordinato Area

General Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic Ecclesial Community)

1. Can you explain what is a basic ecclesial community and how it became

significant and influential in the contemporary times?

2. What led to the creation of the Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic Ecclesial

Community (BEC)?

3. What is your position in the Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic Ecclesial

Community? Please explain how it affect your life.

4. Describe the condition of Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic Ecclesial

Community (BEC) in relation to the communities especially barangays 465-

467.

5. Are you aware of the parish pastoral council? How is it related to the basic

ecclesial community of Santisimo Rosario Parish?

6. With the proliferation of the BECs in the Philippines, can you see the

advantages and disadvantages of it?

7. What do you think are the social doctrines that the Santisimo Rosario Parish

continuously teaches that can inspire the Basic Ecclesial Community

members in their choice of vote?

8. As the church of the poor, will these BECs be significant in relation to the vote

of choice for Filipinos?

207
9. Do you think that by being a part of the Basic Ecclesial Community or the so

called in group, it can heavily contribute to the voting preference of a

registered voter?

10. Do you think implementing the voter’s education is one of the most significant

projects of the church in the modern times?

11. What do you think are the different factors that affect the voting preferences

of a BEC member aside from the BEC?

12. Will it be beneficial for voters to attend voter’s education conducted by the

Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic Ecclesial Community (BEC)? And how will it

affect the BEC to how they vote?

13. In your own opinion, is politics really mired by religion in the Philippines?

14. Is there a difference between how a BEC member votes this upcoming 2019

Senatorial elections with the non-BEC member? Will they look for certain

characteristics or attitudes possessed by a certain candidate or not?

15. What do you think are the different projects and programs that the Santisimo

Rosario Basic Ecclesial Community utilizes and implements that can

influence the voting preferences of their members who are also registered

voters? You may state the significant ones only.

16. What are the shared norms and values formed inside the Basic Ecclesial

Community that in turn influence the voting preferences of the registered BEC

members?

208
17. Should the modern candidates of the Philippines also persuade small sects of

religious sector like basic ecclesial communities for them to win?

Rev. Msgr. Manuel “Manny” Gabriel, PC, STD (Executive Secretary,

Committee on Basic Ecclesial Communities, Catholic Bishops’ Conference of the

Philippines)

1. What is a Basic Ecclesial Community (BEC)? And how has it evolved until the

present times in the Philippine context?

2. What led to the creation of the first ever Basic Ecclesial Community (BEC) in

the Philippines?

3. Describe the condition of the Basic Ecclesial Community (BEC) in the present

times.

4. What do you think are the social doctrines that a certain parish continuously

teaches that can inspire the Basic Ecclesial Community members in their

choice of vote this coming election?

5. Are the different projects and programs of a certain Basic Ecclesial

Community influence the voting preference of their members who are also

registered voters?

6. Are the shared norms and values formed inside the Basic Ecclesial

Community influential in shaping the voting preference of the registered BEC

members?

209
7. Aside from the BEC, what are the underlying factors that might affect the

voting preferences of the registered voters that are members of the Basic

Ecclesial Community in a certain community?

8. Can you cite some differences between a BEC member and non-BEC

member on how they vote for a certain candidate?

9. Should the modern candidates of the Philippines also persuade small sects of

religious sector like basic ecclesial communities for them to win?

210
 APPENDIX D:
TRANSCRIPTION
OF INTERVIEWS

211
 INTERVIEW TRANSCRIPT 1

SANTISIMO ROSARIO PARISH GARDEN

A: Interviewer 1 - Ralph

A1: Interviewer 2 - Karen

B: Interviewee - Bro. Rolly

Interview Setting: Interview conducted in the Santisimo Rosario Parish Garden,

University of Santo Tomas.

Date and Time: The Interview was conducted at 11:00 am, February 18, 2019 on

a Monday.

(Start of Interview)

A1: Ano po ang full name niyo po?

B: Rolando Castro Ingaran

A1: Ano po ang posisyon niyo sa Basic Ecclesial Community and sa Santisimo

Rosario Parish?

B: Ngayon ang posisyon ko ay Vicariate Coordinator nang vicariate Loreto BEC

so eight parishes ang involved. Pag vicariate kasi hindi lang isang Parish so sa

Santisimo Rosario Parish isa ako sa mga tinatawag na BEC promoter and at the

same time parish pastoral worker.

212
A1: uhm proceed na po tayo sa mismong data gathering

B: uhm... okay

A1: First question po what is a basic ecclesial community and how it is significant

in this day and age?

B: Oo, BEC as you know, you should know it already because you are

researching for this... (chuckles) BEC is considered as a way of being a church

it's not an organization it is considered as a way of being a church it is not even a

movement so... like when we talk of a… the church is concentrated and be

centered... we usually have the Parish Church and then when we talk of BECs,

these are group of people located in different areas especially small groups of

people… so… they are supposed to be ah... 12 to 15 cells... ah... members in the

community so 12 in a sense that Christ chose his Disciples at 12 and then there

will be a leader and then they compose a neighborhood tawag namin dito ay uh

kapitbahay-kapitbuhay so they live a sufficient [rise?] [00:07:20.99] where they

share in terms of prayers, in terms of ah... liturgy ang tinatawag namin misa sa

kalsada and then they help one another as a community ayan so it's a way of

being church.

A1: Ang pangalawa pong tanong is how did the Santisimo Rosario Parish BEC

begin and what led to the creation of the Santisimo Parish BEC?

B: Uhm… we start with of course the PCP II… uh… alam na ninyo yung PCP II?

(laughs) so eto yung ah... reforms in the church, local church in the universal

church we talk of second Vatican council II and then in the Philippine church, sa

second vatican II is a... 1962 to 65 and then… in the in the… the Philippines we

213
have also uhm… as an offshoot of a... the PCP... the Second Vatican Council II

then we have uh… the PCP II Second Plenary Council of 1991 and uh… this was

the formation of different BEC groups all over the Philippines so... this time when

we have the… the… what do you call this? Uh… the church is preparing for

the… the 500 years of Christianity so... and we started with the year of faith

usually 9 years preparation yun and the 10th year we have a celebration just like

we have the novena, 9 years preparation and then novena… ah novena 9 and

then the celebration so… whenever we talk of Christianity then 1521 eto so in

2021 we will have the 500 years a… anniversary of being a church in the

Philippines so ngayon when Cardinal ah... Rosales started to strengthen the

leadership in the community specifically in the Archdiocese of Manila, he

supported the massive campaign for the formation of BECs in parishes and the…

during the [...] the time of Cardinal uh… ano ang Cardinal natin ngayon…

A1: Cardinal Tagle

B: ... si Cardinal Tagle... uh... During the time when we had the BEC Year, that

was 2 years ago uh… year of the Parish and last year we have year of a… the

religious the priest and the religious and this year we have the year of the youth

so when we were closing on the year of the BEC on being the year of the Parish

then Cardinal Tagle encouraged us to help [...] 100% formation of BECs in all

parishes of the Archdiocese of Manila… and so… of course and in our vicariate,

not all parishes have their own BECs but in Santisimo Rosario Parish, I still

remember If I could remember this right, in 203... 203 that was the start of…

uh…. formation campaign dito… dito sa Parish… um… I was not yet then active

214
in this because uh… I was in charge of other events and other organizations so

specifically I was active in the Knights of Columbus and the... during that time, I

was still with the youth… so… now… um… in the formation of a.... this group and

they started this BOS… ah… BOS… Basic Orientation Seminar.... so different

BEC leaders on future BEC ah… leaders were encouraged to come here for the

BOS Orientation Seminar then, it was then that… they decided to of course with

the help of Brother Jerry Capistrano…

A1: Jerry?

B: Jerry Capistrano who is still the ah… Vicariate Coordinator of BEC… it so

happened that I am his (laughs)... co-coordinator. So, now, it was through him

that a... a group of leaders were challenge and from this group of leaders then…

a…. this formation, the BOS orientation seminar went into the different streets…

so ayun… there were two very important streets… yung… ano yun… and they

formed the 204 I think so 204, there were two cells that formed, one here is in

the…. 1 2 3 4 uh…. Area 4 and area 1 so specifically area 4 is in miguelin…

miguelin street miguelin street… so that's where I joined (chuckles) yung grupo

and then later on, I become… I became the promoter... and then another is in

area 1 so area 1 is.... Uh uh uh.... paano ka ba mapaliwanag ito… uh… dito sa

banda yan, P. Noval hanggang doon sa uh....

A1: Bombers?

B: Yung kwan pa… Ano yung street doon?

A1: Um… Eloisa?

215
B: Hindi. P. Noval, Eloisa, Tolentino, um… tawag dito, P. Paredes, P. Campa,

tapos yung doon sa dulo-dulo...

A1: Yung gym sa may bomber po?

B: Yung lagpas pa doon.

A1: Ah, yung pa, ano na po Morayta? Doon malapit?

B: Oo… Morayta so pero dito banda rito hindi Morayta... Morayta kabila yun eh…

kalimutan ko. Oh I forgot the name pero dito malapit sa… sa central market...

A1: Um….

B: Boulevard Quezon Boulevard ayan. Quezon Boulevard yan so ayan yung

dalawang grupo a… organized yun and then formed and then they have their

own… own officers so series of kwan yun.... seminars and then they decided

to... to meet every week yan every week na yan so from the two, then we

decided to… um… include all the other areas zones so for the Parish we have 7

zones, so zone 1… meron ba ako dito… sayang meron sana tayong kwan… ng

Parish wala ako dito… Zone 1 na-organize yun, zone 2, Zone 3, zone 4, zone 5,

zone 6, zone 7 so ganito ang i-structure nun. Zone 1 is dito Eloisa ah… P. Noval

hanggang doon sa Quezon Boulevard.

A1: Pwede niyo po i-illustrate?

B: Oo. Um okay. (drawing the streets of the jurisdiction of Santisimo Rosario

Parish). P. Noval...

A1: Dito po yung UST side?

B: Eto yung UST kasi eto… Espanya... UST... Dapitan ito… ano yung

Governor Forbes ano tawag ngayon?

216
A & A1: Lacson?

B: Lacson.

A1: Nandito po yung Andalusia?

B: Oo yung Laon Laan… tawag dito A. Mendoza (chuckles) Andalusia noon.

Um… Boulevard…. so eto Zone 1 eto yung kwan… Recto medyo mahaba pa

nandiyan so eto zone 1 eto zone 2...Zone 1 lahat yan zone 2 3 eto yung riles

algeciras… Ano tawag dito Algeciras sorry dito pala yun… sa railroad eto…

Dapitan dito yung Piy Margal eto yung Dominican School… P. Florentino so

Zone 4… ano to...

A1: Sa tingin niyo po ano po ang pinakamaraming population ng BEC sa Zone

1?

B: Zone 1. Ayan ang marami tapos marami rin ang ano um... Zone 4 and 5.

A1: Bali po kung um… based po sa inyo ilan po ang members or yung um…

sakop po ng sa Zone 1 estimated po?

B: Kasi families eto eh kaya hindi mo pano to eh… so... ngayon andito sa P

Noval ito may Eloisa eto may mga grupo dito eh so ang dati-dati dito marami so

ngayon medyo ah… kasi sabihin na natin depressed area kulang sila nang time

kasi hindi kami magji-jibe doon sa… sa time kasi 2 oclock ang kwinan nila...hindi

na nila na- sustain so kaya... ah... medyo pasulpot-sulpot na lang dito so pero

dito marami dito P. Noval tapos J. Barlin ah… Eloisa at marami to so

concentrated ito so eto yung depressed area tapos dito rin sa Algeciras marami

ditong… ayan...ayan...kasi malayo sa simbahan malayo sa simbahan dito

217
malapit sila pupunta so we have our streat masses dito ganito pero pag during

fiesta talagang nag-iipon talaga yan nagkakaroon lahat ng mga streets...

A1: Um, usually po tuwing kailan nagkakaroon rin po ng street masses?

B: Oo, eto kasi ah… irregular ang kanilang third Saturday, eto regular nila 1st or

2nd Sunday depende sa kwan schedule dito 1st or 2nd Sunday, ngayon dito ini-

ischedule na kung ano ang kwan... yan pero eto regular to kasi medyo malayo ito

so dito malapit lang so dito rin sa FEU um… occassional pero dito sa 1 ah...

itong May kasi ito yung anniversary nila eh… so kaya marami lahat-lahat dito

mga bata mga kwan... mga kanya kanya silang misa… um okay...

A1: Third po, um… medyo nasagot na po siya kanina… how did you first get

involved with the Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic Ecclesial Community?

B: So, kasi dito nasa Worship ako nasa education tapos nun nasa education

muna ako tapos nasa worship ako so uh… Kasi kapag ikaw ay nasa education

usually sa formation ka and then dahil sa Worship ako ah… kwan di ako sa

ano… sa mga misa kaya yun (laughs) dito nakwan sa akin na itap ako and then

after that naging kwan ako… Parish ano tawag dito pastoral worker because of

the BEC and then ganun din sa… yung members ng Caritas usually kasi yun

BEC yung mga members din ng mga namin...

A1: Okay, next question po, as regards to the mandates, in what way are you

different with the work of the parish priest towards overseeing the community?

B: Oo syempre yung parish priest eh… hindi pwedeng eh… ikutin niya ang

lahat so ngayon meron siyang overseer kumbaga so the parish priest so ako na

yung nakikipag-usap sa kanila, nakikipag deal sa kanila on what activities they

218
will involve in so normally kapag sasabihin ni father ‘oh magkaroon tayo ng ah…

anong tawag dito imposition of Ashes’ ganun so i-kwa-kwan ko iga-gather ko

yung mga ah… tawag dun ang mga dati na ginamit so sila nagproprovide yun

dadalhin namin dito sasabihin namin na ano ah… representatives of different

groups para sa Burning of the Ashes that would be on the… a day before kasi

Ash Wednesday ay Wednesday and the evening dito nang kwan so… ah…

minsan even before the week nagdadala na nang mga [bata?] [29:23.61] so…

kaya naco-communicate ano man ang mga programa sa Parish naico-

communicate and then the parish priest syempre kapag may mga misa nandyan

tayo about the [...] we will na fully [...] and this para yung mga personal niyang

chats niya sa mga kwan members… ayun...ah… na… na-istrengthen yung

parish priest and BEC relations… ah… kunwari mayroon tayo andito um…

fiesta so iniischedule yun nung time nung misa nila kaisan misa dito kailan ang

misa dito oh… so sila ang nago-organize ng kanilang minsan doon so ganun din

kapag mayroong Advent o recollection lahat na kwan… so sino yung pwedeng

dumalo kasi usually ginagawa ito sa evening misa ah… recollection so from 6:30

hanngang 9:30 so kasama na yung misa and then may representation pero iba

lang kung misa ay doon mas marami doon sa mga i-street street usually mga

elderly na hindi na kayang pumunta dito tapos sabi ni father oh, so ganitong araw

magkwa-kwan ako ng confession before the mass ayun... so and then ano pa

yung mga programs na na kwan...during May oh meron tayong tawag dito May

Flores so yung mga bata coming from the BECs, so yung mga leaders from

different areas so nagcocollecta kami ng mga bata para nage-encoruage kami ng

219
mga bata para dadalhin dito everyday yan from May 1 to 31 and after yung

during that ano meron ding partnership ng mga organizations so yung meriendas

syempre mga batas hahanapin yung meryenda yun so ang nagtutulong tatlo yun

eh: organization, BEC yung BEC area nila yung street, tapos yung Parish so

yung flowers sila rin ang magpro-provide dito so yung leaders kung sino ang

kwan ah… bibili ng flowers para sa mga offerings si yung sino bibili ng pagkain

supported by the Parish organization whether the BEC divide by 3 lahat yun.

Kunwari ang kuwan ninyo ay expenses ninyo ay two thousand... 2000 divided by

3 yun ang mga kwan.

A1: Next question po, as a person who is immersed in the community, can you

cite some differences with regard to BEC members to non-BEC members

towards how they vote for a certain candidate?

B: Hmm… ayun nga dahil hindi natin ma-kwan oh… makikita kung paano yung

tinatawag na na vote buying kasi ito yung yung madalas na maririnig ninyo sa

mga… [fan...] [33:09.42] or sa mga barangay bakit ganito ang nanalo ba't ganito

ang nanalo so merong on… sabihin na nating na pamaraan yung mga pulitiko

lalo na sa barangay election so may nagbibigay ng goods may nagbibigay ng

pera pero doon sa BEC ang sinasabi namin na kuwan ang... ang leader ay

dapat maka-Diyos makatao, makabayan, at makakalikasan ganun din pro-poor

(chuckles) so ayun kaya yan ang palagi naming sinasabi kung minsan mayroon

din kaming discussion kagaya ng... there was a time when Duterte ran for the

presidency ay hindi mo ma-kwan yung mga tao na ay iboboto ko si [Gab?]

[34:08.11] para sa pagbabago ganun ganun ganun tapos syempre limited ang

220
power mo pero sabihin mo siya ba ay makadiyos makatao tignan mo yung

pagkatao niya… diba? So kaya ngayon maraming nagsisisi bakit siya yung

binoto ganun din ang mga pari… ang mga pari mga obispo divided noon tungkol

kay Duterte so ngayon nakita nila yun pala eh yung drug-kwan niya EJK niya

(chuckles) yung tungkol sa family so...

A1: pati yung sa church...

B: Oo, yung ah sa tawag dito divorce so ngayon marami marami namang

maraming nag ano… ah... sabi ay nagkamali tayo (chuckles) ganun sila so ayun

makikita pero talagang usapan pa lang sinasabi namin hanggang ngayon kung

ano yung magiging tunay na lider so kung sino ang i-aano iboboto mo kailangan

meron tayong mga principles doon hindi basta basta na na yung yung kandidato

ay sikat, ang kandidato ay artista wala namang gagawin sa bayan (chuckles).

A1: True po yun.

B: So ayun kaya nakita natin na na hindi naman sabihin natin yung mga artista

wala namang ginagawa kasi marunong maraming mga artista na mga

tumutulong pero mga artista na walang ginawa kung hindi tumunganga

(chuckles)... ayun.

A1: nagpasikat lang po (chuckles) Next question po, is there a difference

between how a BEC member votes this upcoming 2019 Senatorial elections with

non-BEC member? Will they look for certain characteristics or attitudes

possessed by a certain candidate or not?

B: Ayun din ang palagi naming strine-stress yung maka-Diyos, makabayan,

makatao, makakalikasan, and then makapamahirap yun ang mga totoong

221
maglilingkod palaging sinasabi namin na ang boto ng bawat isa ay iyon ang

leverage natin para masabi na importante ang boto so pwede nating patalsikin

ang isang hindi karapat-dapat na kandidato pwede natin ilok-lok yung mga taong

sa inaakala natin malinis ang kanyang hangarin usually ganito ang na-ikwan

doon sa mga non-members patawag dito at alam na namin na ngayon as early

as this time mayroon na nagpapatawag na candidates nagbibigay sa chairman

yung Chairman meron siyang mga tao na oh, ito bantayan ninyo ito bantayan

ninyo to… to so kung paano iinfluence at ah… yung meeting namin last Saturday

yung BEC eh parang lumalabas na ang 4Ps ay nagagamit nang pulitiko kunwari

yung barangay na ganoon maraming mahirap kasi yung contact nila ay barangay

chairman kaya oh... may influence yung barangay chairman as to so… kung sino

ang iboboto nila pero sa BEC na natitiyak namin na nagbabago yung paningin

pananaw nila so kagaya ngayon last Sunday so nagkwento ako tungkol sa

blessed are the poor in spirit oh… Blessed are the poor so yung bang kwan na to

ay patungkol ba sa socio-economic sabi ko hindi ang iyong basta pag nagbasa

kayo ng Biblia isipin ninyo kung ano yung intention ng author kasi kung blessed

are the poor mapalad ang mga mahihirap ang daming mahirap namamatay ng

walang makain, namamatay nang walang pampa-doktor, pang gamot yun ba ay

maswerte yung ibig sabihin nun yung sabi ni [Dok...] [39:01.01] blessed are the

poor kasi tinignan niya yung kwan ibig sabihin nung disipulo yung disipulo yun

yung mga mga leader na sumusunod kay Kristo kaya yung teaching ni Kristo yun

ang pakikinggan nila ang ibig sabihin kapag ah... Blessed are the poor kilalanin

natin na ang Diyos ang Siyang nagbibigay saatin ng ating pangangailangan He

222
provides kaya ano gagawin natin lumapit tayo pasakanya humingi at yung mga

tinatanggap natin ah eto ay biyaya galing sa Diyos and we become i-stewards

yung stewards kasi mga mayayaman kasi ang sabi niya oh… ah… Sabing

ganun eh… ah… sa susunod na mga… yung sa buhay o kayo na ang

maghihirap at parang ganun (chuckles) so ngayon sinasabi ko na ang ang mga

tao na hindi sumusunod sa kalooban ng Diyos kahit na napakarami nilang pera

dahil waldas dito waldas doon hindi tumutulong sa mga pangangailangan ng

kapwa ayun paminsan nawawala yung kanilang kayamanan and then ah… dito

makikita ninyo ang mga taong tumutulong at talagang lumalago ang kanilang ah

mga…

A1: kabuhayan?

B: Ah, kabuhayan kasi ang sabi ng Diyos ay hindi Niya titigilan yung mga tao na

tumutulong para wala na silang maitulong kasi pag nagbibigay ka lalo kang

pagpapalain ng Diyos para dere-deretso ang pagkakawanggawa (chuckles) kaya

ayun ang sinasabi ko so... anong dapat nating gawin na tayo ay ah… makinig sa

salita ng Diyos at isabuhay natin ito kung sasabihin ng Panginoon na ah… mag

magbigay tayo ng kagawang-gawa, magmalasakit, tumulong sa

nangangailangan kapag ginawa natin yan tayo ay tunay na alagad ng Diyos

ayan. Kaya makita ninyo yung mga pulitiko ayan pagkikitaan ka diyan (chuckles)

meron ba tayong mapapala diyan of… pati yung sinasabi na oh… yung mga

watchers ng mga pulitiko ang sinasabi ah… one thousand kapag nanalo 2,000

ah… nanalo another 1000 yung iba nagbibigay ng 2,000 depende sa kwan… eh

ano ang ginagawa nila oh... isang… isang chairman ay isang kandidato ang

223
dami niyang kinukuhang watchers so... kasi boto din yun habang kami yung sabi

natin PPCRV nagkataon na kasama ko si ah… Dr. Belen Tangco co-chairman

din ako ng PPCRV chairman si si Dr. Belen pero yung makita na yung ano sa

amin kapag kwan ano wala talagang volunteerism wala talagang pera so kaya

ang hirap kumuha ng mga… ng mga watchers volunteers ah pero sa mga

pulitiko yung pera ang kuwan… (incomprehensible) [42:38.77] iniisip pero yung

sinasabi namin magandang tumulong, magandang maglingkod sa bayan so kahit

sa ganitong paraan maipakita natin yung atin pagmamahal sa bayan na hindi

tayo nababayaran ayan (chuckles).

A1: Next question po is is being part of the in-group like BEC shape the voting

consciousness of the whole community?

B: Oo, usually ganun ang nangyayari pero hindi natin alam kung ano yung tra-

translate sa vote so kasi kung minsan ah… ano meron ding mga power you mga

leaders ng community so wag tayo dito wag tayo dito ayun so pero normally

kapag ikaw ay naliwanagan lalo na sinabi natin pipili tayo ng mga karapat dapat

na maglingkod para sa atin kasi kapag ikaw ay nabayaran na wala nang

paglilingkod kasi bayad ka na paglilingkuran nila ang kanilang sarili ayan.

A: Brother iclarify ko lang po so ang ang difference lang po ng isang BEC

member sa non-BEC member ang BEC member po um… parang nakatatak na

po yung mga makatao yung mga principles yung apat na principles while yung

non-BEC members po parang nai-influence pa po sila ng mga money, nang mga

pulitiko pa po?

224
B: Oo. maganda kasi yung weekly usually yung word of God ay na pakikinggan

nila at nararamdaman nila.

A1: Next question po, are the BEC members more inclined to vote for a

senatorial candidate who display a Christian-like character or not?

B: Shempre (chuckles) ah… so makikita na hindi naman lang Katoliko pati yung

mga taong talagang malinis... sabihin mo na lang na hindi Katoliko si Pimentel…

si Koko Pimentel Pero binoboto ng mga tao kasi yung father niya ay malinis ang

kanyang pamilya ang kanyang ano… ganun din so sabihin natin na isa sa mga

kwan natin na hindi gaanong ah… kwan sa as Catholic si Villar so… andami

niyang tinulungan na mahihirap yung pag kwan niya ng mga livelihood oh kaya

nakakatakat din sa mga kwan so… ah syempre si Grace Poe (chuckles). So

shempre yung father niya yan ang basehan ni yung father niya ang daming

tinulungan mga simpleng tao ang tumulong so yung track record, pamilya,

parents ayan ang mga tinitingnan so yun ang sinasabi ko na sa kanila so

napakaimportante na um… dapat wag ipagbili ang ating boto, kilatisin natin ang

pagkatao syempre kasama rin yung kakayanan.

A1: Next po, what do you think are the different projects and programs that the

Santisimo Rosario Basic Ecclesial Community utilizes and implements that can

influence the voting preference of their members who are also registered voters?

B: Shempre, unang-una yung… yung gospel values (chuckles) so yung gospel

values so… isa sa mga importante doon ay yung the sense of goodness, sense

of justice… oo… na napakalakas nang dating so… at ang sinasabi nga natin na

yung pagbabago yung PCP II at eto na yung nakikilahok tayo sa mga ah…

225
political exercises kasi yung iba wala naman akong pwedeng iboto hindi na ako

boboto. Yung sinasabi ko sa kanila na kapag hindi ka bumoto favor yan sa

kalaban (chuckles) kasi ito na yung ginagawa ng iba may ibang style na

nagbibigay yung family kunyari oposisyon ka, sabihin nating kontrahera so…

aalamin yun nang kwan kung ilan ang botante sabihin natin ito 10000 whole sale

ang paghingi, vote buying 10,000 yung pamilya mo huwag na bumoto (chuckles).

Oo yan na daw ang [...] [47:56.59] eh narinig ko na meron ng ganong mga

strategy ang mga pulitiko pero ang sabi ko sa kanila meron pa ring nagsasabi na

ano… yung vote buying ay pera rin natin yan pag kinuha natin hindi naman

alam kung sino ang iboboto natin so tanggapin ang pera, iboto ang ayon sa

konsensya sabi ko hindi maganda yun (chuckles) eh kasi yung… wala ring ano

yung konsensya mo oh nagda-dalawang kuwan na alam mo mali yun gamitin mo

pa so... eh ayon that ini-strengthen natin yung sense of goodness na mamimili

sila kung ano ang tama at iwasan yung masama kasi kapag kinuha mo yung

pera kokonsensyahin ka ginamit ka rin (chuckles) nagpagamit ka.

A1: Um, next question po is what do you think are the different projects and

programs that the Santisimo Rosario Basic Ecclesial Community utilizes and

implements that can influence the voting preference of their members who are

also registered voters? You may state the significant ones only.

B: Hm… Ang mga mahalaga na pinapakita namin dito ay yung value formation

so every meeting may sa gospel nagshe-share sila ng life experiences nila

Tapos binibigyan ko ng diin kasi ako yung umiikot ng buong kuwan eh… uhh…

Monday to Sunday hehe sana makapunta kayo mamayang gabi…

226
A: Yes… um…

A1: may klase po kasi kami ng 6 to 9 eh.

B: eight o'clock tamang-tama pa naman dito

A1: Ah…

B: Oo, so one… one one Monday mag magkuwan kayo so kasi dito yung grupo

ng ng kuwan eh… ah… meron kaming kunware first Monday sa ibang bahay

2nd Monday sa another bahay…

A1: Ah, fellowship?

B: Oo fellow bahay ganun, ayun…

A: Saan po mamaya po?

B: O, third Sunday ngayon ah… dito sa G Tolentino.

A1: Ah, bahay po siya or ano?

B: Oh, bahay so usually bumabahay yung kaniyang… kasi family yun. pero yung

iba sa mga tinatawag naming… ah… Barangay Hall pero usually kapag ah…

kuwan gabi… sa bahay. So kailan kaya kayo makaka-kuwan?

A1: Kasi po yung klase namin laging gabi… ngayon po 6-9.

A: Opo, 3-9 If ever po Baka humabol na lang po mga ganun.

B: i-text ninyo ako Kung makakahabol kayo Hanapin nyo ako ah dito sa kwan ito

sa J barlin.

A1: Ah, sa Wednesday po kaya? Meron po ba?

B: Ah, kasi usually dito yung kani dito yung Monday tapos at Tuesday

Wednesday Thursday Friday oo.

A1: Depende po sa zone?

227
B: Oo.

A1: Ah, next question what are the shared norms and values formed inside the

Basic Ecclesial Community that in turn influence the voting preference of the

registered BEC members?

B: So una sabihin na natin na yung love of country kasi yun ang isa na kailangan

yung lider mo ay marunong tumulong sa kapwa marunong tumulong sa sa bayan

at uh… hindi magiging kurakot (chuckles) so yan yung kwan. Tapos yung isa pa

yung sense of justice so yung taong alam niya kung ano yung pangangailangan

at lalo na pangangailangan ng mahihirap nandyan siya para tumulong so mga

pinoprotektahan yung mga mahihina at hindi pinapatay (chuckles). yung isa pa

na nakikita ko yung tulungan… oo… ngayon yung oo… sa community kasi

kapag ah.... may tulungan kunwari oo… yung kapit-bahay niyo nasusunog, eh

sinong tutulong kung hindi mga kapitbahay rin so ganun mo makita mo na uh..

tayo tayo nagtutulungan ganun din yung mga kwan… yung mga… iboboto mo

kung hindi marunong tumulong ay baka iiwan kayo sa ere (chuckles) ayan.

A1: What are the underlying factors that affect the voting preferences of the

registered voters that are members of the Basic Ecclesial Community of

Santisimo Rosario Parish in Barangays 465-467 in Sampaloc, Manila?

B: Um, syempre yung lagi kong sinasabi yung principles ng um… makadiyos

makatao makabayan makakalikasan napakaimportante nun at yung panglima ay

maka mahirap (chuckles) tumutulong sa nmga nangangailangan.

A1: Next po, um can you give us ways on how the Santisimo Rosario Parish BEC

influence the voting preferences of the communities under its jurisdiction?

228
B: Hm… lalong-lalo na yung dito sa inyong song maraming mga lider diyan

maraming mga naging… nag-involve sa… sa… politics. ilan sa kanila ang

naging Barangay officials atsaka barangay councilors, kagawad. Yun… yung

makikita mo na syempre na influencing factor din sila sa community. So… at

dahil sila ay uh… BEC pati yung kanilang uh… council ay naiinfluence din hindi

ko alam nila. kaya yung mga council na yun medyo alerto kapag may plan hindi

pwedeng basta basta gumawa ng project na ghost project (chuckles) yung

ginagawa ng iba marami so gumagawa sila ng ano nang plan…Inilalagay na lang

budget pero sa implementation wala (chuckles).

A1: So bale more on feasibility po yung tinitignan kesa po yung ano…

B: Oo.

A1: Um, next po can you cite some differences between a BEC member and

non-BEC member on how they vote for a certain candidate?

B: Hm… eto na rin yung mga… halos pare-pareho rin eh. Yung una sasabihin

natin na… kayo magiging kritikal kayo sa mga candidate, kilalanin, kilatisin

yung kanilang pamumuhay, yung kanilang track record, um… yung ano, yung

basehan, yung kanyang concerns in terms of issues kasi napaka importante

yung issues. Lalong lalo na ngayon na ang church ay tinutuligsa ng

administration (chuckles) Kaya kailangan yung mga ating mga kuwan… leaders

ngayon, kilalanin yung mga taong karapat dapat talaga maging huwaran as

leaders and hindi nakakahiya in terms of Global Communities.

229
A1: Last question po, should the modern candidates of the Philippines also

persuade small sectors of religious sector like basic ecclesial communities for

them to win?

B: Oh, kasi sa voting, usually hindi tinitignan yung mga kwan eh… yung mga…

religion usually kasi iba yung konsepto ng mga… gamit na lang ako ng mga

kwan… na in INC… yung…

A1: block voting po?

B: ng Iglesia ni Cristo kung ano yung sinabi nila eto yung gagawin natin… so

sunod-sunuran sila air sa mga kwan sa BEC we provide them with principles…

Ano yung mga batayan nang tamang pagpili… yung Ten Commandments or

boping so pagkilatis yung ganon… so at least… makikita nila kung ano ang

pagkakaiba nang iba't ibang kandidato and then yun ang sinasabi namin on your

conscience make decision. we provide you with the principle mag-isip kayo

magnilay kayo and then you act on it.

A1: yun na po yung last question maraming salamat po.

B: Walang anuman.

INTERVIEW TRANSCRIPT 2

SANTISIMO ROSARIO PARISH GARDEN

A: Interviewer 1 - Ralph

A1: Interviewer 2 - Karen

S: Interviewee - Sr. Elvira Javier

Interview Setting: Interview conducted in the Santisimo Rosario Parish Garden,

University of Santo Tomas.

230
Date and Time: The Interview was conducted at 11:00 am, February 27, 2019 on

a Wednesday.

(Start of Interview)

S: Yung regarding voting sa senatorial ang the best na makakapag answer

niyan ay si brother Rolly ha? Explain niya yan ng mabuti ha kasi noon hindi

naman ako naka sama noon, dahil siya ang pinaka kuwan, pinaka ano namin...

pinaka leader namin diyan sa ano na yan ano nga ba ang tawag doon

(chuckles)...

A1: Thomasian?

S: Hindi hindi yung sa pagka ah… tatanong ko si brother Rolly

A1: Voter’s education?

S: Hindi. Siya ang merong name nyan kung sino yung mga participants niya na

nakuha dito diyan sa Juan Luna dito sa ano dito… dito sa P Gomez tatlong

school at Ramon Magsaysay.

A: Ah....

S: Oo siya yung magaling diyan… may tawag dun…. nakalimutan ko kung ano.

A1: Um, ask din po pala namin um sa Zone 1 po kaya Ilan po yung population

po ng BEC members?

S: Kung BEC member diyan ang zone ay nasa 100. kasi ano ah 7 ano yan eh, 7

area mula ABCDEF yan yung eto yung wala sa P Noval Eloisa G Tolentino

adelina area 1 A yan eto at yung street na to…

A1: Opo.

231
S: Kasama doon si toots hanggang dito yan sa J Barlin, Laon Laan. Oo, kahit

ako sumulat. Tapos yung area B is kung ano naman yang B na yan, dito naman

tayo magsisimula doon sa alam nyo yung may basketballan?

A1: Sa may… opo bomber’s?

A: Bomber’s po.

S: Oo bomber yan, correct. Paquita, P. Campa, P. Paredes pero ay... di between

siya ng Ai Delos Reyes tsaka Laon Laan street. Yan. 1 C ganun pa din… ah

between naman siya ng Espanya tapos ah… Ai Delos Reyes ganoon.

A1: Drinawing din po ni brother.

S: Ay eto yung ginawa ni Brother Rolly?

A1: Opo.

S: Ah oo. Ayan yung mga nasan na yun? 6 5 4... yan ang hindi niya nilagay lahat

yung mga ano-ano noh...

A: … yung mga streets?

S: Oo yung mga streets… A Mendoza… ang A Mendoza diba yung pagkatapos

nito yung… ang Laon Laan pati niyan kasi ang A Mendoza may isa pang street

dito… may isa pang street yang A Mendoza hindi namin yan nasasakupan eh.

Ang Laon Laan kung sabihin… kung anuhin namin. Ah yung dating goldilocks,

laon laan pa rin yan. Tapos yung susunod na street yun na yun yung Mendoza.

A: Ah, okay po.

S: Ganun. Meron tayong yung yung ano tawag dun… yung flower…. Eto lang

yung yung parang pader na nahiwalay nandun pa yun sa kabila pa yun malayo.

Kaya eto yung mga nasasakupan neto ng mga area-area na meron akong itong

232
zone head diyan. Zone head tapos area. Ibig sabihin... ay area pala tapos ah

area tapos unit eto yung unit. Ah, eto ang ibig sabihin ng area J Barlin, Laon

Laan…

A1: Ah yung mga streets po?

S: Area yan. Tapos eto naman unit kumbaga mga unit-unit yan P Noval, Eloisa,

G Tolentino, Adelina yung mga ganun area 1 ah eto yung kila Toots.

A1: Ah, BEC din po din ba si Toots?

S: Oo… oo. taon taon yan kasi sila diyan pag May 13 darating tayo doon

minsan… Oo, doon sa 1B kaila toots yan pupunta na tayo kaila bomber. Ai Delos

Reyes between Laon Laan naman ayan Paquita, P Campa, P Paredes bago ang

1C eto naman din Espanya between Ai Delos Reyes Eto naman din pakita ikaw

pa Di pa ready sa kabila naman yan kung baga isang ganyan mali napag

umpisahan na yan tapos etong 1 D between Ai Delos Reyes & J Barlin naman

nasa gitna siya eto kila mang tootz between Laon Laan tapos may sa gitna eto

yung napapagitnaan ng J Barlin atsaka Ai Delos Reyes susunod doon J barlin

tapos Espanya.

A: Um...

A1: Ay opo, parang hinati po siya doon sa may….

S: Tinapayan

A1: Opo, tama. yung tama po ba eto po yung Noval for example

S: Example yan yung Noval

A1: Tapos dito po yung... yung Espanya dito po nahati?

233
S: Oo, eto yung sinabi ko Espanya to tapos eto yung sa may bulaklakan tatawid

tayo doon

A1: sa may Mercury Drug po?

S: Oo, sa May Mercury Drug sa pagtawid natin kaya maano yan… tapos sakop

pa rin natin yang R Papa, Quezon Boulevard Laon Laan pa rin yan alam mo

yung kadulu-duluhan doon diba kapag pupunta tayo ng Quiapo may i-stoplight,

andun yung ano boundary nang... boundary nang ano R papa tapos liliko ka

Quezon Boulevard naman siya. Ayun pag akyat naman nang tulay yung Quezon

Boulevard naman.

A1: Ah, sa may… yung sa Recto po ba?

S: Oo papuntang Recto pero hindi natin nasasakupan sa may Central sa kabila

ah.

A1: Ah malawak din po pala.

S: Malawak oo. Tapos ngayon naman…

A1: Zone 1 pa lang po yun?

S: Zone 1 pa lang yan eto yung pinakamalaki pero iisa lang ang aming ano dito

pati ako yung may hawak nito na area coordinator kasi ako yung… yung ano

sakin ay zone head mga ganoon. Eto naman ngayon yung area 2 Santander,

Juaning, Rosarito. Diba tatawid na tayo oh ayan na sa may Laon Laan na yan,

Laon Laan muna, Navara, Alfre… ang nasasakupan nito Santander, Juaning,

Rosarito, Navarra, Alfredo, Asturias, Gelinos… Laon Laan between Dapitan

kasama lahat yan hanggang sa tatawid na Laon Laan na yun. ang ano naman

Dos Castillas, Carola, Don Quixote, Maria Cristina, Cristobal, Miguelin at

234
Prudencio. Area 3 naman mahihinto naman siya sa may Algeciras yung tulay…

yung riles ng train

A: Ah… opo.

S: Yun area 3 yun Maria Cristina, Cristobal, Dos Castillas, Carola, Don Quixote,

Miguelin, Prudencio yan ang magkakasama. Ngayon dito naman sa area 4

Dapitan between Piy Margal. Oo, dito pag ano yan...

A: Ah, sa paano na po ng Lacson?

S: Di ba nakapunta kana nang Dapitan… ay yung Suki Market, Mayon tas iikot

ngayon ng Dapitan diba? Pa-Dapitan na yan pagdating ng... kapag nakalagpas

ka doon sa riles ng train ano na yan Algeciras yun… yan eto na ngayon yun

between Piy Margal naman ah pare-parehas lang Algeciras, Prudencio,

Cristobal ganon, iisa lang din yung kanilang street pero may hangganan. Oh

ayon tapos sa area 4 naman ano naman to yung… ah Prudencio pa rin eto

naman P. Florentino area 4 M Dela Fuente, Miguelin, tapos ano pa ba yun

Cristobal... eto eto eto M. Dela Fuente to kokonti lang to kasama Cristobal eto

naman ang ano nito P. Florentino, Espanya. Oo, Espanya… Espanya yan.tapos

di ka naman sa yan kasama Algeciras, Prudencio, Cristobal, Marzan, Miguelin

tapos ang huling-huli yung napuntahan niyo na pero eto ang nasasakupan nitong

FEU na to kasama P. Noval, Extremadura, Lepanto… tapos ano pa ba yung

susunod nako nakalimutan ko na basta tatawid eh pagkatapos nung sa mga

madre Kasama pa rin yun… yung health yung center kasama yan...

A: Ah… yung Health Service?

235
S: kasama ng UST yan… malaki ang nasasakupan [kahabaan tyan?] [15:28.86]

so ang ano ng sa BEC tapos… Ano ididiretso ko na?

A: Ay may mga questions po...

S: Ay sige sige. Sige ano question niyo?

A1: Um una po, can you explain can you explain what is a basic ecclesial

community and how it became significant and influential in the contemporary

times?

S: Ah, yun kaya… yung sa… siguro sinagot na ni [...] brother Rolly yan... ang

sagot lang diyan na for every areas meron kaming Bible study... bible study

meron din kaming street mass kung tawagin namin Kalyeserye so ayun yon.

tapos pagka… kaya namin sila naeewan… naaano mainvite sila as a BEC pag

meron silang kailangang halimbawa… meron kaming gift giving meron kaming...

meron silang problema tungkol doon sa pag-aanoint sila may mga sakit BEC ang

tatawagin nila yung mga nasa area, kumbaga bago makarating sa akin sila muna

ang kakausapin ako yung maghahanap ng pari... oo basta ang kailangan namin

bible… yung may Bible kami one hour lang dapat yun… eh kaya lang si Brother

Rolly sobrang haba mag explain kaya humahaba... bible study yung gift giving

kailangan nila yan yung sa mga patay… ah magpapamisa sila sa patay kung

gusto nilang may birthday sila papabirthday sila magpapamisa sila.

A1: Bali parang po ang BEC is um... organization that connects the community

with their neighbors?

S: Oo, tama kapit-bahay… palaging kapit-bahayan. Um...

A1: Okay po, next question is what led to the creation of the Santisimo Rosario

236
Parish Basic Ecclesial Community (BEC)? Ano po yung um… nag-push po sa

mga tao sa community nabuoin po yung organization yung sa Santismo?

A: Opo.

S: Kuwan, yan kasi matagal na rin yan eh kaya lang ano talaga (chuckles)

nakakahiya oo... ang BEC depende rin sa Parish Priest off the record yan ah.

Baka ma… (chuckles). Pano mo sila maiintindihan… kagaya nung merong

kaming… isulat niyo ang pangalan ng pari kailangan ba?

A1: Pag off the record naman po hindi naman po siya sasabihin sa…

S: Nung last… ah… unang-una naming ano diyan… si Father Butch Bombase…

maano siya... ma… masigasig siya yung regarding doon sa BEC, so nagpupunta

siya ng bawat istreet at siya mismo ang nagmimisa… nagkakaroon siya ng con…

confession kumpisal ba kung sino gustong magkumpisal kagaya ng mga

matatanda pupuntahan na lang niya ganun yung ginagawa niya para lang

maenganyo niya yung BEC tapos yun nga nagBi-bible siya siya mismo yung

nagbi-bible saamin hanggang sa nasundan na naman ng nasundan kaya lang

may pari nga na ayaw niya ng ganyan siyempre parang nawalan kami ng gana

nung last… 3 years na di nga naging success… biglang nagclose tong BEC

hirap na hirap na kaming iangon lahat ng tao, nakuha na namin sila, maasaya na

biglang nawala kasi pagmagrequest sila ng patay… ganon… di pwede walang

makuha lalo na at kakausapin si Doti puro wala, walang makuha kaya

nahihirapan din ako… ako din hahanap ng pari kung sino-sino hahanapin ko

doon pa lang matagal… eh kaya lang minsan nga nakwento ko na pag bukas na

yung libing wala pa ring pari talagang nagagalit yung mga pari dahil bigla-

237
biglaan. Di ko naman masabi yung dahilan kung bakit, oh ayun ganun

ginagawa… depende sa pari yan… depende sa parish priest… yun na lang pero

off the record.

A1: Bale po parang need talaga ng suporta din ng…

S: … oo kung walang suporta… kung walang suporta talaga… kahit na nung 1st

year namin sakanya, iniivite namin siya na meron kaming parang renewal, meron

kaming party, meron kaming recollection, kami-kami lang din yung maga-ano…

hindi siya makaka-attend kaya nawalang bigla, naglaho. Ang ganda sana,

masaya… masaya talaga tsaka yung… basta pati yung matatanda nadadalaw pa

ng parish priest para ianoint siya, nawala yun pero ngayon nabuhay na naman…

di nga namin alam baka mamaya diyos ko po yung susunod na parish priest…

A: Ayaw na naman?

S: Ayaw na naman Diyos ko kaya sabi namin pano to? Inaano na rin kami…

bakit wala na namang misa, bakit wala na naman nagaano ng party? Hinahanap

na rin nila diba? Yun yon.

A1: Okay po, um… next po is what is your position in the Santisimo Rosario

Parish Basic Ecclesial Community? And explain how it affect your life?

S: Um… yung position ko is BEC… ah Area Coordinator General pagka… ako

lahat yung… ako lahat yung ng nasasakupang [...] [21:11.67] wala na… overall

ako hanggang doon ang sakop niya yung tala ikot lahat mula dito hanggang R.

Papa, iikot hanggang doon sa bago magriles ng train paikot sa P. Florentino yun

hanggang doon sa may P. Noval sa kabila, Extremaduray mga ganyan. Ibig

sabihin overall coordinator of Santisimo Rosario Parish BEC.

238
A1: Opo, pano niya po napektuhan yung life niyo?

S: Ah, nung unang una kasi… yung aming pinakapast president, si Sister Diddy

ang galing-galing niya. Lagi ako yung nakakasama tatlo kami lagi niyang pag

may mga seminar kami, merong Vicariate minis... meeting ang BEC, kami ang

lagi niyang nakakasama. Ininpluwensiyahan ako dahil ang gagaling nilang…

yung mga ibang Vicariate, ang galing ng mga nagagawa nila sa kanilang Church

kaya ang sabi sakin ni Sister Diddy nagagawa nila yun, dapat magawa rin natin

kumbaga siya yung nag…

A: Nagpush po sayo? Opo.

S: Doon ako nakakuha sakanya ng push na maging BEC tsaka magaan

parang… basta magaan talaga pati pagkuha ko ng pari na mag…

magbleblessing sa mga ganon sa mga patay-patay parang maganda dating

sakin swinerte ako isa pa may anak akong pari kaya ayun.,,

A: Ma’am siya po yung ano po… ah former President ng Parish Pastoral Council

po ba?

S: Um… ah...

A: or?

S: Yung si Sister Belen.

A: Ah si ano po… si…

S: Yung former naman si Sister Diddy.

A1: Ah... ano po yung whole name?

S: Ah, ano nga ba? Rebuko… Diddy ano alam ko Diddy… ano na nga ba tunay

na pangalan ni Sister Diddy? Basta Diddy Rebuko lang alam ko, yun na lang.

239
Magaling silang humawak ng ano... PPC past president ng PPC, ayos na ayos

kami tapos siya pa yung pinaka ano namin sa BEC. Nakakaenganyo siya… siya

lang naman ang nagpasok sakin dito para maging BEC.

A1: Um, next po, describe the condition of Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic

Ecclesial Community (BEC) in relation to the communities especially barangays

465-467.

S: (coughs) sorry wala pa akong… (coughs) ano nga yun?

A1: Describe the condition of Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic Ecclesial

Community (BEC) in relation to the communities especially barangays 465-467.

A: Kung ano po yung nararamdaman po ng… ay ano po ang nangyayare sa BEC

ngayon kung masigla po yung ano… pag wewelcome ng mga tao around dito

po.. ah medyo naglalaho or ganun po.

S: Yung una nga ayon nga naglaho nga siya pero nalulungkot yung mga tao…

bakit hindi na kayo nagmimisa eh nagtatanong sila kung bakit daw nawala lahat.

Hindi namin masabi sa… yung dahilan yun lang yun… doon nga yun (chuckles).

Hindi namin masabi yung dahilan kasi against yun kay Parish Priest diba kung

may sasabihin kaming hindi maganda.

A: Opo.

S: Sabi ko kasi… ang dahilan pala namin… eh kasi po medyo pinalalaylow ho

muna ng… ng ano… ng arkam… ng Archdiocese ng Maynila na wala munang

street mass. Ganun muna ginagawa namin atsaka yung pagvisit-visit. Yun lang

pero sa totoo (chuckles) pero sa totoo lang siya lang may ayaw.

A: (chuckles) pero ngayon po…

240
S: Ngayon na buhay kami sayang nga. Ganda nung naging ano sigla-sigla.

A1: Bakit po ayaw ni father?

S: Eh pinalitan na. Si father Beltran.

A1: Eh bakit po ayaw nya?

S: Eh kasi ano siya eh.

A: Conservative po ba siya?

S: Conservative siya hindi daw dapat ma… sa labas magmimisa, pumunta na

lang daw dito… yun. Off the record ha?

A & A1: Opo (chuckles).

A1: Um sunod po are you aware of the parish pastoral council?

S: Panong aware kami sa Parish Pastoral Council? Pano yun?

A1: Kung ano po yung mga functions niya kung ano po yung nagiging

impluwensya sa sa inyo sa BEC members and then po sa Parish?

S: Actually dun kasi sa pastoral yung PPC na yan.. marami naman kaming

organization hindi lang BEC. Oo kasi kami kanya-kanya kami ng meeting… di

ano… pinagmeemeetingan namin yung talk… kung kabuuan nangyayare sa

organization yun lang… rinereport lang namin kapag may pera kami, kung may

nagawa kami… kung may nagawa kaming mabuti, yung mga ganon pero more

on BEC mas marami kami dahil kami yung cinoconnect ng… cinocontact ng mga

tao… ng mga BEC kapitbahayan nga namin. Kami yung tinatawagan lalo na nga

dahil sa mga patay na yan at may sakit. Tsaka isa pa kami yung choir (chuckles).

Pero ano kami… nagturo samin pero wala nagtagal. Tsaka kilala niyo si Richard

Paskoi.

241
A: Ay hindi pa po.

S: Ano siya sa Campus Ministry siya yung nagtuturo… ng every 6… 5 to 6 sila

yung mga kumakanta. Pag hindi ayos kumanta yung kanyang members… gusto

niyo ilipat ko kayo sa BEC? (chuckles) kasi kami puro kami senior, biuda, mga

ganon kumabaga nabuo kami ni Father Eugene yung unang una naming parish

priest, ang BEC choir nga pala si BEC nga pala, BEC choir. Ang BEC choir

nabuo kami Fr. Eugene Cabilleon… yan (chuckles) pero hindi kami magaling

kumanta pero marami kaming… dami kaya namin ano nag-aano sa amin turo

samin siguro baka nasa sampo na walang tumatagal… pero ngayon okay na

kami dahil nga… siguro dahil nga hindi kami magagaling… ano lang service lang

namin… serve… service lang namin na kami makakanta. Pero okay na kami

ngayon napupuri na kami...may time lang na... tinatanggap lang namin na panget

ng pagkakanta nyo… okay lang kapag maganda, thank you. Ganon, walang

magagalit kasi talaga yun yung totoo. Na hindi naman talaga kami magaling

diba? Yun lang. (chuckles) Ang daldal ko noh?

A1: Yes po, with the proliferation of the BECs in the Philippines, can you see the

advantages and disadvantages of it?

A: Sa pagdami po ng ano BEC sa Pilipinas...

S: BEC sa .. sa aming advantage ng BEC marami kaming nahihikayat na

palaging magsisimba sila… yung nakaka join sila… sila mismo yung nag…

silang kusang nagsasabi gusto ko sumali kasi maganda ang pagsasama nila yan

ganyan… tutulong kami parang nakikita nila kasi… alam mo naman yung mga

walang ginagawa sa bahay isa sa mga nagpapasaya sa buhay nila yung

242
ganun… ako matagal na sakin ganun… ah kaya nga sabi ko sa anak ko kahit

ano… pasalamat kayo sa simbahan ako napunta kung hindi ako sa simbahan

napunta baka ako’y nagasawa sabi ko sakanila (chuckles) nakahanap ako ng

boyfriend. Si Jesus na lang ang boyfriend ko.

A: Kaya nga (chuckles)

S: Ganon lang yun.Parang natutuwa sila sa amin, masigla kaming lahat, sama-

sama kami, maganda yung pagsasama ng mga BEC, yung mga choir ganyan

kasi ang mga BEC choir ay sa BEC din. Kami-kami yun kaya ginawa na… Kaya

ginawa ng ano BEC para kasama kami sa pagmimisa kami na rin ang

kumakanta nag-aasikaso ng mga bulaklak yung mga nasa area sila yung mag

aasikaso ng mga table lahat ng kailangan para sa misa ang dadalhin lang namin

maskit yuon. Mag-preprepara sila ng pagkain oo kaya minsan ano yung pakain

nila gustong-gusto naman namin. Ano pa?

A: Ma’am may disadvantage po ba yung pagiging BEC po or?

S: Ay wala... hindi… wala akong na aanong disadvantage na… ano sa BEC sa

pagjoin mo sa BEC?

A: Opo.

S: Ay wala wala… nageenjoy nga tong mga sumasali at nageesikaso… kahit na

may fiesta fiesta na yan pagano tulong sila mga kapitbahay. sila sila yung ano

oo… natutuwa sila.

A1: ano po yung um... yung sa Santo Domingo Church po ba ang sakop lang

niya is after po ng Algeciras diba po hanggang Algeciras lang yun?

S: Hindi meron pa tayong Calamba.

243
A1: Ay Calamba.

S: Oo.

A1: After po nun Santo Domingo barangay na yung sako or meron pa pong iba

simbahan?

S: Meron pang isang… Ano ba yun ah NS… ano ba to basta merong ano…

parang tatlo pa bago maging Santo Domingo kasi Quezon City na yun.

A1: pwede po bang nahihirapan yung um… Kunwari po yung mga nakatira po

doon sa jurisdiction na yun sa gitna po sila nang Santisimo Rosario Parish tapos

yung isa... isa pong simbahan…

S: Calamaba?

A1: Opo, hindi po sila na parang san ako pupunta kay Santisimo Rosario ba o

kay ganon...

S: Ah hindi, ganito yan minsan kasi pag gusto nila sa… pero more on UST sila

kahit malapit sila doon pero yung talagang talagang malapit na malapit doon,

doon lang sila nagsisimba pero may time na ano gusto dito sa UST kasi aircon

daw.

A & A1: (chuckles together)

A1: Oo nga po eh kahit po yung parents ko…

S: kahit malayo diba?

A1: Opo.

S: Yung iba galing pa ng Espanya tapos sabi ko oh… minsan [...] [31.48.13]

aanuhin mo san kayo galing eh sa Espanya po kami nakadorm. Ah sa Espanya.

Sisimba po kayo dito? Oo… bakit ho… Kasi aircon dito. Sabi ko pati ba naman

244
kayo nagrereklamo meron kasi… sa totoo lang may tanong gusto nila yung

maganda magsermon. May isa lang pari silang kinaiinisan…

A: Dito po?

S: Yung matanda si Father Rivera minsan maganda siya maghomily…

A1: Yun po ba yung 30 minutes na mass? Pag 6 am po? (chuckles)

S: Oo, magaling siya mag homily magaling talaga pero pag mainit yung tuktok

niya talaga namang kakaligtan… kagaya nung Sunday nagwala na naman…\

A1: Ay ganon po?

S: kasi yung choir sa totoo lang dapat ang choir… ang kakantahin ng choir

dapat yung alam ng mga tao.

A: Opo.

S: Para hindi parang nakatanga yung mga tao ganyan lang.

A1: Opo.

S: Kagaya… ngayon nagalit si Father Rivera dahil yung papuri iba yung tono

nila…

A: Ah…

S: Hindi ngayon masundan ng mga tao nakatangang ganyan wala pa kaming…

A: Visual aid…

S: Oo, ang dami dami nga namang projector eh walang…. hindi bukas so hindi

maganda diba ngayon yun nagdire-diretso na ngayon yung diba merong chalice

na ganyan meron yung parang platito yung ganun nakalagay dapat iyon meron

siyang malaking ostiya na…

A: Opo.

245
S: … yung tinataas nila… consecration eh wala…

A: Ahhhh....

S: nakatakip lang tapos yung tinignan niya wala, nagwala yung ginawa niya

ngayon walang ano umiikot yung ano yung parang platito... nagwala

nagsersermon… nagsermon hanggang…

A1: Habang nagmimisa?

A: Hala.

S: Oo, nagalit siya yun ang…

A: chuckles

A1: Sino po ba yung nagaayos nun?

A: Diba may mga…

S: Yung mga sakristan pati yung mga nasalikod, yan yun.

A1: Ang magaling po si father ca…

S: Father Gatela? Catela.

A1: Parang sa gabi po siya.

S: Oo, konti lang ang sinabi niya pero nandoon lahat, galing. Si Father Cabading.

A1: Ayun si Father Cabading po.

S: Magagaling silang lahat pero si Father Rivera Magaling talaga wag lang

[totoyoin?] [34.08.65]

A & A1: (chuckles)

A1: Next question po, what do you think are the social doctrines that the

Santisimo Rosario Parish continuously teaches that can inspire the Basic

Ecclesial Community members in their choice of vote?

246
S: Nako, hindi ko ata masasagot yan.

A1: Okay lang po.

S: Si Brother Rolly pagtanungin niyo.

A1: Um, as the church of the poor, will these BECs be significant in relation to the

vote of choice for Filipinos?

S: For Filipinos…. (chuckles) wag na di ko alam.

A1: Okay po. Um...

S: Dapat pala Caritas ang tanungin mo diyan… poor yan eh poor. Si Brother

Rolly kaya niyang sagutin yan kasi nagaano siya sa mga church of the poor para

mga… regarding doon sa mga ano diba… Syempre kapag may pera… kaya…

sa mga tao alam mo na. Oo, tapos?

A1: Um, next po do you think that by being a part of the Basic Ecclesial

Community or the so called in group, it can heavily contribute to the voting

preference of a registered voter?

A: Kapag kunwari po parte po kayo ng BEC pwede po ba yun makakunwari…

makahubog ng voting preference.

S: Ginagawa yan dito nang iba kami ang kakausapin pinagbabawal ng tao yan.

kapag sa… atsaka kapag may occasion dito hindi kami ng huhumbida ng mga

candidato.

A: Ah opo.

S: Kahit ano… sino nagprepreach dito hindi namin iniinbitahan.

A: Pwede po ba nating ah sabihin po na kahit hindi po natin kunwari ah…

ginagawa talaga yun pwedeng baka, para sa mga BEC member na parang

247
kunwari sinusundan din po yung parang ah kingly, ah priestly, and prophetic na

characteristics, pwede po ba yun kunwari ah dapat gusto yung um… senator na

tumatakbo maging parang Christianlike… ganun po ba yun?

S: Christianlike… oo.

A1: Parang po ano po yung values na tinuturo sa BEC is parang yun yung

hinahanap niyo sa isang pong kandidato. Hindi po o kanya-kanyang po kayong

perception?

A: Ah iba iba po.

S: Yun yung inaano saamin eh… hindi kami pwedeng umano sa ganun lalo mga

… kaya lang sila papayag pag araw lang… pag aano ng kandidatura. In the

beginning hindi kami nakiano sa mga ganyan… sa mga ganyan.

A1: Pero nagkakaroon po ba kayo ng parang um... voter’s education na parang

sabihin po sa members ninyo na yung iboboto natin ay dapat sinusunod yung

kung ano yung mga… turo ng... sa simbahan sa Diyos?

S: Oo, yung iba inaanuhan naman namin sinasabi namin sa kanila pero hindi

namin masyadong inoopen.

A: Ahhh…

A1: Ah okay po. Hindi po masyadong nafofocus or nadeedeep inside.

S: Kahit sa bible hindi... Ayon nagbi-bible pagka gabi-gabi ma… kung anong oras

yung Bible… every area mayroon silang Bible.

A1: Next po is, do you think implementing the voter’s education is one of the

most significant projects of the church in the modern times?

A: Yung pag ano po sa voter’s education po, hindi naman po...

248
S: Basta sa… basta sa mga tungkol sa ganyan wala kaming ganyan.

A: Ah okay po.

S: Ewan ko lang si Brother Rolly kasi siya yung laging umaattend sa mga ano

eh… sa mga…

A1: Sa mga social works po?

S: Oo.

A1: Okay po, sige po. Um, next po is what do you think are the different factors

that affect the voting preferences of a BEC member aside from the BEC? Bali po

parang bukod po sa pagiging BEC members ano pa po sa tingin niyo yung

makakaapekto sa um… boto niyo. Kunware po um… yung economic status po,

yung experiences niyo po sa buhay gusto niyo po dahil… um taga Maynila po

kayo ganun… kasi po… other factors po.

S: sa akin... Parang ang ibig mong sabihin kung ano yung nagiging epekto nang

ibang BEC… Pano pano?

A1: Ay ano po. Parang ano pa po yung kinukunsidera ninyo sa isang kandidato

Ano po yung mga katangian ganun?

A: Factors po.

S: Kasi ang talagang napapaguusapan lang namin yung iboboto pa ba natin

yung mga ganon ba…

A: Ah…

S: … yung mga siraan kagaya nga ni Duter… Duterte nga medyo nilalabanan

tayo tsaka marami siyang sinasabi. Oh yung iba naman di naman lahat kami

249
ah… ano yung… galit kay Duterte yung iba naman gusto naman nila. Hindi pare-

pareho.

A: Ah…

S: Hindi lahat na [win?] [39:36.32]

A1: Oo nga po eh.

S: Diba? Nakakainis.

A1: Pero po pag kayo lang po… kung hindi po as individual lang po kayo boboto

parang… without considering being a BEC ano po yung hinahanap niyo sa isang

kandidato?

S: Syempre yung mapapagkatiwalaan… eh lahat naman sila di mo

mapapagkatiwalaan eh...

A & A1: (chuckles)

S: … kaya nakakatamad diba? Kahit na kamag-anak mo ganun din ah…

kandidato hindi sila ayos pag nandyan na sila, corrupt na silang lahat walang

hindi.

A1: tinitignan nyo din po ba yung um... boto nung… mga iboboto ng kapamilya

niyo parang po… parang… ako po yung kapatid ko po iboboto niyo si ganito…

ah sa tingin ko parang ganyan po yun…

S: Oo, parang ganun.

A1: Ah tinitignan din niyo po?

S: Tinitignan ko rin, oo.

250
A1: Um next po is will it be beneficial for voters to attend voter’s education

conducted by the Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic Ecclesial Community (BEC)?

And how will it affect the BEC to how they vote?

S: (chuckles) ayaw ko na, kasi baka mamaya magkaroon ng…

A1: Okay lang po (chuckle). In your own opinion, is politics really mired by

religion in the Philippines?

A: Kung ano po, yung politika po ba natin… parang yung religion po, yung mga

Roman Catholic lahat po ng ibang religion nakakaapekto po ba sa pulitika

natin… kahit or...

S: Oo naman. Kasi ano yan eh… katulad ng Iglesia mga ganun kanya-kanya sila

ng secto... sekta pala.

A1: Opo, next po is there a difference between how a BEC member votes this

upcoming 2019 Senatorial elections with the non-BEC member? Will they look

for certain characteristics or attitudes possessed by a certain candidate or not?

Bali po parang sa tingin nyo po ba iba yung preferencia o yung gusto ng pag…

ng isang BEC member isang non-BEC member? Parang po… iba po ba yung

perspective nilang dalawa sa pagboto ganun po.

S: Oo. Kasi kumbaga kaniya-kaniya silang opinyon ng… magiging ano nila. Kasi

hindi mo rin masasagot kung ano yung sa kabila ano masasagot dito. Ako

kagaya ko… syempre may iba nakong… opinyon doon sa mga kandidato kaya

hindi pare-pareho.

A1: Um, next po um, what do you think are the different projects and programs

that the Santisimo Rosario Basic Ecclesial Community utilizes and implements

251
that can influence the voting preferences of their members who are also

registered voters? You may state the significant ones only. So ano daw po yung

mga proyekto ng BEC na sa tingin nyo po na nakakaimpluwensya voting

preference ng BEC. Meron po ba kayong mga projects na… kunyare po sa

Santisimo Rosario um, nagkakaroon po kayo ng Fellowship ganun po. Um,

meron po ba kayong napag-uusapan na parang about the social issues… opo.

S: Napaguusapan din yan pero hindi talagang tutok napapagusapan. Kapag

meron kaming…

A1: Meeting?

S: Meeting, oo meeting. Tsaka hindi sa lahat… hindi yung lahat sa PPC mga

ganon. Sana kasi… hindi kasi inaallow dito na pinaguusapan.

A: Ah, okay po.

S: Kahit yung mga pari, nahihiya. Merong mga pari na depende sa kanila hindi

lahat. Pero sa BEC hindi namin pinaguusapan, kahit sa PPC wala.

A1: Diba po sa… kunyari po yung iba pong members ng BEC ay members din

ng ibang organization paano po kapag magkakaroon kayo ng meeting, hindi po

ba kayo nagkakalito-lito kung ano po yung role nila?

S: (chuckles) parang ganon. Yun nga kagaya ko ilan yung organization ko apat.

Lahat sa apat na yan officer ako.

A & A1: (chuckles)

S: Syempre kung saan yung talagang… ano ba doon ako tumututok pero

nakikijoin naman ako sakanila… pa ano ano ako sakanila… ganun lang ang

252
nangyayare yung iba naman sabihin namin lahat ng uniform susuotin namin

pagka ano…

A & A1: (chuckles)

S: tatanggalin na lang… oo halos lahat… kami kami pa rin eh… kami kami pa rin

yun pero mas maano ang matatag talaga samin na talagang sama-sama. Yang

CWL…

A: Catholic Women’s League.

S: Kahit ibang organisasyon sila, yun pa rin ang uniform nila hindi sila… parang

alam mo ba yung parang nandodoon lang sila masabi lang na nasa foundation

sila kaya ganun… kami hindi, kagaya ko, ano ako yung greeters and collectors,

kolektora ako pero ako yung pinaka head ng BEC kahit pano… binibigyan ko din

yun ng… ano din yun ng… kahalagan rin yung greeters yung collectora ako.

A: Ah…

S: … para ma… masabi ba din sakin ng aking presidente na nakikiisa din ako

para sakanila. Ganoon. Eh ang dami din naming ano eh... organization.

A & A1: (chuckles)

S: Niloloko ako… sa posisyon lang lagi naman, sumama ka naman kaw naman

ganyan ganito officer ka. Oo nga eh… kasi naman eh.

A & A1: (chuckles)

S: Mahirap… mahirap talaga eh sabi nga ng anak ko hindi lang naman sa UST

sila nangyayari lahat ng simabahan ganyan ang nangyayare. Lahat ng ano

sinasalihan pero mas gusto ko… dito ako sa BEC tsaka sa collectora. Pero kasi

meron naman akong isa yung foundation… may foundation kasi kami... meron

253
kaming binibigay na allowance sa mga bata labing-dalawa na bata… alaga

namin.

A1: Dito lang po sa community?

S: Sa community lang ng ano ha… ng area ng UST. Ang high school namin

bigay namin 1000 ang elementary 500 ganon, ay oo ganon 500. Ilan pa ba yan?

A1: Next question po, what are the shared norms and values formed inside the

Basic Ecclesial Community that in turn influence the voting preferences of the

registered BEC members?

A: Ano po yung kunyare po… um… diba ang BEC po kapitbahayan, ano po yung

mga values po na kunyare nung sinabi po kasi ni Brother Rolly noon maka-

kalikasan, maka-Diyos, makabayan, makatao yung mga values daw po.

S: Yung mga values na ano.

A: Opo. Ano pa po yung mga… mga iba pa pong values na…

S: Ayan, ayan yung napagusapan namin niyan…

A: Yung makabayan po?

S: Makabayan talaga. Maka… kaya nga tawag kapit bahayan, nasa ano namin

yun.

A1: Part din po kasi sa thesis namin yung isa po naming theory which is yung

altruistic voting behavior po ang ibig sabihin po nun ay parang tinitignan niyo po

yung polisiya o yung mga projects po ng isang kandidato dahil sa tingin niyo po

kapag ang siya ang nanalo yung um mga proyekto po niya ay makakabenefit sa

community. Bale po ba tinitignan niyo din po ba yung plataporma ng kandidato?

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S: Ng isang kandidato? Oo, tinitignan din namin. Eh kaya lang minsan nakaka…

nakakadismaya… anong tawag mo doon nakakadismaya?

A: Opo.

S: Dahil gawa ng… kaya mo siya binoto ang ganda-ganda ng plataporma niya at

pag nanalo siya hindi naman nagagawa may nagagawa pero hindi lahat ng

sinabi niya. Kagaya nga yung kahapon nagkaroon kami ng Senior Citizen

Meeting…

A: Opo.

S: Dahil nga daw nung… ininvite kami ni Erika, yung anak ni Joseph. Ang ganda

ng ano niya… ng plataporma niya…

A: Ah si Ejercito po ba?

A1: Ah opo.

S: Oo, Erika Ejercito. Eh senior kam, ngayon ang ganda ng… meron siyang

diniscuss na… yung tungkol sa ano… pag siya yung naluklok ah… yung senior

citizen na pag 100 years ka na makakatangap ka ng 100,000.

A1: Nasa batas po yun eh.

S: Nasa batas na to, okay makakakuha ka din sa… sa national at kay Mayor so

magiging 200. Ngayon diba... bihira lang nakakarating ng 100…

A: Opo.

S: So yung ano ni Erika sisimulan sa 71 parang installment. Una muna ibibigay

sayo yung 25 kapag 82 ka na ibibigay ulet yung 25 so 50.

A: Ah…

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S: Mahihinto na ngayon dyan yung… yung installment pag naging 100 ka na

tsaka ibibigay yung 50. Ang tanong ko sakanila sabi ko ibig mo sabihin kapag

naluklok lang si Erika tsaka magkakaroon ng batas na ganyan? Paguusapan pa

raw. Ibig sabihin… pano kapag natalo? Hindi na maoopen yan nandito na lang

tayo sa national.

A: Ah, okay po.

A1: Tsaka san din siya kukuha ng ganung pera?

S: Yun na nga ang sabi namin san siya kukuha ng pondo para ibigay dito yung

25 25. Di nila masagot. Yun lang.

A: Ano po ba yung tinatakbo niya? Mayor po ba?

S: Consehal yata… oo consehal oo. Diba yun yung inanuhan namin kaya sabi ko

yun nga tinatanong ako ng ano meron daw pala akong nahahawakan. Tapos

sinabi ng chairman na ako yung pinakaano ng… ano ng UST. Gusto nila

magsalita… ay hindi po kami tumatangap ng ganyan. Pupunta daw si Erika at

kakausapin kaming BEC sabi ko hindi po.

A: Ah okay po, tama naman.

S: Para ma ano… yun lang pa… pero madami siyang binibigay na proyekto

magaganda pero pano kapag matalo, matutuloy, yun ang hindi nila masagot.

A1: Ah, bale po parang tinitignan niyo din po yung kalagayan ng mga kasama

niyo?

S: Oo ganon.

A1: Last question po, should the modern candidates of the Philippines also

persuade small sects of religious sector like basic ecclesial communities for them

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to win? Parang ano po sa… sa ano po… sa Iglesia parang ginagawa po nila is

parang nakikipag… um… anong tawag dito usap usap po sila… yung kandidato

po nakikipagusap po sa Iglesia para magkaroon ng block votin, um sa tingin niyo

po um, kailangan din po bang gawin ng politiko na yun , um, kausapin din po

yung mga maliliit ng organisasyon ng miyembro po ng simbahan.

S: Sa simbahan… yung iba ganito talaga gusto… kamukha ko inoperan ako

kahapon , oo pero hindi ako tumawag… baka daw po… ay hindi po mapapahiya

lang tayo kasi hindi po tatangapin ng iba yung… eh ano yung kabilibilinan samin,

hindi po kami tpumapayag. Pero kapag December tumatangap kami ng bigay

nila.

A & A1: (chuckles)

S: Ano ba diyan mapapasamin dadaan lang naman samin yan kasi pamimigay

din namin sa tao pero nandon pa rin yung pangalan nila kasi naka…

nakaempake na yan na nandon na yung pangalan. Kaya ipamimigay… kaya

alam nila na galing kay… sa mga mayors.

A1: Pero po hindi po during elections?

S: Hindi during elections tuwing December lang… may… kami yung magsasabi

na kami na lang pwede niyo po kaming tulungan magbigay ng parang Christmas

gift… ayun magbibigay sila… with the pangalan nila mga…

A1: Mga nakaembroid (chuckles).

S: So ayun.

A: Sister… so ano lang po... anuhin ko lang… kaya po um, hindi po tayo nakiki

ah… nakikipag ah coordinate sa mga modern political candidates kasi po meron

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po tayong mga prinsipyo na kunwari po may mga values po sa BEC na… na

nagsasabi na huwag makikipagusap sakanila…

S: Hindi lang BEC kundi sa social agents din po. Siyempre yung mga ibang BEC

na hindi naman namin… hindi naman ano ng simbahan…

A: Under ng simbahan?

S: … nakukuha rin sila yung minsan na pumupunta saamin na… na sabi nung

ano namin baka pwedeng… sa santisimo bawal… bawala talaga. Alam mo pa

naman na yung mga pari dito suplado at masusungit #1 na yung anak ko.

A1: Ah pero nakaranas na po ba kayo sa organization na… diba po meron po

tayo mismong um, election campaign period…

S: Oo meron.

A1: Yung pre-mature po.. Yung before the period na binigay ng COMELEC, um

meron po bang instance na… na parang nagpapakita yung mga politiko dito sa

simbahan ng madalas ganun po…

S: Meron si Tricia… siya yung magooffer, magugulat na lang kami na nandiyan

siya…

A: Nandiyan siya ah…

S: Ganun sila talagang kahit hindi mo sila imbitahin or baka inimbinta sila na

hindi namin alam, magugulat na lang kami pero sasabihin ng mga pari bakit

napunta yan nandito? Sino nagpapunta sakanila? Yung ganun.

A1: Ano po sa tingin niyo yung um, kalakasan ng BEC ng Santisimo Rosario sa

iba pong BEC um sa buong Pilipinas?

A: Ano po yung nagstastand out na characteristic ng BEC ng Santisimo Rosario?

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A1: Naproyekto ninyo parang ganun?

S: Ah sa mga proyekto. Ah… ano yung maganda kapag napunta ka sa ibang

lugar tapos BEC ako.. Ay talaga ba? BEC din ako ganon. Yung nakaka [...]

ganon ganon. Lalo ang Mindanao tsaka… sakanila nagsimula. Grabeng ano

sila… napakaganda. Sabi nga ni Father, alam mo ate pagbutihin mo lang yan.

Ang sarap sa pakiramdam sa amin halos lahat nang parishioner namin, BEC na.

Tuwang-tuwa sila sa ano… Ang ganda daw ng ano… kasi yung mga sundalo

nahihikayat pumunta para hindi sila mapunta sa ibang secta… yung pari doon na

nagpupunta dito… siya yung pinaka ano ng BEC. Halos… halos lahat…

A1: Sa sundalo po siya sa military po siya sumasama po?

S: Kahit ano tinatangap nila, nakaganyan sila walang problema. Pero Muslim pa

rin sila at that time… pero uma-attend sila ng BEC. Yun yung nakakatuwa

malakas ang impluwensiya ng BEC… kami din malakas din impluwensiya namin

kaya nga lang yun yung nakakalungkot… depende yan sa parish priest pag

walang suporta, wala ka na, patay na yung… kahit saan naman diba? Pag

nawala yung presidente ng organisasyon, wala na.

A: Opo.

S: Eh ngayon masigla yung aming parish priest, ang ganda na sana biglang

mawawala. Basta malakas ang impluwensiya ng BEC, depende nga lang talaga

yun sa parish priest.

A1: Ayun na po, maraming salamat po.

S: Maraming salamat rin.

INTERVIEW TRANSCRIPT 3

259
 SANTISIMO ROSARIO PARISH GARDEN

A1 – Interviewer 1 – Ralph

A2 – Interviewer 2 – Karen

B – Interviewee – Sr. Del Badajos

Interview Setting: Interview conducted at the house of the interviewee located in

M. Dela Fuente Street, Sampaloc, Manila.

Date and Time: The Interview was conducted at 4 pm, February 27, 2019 on a

Wednesday.

(Start of Interview)

A1: Ah first question po. Can you explain what is a basic ecclesial community

and how it became significant and influential in the modern times po?

B: Ano tagalugin ko na lang.

A1: Oh sige po.

B: Kasi tagalog din ang inaral namin diyan eh.

A1: Opo

B: Oo. Ang basic. O sige. Ang basic ecclesial community isang maliit na

pulutong. Oo. ng kapitbahayan or magkakamag-anak sa… sa isang lugar sa

kanilang lugar. Oo. Nagdadamayan. Nagtutulungan. Yan yung ano niyan eh. Oo.

Tingin ko yan din binigay ni ano Rolly. Ganyan din.

A1: Opo.

B: Ganyan din.

A1: Sa English po.

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B: English. Oo… oo. Ano yun ah magpapari na dapat yun. Deacon na yun eh.

Oh sige na mamaya na.

A1: Next question po what led to the creation of the Santisimo Rosario Parish

BEC po? Paano po sya na create po? Paano nabuo?

B: Nabuo sya. Matagal na yan eh. So nabuo siya panahon pa ni Fr. Salazar.

Bishop. Si Bishop Salazar. Yung namatay na. That was sinabi ba nila yan hindi?

A1: Hindi ko lang po sure. Yung year po wala.

B: Ay year. Hindi nila inano ang year. So binuo yan ni Bishop Salazar nung

kanyang time. Anong year ba yun? That was 1993 I think. Oo so 3 years, after 3

years ng kanyang pagsusumikap. So actually, acutally ang BEC nyan ah

panahon pa ni Butch Bombase oo pero hindi masyadong…

A1: Naging…

B: Naging parang successful.

A1: Opo.

B: Oo. So parang nung dumating after Butch Bombase dumating si Father si…

Bishop Salazar. Jose Salazar so siya yung nagpa… kung baga to strengthen eh

the BEC. Oo so yun.

A1: Um, next question po, what is your position in the Santisimo Rosario Parish

Basic Ecclesial Community? Please explain how it affect your life.

B: Wow. Di ba nga di ba nga nagretire na nga ako after 15 years. Oo.

A1: Nung ano po nung naging BEC coordinator po kayo yun na lang po yung

experience nyo po.

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B: O wow (chuckles) heavy work talaga… oo kailagan tutukan yan eh… Oo kasi

may mga ano yan eh kumbaga may mga ah cell cell cell group. Oo… actually

nakabuo kami diyan ng 21 cell group eh. Hindi ba inexplain yan ni Rolly?

A2: Zone na po siya ngayon.

B: Hindi. Wala pa… may rule na yan dati yung zone na yan. Pero yung mga cell

group kasi nga maliliit na pulutong. So halimbawa sa zone 1, di ba hanggang

zone 7 sinabi yun di ba?

A1: Opo

B: So ang zone 1 mayroon 3 dati. 3 group ganyan... so 1 na lang ang existing na

buhay pa hanggang ngayon na BEC cell. Oo na andun sya sa R. Papa. Ang

zone 2 dati meron ah naging 2 nga yan eh pero wala namatay kasi. Bakit

namatay? Kasi naano siya ng mga business nakita mo sa Dapitan. Along

Dapitan. From P. Noval up to Lacson puro lahat yan business namatay ang BEC.

Oo… so no. 3 zone 3 merong 1 lang. zone 3, isa… dalawa. Isa lang… isa lang

pero nakasurvive sya ng 2 to 3 years, mga 3 years pero namatay din. Kasi alam

mo kasi ang BEC iaano ka eh, kailangan kasi ng BEC na you sustain the BEC.

You nourish the BEC. You govern the BEC. Oo. Yun ang characteristics ng BEC.

Kapag wala yun mamamatay. Oo. So tingin ko inexplain sayo ni Rolly yan eh.

A1: wala po yung cell group.

B: Oh sige. Wala. So no. 4 zone 4 zone 4. Isa. 2 dati 2. Ah zone 4 2 so 1 na lang

existing. Oo 1 na lang up to now since kailan ba yung ano ni Father James so

umalis na ang Father James is 6 years, ah Beltran is 6 years. 12… 12 and

Father Louie is 3 years, so 15 years. So buhay yun yung mga buhay pa ha. Yung

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sinasabi ko yung BEC. Zone 6 zone 6 zone 6 isa. Dati dalawa yan. Oo. So

existing pa rin yung isang yan. Oo yung 6. BEC. Zone 7 FEU and

A2: Noval.

A1: Noval. Noval po

B: Pagtawid ng ano España. That is Zone 7. Oo. Isa existing pa rin hanggang

ngayon. oo so biruin mo 15 years na buhay pa? Kasi oo kasi nga yun nga

kailangan nila ng kailangan mong isustain and inourish mo yun and kailangan ng

ang

A2: Support

B: Subaybay. Oo subaybay govern ayun. So, at saka yong yan once a week

nagkikita yang mga yan. So once a week sinabi ni ano ni Rolly. So once a week

so within the month ah ayan merong. Kailangan 1-hour lang yan for every BEC

cell dapat 1 hour. 1 hour. Kaya lang lumalampas si Rolly Kaya, kaya yung mga

nanay na gustong magluto or sa bahay nila so ganun ang nangyayari. So yung

iba talagang hindi na sisipot dahil isa’t kalahating oras, dalawang oras ay di wala

ngang magagawa yung mga nanay so ang ang ideal na oras is 1-hour lang. so

nandun na yung magrose magrorosary sila, then magbabasa ng bible then after

bible, magsi sharing muna kukuha doon sa binasang gospel. Sinabi ni Rolly yan?

A2: naranasan po nung pumunta po siya nung Friday sa FEU

B: Ayun. Kay Arce?

A2: Opo ata

B: Dun kay Arce. Yung maliit don. O so

A2: sa may tindahan po

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B: ah dun so ibig sabihin nabuhay ulit yun.

A1: Ah

B: Namatay dati yun. Nabuhay ulit. Kasi ang FEU sinira nila yun eh. So nawala.

Nag parang Ewan ko kung ano nagprotesta sila o ano. So tumayo ulit yung ano

don. So tumayo ulit tapos recently lang last year nabuhay ulit ang BEC. So

Naging 2 na ang BEC ng Zone 7. Yun. Ayan ah ang dami kong inexplain sa inyo.

So yun. So kailangan kasi within the month halimbawa bible sharing ang sunod

naman Merong namang social. Kailangan may social. Hindi pwedeng lahat lahat

ay ano

A2: religion

B: oo. May social naman. Kailangan 3 yan eh. Yung mga birthdays, yung mga o

kaya yung iba naman dadalaw sa may sakit.

A1: Opo

B: tapos ang BEC kailangan hindi sa iisang lugar lang.

A1: mm

B: oo. Yung mga among BEC members o sige dun naman tayo sa bahay.

Ganun. So lumilipat yan within the group. Kasi ang BEC ay itong kalsadang ito at

saka kabila. ganun lang kaliit. Maliit lang ang BEC. Kasi kung Malaki hindi

maaanuhan lahat. Ay paano nga ba yun? Hindi maaasikasong lahat. Parang

ganun.

A2: Para po ma focus

B: O yun. Para ma focus yuong ano yung intention ng BEC. Ano pa?

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A1: Describe the condition of Santisimo Rosario BEC in relation to the

communities especially barangays 465-467 po.

B: ano yang [ini-incolize?] mong 465 na barangay?

A2: sa Zone 1 po.

A1: sa Zone 1 po sya.

B: ah so ano ang BEC ano nga describe ano nga sabi mo?

A2: Kung ano po yung condition

A1: condition po

B: Condition ng BEC

A1: Ng Santisimo

B: ng Santisimo so sa ngayon, ano sabi ni Rolly? Still naman nabubuhay naman

di ba? So still naman pero hindi gaya nung panahon ni Father James na very

active non. Oo kasi full support noon ang pari. Kapagka full support ang pare

talagang magtratrabaho rin at gagalaw ang BEC, Ganun. So parang nabawasan

di ba, nabawasan kasi maraming namatay eh. Ibig sabihin nag fall down.

A1: yun din po ang sabi ni Ma’am Elvie na depende po sa parish priest

A2: sa parish priest kung masu sustain yung

B: Ang nangyari kasi yung sumunod sa kanya na pare napabayaan

A1: Ah

B: Napabayaan. Si Father ay wag na lang.

A1: Si Father?

B: Beltran. Oo ayaw nya kasi eh. Hindi. Not exactly ayaw nya kundi

A2: Conservative

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B: syempre ano ah matanda na sya ibig sabihin matanda na sya at tsaka meron

syang alam nyo na may bakal ang paa nya. Yung hindi sya masyadong madali

syang mapagod. Oo. So sya yung nirereklamo noon ng pag sinabi ko sa inyo

wag niyo lang iano ha

A1: Opo ma’am.

B: A ayaw niyang magmisa. Siya yung sinasabing nilang pari na ayaw nyang

mag misa sa labas. yun ang sinasabi ng taga parish. Mm. Kase yun nga

kailangan pumunta raw sa simbahan. Ganun. Yun ang ano nya dati. Pero pagka

urgent naman na kailangang kailangano o kaya mga piyesta, o kaya may mga

okasyon pumupunta. Yun. Ano pa?

A1: A ma’am tanong ko lang po kung ano ang last name ni Father James?

B: Jai ang pangalan nya ay Jaime Alamillo.

A1: Ala. Ah.

B: Jaime C. Alamillo. Jaime. Si Beltran alam nyo?

A1: Ay hindi po.

B: Franklin

A1: Ah Franklin sige

A2: Franklin?

B: Franklin Beltran.

A1: Ah Are you aware of the Parish pastoral Council? How is it related to the

BEC of Santisimo Rosario Parish?

B: A sa ngayon, wala pa kasing pareng bago pero okay naman si Father Louie.

A1: Opo

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B: A a so nag uusap na lang sila ni Rolly. Nag uusap naman sila ni Elvie tungkol

sa BEC. So okay naman sya. Ah not compared compared kay Fr. James na

Jaime. James kasi palayaw nya eh na mas concern si Jaime. Dati kumbaga

kalahati lang.

A1: Opo

B: Oo, yung isa, yung dating ano, kasi tinuloy nya eh. Tinuloy nya yung ginawa ni

Bishop dati. Tinuloy nya so nag nagboom ang BEC. Tap ang nangyari kasi kaya

nagboom yan si si Bishop Pabillo, si Bishop Pabillo talagang nagpunta kasi maka

BEC yun eh. Si ano Auxillary Bishop Pabillo

A2: Mm

B: Ay di nyo alam? Eeeeee. Sorry.

A: Hahaha

B: Maka BEC yun . grabe, nagpunta dito yun so talagang buhay na buhay ang

BEC nun. Di ba sabi ko nga sa inyo umabot kami ng 22. 20 cell group

A: 21

B: 20 oo

A2: Bale po ba this year naging half na lang po yung

A1: Mas komonti po siguro

B: Malaki na nga ang binagsak eh. Mga triple. Mga triple na ang nalaglag so mas

Malaki na ang nawala. So

A2: each zone po ilan po yung compose nilang BEC member?

B: Madami. Walang ano. Ah marami halos lahat nga eh. Halos lahat ng nakatira

sa isang ng ano. Lahat yan BEC yan oo kaya lang inactive sila.

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A1: ah

B: Oo inactives. Ang gusto kasi nila kapag ka meron kang ano ngang tawag dun

ah what do you call pinamimigay

A2: Flyers po?

B: Hindi hindi pagkain. Any any any ano na

A2: Merienda

B: Basic needs

A1 & A2: Ay

B: Alam mo na kasi ang tao ngayon talagang doon sila eh, Kaya kita mo sa

politika di ba? Kapag nakarinig sila ng mga tao nandyan na sila. So ang ang mga

BEC ah parang gusto nila meron silang ma

A2: ma benefit?

B: Makinabang. Ma benefit.

A1: Mmm

B: Oo pag hindi sila makabenefit

A2: ayaw nila

B: Tamad sila. Oo pero yuong totoong BEC at alam mo na yung ah devoted and

ano sa

A2: Spiritual need

B: O yah. Oo. Sila yung nag aatend. So ayun. Ano pa dali.

A1: Ah With the with the growth of the BECs in the Philippines can you see the

advantages and di disadvantages of it po? Yung yung ah pagkadami po ng BEC

sa Pilipinas po may nakikita po ba kayong advantage po nun or disadvantage?

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B: Mas maganda ang dis Alam mo pagka yung BEC na nagtutulungan

napakalaki ng advantage nyan. Oo kasi ang BEC nga eh ano eh nagtutulungan,

nagdadamayan tapos ang BEC laging ah, ang BEC what do you call nakauga,

ang BEC kasi ay nakaugat sa salita ng Diyos eh. Saw Yan ang maganda

nakaugat sa salita ng Diyos ang BEC eh. Oo so kaya ang tawag sa BEC is

kapitbahay kapitbuhay kasi tumutulong yan. Yan ang ano nyan ha, kapitbahay

kapit buhay. Oo number 2 nak ah nakaugat sa salita ng Diyos. Number 3 ah naki

ah nakikiusyoso sa kung ano man yung problema ng kapitbahayan. Oo

nakikiusyoso yan ang BEC tapos pagka ano tutulong yan tapos Number 4 laging

nakaugnay sa malaking simbahan. Ang BEC nakaugnay dun magrereport ka

talaga sa simbahan kung ano ang ginagawa ng BEC ninyo. Ganun yun. Oo.

Hindi ba sinabi ni Rolly yan?

A2: sinabi po

B: Oh se.

A1: Ah May nakita po ba kayong disadvantage ng BEC or wala naman?

B: Disadvantage? Kung totoong Katoliko ka at naniniwala ka sa Diyos walang

disadvantage sa yo pero kung

A1: gusto lang ng benefit

B: Yes yun ang ano.

A1: ah what do you think are the social doctrines that the Santisimo Rosario

Parish continuously teaches that can inspire the BEC members in their choice of

vote? Ano po yung mga doctrina po na tinuturo po ng Santisimo Rosario na

nakakainspire po sa BEC members.

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B: Ano yun eh tinuturo ng more on salita ng Diyos eh. Tinuturo ang salita ng

Diyos.

A1: Ahm As the church of the poor, will these BECs be significant in relation to

the vote of choice for Filipinos po? Ahm Since alam po natin ma’am na ang

Pilipinas napakarami po yung mahihirap po

B: O Nasa ano

A1: Opo nasa laylayan na po ganun ng mga buhay

B: The poorest of the poor ang sila yun

A1: Opo

B: Ano

A1: Ahm nakaka yung itong BEC’s po ba nakakahubog po ba ito ng pagboto ng

mga BEC member sa upcoming elections po or sa pagboto po nila sa isang

kandidato?

B: Alam mo naman, alam mo naman pagka nasa laylayan ka talagang syempre

ang susunggaban nila yung pera eh. Oo yun

A1: Mmm

B: Oo

A1: so me pagkakunyari po sa tungkol sa pera po ang BEC po parang hindi po

wala pong hawak sa pagboto ng mga ano po ng mga miyembro nito

B: Ang totoong BEC at maka Diyos hindi yan tatanggap

A1: Opo

B: Example ako na lang yun. Hahaha

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A1: Ahm do you think that by being a part of the BEC or the so called in group, it

can heavily contribute to the voting preference of a registered voter? Pagka

kunyari ma’am parte po tayo ng BEC ah di ba may sharing po ganito ganyan

B: Sharing sharing

A1: Sa tingin nyo po ba ang BEC makakatulong po sa kunyari po paghubog nung

tao na yun sa kandidato kunyari nasabi po ni Sr. Karen na hindi po, kunyari si

ganito pong kandidato corrupt po ganyan tapos makakatulong po ba kaya yun

B: Alam mo makakatulong yun. Makakatulong. Oo kase pagka syempre di ba

nga nagsi sharing yan tapos nagku kwentuhan sila tapos nalalaman nila ang

buhay ng isang kandidato syempre kakalat na yun sa buong grupo. Yun. Oo

A1: Ah Do you think implementing voter’s education is one of the most significant

projects of the church in the modern times? Yung pag ano po ng mga voter’s

education po

A2: Para po malaman ng bawat myembro na kung sino ang mga kandidato

A1: Opo

A2: Tapos yung para po sa mas malinis na eleksyon para nagpaparticipate po

ang BEC members socially sa mga eleksyon po.

B: Ah tingin ko dapat magparticipate

A1: Opo

B: Dapat oo kasi mahirap pag yung isang tao na hindi nagpaparticipate. Sarado

ang isip nun eh

A1: Opo. What do you think are the different factors that affect the voting

preferences of a BEC member aside the BEC? Ah aside po sa BEC ano pa po

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sa tingin niyo yung mga factors na makakapag apekto dun sa ano po sa isang

tao sa pagboto niya? Kunyari po, kunyari yung nasabi niyo po pera kunyari

binibigyan po sya ng bribe

B: Oo. bribery

A2: Or pwede pong parang tinitignan nya po yung estado nya sa buhay bago po

sya bumoto

A1: Opo

A2: Kung iniisip nya po yung kapakanan ng mga kasama nya po sa buhay.

B: Sa tingin ko pagka ano yung yung totoong BEC

A1: Opo

B: yung totoong BEC hindi, hindi naman, hindi yun mahihikayat ng bribery siguro

A1: Opo

B: Oo kasi ano eh nasa sa kanila kung nagpapaliwanagan sila di ba?

Nagpapaliwanagan sige iboto mo yan tapos babawiin din nya yan.

Mangungurakot na yan di ba yung ganun? Yung mga Usapan ng mga ano BEC

oo so at least maliwanagan ang isip nung di ba kaya kung totoong BEC

maliliwanagan ang isip

A1: Opo. Ahm. Will it be beneficial for voters to attend voter’s education

conducted by the Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic BEC?

B: Dapat

A1: And how will it affect the BEC to how they vote?

B: Dapat mag attend. Kailangan mag attend. Kailangan.

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A1: Ahm In your own opinion, is politics really mired by religion in the

Philippines? Ah kung ang politika po ba nakakaapekto or yung religion po nakaka

apekto sa politika sa Pilipinas po.

B: ah ano ba yan?

A1: Hehehe

A2: Parang ano po, kunyari po yung dahil po Katoliko ine embody po ng isang

kato isang kandidato yung mga natutunan ko po sa Basic Ecclesial Community

para hinahanap ko po sa kandidato na yun yung mga katangian na naturo sa

akin ng BEC

A1: BEC po

A2: Kunyari po

A1: makatao

A2: BEC inaaply natin ang pagiging prophetic, kingly at prophetic. Parang gusto

po nating makita sa isang kandidato para iboto siya dapat ganun po yung mga

kinaka kinakatao. Yun nga po katangian nila.

B: katangian. Pano ba yan? Ang sa akin naman ano eh nangangako lang ang

mga yan eh. Hindi ba? Oo siguro eh kailangan ano tignan na lang ano pag

aralan na lang kanyang

A1: background

B: Yes yung ano di ba? Kasi o bulaklak lang yan ng salita nila eh. Tapos pagka

tapos nun wala na. so kailangan makita mo mismo talaga yung kanyang anong

tawag dun?

A2: Mga nagawa

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B: tsaka yung ano nya

A1: reputasyon

B: Oo oo maano kasi eh marami ngayong ano eh sinungaling

A1: Opo

B: Di ba?

A1: Is there a difference between how a BEC member votes this upcoming 2019

Senatorial elections with non-BEC members po? Will they look for certain

characteristics or attitudes possessed by a certain candidate or not? So pagka

meron po bang pagkakaiba po sa isang kunyari BEC at tsaka sa hindi BEC po sa

pagboto po?

B: Parang walang pagkakaiba yan.

A1: wala ma’am?

B: Ano sa tingin niyo? Hahahaha. Hindi kasi

A1: Depende pa rin sa tao.

B: Depende yun depende eh oo. Depende kung ano kung halimbawa yung isang

tao mulat sa katotohanan ba.

A1: Opo

B: oo na hindi siya masisilaw sa bribery ganun lang naman yun. Oo

A1: Ah What do you think are the different projects and programs that the

Santisimo Rosario BEC utilizes and implements that can influence the voting

preference of their members who are also registered voters? Ano po sa tingin

nyo po yung mga proyekto at tsaka programs po ng BEC A2: mga practices po

A1: Opo

274
B: Ako dapat si Rolly na ang sumagot nyan.

A1: Sige po.

B: Tapos na ako dyan. Si Rolly na. Masasagot yan ni Rolly

A1: Opo.

B: marami naman yun. Maraming ano. Maraming ginagawa

A1: Mga voters education po. Mga ganun.

B: Kasi si rolly anong tawag dito nagpapaseminar yan eh

A1: Ah

B: Si Rolly. Anong ngang tawag dyan sa

A2: Sya po yung contact

B: Oo

B: sa very active na naman yan. Sya na naman yung mag eexplain sa ano

A1: Opo

B: sa seminar ng sa pagboto

A: Next po What are the shared norms and values formed inside the BEC

Community that in turn influence the voting preference of the registered BEC

members? Parang kunyari po ang nasabi po ni Bro. Rolly ang values po na nafo

form sa BEC ay makatao, Maka Diyos, Maka Bayan, Maka kalikasan po. Ganun

po.

B: ay oo tama

A1: Tama

B: Tama oo kasi tingnan mo sina rolly kasama yung mga ano

A1: Mga tao

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B: mga bata nga. Mga ano ngang tawag nito youth. O kaya yung mga sacristan

A1: Opo

B: Nagtatanim sila sa sa Cavite o kaya yung yung mga may naka ready na na

punla. Dadalhin sila. Ginawa na nila yan. Oo. Binigyan sila ng ano anong tawag

dito parang allowance.

A1: Ahm next po Can you cite some differences between a BEC member and

non-BEC member po. Kunyari ano po yung ah

B: Non

A1: BEC po kunyari po kapag BEC ah po masunurin po sa ganito po sa kay

Father or wala naman pong masyadong pagkakaiba

B: Wala naman pagkakaiba. Ang the difference lang kasi, ang difference lang

mas syempre mas may alam ang BEC sa non BEC.

A1: Mm

B: Oo

A1: Last na po should the modern candidates of the Philippines also persuade

small sects of religious sector like BEC for them to win po? Sa tingin niyo po ba

yung mga kandidato po ngayon ah parang pini persuade or nanghihikayat din po

sila sa mga maliliit na sector ng religious group po na like kunyari BEC po ganun

po or dapat lahat dapat hindi ano lahat ng Pilipino in general po yung kailangan

nilang ipersuade po sa pagboto po.

B: parang hindi ko ma gets yan ah

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A2: Ah para pong ano ah para pong mas tinatarget po ng mga kandidato ung

mga organisasyon po para po syempre po na impluwensya na nila isang

miyembro parang spread nila

B: Ang ay ang BEC hindi naman ganun pero alam mo kung sino yung kinukuha

nila agad di ba? Yung El Shaddai, yung Iglesia ni Cristo

A1: Ah yung mga malalaki po.

B: di ba, di ba kasi Iglesia yung Iglesia ni Cristo pag nakuha nila yung pinaka

puno lahat yan lahat pala sila hindi sila pwede bumoto sa ano. Pag sinabi ng

pinakapuno yun ang boboto niyo. Ganun pala. So ang el Shaddai, syempre El

Shaddai sila pero ang BEC hindi hindi oo ano. Open minded ang BEC.

A: Maraming salamat po sister.

B: Walang ano man.

INTERVIEW TRANSCRIPT 4

MARYHILL SCHOOL OF THEOLOGY

A: Interviewer 1 - Ralph

A1: Interviewer 2 - Karen

R: Interviewee - Rev. Fr. Manny Gabriel

Interview Setting: Interview conducted in Maryhill School of Theology, Quezon

City

Date and Time: The Interview was conducted at 11:00 am, March 16, 2019 on a

Saturday.

(Start of Interview)

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A1: Um, first question po is what is a Basic Ecclesial Community (BEC)? And

how has it evolved until the present times in the Philippine context?

R: Okay, um… Ang basic ecclesial community is originally is the way the church

is born. From the time of the acts of apostles… ah the missionary efforts of Saint

Paul and the early apostles when they were going out they were creating

communities and shaping… thus, shaping the church to be so to speak and

these communities were sent by Christ, it centered on faith in Him, and love for

one another, witnessing what it means to be a believer in the Lord so there is an

element of coming together, sharing the resources, uh… partaking of the body

and blood of Christ uh… nourishment in the word of God so that's how it started

plus the beginning uh what do you call this… the ‘ecclesiogenesis’ it is the birth

of the church. Now, in acts towards the Church God more or less institutionalized

and in time, it has lost that kind of way of living the church, becoming a church so

in 1965, we concluded the Second Vatican Council and it brought back the

concept of being church… ah, in 1965 and Vatican II said that the Church is the

people of God, the Church is communion people participate in shaping the

church by focusing on Christ, His Word, and His Sacraments, and uh… the

Church is [breathing?] [7:05.11] people therefore it is not the structure, it is not

the building, it is not the bishop or the priest alone, it is God’s people and then

ah… 19 ah.. that's 1965 and right after 50 years ago, there were initiatives that

were undertaken how do we go about this? So to become a people of God, a

community so they started to look for a way of understanding what to be a

community means… One, it means basic maybe it must be on a neighborhood

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basis and membership is family therefore there is a communion of family and

that basic because it is the fundamental unit of being church. Namely a church

cannot be local until it rightly until it reaches the grassroots because a local

church has three levels… local church as the level of diocese which is bigger in

scope; and then you have the parish which is a little smaller in scope, and then

you have the neighborhood level that is why it is called to the local church

because you talk of concrete interaction with people within a certain boundaries

and demography that would be present. So… that’s uh... basic therefore it is a

complete system [maybe?] [8:42.06] neighbors about depends on the

compositions some neighborhood very dense area like what you have in ah… P.

Noval, you have apartment, you have… some have houses…

A1: Transients

R: … some are transients, so but the neighborhood will be the focus and

membership is by families so that’s basic ah… and then ecclesial because ah…

it is the way of being the church, it’s the way what the church wants us to be and

because it is the church we have to pursue the mission of Christ, we have to

pursue what Christ wants us to be, to love one another as He has loved us, to

fulfil the mission of being with the poor, sabi ni poor of the sick, and then the

social transformation needed in society so this is how it works.

A1: Um next question po is what led to the creation of the first ever Basic

Ecclesial Community (BEC) in the Philippines?

R: That was precisely… in [...] [9:52.92] the first ever before… before the…

before 1965, okay the term was actually basic human communities. Basic human

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communities will be the presence of the Church among indigenous peoples,

among peoples who are not Christians so basic human because what puts us

together with the… our humanity our being neighbors we are muslim i am a

christian you are lumad i am a christian what brings us together is our humanity

are common problems common needs we have our own ah… way of looking at

problems, occasions so yung basic human community before BEC came.

Second is the basic Christian community, the basic Christian community naman

uh… the focus is not on the church but on being believers of Christ and that will

include Protestants, Anglicans that will include other… other churches. And basic

human communities are among people of other faith, of definite religions ang

basic christian communities are among Christians. The terminology was used…

let’s say basic christian communities from 1968 to 1988 those were the terms

used, basic Christian communities. Then after the People Power, they used basic

ecclesial communities…

A1: Okay

R: So… it has been there with us as basic human communities then later on

christian and then now BEC so I just went through just that and how did it start

that the noted… the most famous or most noted or known process of

organization is happened in Tagum, Davao. Tagum, Davao was the uh…

because in the Maryknoll missionaries they started organizing BCC’s that time…

BCC, organizing BCC.

A1: Um next question po is describe the condition of the Basic Ecclesial

Community (BEC) in the present times.

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R: Yeah, in the… a lot, again depende yan sa situation eh. BCC... BECs are

contextual eh. BECs are contextual therefore you have to specify its particular

parish, each particular diocese, each particular locale or neighborhood so it

depends eh kasi like in a rural area, I just came from Vigan arrived last night

and I taught BCCs… BCCs in among the seminarians. Among them, those who

are living in Mountain Province, they have different BECs because they had their

indigenous people. Kalinga, Apayao, Bontoc-Lagawe, [Yangan?] [13:16] different

shape of BECs there. There are a lot of natives mostly natives and then ah… so

iba yung BEC doon so iba yung context eh. Now some of them… oh those in the

Ilocandia thus this is one region of northern Luzon you have Ilocos, Ilocos Norte,

Laoag you have Vigan, Ilocos Sur, iba yung kanilang BECs doon. May BECs

doon na very political namely they are against political dynasty. May BECs

naman na prayer group. So depende depende sa situation at saka sa context

depende sa nagorganize din kung ano yung kanyang focus.

A1: Next po is what do you think are the social doctrines that a certain parish

continuously teaches that can inspire the Basic Ecclesial Community members in

their choice of vote this coming election?

R: Well, the social documents um… well Vatican II may be number one and then

ah... another thing ah… kasi wala naman talagang selection sa ano wala

namang church documents that focus on... focus on talaga yung ah… elections

eh (chuckles). unless yung mga… ang ginagamit yung CPCP Pastoral Letters.

The CPCP Pastoral Letters are being studied but not ah… the long… the church

social teachings noh. But the in the latest was the ah... what was issued to three

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weeks ago, just last month actually the CBCP Conference, they studied that…

that’s...

A1: Um next question po is are the different projects and programs of a certain

Basic Ecclesial Community influence the voting preference of their members who

are also registered voters? Pwede po kayo mag cite ng parang example in a

certain ah...

R: No, cause hypothetical, like ah… in the sense na they can sense na it could

exist. it could exist na parang it's possible na a community has undertaken

social actio for [jeks?] [16:04] and the social action for [jeks?] [16:08] have

program, you know is ah… supported by the Congresswoman (chuckles) or the

you know the feeding program supported by the wife of the mayor… is possible

that that could exist, some programs are under the sponsorship of some

politicians and that could affect. On the other hand, some BECs are involved in

issues or certain issues mining which goes against at this is... this is true the

mining in the sea where the people are against are the politicians. Because they

pollute the… their property, sicknesses so that… it depends on the condition

ah… that for the politicians can be benevolent (chuckles) because they support

projects or they could be perpetrators of the crime sa mining ayan or another

pa… another example diocese, one parish I know him very well becasue I went

to his... in Ilocos noh… ah he attacks political dynasty... he openly attacks

political dynasty. I was there in one location the people had… ten years ago the

people had written ah.. a compact that they would not support the political

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dynasty… so it depends on the situation, it depends on the people, and it

depends on the priest.

A1: Um next question po is, are the shared norms and values formed inside the

Basic Ecclesial Community influential in shaping the voting preferences of the

registered BEC members?

R: Are the?

A1: Um are the shared norms and values formed inside the Basic Ecclesial

Community influential in shaping the voting preferences of the registered BEC

members?

R: The shared norms and values shall be provided for by the pastoral letters

noh… pastoral letters because they specify um more or less what not to vote in

the elections noh. I think the more conscientious or conscience-stricken

(chuckles)... the more conscience-stricken members would heed that the call of

the bishops, but… might some members perhaps there is no consistent or

common thing that is present when it comes to selection, each one argues

differently.

A1: Um, next question po is aside from the BEC, what are the underlying factors

that might affect the voting preferences of the registered voters that are members

of the Basic Ecclesial Community in a certain community?

R: Ah… the relationship to the local government to the barangay… it’s not much

the government per se, the barangay might carry politicians who are not in

agreement with… you know… the politicians might endorse the administration

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candidates and they don’t agree with that noh? On the other hand, the

politicians… the barangay people may be the ones using you know the election

to earn money and they are the ones for the money so BCCs generally exposed

to the corruption present at the level of the community they provide the

conscience for the community.

A1: Um next po is can you cite some differences between a BEC member and

non-BEC member on how they vote for a certain candidate?

R: I haven’t… i have not… ang again speculative lang… speculation lang to ah it

is not borne of data or facts you know… let’s suspect that um… ano ulet yung

tanong?

A1: Um ano po yung pinagkaiba ng BEC members sa non-BEC members in a

way pano sila magvote para sa isang kandidato?

R: I suspect… ang suspicion ko yung mga non-BEC members will be more prone

to lagay ah yung bilihan ng boto or vote-buying. I think yung therefore… yung

bilihan ng boto ano I was… I came from this… let’s say from Vigan my God… in

Norte and in Sur, puro mukha ni Imee Marcos… nandon lahat ng mukha ni Imee,

sana kung isa lang pero anim na…

A1: Sunod-sunod po?

R: …no anim na pinagsama tapos 100 or 200 meters meron na naman… yung

stretch na ah… 140 kilometers yun siguro sa small street nandon mukha ni Imee.

Doon sa… samahan ng mukha ni Villar, ni Bong Go, and ni Bato you know… so

and then nalaman ko I ask the… I ask the priest magkano ba ang election dito,

magkano ba yung election? Sabi ko ano ba yung preference, ano ba ang asking

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price dito? Then sagot siya 10,000 pesos. Now, whether BEC or non-BEC

that’s… you know kasi wala namang pinagusapan na ganun eh. Para bang

kasi… wala ng anong doon eh… wala ng ma… parang ba na wala ng miting de

avance, wala ng mga ganyan parang kasi it’s in the bag namumuhunan si Imee

Marcos, wala na wala ng ganon. So walang makakapasok na pulitiko doon ang

akala ata nila isang pangalan ang ilalagay nila, Marcos lang. They will not carry

the… at least dito sa kabila otso diretso… eto isa lang eh.

A1: (chuckles)

R: Para lang makapasok si Imee. This what power and money can do… Yan ang

[...] [23.51] power at money… because it is a Marcos dynasty, it is a Marcos

country therefore it is their country no one can enter and they… magbubodbod

ng pera parang bayad o balato sa kaniya.

A1: Okay po, um for the last question po should the modern candidates of the

Philippines also persuade small sects of religious sector like basic ecclesial

communities for them to win?

R: I think any… every… I think every candidate… every candidate has a right

and responsibility and obligation. First of all, to present to the population what the

problems of the country are and how they intend to resolve them… solve them.

It’s their obligation not for them to vote for them. First to educate the voting

population, that’s why I feel sorry that… that as Sarah Duterte would say na

debate is not necessary... debate is the essence of politics.

A1: True.

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R: Debate is the essence of politics with debate you are argue with principles you

see what is right and wrong, what is better or not. It… kasi ang election… kasi

ang political process ngayon is not by reasoning or ano, it is by imposition and

popularity. So wala ng debate sa senate because sa senate is majority ah…

A1: Partisan?

R: … partisan, mag ano kay Duterte, approve na lang. Hindi na pinaguusapan

ganun din sa Senate eto nga si Sotto pwede nga na… pwede naman pa anuhin

yan eh… pwede naman anuhin na lang yan eh pagusapan yan eh hindi dapat

pinauusapan yan dinedebate yan kasi batas yan eh. Law is not implemented by

ano lang eh… law is because you debate eh so ayun ang purpose ng debate.

Kaya dapat diyan talaga basically, ang purpose ng politicians is to come up with

a platform for change, a platform for ano… and present that to the people not to

get their vote and then just… and then afterward let the people opt you know… to

decide whom to vote for base on the platform but in our case hindi eh. It’s politics

of popularity, power, and money. Kumembot-kembot ka lang doon may boto ka

na, kukunin niyo sila Mocha sina ano kanta kanta hay nako may boto ka na.

Insulto sa masa yun eh, yet the masa has no choice. Sila binibigyan ng mga

politiko. Turuan ang masa na mamulat.

A1: Um bale po yun lang po yun questions po for interview.

R: Ang lupit naman ninyo.

A & A1: (chuckles)

A: Ang dami po naming natutunan. Thank you so much.

A1: Thank you po.

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R: (chuckles)

FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION

SANTISIMO ROSARIO PARISH GARDEN

A: Interviewer 1 - Ralph

A1: Interviewer 2 - Karen

BR: Participant 1 – Bro. Rolly Castro Ingaran

SC: Participant 2 – Sister Cherry Esparraguerra Baybay

SW: Participant 3 – Sister Rowena Tapeng

SE: Participant 4 – Sister Elvira Galvez Javier

SD: Participant 5 – Sister Dorina S. Mendoza

SG: Participant 6 – Sister Gloria Gavino Tierra

Interview Setting: Interview conducted in Santisimo Rosario Parish Garden,

University of Santo Tomas.

Date and Time: The Interview was conducted at 10:30 am, March 22, 2019 on a

Friday.

(Start of Interview)

A1: Um… good morning po. Um kami po sina Karen Brito tapos siya po si Ralph

Buella… um currently po, nagkakaroon po kami ng thesis or study regarding po

sa voting preferences po ng bawat basic ecclesial community member ng UST

po. Um yung gusto po naming pagaralan kung ano po yung nagiging um effect

po or contribution ng pagiging BEC member po sa decision niyo sa isang political

candidate. Ah bale ang gagawin po natin ngayon is parang simpleng kwentuhan

287
lang po ganun po. Tapos po um iikot po yung… kunyare po magtatanong po ako

tapos iikot na lang po yung sagot. Um atsaka po pala okay lang po ba

nakarecord po tayo para po… kailangan po kasi po naming itranscribe siya para

po doon sa part ng thesis.

Everyone: Okay lang.

A1: Ayun po, um, first po is maging comfortable po muna tayo sa isa’t isa.

(chuckles). Um yung pangalan na lang po muna tapos yung age tapos po yung

years po ng pagiging member po sa BEC and yung current position po sa BEC

po. Um start po tayo kay Brother Rolly.

BR: Rolando Ingaran, 55 years old na ako.at nung 12 years ko ata yung nagstart

ng BEC ngayon BEC promoter ako tsaka Co-coordinator ng Vicariate of Our

Lady of Loreto BEC.

SC: Cherry Baybay 60 years old 1985 din nagstart kami ng BEC pero nahinto

siya kasi medyo before kasi nakabilo pa ako so nagkaroon ako ng family so

binigyan ko ng atensyon yung family ko since 1995 hanggang 2018. 2019… ay

2018 nagstart ako mag ano ngayon kaya ang BEC parang putol-putol saakin

pero anyway yung […] naman ng ano andiyan na po siya… yes kasi formator

ako sa loob so I think hindi yan naalis… I think maiintidihan ko na kung ano ang

ating… (chuckles)

A1: Okay sige po si ma’am naman po.

SW: Si Sister Weng, ang BEC po sa… since 2013 ako eh more or less 6 or 7

years na rin.

A1: Um ano po yung posisyon niyo po sa BEC?

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SW: Ah saan?

A1: Sa BEC po.

SW: Member lang… plain member lang pero member kami ng Parish Biblical

Apostolate. Ah so ang main activity namin is to promote Bible-reading yun and

ah through Bibliarasal ang aming promotion. Ngayon meron kaming Bible

Congress eh… ah Bible Institute kung saan pinagaaralan namin ang libro ang

Biblia from libro ng Genesis hanggang sa libro ng Revelation.

A1: Ah si nanay.

SE: Elvie Javier, 66 years old. 23 years na ako sa BEC as a Zone Coordinator…

sa ngayon ako yung BEC Coordinator General nasasakupan ng buong UST.

A1: Ah si nanay naman.

SD: Sister Dorina Mendoza, ako ay 67.5 po na este 67.8 years na (chuckles).

Tapos hindi ko na mabilang kung kalian ako nag BEC sister… Yun lang po. Sabi

kasi ni Bro. Efren once ano, BEC ka na. Hindi naman kasi organization kasi

kundi kahit na legion of mary ka kahit ano ka, miyembro ka ng BEC. Yun yung

ano. Kaya ang tatanungin ko nga kung kalian ba dito sa under ng ating

Parokya… noon ba yun ang tinatanong kasi si sister eh nirecall niya yung sa ano

niya eh sa formator. Bata since nung may BEC anak dito nandito na ako.

BR: Yung umpisa ng BEC noon ay matatawag nating Black Rosary Federation.

Pero nung formal organization ng BEC ay dito sa ano… sa BOS (Basic

Orientation Seminar) at yun na nagkaroon na nang… grupo-grupo kung saan

bawat area ay nagbibigay ng basic orientation seminar. Yun ang naging start ng

formal BEC kasi noon hindi pa formal ang kuwan… sa uso ang tinatawag natin

289
na Black Rosary tapos nagkaroon ng Black Rosary Federation at yun ay kay

Sister Diddy. Pero formal na launching ay…

SW: 12 years ago.

BR: 12 years ago… nagkataon na ang naging nauna nun ay si Sister Del

Badajos at ah… sumunod ako kay Sister Del Badajos.

SE: Hindi kasi kami… ang nangyayare noon kasi marami kaming inaattendan na

formation ng BEC.. Oo, okay whatever.

A1: (chuckles) ah sige po next po si nanay naman po.

SG: Sister sandali lang… kung ano man yung tanong nandito anak sa likod ng

Bible yan eh. Kung kalian tinatag, yung model, at tsaka yung characteristic ng

BEC so siguro kung nakapasa kami doon eh eto na talaga ayan dito.

A: Picturan ko lang po.

SG: Oo. Eto kasi makakatulong sainyo nandito yung introduction Brother Rolly

nandito na yung sagot. Anak oh makakatulong sainyo yan. Ako nagstart ako kay

Father Butch. Okay and then the Black Rosary before kay… nagstart ako nung

high school pa lang ako part of the black ako yung ano bata pa sumusunod sa

elders. Until now, ah naging BEC nga hopefully, hindi natapos masyado. Ah kung

nasan… nasa 27 years na ako sa parokya okay? And then… and ayun excluding

pala kay Father Butch.

BR: Ang formal inauguration ng BEC satin ay under kay Father James Alamilio.

Although bago kay Father Butch nandito na ako, nagseserve na ako kasi si

Father Perez nandito na ako. Oo ayan.

SW: So next question.

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A1: So um ano naman po yung mga usually po na nagagawa sa BEC kung ano

po yung mga usually niyo pong practices kunyare po nagkakaroon po tayo ng

kalyeserye minsan, minsan po Black Rosary, minsan Station of the Cross… um

ano pa bo yung mga projects or programs niyo po bukod pa po doon?

SJ: Bible study sa mga area area. Tapos halimbawa may mga tapos every ano

ng sa may month na… magmamass doon sa buong area na yun kasi mga feast

day ni Mama Mary. And then doon sa kabila doon, fiesta naman. Kumbaga may

ano yan… may ano din ang BEC… mga BEC din ang nagaano diyan.

SD: Yung natatandaan kong pinakamagandang ginawa nating BEC is yung

census… census sa buong area na to. Yung nagikot-ikot sa mga bahay bahay.

Oo yun yung pinakamaganda. Basta naalala ko yun eh. Kaya na-aware tayo na

meron palang mga assigned persons sa different area kasi ano-ano kami pitong

area.

A: Opo.

SD: Area 1 hanggang Area 7. Kaya ayun yung naging springboard para makilala

namin yung isa’t isa kasi ano nga yung mga leader nagkikita-kita tapos through

that alam naming… aware kami sa nangyayare sa Parokya.

(Mango falls in the roof)

SD: Ganito talaga dito (chuckles). Tignan mo si Brother Rolly oh nakalong

sleeves yan. Oo ayun sister. Yun ang palagay ko magmula doon ay alam…

aware na kami kung ano ang nangyayare sa parokya. At eto naman ay

sinusuportahan naman ng lahat naman ng pari sinuportahan yung ano… diba

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Brother Rolly siyempre hindi naman natin icocompare sila sa isa’t isa kasi kanya-

kanya na talaga yung ano ng ating mga parish priest.

SG: So ayon naman sa aming maliit na grupo ah part din na kami ng pag may

namatayan ay kami ay out… meron kaming kinukuhaan kasi meron kaming

iniikot ah doon kami kumukuha at plus yung umaano kami… yung donation

among the neighborhood within our zone lang and then pag ah… pag may sakit

din na hindi kahit papano na… meron kaming damayan uh buhay man o patay.

Ganoon. (chuckles) Ayun ayun. Tapos kahit na hindi katoliko… kasi Black

Rosary before noh… we always say hindi namin inooverpass na kung gusto niyo

bang mabisita ni Mama Mary and then if not, we respect tapos at least […] pero

hindi minsan kasi… hindi yung 100 percent, but still ang ano lang naming doon

sa aming zone na kahit papaano dalawa man o tatlo kayo… huwag lang natin

um… yung ititigil may kakaka… yung mga bata ay merong nagiging karanasan

sa ganitong…yun ang aming ano.

SD: Kamukha ngayon maganda yung Station of the Cross.

SG: Yan, isa yan.

SD: Sa bawat street kasama sa proceso.

BR: Meron yung mga pastoral visit ng… ng tawag dito satin ng Cardinal at

pinadala dito saatin si Bishop Pabillo kung saan pinasok niya yung mga bahay-

bahay siyempre yun ang… lahat… nagtatanong-tanong ganon pastoral visit…

tapos ah… yung huli ay nagkaroon ng ah distribution of bibles (chuckles)

natatandaan niyo pa yun?

Everyone: Oo.

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BR: Ayan napakaganda yun… yun natatandaan ko pa kung ano yung binigay na

yun… yung bible ang title nun ay Ilaw ng Tahanan.

Everyone: Ilaw ng Tahanan.

SD: Meron pa ata ako niyan.

SW: Ako ayun pa rin gingamit ko. At doon nakita naming yung mga… mga

households kasi na… maganda kasi yung ginagawa nang simbahan ng UST pag

May, ang mga bata, may Flores de Mayo ay tinuruan magdasal ng santorosaryo

bago magalay ng bulaklak kay Mama Mary diba? So may mga nadiscover kami

na households na mas marunong magrosaryo yung anak kesa sa magulang.

A1: (chuckles) Totoo po ba?

SW: Oo, totoo yun… so ano... ah... mas… kumabaga parang walang values

formation nabubuo yung formal na ano sa mga pamilya dahil sa tangapin natin

na sa totoo lang, ang mga pamilyang mahihirap inuuna ang maghanap-buhay…

SC: Yes.

SW: So hindi sila nagkakaroon ng tamang ugnayan na ipakilala ng mga

magulang ang si yung si Hesus sa mga anak kaya ang nangyayare yung mga

anak nila natututo sa loob ng UST through yung ano… basic formation na

binibigay atsaka through the feeding program… may mga feeding program kasi

every Saturday na yung mga bata bagong pakainin ay iaano icacatechize muna.

Oo.

A1: Ay… Um bale po nabangit niyo po yung value formation… um bale po um

parang nagiging way po ang Basic Ecclesial Community para magform din ng

hindi lang po bata dahil po nasabi niyo po kanina pati din po yung mga members.

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So um satingin niyo po yung mga value formations is um talagang naaapply po

siya every day lives ganun po? Kung minsan po gagawa po kayo ng desisyon

parang iniisip niyo po na ay mas moral to kasi eto yung tinuro or naform sa BEC?

Ganun po ba? Parang naaapply niyo po siya every day?

SW: Siguro dahil kami ah… kumbaga sa kahoy babad ka eh diba… siguro I

would say yes pero kung nagsisimula ka pa lang sa… sa… sa mga activities mo

sa simbahan, maybe there are things or there are situations that will test your

ano… your… yung yung yung decision mo diba sometimes ganun nagkakaroon

ng naiimpede yung tamang decision mo sometimes especially ah we should

realize na karamihan dito sa simbahan ay mga retired, wala silang sariling

finances na hawak or kung meron man na mga nagretire na may mga hawak na

pension, most of the time they are too small, they are too… hindi… kakarampot

or it’s not enough for them for the whole family diba? Pero masasabi ko pa rin

naman na maswerte pa rin yung mga ganun nagretired kasi meron silang

inaasahang monthly pero karamihan yung umaasa lang sa ibibigay ng mga anak

pero… ewan ko lang ah… sa tingin ko lang dito sa UST marami namang ganon

pero dahil matatagal na sila nagseserve… I think ah hindi na kumbaga

unwavering na yung mga faith nila at decisions nila kumbaga nahinog na sila

eh… nahinog na sila ng ah every day spiritual formation na nakikita through BEC

through different um organizations kumbaga nahohone sila diba? Nahihinog sila

ah tumatatag yung kanilang spirituality. Yoon.

A1: Um yung iba naman po.

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BR: Siyempre yun yung goal natin eh… magkaroon sila ng development sa

growth sa kanilang faith kaya habang tumatagal, lumalalim din ang kanilang mga

values ang kanilang pakikipag-kapwa at ah napapanday sa pamagitan ng

naririnig nila sa salita ng Diyos na kung saan doon naming talagang sa um

meetings, sa bible-studies yun ang napakagandang dagdag kaalaman kasi

karaniwan, halos sabi natin wala na silang panahon pero pag ah panahon ng

kuwan, BEC meeting so yun ang panahon opportunity. Ayan.

A1: Eh si nanay Cherry naman po ano naman po masasabi niyo tungkol po doon

sa ganun.

SC: Sabi ko nga nung nasa community ako ang tawag kasi namin is Apostolate.

Tapos iassign ka sa Apostolate namin ah kasama diyan yung… yung bata yung

nanay at yung tatay. Ibig sabihin, the family ang concern as ibig sabihin na since

na part ng ano Apostolate na religious kasi yan, yun ang concern namin.

Catechizing sa mga bata then naman sa mga nanay at the same time tama yung

ano hindi marunong magdasal hindi […] atsaka may mga livelihood din na

tinatawag sila na supposed to be kasi kapag tinuruan mo sila ng ama namin then

if after walang kakainin hindi yun makikinig something ganon ang flow ng

Apostolate na tinatawag that is a part of basic ecclesial community na tinatawag

ang father naman kapag walang trabaho mayroon kaming mga program din na

na tinatag noong ang speaker namin nung dati si Bishop Bacani kasi active ako

dati sa ano ng diyan dati since kasi ako laging pinapadala si… ang inano namin

sa Father yung hanggat maari makapagbigay ng trabaho. Before kasi may

ischool kami sa… sa amin mismong school na admin… sabi ko sayo pag ano

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ikaw lahat ah magbibigay ka ng janitor, ikaw nga sa father para pag dating doon

na pag Saturday merong ano… iivaluate namin yan meron kaming once a month

evaluation kung ano na nagawa ng father tapos nakakapagdasal pa ba kasi

kaugnay ng janitor na pagiging janitor ng naibigay naming something ganon para

pag dating doon kumbaga yung… yung family hindi naman kataasan ang antas

ng kanilang pamumuhay but at least may kakainin so kapag dumating yung

tinawag namin yung bata ibig sabihin makikinig kasi may almusal.

A & A1: Um…

SC: See, ayan ang part kasi sabi ko nga eto si Bishop Bacani matindi ang sa ano

namin nun yung ano samin pati nga […] kaya kadalasan pinapafollow up samin

ang basic ecclesial community yung ganung part ng religious ano ko sainyo

sharing.

A1: Si nanay elvie naman po. (chuckles)

SW: Ang sakin naman… sa BEC ang nakakatuwa saaking ano ah yung bang

nagkakaisa yung mga magkapitbahay lalo na magkakaroon kami ng kalyeserye

doon sila nagiipon-ipon at doon sila nagsasama-sama mag Rosary na kaya

kapag nagkaroon kami ng isang street ng kalye, nandodoon na sila present eh

kapag nawawala yan at hindi kami nakakapagmisa doon hinahanap nila yun ang

aming ano… maganda… maganda talaga ang dating ng aming BEC.

A1: Si nanay po.

SD: Ano ang tanong doon?

A1: Kung yung sa values formation po… opo…

SD: Values formation.

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A1: parang naaapply niyo po ba siya kung sa araw-araw po, nagagamit niyo po

ba yung mga natutunan niyo.

SD: Community or personal ang tanong mo?

A1: Um kahit ano po.

SD: Alin sa dalawa… so siyempre ang values kasi kasama na yan sa pag

naghandle ka ng BEC at eto dapat yung matutunan ng mga leader ng itong

Parish. Kasi kapag hindi nakacentro ang values education sa ano man ang

hawak mo, tiyak na ang nangyayare eh yung sarili hindi ang collaboration kasi

kapag nabuo yung collaboration maski yung leader, ikaw gumagawa ng lahat

yung ang ano ko sa value-formation kaya talagang eto yung gusto ko magkaroon

kasi sabihin natin diba ng… umattend kami Brother Rolly kay Ma’am Belen,

tinumbok ang values education nito… nitong kelan tayo umattend? Sabi ko tama

yun na siguro ang balik… basic natin… yung balik tayo sa ABC balik na… yung

lahat ng organization ay magkaroon ng values formation kasi… although ang iba

diyan meron na sabi ko nga sainyo 10 years akong nagturo ng values eh nasa

values ako eh at malaking tulong to saakin kaya ako ay nakakapagfacilitate ng

maayos sa BEC kasi kung hindi oo nga nandito lang yun alam ko yan alam ko

pero alamin mo yung audience mo alam mo kung… kasi nakita ko kay ma’am…

tita Divilla, yun ang technique eh… kahit walo kayo alamin mo muna kung

makikinig na ba siya baka sa oras na to gutom siya pakainin muna siya. Yun

tama yun kaya saakin yun ang pinakamaganda kong deed na binigay sakin ni

Lord, 10 years ako sa science, 10 years sa values, then 10 years ulet ako sa

science. Kaya ba para bang balik ako sa hinasa ako ng Diyos sa ano… sa

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ganong formation kaya masasabi ko sainyo na iba yung mga values education

kasi dito matututo tayo ng proceso ng tao, human ang kausap natin eh minsan

kasi nalilimutan natin sa grupo kala natin kausap natin di human… ay yun ang

pinakamahalaga kasi parang nagiging selective tayo… itong magaganda eto

lang ang aking pagseservan pero pano yung mga kasama na pasaway talaga

eh… sa ating community may pasaway pero pag ayun ay (chuckles)… pero pag

ayun ang ah sa tulong ng gracia ng Diyos at ayun ay na… na ano mong di

umalis sa community dahil nararamdaman niya na may concern ang isa’t isa…

sabi nga ni jo… nito ni Glo, nung napunta na siya sa BEC natin atsaka sa PDA

sabi nga niya (chuckles) ikaw na magpatuloy… ayoko sakin mangaling.

SG: Oo nakita ko yung ah… kasi nagkakaroon kami nang pagkakataon na ilabas

ang aming hidden talent…

A1: Wow.

SG: So, it’s not dahil lang sa mga ah… within the servants dito sa… sa… meron

ding participation within the parishioners. So yung particular ko yung

naexperience namin nung Christmas Party… so we combined sa different

organization… so doon makikita mo yung ano… iba yung ako catechista ako

yung iba naman is collector yung iba naman is PDA. So we have differences, so

particular pag nagcreate ka nang programa nandoon na yung uniqueness mo

madali kang magalit, magbabackout na yung iba ganon, but we are servants so

more or less, ikaw as a servant aware ka na ‘uy eto pala yung reality and nasan

na yung aming natutuhan in the sense of eto nga… it’s about God so dito

naapply namin so we have to wait and we have to pag yung isa low na siya, ang

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gagawin namin ‘hindi kaya natin yan kahit matatanda kayo, kaya natin yan

tatalunin pa rin natin, hindi tatalunin kung hindi our motto is “to make others

happy” yun lang… yun ang ginagawa… yun… so makikita mo doon yung mga

positive and yung mga negative na mga attitudes, as a servants part of the ano…

you should live with it and you must how by putting it into action, yun lang. Okay

so…

A1: Bale po parang nagiging influence din po kayo sa bawat isa hindi lang po

doon sa labas or yung sa family niyo po sa mga bata po na nagpapa…

SC: Isabuhay ika-nga.

A1: Ah…

SJ: Kailangang maging mahaba ang pasensya mo para maging…

A1: Ay totoo po.

SC: Responsibility mo sa faith what you have dapat deep inside atsaka sa

outside makikita yan, magcocoordinate yan something ganon.

SG: Dagdag ko ah, parang it seems my only… you cannot love… ah… if you

love God, you love your neighbors, yan that’s it. Ah, ang tawag nga…

sinungaling ka pag sinabing mahal mo ang Diyos pero hindi ka marunong

makibagay sayong kapwa.

A1: Dahil po um nagkakaroon po ng influence din po sainyo… sa ibang tao um

sa labas po ng BEC um sa pagiging member niyo po may times po ban a parang

yung desisyon po ni kunyare po… for example um yung desisyon po ni Brother

Rolly pag nakita po ni Sister Cherry parang may influence din po siya sa

ginagawa ni Brother Rolly… may times po ba na ganon or kahit sainyo po na?

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SE: Merong times kaya lang minsan… siyempre minsan magbibitiw muna kami

ng mga iba’t ibang opinyon… kapag nagkaliwanagan okay na napapagkaisahan.

SC: Sa part ko naman… bilang parang bago ako sa paningin dito pero actually

sa trabaho na ganyan matagal na kasi… kumbaga dito kasi sa part ng

community nang UST… 1985 nandito na kasi ako since na alumni naman kasi

ako dito… since na sanay naman ako na ibig sabihin may… yung seniority

kararating ko lang kung ano yung desisyon nang nakakatanda saamin ay bow

something ganun mayroon ako diyan kasi kumbaga may idea ka something na

ganyan pero pagaaralan ko muna yung kanilang idea how is it ganon although I

have kasi alam ko na since naano ako ng UST. Pero since na junior… ay senior

sila in this field of community, and di ko alam ang alam nila ang part ko kasi

ganyan kaya kapag may sinasabi sila I bow… ibig sabihin… Andyan pa ako…

A1: I respect po?

SC: Res… Oo, something ganyan (chuckles) part ng pananampalataya ko yan

as Thomasian (chuckles) see…

A1: Si brother rolly naman po. Um dahil po kayo po yung co-coordinator po

parang sometimes po ba um naiinfluence din po nila kayo? Ganon.

BR: Ano… kasi may tinatawag na kailangan magadjust hindi lang sila

nagaadjust, ako din nagaadjust kaya kung yung isang lugar nag ganon ay

sabihin nila ‘brother meron po tayong pang patay’ kung san tayo ay magprapray

doon sa patay. Ohh… doon na kami pupunta so talagang ganon din.

SE: Kung sinabi na doon tayo (chuckles) pupunta tayo doon. Kung ayaw mo,

maiiwan ka.

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SD: Sister Elvie, yung natapat na pagod ka siyempre may similar activity naman

kami ni Brother Rolly every Wednesday… sabi naming pwede ba Brother Rolly

ano (chuckles) di na muna tayo magbibible-study magrorosary na lang muna

tayo. Akala nang iba tumigil kami, nag-ano lang kami, nagiinterim lang kami kung

related naman any topic eh halimbawa meron namang recollection, di na kami

dapat magBible-study ngayon, bukas naman. Nagkakaintidihan na yun.

A1: Si nanay.

SG: Um saakin, lahat naman tayo may personalities na gustong tayo pero as you

enter na sa isang community, um more or less, alam mo kung papano ka

sumunod yun ang ano… but it does not mean na sumunod ka, you cannot speak

or you cannot hear your voice ganon… napapagusapan naman yan eh ah yun

ang ano… kailangang pagusapan kailangan magkaroon ng dialogue and we

consider if lahat naman ng bawat isa saatin ay mayroong opinion and then yun…

magconsolidation ng ano… kung ano yung tama o mali mapapagusapan… ayun

lang.

A1: Sa tingin niyo po ba um parang malaki din po naging impluwensiya ni UST

po dahil po part kayo ng UST um BEC po um parang yung social doctrines po ni

um UST parang malaki din po yung impact sainyo?

SG: More or less hindi ko alam kung paano ako naging malalim ano… ah tawag

dito… ah [like ko ng OP?] na hindi ko alam kung papaano at ng ano so until now

quinequestion ko sarili ko am I… am I have the quality of being a Dominican still

nandon pa rin ako although nasa junior na ako… junior formation but still

discovery always. Merong part… meroon it… it might be a preparation for me to

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be a part of UST kasi hindi naman ako ano… ah ako ay public school from the

very beginning. Dito lang ako nagkaroon ng ano… nung naging ah… catechista

ako nung kay Father Butch na nagkaroon ng informal training doon ako nagstart

to be a Dominican. Yun lang.

SE: Hindi naman din kami makapaginvite… halika sister punta tayo doon

pinagano tayo… si sister ano nga pangalan nun yung si ano ni bomber… kapatid

ni bomber ah… si ate celly, tatawagin ka na lang basta di mo alam kung bakit ka

pupunta doon… darating daw doon yung pari para magano… wala lang ganun

lang hanggang sa nagumpisa na nga kami diba? Ganyan lang umpisa ko.

BR: Pero dito sa grupo dito sa UST nagusap-usap kami na eto yung topic natin

ah… grupo-grupo yung tao… sino yung may hawak sa bata, sino yung ganito at

ganyan… yun ang catechism sa kalsada catechismo sa kalsada kay Father

Butch yun.

SE: Kay Father Butch yun eh… tapos hanggang sa tumagal-tagal at unting-unti

nagkaroon na kami ng sigla. Nagkakaroon na po kayo ng impact. Unang-una

apat lang kami hanggang sa naging lima hanggang sa dagdag na ng dagdag.

A1: Si nanay po. Um kung ano po yung naging impact po ng social doctrines po

ng UST Santisimo po.

SC: Um ano yung naging impact sa akin ng doctrine is… since na part ng

preaching nasa field tayo ng preaching really humayo para ikalat ang mabuting

balita saan man ako mapunta naassign ako sa Bataan, naassign ako sa Samar,

kahit sa ilalim ng puno ng kahoy, I preach. I bring the gospel to the other ano ay

ibig sabihin kasi naassign kasi ako sa mga ganyang… more on sa youth kasi ako

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na assign something that… so naging leader ako may Pope John Paul II, I was

one of the leader na kami ang naging national kami dito sa CBCP, isa ako sa

ano… kaya kumbaga sakin ang pagdadala ng mabuting balita buong ano… hindi

lang buong bansa, but buong daigdig since na I am a religious missionary that is

my ano… at hindi po yun maaalis just because I am spiritually professed… kahit

hindi ako naghahabit but is still ibig sabihin ako ay ng… dumapa na rin katulad

ng mga pari… kahit saan man ako pumunta I am already professed ayun po yun

ano okay? I am sorry po doon… I am sorry po doon sa mga taong hindi pa

nakakaano… pero sabi ko hindi ko naman sinasabing ikakalat, but what I mean

ay yung aking ibig sabihin yung aking commitment kay God and covenant ko kay

God until then hindi na po yun maaalis. Okay?

SD: Diba sister di ka naman Dominican?

BR: Hindi.

SC: Somascan Missionary Sisters… ah I am one of the pioneers ng Somascan

until now ang aking community cinocoordinate pa rin ako kasi hindi na po ako

puwedeng iano… kasi diba sabi ko nga po, umano na kasi ako… dumapa na

kasi ako ng ganyan but is still a slave kasi kasama ko pairn po… Okay? Huwag

kayong malilito kasi part… nung sumulat ako kay Pope John Paul II buhay pa

siya… ibig sabihin sinabi ko siya… but is still nagpadala pa rin siya ng ano na

kahit saan kamin or which level, is still you are my daughter, ihayo mo ang

mabuting balita is still the same yun ang pinadala na sulat ni Pope John Paul.

SD: Eh sister ang tanong niya ay social doctrines, teachings, social teachings…

Malinaw na malinaw sakin kasi nga kaya nga ang anak ko Dominic eh… my son

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is Dominic. Sabi nga ni Ma’am… sabi ni Ma’am Belen magDominican ako eh

sabi ko sakanya pano nga may Dominic na ako.

Everyone: (chuckles)

SD: Yan yung sagot ko sakaniya parang kasi anak malinaw na malinaw sakin

kasi nga napakaganda nga ng spirituality ng St. Dominic eh hindi ba yun nga eh

lalo na etong nakaraang fiesta, ang sinabi ni father noon na ‘beautiful inside

beautiful outside.’ Tapos yung kung ano yung sinasabi mo yun ang ginagawa

mo, Tapos yung pangatlo yung virtues yung araw-araw gumagawa ka ng virtues

hindi vices kaya para saakin ayun ang aking nakapocus ako doon sa lahat ng

teaching natin na walang iba kung hindi ang truth naman talaga noh? Kahit na

minsan hindi naman perfect ang ating mga…maski ikaw o maski ako pero

merong binibigay sainyong ipapahayag mo ito sakanila na hindi naman sila

masasaktan eh so ayun yung aking ginagawa meron kasing mga taong na sa

kahirapan nakikita mo ng talagang hindi tama yung ginagawa pero sabi nga ni

sister Rosario saakin, ‘doing kind’ muna bago mo sila itama. Kaya madaming

pagkakataong ganun eh yung doing kind muna sister susunod tutumbukin ko na

kung ano man yung tinuturong truth. Kasi truth is love naman eh… yun doon na

lang nakabase ang lahat kaya nga ay… sabi ko nga iniisip ko minsan sana

pagpatayo ni Sto. Domingo, ni Sto. Tomas, magpagawa nga muna ako ng bahay

ko rin (chuckles). Joke ko lang naman yun. (chuckles)

SG: May bahay kasi siya dito eh.

SD: Naiintindahan naman natin yung kongregasyon noh? Pero iba kasi ang St

Dom… ang ating mga OP kasi nasa pagtuturo talaga eh kasi kung naguiguide

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ang tao sa tama kahit nagkamali yan babalik at babalik sa Panginoon yan so

ayun lang po.

SE: Kaya ako lagi… kailangan huwag ako maging masungit kamukha ng mga

Dominicano.

Everyone: (chuckles)

SE: Sabi ko sakanya, suplado… kaya sabi ko hindi ko gagayahin ugali niyo ang

susungit niyo.

SD: Kaya hindi nila naiintindihan si Father Efren kasi pag nagturo yun ayaw

talaga niya na magiingay ka gusto niyang aral lang dito.

SE: Okay lang maging stricto wag lang maging suplado… Sabi ko sa anak ko

pano kami maeenganyo sainyo kapag ganyan ka…ehh tumigil ka sabing ganyan.

Pero kung siya… kapag ako merong misa na magpapamisa akala nung mga tao

pagaari ko yung mga pari hindi… pag may mga patay, pag may mga fiesta, may

papamisa, hirap na hirap ako sabi ko brinabraso ko talaga sila, hindi naman sila

makakatangi noh?

SD: Ikaw yung gumagaw ng lahat eh.

SE: Hindi naman sila makakatangi noh… di lang ako makatangi dito iaano ko

sa… huwag mo nang iaano sa ganun hindi ka makakatangi sakin. Mawiwili sakin

mga tao. So ayun lang ang ano diyan.

Everyone: (chuckles)

SE: Malaking impact din saking ano.

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A1: Bali po um sa first phase na po yun, nakita po natin na malaki po talaga

naging influence sainyo ng Basic Ecclesial Community um doon na po tayo sa

mas malalim na activity...

SE: Baka malaman nila na suplado sila ah.

A: Ay okay lang po ioff the record na lang po.

SE: Ah…

SC: Controlled naman ng mga bata.

SW: Oo nga.

SD: Hindi naman nila ilalagay. Off the record na lang.

A1: Maganda din naman po yun para din po yung iba matutong sumunod din po.

Opo. So yun po um…

SD: Hindi kasi yung iba nakikinig.

SE: Parang hindi na kamukha ng dati na super suplado sila ngayon medyo

nagbabago na sila. Kasi siyempre may mga….

SC: Millennial na kasi sila…

A1: Millennial na po.

SE: Sana siguro napahiya na rin siguro sila.

SC: Kasi dati part ng formation talaga… naranasan ko talaga yang higpit pero

ibig sabihin ibang klaseng discipline pero when it comes to millennial, inadjust na

adjust na yung…

SG: Oo yung strategy.

SC: Tignan mo bait bait na tayo.

Everyone: (chuckles)

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A1: Ayun po pupunta na po tayo sa mas malalim um na parte po ng study which

is yung voting preference po. Nasabi po kanina na dahil po um part po kayo ng

basic ecclesial community ng UST and parang naturo din po sainyo yung mga

social doctrines din po ng simbahan um satingin niyo po um malaki din po ba

yung impact nung mga natutunan ninyo sa pagpili niyo ng isang candidato?

Parang um tinitignan niyo po dahil po sa um… dahil po… pinoposesses niya po

yung isang pagiging Dominicano, kunware po si candidate number 1 nakita niyo

po sakanya yung isang characteristic ng pagiging Dominicano o kung ano man

po yung social teachings na natutunan niyo sa UST parang nagiging parte po ba

yun ng decision niyo para iboto po siya?

SE: Ang masasabi ko lang… walang kandidato naging… ano sila sa sa

religious… Yung sa simabahan nagiging magpapakita lang sila pag time ng

kandidatura. Hindi sila… hindi bukal sa loob nila talagang ano sila sa

simbahan… wala. Ewan ko lang sainyo, ayun yung sakin.

BR: Pero yung pagpili…

SE: Yung ano…

A: Pagpili po sa isang kandidato.

SE: Papgili…

A1: Parang po nakikita niyo po kay…

SE: Si Poe… nakikita ko talaga na maganda yung ano talaga niya eh.

SD: Tulad nga nung amin, ilang taon na kami nakaupo ni Brother Rolly sa

PPCRV noh so actually ako naman eh naisasama lang kay brother Rolly pero

parang nakatulong lang ako sa Magsaysay kasi makatulong man lang ako sa

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pagbibigay ng assignment… at para mapublish ang pagreceive ng mga court

copied na kailangan mabigay… yung ang aking tulong na gusto kong ishare

sakaniya. Itong nakaraan medyo ako ay parang hirap na sabi ko aba yun palang

araw-araw na tinataas ko yun, hindi ko na pala kaya ngayon.ng umikot ng 3 rd

floor then 4th floor hanggang doon sa ano… oo kasi nga ichecheckin mo yan

sister eh at the same time, natapat kandidatura ang ating mga volunteer kaya

tatatlo lang kami atsaka yung kasama ni brother Rolly na ano, napasubo kaming

masyado nitong nakaraan, ngayon sister sa palagay ko… magkaroon tayo ng

mga volunteer na talagan maliliwanagan nila kung ano yung PPCRV. Para kung

sa ganun man, Brother Rolly, maintindihan nila yung… ang katangian nga daw

ay hindi papatay, hindi magnanakaw, hindi sinungaling kasi ve… eto yung lesson

naming noon eh… hindi ko lang dala yung note ko pero nandon…

A1: Ah clarify lang po namin, yung PPCRV po is yung Pastoral… Parish Pastoral

Council for Responsible Voting?

SC: Oo, yun ang Council ang tawag… Kasi kamukha ni sister kaya hindi, hindi

natin kasi makikilala talaga yung labingdalawa… yung pinapirmahan niyo samin,

actually hindi ko masyadong kilala talaga yang mga yan eh… si Brother Rolly

kilala niya. Pero kung… yun na nga… ang sukatan ay yung sinabi ni Brother

Rolly na hindi magnanakaw hindi papatay hindi sinungaling, ay sa palagay ko

makakapagisip ka na bahala na kung sino yung pipiliin mo doon kasi nga ang

ating layunin ng PPCRV ay CHAMP… Clean, Honest… ano nga yun brother

Rolly?

BR: Accurate

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SD: Accurate... peaceful…

BR: Meaningful

SD: … and Peaceful elections noh. So yun sister eh. Yun nga yung si tita Divilla

pa lang nagorganize dito eh noh kaya siya yung nandon eh. So siguro yung

magkaroon tayo ng isang araw ng maliliwanagan nila brother Rolly eto. Yung ang

aking ano…

BR: Voter’s Education…

SD: Para kung sakali, siguro mas marami ang magvovolunteer na ganon brother

Rolly hindi yung iba na siguro napapahiya na lang din para hindi na nagiisa si

brother Rolly doon eh ang gusto ko ngayon sister na nakikita ko na tumulong ang

mga kabataan talaga natin eh dito sila tumulong hindi yung… kaya lang sila kasi

magseserve dahil may 500 doon eh… kasi merong…

SE: Ang naaano ko sa PPCRV na yan… kawawa yung nagvovolunteer doon

wala daw pagkain eh ayun ang number 1 di siyempre kapag di ka makakakain

mahihirapan…

SC & SD: Meron naman sister.

SE: Meron? Ah yun ang sinasabi nila…

SD: Oo meron naman pero… kakaunti lang kami. Hindi namin talaga matapos

agad si Brother Rolly alam… hindi na natutulog eh ako kako hindi ko na kaya yun

hanggang 11 lang ako o 10.

BR: Kahit nga si Ma’am Belen nandon babad sa ano…

SD: Kailangan doon kasi by floor mga anim nandon na para atleast may…

mapapabilis ang mga…

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SG: Proceso…

SD: Mabilis ang pagkuha ng mga ano namin eh… kung ano dapat naming kunin

eh.

BR: Kasi kung […] to, yung mga kabataan siyempre lumaban din sila…

kandidato din, kaya mahirap kumuha ng kabataan na magvovolunteer pero…

ayan… oh tapos pag barangay wala. Kaya ngayon marami (chuckles).

SW: Kaya kumandidato sila sister eh.

BR: So kumandidato sila at dahil sa…

SD: Dahil sa volunteer, halos sila kumandidato. (chuckles)

BR: at maganda maraming anon… naging kagawad, barangay, oo ayan…

SC: Oo, ibig sabihin maganda ang influence ng ano na ganyan kasi hindi sila

magrurun kung hindi nila naiintidihan the way… diba? Kaya ibig sabihin malaki

ang influence ng something na ganyan sa atin na naumpisahan sa mga

kabataan ngayon. But since nasa akin naman, ibig sabihin kasi hiwalay ako

sakanilang kuwan… bale nasa Tagaytay kasi ako iba ang…

BR: Pag eleksyon? Na elect naman sila nationally.

SC: Oo pag eleksyon… oo ah, doon kaya ibig sabihin yung sa dito namang part,

i… di ko kasi masyadong ma ano… andun naman kasi samin… ang sakin sa

ano… yun influence kasi pag makita mo kasi sila ibig sabihin pagkilala mo alam

mo na madali mo isulat. Pero how is it yung the other… yung iba na katulad ng

mga kuwan… alam na… na may kilala ka pero alam mo na kung anong

ginagawa opkors hindi mo iboboto… ang sabi ko nga noon binangit ko na ito…

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ito lang masasabi ko… sasabihin niyo yes, close kasi saakin si… eto si… Mayor

Tolentino ah…

BR: Marcos yun.

SC: Dati kasi… ganito ang ano niyan… ay naging ninang naming yun nung kasal

namin nung husband ko December 9 kasi yun… but before that eto si Francis

Tolentino ay mayor naming kung san ako naging leader ako ng CAPUCHIN

leader ng sa… sa kay Pope Francis noon at paghiningian ko yan… Mayor

10,000 just because kailangan naming ng bus mayroon siya. Hindi mo siya

kailangan… hindi mo siya kailangan punta ka sa office, punta ka sa…

automatically yes, wala siya maraming salita… ang both sides ang kanyang

ano… kaya ineexample ko ngayon how influence ha… eh etong ang ninang

atsaka yung mga ano niya is mga madre… mga… ang binibigay ko sainyo ang

katauhan niya hindi siya din ang taong katulad ko na di gaano siyang paglider ka

sa simbahan hindi ka maraming salita ayan makikita mo sakanya nagtratrabaho

siya ng nagtratrabaho tignan mo sa mga Marikina, doon sa Tacloban, doon sa…

may salita kayo na […] wala kayo masyadong naririnig, but instead pag dating s

abaya niyan eto si manay, yung nanay niya kilala kasi namin sinasabi ko nga na

ninong namin kasi ano… pag dating niyan yung pagkain paano… kung gaano ka

simple yung dating natin diyan ganun din kasimple ang taong dadatnan mo

ganun sa bahay nila. Ayun, something ganun… yung ibig sabihin kaya tayo

magboboto, something na may makataong puso diba galing dito saatin diba?

Kaya ko hinahalimbawa sainyo just because hindi gaano siyang maraming salita.

Those people na hindi marami ang salita, ibig sabihin I think something may

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deep inside may magandang nagagawa… though hindi ko naman sinasabi kasi

lahat kasi yung iba naman nakikita kasi but tama yun… nakikita mo na

pumapatay ng tao, I think iiwas ka na diba? Yan ang tendency ng ano… na

meron tayong something na may ano tayo…

A1: Foundation po sa sarili?

SC: … something sa sarili kaya sabi ko I am agree doon sa ibig sabihin use… na

ibig sabihin ano ngayon sa foundation ng ating community mas maganda para

sakin. Kaya ang sabi ko… sabi ko hindi ko man masyadong… hindi man saakin

nanghihingi siya… at least babangitin ko siya ng babangitin kasi ganun kaganda

na pag sinabi kong noon… noong nasa ano siya nasa mayor pa kasi siya nung

sa Tagaytay mayor pupuntahan… anong kailangan niyo so mga youth yan ah…

alam naman na wala ang youth wala kailangan mo ng pasok… nandoon siya…

di siya nagsasabing di siya nagmaraming salita ba katulad nang… punta kayo

doon punta sa anong ganiyan sa opisyal na pasok…

A1: Pinagpapasa-pasahan po?

SC: Siya hindi, wala kang… kailan mo kailangan, kailan ganon, sige… oh sige go

mga ganun ba ang dating… eh eh ito based sa aking ah… experience, personal

na buhay sakaniya at since na ninong naming siya sa kasal, lalong close kasi

nung kami na… […] engineer ang husband ko since na siya ang may ano ng

project, lahat nang project sa Tagaytay kasi binibigay saamin although na

minsan hindi kami dumadaan sa mga tao, kami mismo ang nangigilag kasi ang

mga tao ayaw namin masabi saamin.

Everyone: Ahh…

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SC: Something na ganun… alang-alang sa pangalan niya. Hanggang ngayon,

until now tinatawag kami niya pero hindi namin inaabuso ang kaniyang pangalan

mas worse kapag pag senator siya, we hope… sabi we will pray, yun ang inaano

ko sakaniya, we will pray… but I will help… ibig sabihin katulad nito at least

inaano ko sakaniya ang personality niya, I think you have an idea part nang ating

pagaaralan.

A1: Si nanay naman po.

SG: Sa akin ang naanuhan ako ngayon… ah… naghahanap kasi ako ng

candidate na mostly… mga problema ngayon ay the same as problem before, so

I want a… a leader that has a prophetic mind which means nakikita na niya ang

ah… mangyayare may solusyon na ganun which is I don’t know kung saan siya

makikita so binebase ko sa the way they speak kasi hindi mo rin kahit na scripted

yan, if you have something deeper, you can seek that prophetic mind. Oh, kaya

medyo kapag ako ay nagaa… ah nakikinig ng kanilang mga discussion over the

radio or what, I really hear… hindi ko ah… especially mas maganda kasi sa radio

kasi the facial expression hindi ka madidistract… by listening to them meron ka…

there’s something which is sabi ko naman kay God sakin, Lord gusto ko na

something na hindi ko naman sinasabi na yung gugustuhin ko ay mananalo. Let

me choose the best that you have na yung prophet yung prohetic mind kasi yun

lang question eh. They have all their… yung mga knowledge that can’t be easily

done, but yung isa pa yung ano… hindi ka naman magkakaroon ng prophetic

mind in case you do not have any communication directly… personal relationship

with God that’s God-giving… ah yung binibigay niya so ayun. So more or less, it

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might be part of my being a Dominican or way of ah… yung nagaano ako ng mga

life nila… it might na epekto ako. Di na kasi ako yung committed ganito kasi

when you say prophetic, they know what to do… they know, it’s something they

have a relationship with God and deeper meaning, yun lang.

A1: Sino na po susunod ah si Brother Rolly po?

BR: Kapag pagusapan natin ang mga values, talagang pag nakikinig talaga ako

sa taong ito… magaling magsalita pero ano ang sa buhay niya kaya titignan ko

yung mga ginawa niya so yung track record kung paano siya tumulong sa mga

mahihirap kung paano siya tumulong sa mga… sabi sa mga may sakit kung

paano niya tinulungan lalong-lalo na yung pangangailangan ng bansa hindi yung

kaniyang sarili o yung kaniyang pamilya tinutulungan. Kaya doon talagang

naghahanap ako nang kanilang mga ginawa ah… yung nagpapakita na

magpapatunay sila ay merong isang salita at hindi yung mga politikang ah

politikong salita pero pinababayaan, so hanggang sa sinasabi pero wala namang

ginagawa. Kaya ngayon, marami naman akong nakikita… kaya kapag sila ay

nagsasalita tungkol sa kanilang napagdaanan na nagawa, chinecheck ko yun

kaya more of the issues paano nga ba sila tumugon sa life o sa buhay yung

question of life so ngayon paano ba sila tumugon doon sa pinangagalagaan natin

na sacredness of marriage… oh yeah… Eto ba ay divorce, but…

SW: Tama.

BR: Kasi ipinapakita ngayon yung mga kuwan eh pro-divorce…

SD: Yung mga sacraments diyan…

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BR: Oo… (chuckles) so eto na ngayon yung mga issues tungkol sa… sabihin

natin…

A1: Dealth penalty…

BR: Yung death penalty o tungkol sa same-sex marriage…

Everyone: Oo…

BR: Ayun makikita mo kung ano yung mga kuwan nila…

SC: Pananaw, yung pananaw nila.

BR: Oo, kaya kung hindi sila kuwan doon, iniiwaasan ko na hindi ko na sila

iboboto. Although sa personal, uh… hindi ako nagsasabi kasi ako’y mas…

PPCRV kasi bawal magsabi ng pangalan oo. Sasabihin mo lang yung mga

criteria, yung mga prinsipyo, kung paano uh maghanap, kung ano ang katangian

ng karapat-dapat na kandidato.

SE: Sayang magtatanong pa naman sana ako kay Brother Rolly.

Everyone: (chuckles)

SE: … kung sino ang iboboto niya. Naichecheck niya na pala yung mga kung

sino yung kandidato.

Everyone: (chuckles)

SW: Meron na pala si brother Rolly.

SE: Fumafollow na lang ako sayo kung sino na lang yung kandidatong karapat-

dapat.

SD: Kala ko… oo nga…

SE: Sabi ko bawal pala magtanong.

A1: Bawal pala (chuckles).

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BR: Yun talaga ang kuwan.

SD: Kung pwede yung huwag… huwag ka na magsabi sa mga kamag-anak mo

na ikaw ay nagPPCRV kasi baka lapitan ka eh.

SE: Sa pamilya napaguusapan yan kung sino iboboto…

SD: Oo naman…

SE: Maririnig mo sakanila yung mga… against nila mangilan-ngilan…

SC: Kaniya-kaniya yung mga opinion.

SE: Siyempre silang mga bata, alam lahat nila yan… nakikita nila sa mga…

SC: Facebook?

SE: Diba?

A1: Ah bali po parang nakakaimpluwensiya din po yung…

SE: Boto ng kabataan…

A1: Boto ng pamilya?

Everyone in unison: Oo.

SE: Atsaka hindi na rin uso yung sinabing ah liberal, liberal lahat na yun iboboto

ko kapag sinabing nacional lahat yan iboboto ko, wala na kalat-kalat na yan.

A1: Parang hindi na po kayo nagbabase sa political party?

SE: Kaya ngayon nag nangyari, kaniya-kaniya na… di ko na rin sila

pinapakialaman edi kanya-kanya kami.

Everyone: (chuckles)

SE: Kung ayaw nila saaking bobotohin, edi sakin… basta bahala sila. Puwera

lang kapag sa mga barangay-barangay, yan ang iboto mo.

Everyone: (chuckles)

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SE: Kaya ano… mommy ano na yung iboboto namin? Sabi ko ito. Sigurado ka

ba? Sure… basta iyan makakatulong saatin…

Everyone: (chuckles)

A1: Um bali po kanina ah parang nakaimpluwensiya po kung ano yung boto ng

pamilya, um bali po member po kayo ng BEC, yung members po ba, yung co-

members ninyo minsan po ba parang nakakaaffect din po ba sa voting

preferences niyo?

SE: Puwede rin, kaya lang may kanya-kanya rin. Di mo rin sila masosolid. Kanya

kanya kaming… pinag… napaguusapan lang pero wala kami sa ganyang iboboto

ko yan… boboto ko… kanya-kanya lang.

SC: Paano yan… kasi may pinaguusapan… ano yan kung iboboto mo anong

ginawa minsan iba lang… ay susuriin niyo pa din, idinidiscuss, dinidis… dalawa

kasi kami ng husband ko diyan sa bahay eh… kami lang dawala ang

nagdidiscuss din kasi mahilig kami makinig yung sa madaling… 11… 12 o’clock

ata yung discussion nila nung Sunday… may Sunday silang anong ganyan

nagaano… yun pinapakingan namin yun sa tv na ano na ganyan tapos… kahit

hindi mo piliin kahit ano… inaalam naming kung pano siya something na ganyan

discussion importante dito. Atsaka yun nga since na Catholic ano tayo, ibig

sabihin…

A1: May sinusundan tayong values?

SC: Ibabatay mo din sa church kung ano yung mga doctrines na itinuturo.

A1: Um dahil po…

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BR: Meron akong ano… experience dito kasi sa Parish, pag nagkwekwentuhan

yan ah… naglalabasan ng kuwan sinasabi iboto natin presidente… ngayon

pasok ako (chuckles). Tapos sabi ko bilang mga Kristiyano, kailangan malaman

natin ang kung sino ang dapat nating iboto, yung makaDiyos, makatao,

makabayan… Kaya sinasabi ko yan…

A1: Makakalikasan…

BR: Makakalikasan… yan ang mga kuwan ko. Kaya sabi kung alam mo yung

presiden… yung presidente ay dating pumapatay (chuckles) huwag mo na iboto.

Ay may nagalit saakin.

A1: (chuckles)

SE: Dapat magcomment ka na… kahit siya ay may…

BR: Oo nagagalit siya saakin kasi iba-iba yung opinion. Ang mga kuwan… ang

mga kuwan natin na talagang sinasabi ko kung ang tao ay pumapatay ah huwag

mo na iboto kasi… walang takot sa Diyos yan.

Everyone: (agrees in unison)

A1: Naviolate na niya yung pagiging makatao, maka-Diyos din…

BR: Oo… kaya ngayon nakikita nila kung ano nangyayare, ay nagkamali pala

ako. Narinig ko yun.

A1: (chuckles)

BR: Uh at least nakita nila, narealize nila na mali sila… (chuckles) although hindi

ako nagsasabi…

A1: Kung sinong dapat iboto…

BR: Oo.

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A1: Um…

SW: To a smaller extent, oo nakakaimpluwensiya ang Co-members but not

entirely.

SD: Kilala niyo naman si Lilian kasi ngayon eh…eh sabi ko sabi niya… Sister

Dorina sasama ako sa pagbasa kaila Mang Reyes huwebes santo, hindi

huwebes santo daw… sabi ko ikaw ba ay napunta na doon? Nagkaroon ka na ba

ng karanasan at magbasa doon. Hindi pa raw. Eh may salita akong sinabi…

sinabi ko sakanya, baka doon ka magwala. Sabi ko…

SJ: Sabi mo?

SC: Oo, sabi ko… Yung ibig sabihin ko ng magwala yan ay yung salitang… ibig

kong sabihin yung walang ano yun. Sabi ko Lord, mukhang hindi tama yung

salita kong iyon no. Parang nagagalit si Lilian eh… eh yun minsan eh saating…

yun na nga… parang sa election natin, ito na rin… parang minsan may nasasabi

kang bigla di mo naman intention… parang nasasabi mo kasi ayun eh…

pagkumakain kasi yun sa… pag siya ay inimbita naming, amoy ng amoy nang

pagkain eh nahihiya ka pag lalo’t nagsama sakanya na parang bang na ano kaya

pinapaalalahanan ko na eh sabi ko nga sakin parang galing kami dito nung isang

araw dito nila Joy, eh maganda naman ang feedback niya sa pagkain masarap

daw at malutong pa ang letson sa madaling salita, kaya niya naman palang

mag[…] Kaya parang na ano lang ako huwag lang magbawal […] na ayun ang

salita nung bandang gabi na nageexamination ako sa aking consensiya, sabi ko

mukhang di ata tama yung aking word. Minsan, meron kang nabibitawan na hindi

dapat, oo. Yun lang… (chuckles) Yun lang sinample ko lang yun.

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A1: Bale po yung mga napapagusapan sa mga projects po ganon po? Or kung

kelan lang po kayo nagkakaroon ng fellowship ganun?

SC: Minsan sa BEC.

SW: Yung schedule ng meeting… Yun ang pinaka ano… after nun fellow na

fellowship na. Kadalasan spontaneous and after meetings… tapos bonding-

bonding.

SD: Lalo na ngayon mageelection talagang bahagi nang usapan… madalas sa

meeting… sino yung kandidato sa ganito… hindi ko alam na si Tolentino pala ay

(chuckles)

SC: Ibig kong sabihin, huwag kayong magkakamali… pinapag iniimparte niya

ako ibig sabihin hindi ko kabuuan iniintroduce ko… what I mean kasi example

lang yun on how we choose a candidate kasi hindi man lahat kasi pare-pareho

kasi...

SD: Pero kasi sister kasi cinensus kasi nila, nandon lahat ng pangalan eh.

SC: Oo nga yung doon.

SD: Gusto ko nga magkakopya ako kasi pagaaralan ko ba yung pangalan na

yun. Kaya lang wala akong… nalilimutan…

A1: Um meron po tayong bukod pa po sa mga 12 na candidates. Meron po ata

tayong mga 47 na kandidato…

A: 69 po yung buo. Nakalagay po kasi sa survey 12 lang kasi nung January yun

po yung lumabas sa pulse asia.

A1: Top 12 po.

A: Pero iba-iba naman po after January.

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SC: Pero pinalabas niyo yam sa ano… sa TV… tapos yung 12 na yan pinalabas

niyo yan sa TV?

A1: Ay hindi po kami po yung kumuha.

BR: Ay hindi nila pinalabas yun kasi yun yung lumabas sa TV na mismo nung

January.

SG: Ay hindi sister, kasi etong pinasurvey nila saatin ay base lang doon sa

survey nung January kaya ayun yung lumabas sa kanilang study nung pinasagot

nila satin.

SC: Ibig kong sabihin, kasi… meron din… meron din akong ganyan… meron

ding 12 din na ganyan… ang husband ko kasi… hindi nung January pa yun, sabi

niya wala daw ganyan… akala niya ay hindi (chuckles).

A1: Meron po ngayong bago 12 pero meron pong nawala, may bago na pong top

12 opo.

BR: May mga lumutang (chuckles)

A1: May mga nangunguna po ngayon naviviolate lahat ng BEC values.

SW: Oo nga lahat ng values ng BEC.

A1: May mga kapartido nang pumapatay…

SD: Tama po.

SW: Dahil malapit na mageleksyon, magiging bahagi na ito sa usap-usapin ng

BEC.

SE: Oo nga eh sobra.

A1: Pati si Bong Go.

SC: Ay si Bong Go, ay nako.

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SG: Ang concern ko ay… it’s the new… it’s the new voters mga ano… okay lang

kung sa private school, certainly, meron silang ganyan. But in public school,

more or less, si ano 18 diba? Nasa ano niyo sila ah… year 12 ba?

A1: K-12?

SG: K-12 na diba? Nasa 18 na ayan ang nakakatakot eh, yun dapat ang ating

hawakan kasi… ah sabi nila… okay lang.

A1: Puwede na po silang bumoto.

SG: Puwe-puwede silang bumoto and then not all the schools are yung social,

yung more on… itong makamasa tinatawag so ayun dapat ang ating hawakan eh

mas marami ang youth kung compare naman saaming mga senior citizen, yun

so ayun talaga ang magdadala sa mga election so ayun dapat ang tutukan natin

sa kanila kasi minsan there are times na sige na bayaan mo na sila pero what

will be the effect sakanila in the future tayo paalis na eto papunta pa lang sila.

Yun ang concern ko, they should be educated. Youth voters of a public school

and private schools ang magdadala for the upcoming elections and they must be

educated.

A1: Um bali po um ang sabi po kanina ni Brother Rolly yung ang pagiging maka-

Diyos, maka-tao, maka-bayan sa tingin niyo po um sa darating na eleksyon

parang magiging basehan niyo na rin po ba yung um characteristics ngayon sa

pagpili ng isang kandidato. Start po tayo kay Sister Elvie.

SE: Depende pero mas maganda. For me, yes, mas makakaganda sa upcoming

elections kung meron tayong standard sa pagbili ng kandidato.

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SC: Sabi nga ni Father kanina sa kaniyang homily, etong mga batang ito

integrated kailangan iintegral… integral pala sorry… integral ang mabubuo

sakanila hindi lang magaling sa mathematics hindi lang magaling sa English

kundi yung kabuuan niya bilang tao so ganun din sa pagpili ng kandidato.

SG: Parang isang pamilya, once ang pamilya is yung di ka maka-Diyos, what will

happen sa pamilya. Makatao mismo sa loob nang bahay hindi na naano yung

pagiging isang makatao walang respeto, walang pag-galang. Yung pag patay,

yung pagdidisiplina sa anak, pano mo didisiplinahin ang anak mo, kailangan mo

ba siyang saktan o kailangan mo siyang patayin para to ruin… nainis na ako

sayo ako naman ang nagbigay ng buhay sayo then I’ll kill you which is yan ang

nangyayare ngayon kapag may problema diba? And some other factors it might

be based on the… yung… yung life ng the family that go on. Kung gusto mo

maging buo ang pamilya mo so ganun din ang ating patakaran sa pagboto…

kung anong… kung ang kandidato ay buo din ang pamilya which is until now…

kung completo pa rin yung pamilyan yun so I consider the moral value ng isang

kandidato… to keep that family yun ding ang pinaka ano din eh pero kapag may

extra-curricular you cannot serve and master two… oo, master at the same time

so you have to focus on one thing, yun lang.

A1: Um so bali po sa tingin niyo po parang yung pagiging um parte ng BEC

which is ah part of our religion ay nakakaapek din po sa politics?

SD: Malaki anak, kasi nga sabi nga naming tayo ang ano eh… tayo yung

nakikita… tayo yung pumupunta sa… kumbaga sa simbahan, tayo ang

pumupunta sakanila. Kaya kung ano man ang nakikita nila sa BEC malaki ang

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magagawa nito sa eleksyon talaga kasi kung itong mga BEC ay sila mismo ang

magvovolunteer na mag ano… mag PPCRV sa palagay ko makakatulong, may

tinig ang simbahan sa ating ano… sa eleksyon lalo na sa pulitika. Yan ang ano

ko kay Brother Rolly, kaya chinachallenge ko nga yung mga PPCRV na talagang

kung puwede ay huwag na yung kasing edad na namin huwag na kasi kami…

kami nandon lang nandon kami sa post…

SG: May wisdom atsaka may knowledge should be done.

SD: Oo, mas nakakatakbo pa sila, mas ano…

SG: Very active.

SD: Yun lang hindi naman sa ayaw natin… nandon tayo kamukha si ma’am

Belen kahit na sanay-sanay sa aircon pero nandon…

Everyone: (chuckles)

SW: Oo, believe ka sa ano…

SD: Ina… sinasabi ko lang hindi yung sa ayaw na natin na Brother Rolly hindi…

hindi… eto na siguro yung pagkakataon yung ating youth ay umano naman

pakita nila… kasi year of the youth din lang, nga pala oo nga pala… para kasi

sakanila din ito… yung gagawin naman natin… yung gagawin nating eleksyon na

ito eh.

SG: Atsaka may babalikan sila in the future, more or less karanasan is

karanasan kasi kapag di mo naranasan, you cannot say it. Ah… mas maganda

yun.

SD: Since matanda naman na ako walang pera kasi to walang bayad pero

hindi… nakikita ko eh merong gagawa at gagawa nang paraan bibigyan din sila

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ng [blessing?] nang Panginoon. Maari ngang hindi sa oras na yun pero sa

susunod na araw…

SG: Some other way or some other time.

SD: Oo… Yun lang.

BR: Narinig na ninyo ang advertisement.

A1: Hindi pa po brother.

BR: Tungkol sa pagboto na ang Panginoon ay nagpapahayag nang pagmamahal

ng libre and then… ngayon ganun din ang gagawin natin tumulong nang libre…

ang PPCRV bilang volunteer ay walang naibibigay kung hindi ang pagmamahal

ng Diyos (chuckles). Yan ang maganda. Ayun, dito naman sa politico ang mga

sinasabi ngayon ay uh 1000 pag ano… tapos pag nanalo another 1000. Ganun.

SE: With pakain pa sila.

BR: With pakain pa doon sa […] oo.

Everyone: (chuckles)

SW: Oo naman may epekto ang religion sa politics. Kung ano makikita nila sa

BEC this will translate to how they will vote. Teach the youth to be a committed

individual.

A1: Sa tingin niyo po ba um meron pa pong pinagkaiba yung pagboto ninyo as

part of Basic Ecclesial Community sa pagboto po ng ibang tao na hindi naman

part ng BEC? Una na muna po kay Brother Rolly.

BR: So eto na yung ah… hinihimok ng simbahan na ang tao dapat manindigan.

Na tayo ay ah naglilingkod sa Diyos at kung tayo ay naglilingkod sa Diyos,

kilatisin natin yung mga tao marunong magmahal sa mga mahal niya lalong-lalo

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na sa mahihirap. Kaya ang sabi nang ating Cardinal iano… si Bishop Villegas oh

dating Presidente ng CBCP ang sabi niya… bumoto tayo ng matitinong tao yung

karapat-dapat na tao, yung marunong maglingkod… ah kung hindi nagiging taksil

tayo sa Diyos yan… Nakikita nila na ettong pinalalabas na wala daw Catholic

vote, sana magkaroon tayo ng Catholic vote. At ngayon na manindigan para

magkaroon naman nang pagbabago doon naman sa mahahal nating mga

kandidato ah sila ang tutulong para sa kapakanan nang bayan.

Everyone: (chuckles)

BR: Okay. Sana nga ganun na ang mangyare magkaroon na ng Catholic vote,

makinig sa salita ng Diyos, isa puso at isa buhay at sa ating mga balota, ilagay.

SG: Yun nga yung maganda sa ating religion kasi Catholic has freedom to vote.

Unlike other religion, ayaw ko na magbangit, even their yung kanilang political

rights naiinvade unlike us we really have freedom to do it. They follow whatever it

is imposed to them but us we can choose whoever we want.

A1: Um bali po yung parang pagiging part po ng religion natin is meron tayong

freedom tapos yung iba po parang nung katulad po ni Brother… yung sinabi ni

Brother Rolly para pong may… parang prone po sila sa mga um self-interest or

self-interest driven na greed po nang mga politiko.

SG: Okay, atsaka more or less […] kung sakanila ministro ah parang yun nga

they follow whatever their minister is saying. Unlike us, nasa akin pa rin… ang

[lie?] ko is may right… kahit na you are part of the Catholic you have the right to

choose.

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A1: Um bukod po sa ah pagiging maka-Diyos, maka-tao, maka-bayan at maka-

kalikasan, um meron pa po ba kayong other factors na tinitignan sa isang

kandidato or parang kinokonsider niyo yung… ah kunyare po um kung binoto

niyo siya ganito ang magiging epekto sa kapwa ko tapos po pag kunware po um

parang ah tinitignan ko din po yung social status ko, ganun po parte po ako sa

laylayan parang iboboto ko siya dahil parang siya po yung magiging solusyon.

Ganon po ba?

SG: Basically, ang ano naman talaga satin is… basic need should be fulfilled

should be always there. Kasi nakaawa lang naman kasi sa iba na lahat sana ay

magkaroon ng trabaho merong tutulugan merong… pinakabasic yun lang ang

pinaka ano… and the rest eh it will follow lahat na, yun lang. Yung ang hindi

nangyayare satin, yun lang ang sakin. [Polish?] the education diba yan ang

pinakaano but ibang mga ano is lahat nakakapagaral like what happened to us

before may pakain pa saakin yung nutribond yuong gatas oh diba? Mayroon

pang pashoes. Ayun lahat yoon even the tooth… toothpaste we experienced it

sana ganun din yung… yung mga kabataan ngayon they really experience din

yung same thing na talagang kaya gumagana siguro ulo natin ngayon compared

to others, like yung k-12 ngayon, more on masyado silang particular sa activities

which is sakin ah… kasi naging… nagano ako sa mga ah teacher ano pa yun ah

master teacher… naaawa ako sa mga bata because of so many things na

ibinibigay samin ng DEPED nagagawin… instead na nandon kami at nagtuturo

sa mga bata at dapat yun, fold sila ah… yun ang nangyayare ngayon it should

not be yung proper education talaga wag na wag. Kaya ang mga bata natin

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ngayon sumulat, my God, it’s worse, pangit talaga even yung… yung pagbabasa

hindi nila mabasa.

SD: Sabi nga ni Brother Rolly, ay si… ni doctora mas magaling daw bumasa

yung… (chuckles)

SG: It’s true. Magaling ang Juan Luna… ah sige nagcocompare na noh? Yan isa

yan magalign talaga yung Juan Luna on the spot yun ah diba on the spot? Ayun

yun. Eh yung sa P. Gomez meron nang ano…

SE: Practice na.

SG: May practice na. Yun nga yung ano natin, the basic should be the basic.

Unlike, kami… biruin mo may koste merong parking merong sariling bahay,

diba? Yung mga patay mayroon silang mausoleum? Eh paano yung mga taong

nakagilid?

SC: Yung mga nasa laylayan…

SG: Oo, yung nasa laylayan. Supposed to be we should have the basic, basic

need should be there.

SD: Oo, mas sila ang makakapagbigay eh diba sabi sister Elvie merond aw

kalyeserye… na ang nagbigay yung talagang wala nang… yun lang ikabubuhay

niya yung kaninang nagbigay sana ishare mo yun.

SE: Oo alam mo nagpunta kami diyan… dito sa side na nito kila nanay nagmass

kami daming tao kasi piesta merong isang madungis na madungis siya na

tahimik nagcoconsecration kami tumayo siya… may bitbit siyang talagang

madungis…

SC: Talagang madungis oo.

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SE: Talagang ano… pinigilan siya nung isang kagawad… pinapatabi siya hindi

siya nagpapigil ang binigay niya alam mo kung sino… si father… alam mo kung

ano binigay niya puro coins binigay sakanila.

SG: See.

SE: Nagulat si Father na yung pagkakaabot sakaniya ang dami-dami nang

ganyan wala kaming nacollecta…

SC: Siya lang…

SE: Siya lang ang nagbigay, sa totoo lang.

SC: Kaya ako natouch talaga ako nung nakita ko.

SE: Nasa Bible talaga yun.

SC: Nasa Bible yan.

SE: Tapos umupo siya doon… umupo ngayon siya doon… pinapatabi pa rin

siya… sabi ko bakit siya pinapatabi nasa Bible yan eh.

SG: Mahihiya man ako sa ibang servants pag medyo madumi meron paring

saatin…

SD: Oo naman.

SG: Meron pa ring saatin na nagtataboy…

SE: Ayun nga lang.

SG: Meron pa rin saatin.

SE: Kasi minsan kami… minsan kami ni Father Eugene pa noon, talagang kaya

parang takot na rin mga… na ganyan na lumalapit bigla atsaka nauso yung

patayan na akala mo magsisimba pero papatay pala yan. Alam niyo nung ako ay

329
nasa Algeciras nasa homily na eh may nagbarilan doon samin nagtakbuhan

lahat… si father Eugene nakatayo lang siya diyan… lahat kami nagtakbuhan…

SD: Takot ako sa mga ganyan…

SE: Diyos ko sabi ko nga sayo, tuloy ang misa hindi nahinto.

SC: Ako naman naexperience ko yung NPA na nagconfess… confess after

nilead ko siya sa pari ang conversion nito matagal… yung process matagal…

after ko madala siya sa simbahan katukin ko si Father… Father may isang… to

confess right now, really sabi ni Father edi after that nagpakilala naman… willing

na daw siya magbago wow. Yun ang turo ng ama ko sa blessed sacrament yung

paganun ang dating… nagpunta siya sa mga ganyan lalapit sa mga ganyan

kuwan yung baka bumaba ang loob those people na ibig sabihin nakakaintindi sa

relationship kay God… something ganun…

SD: Huwag na tayo lumayo diyan sa P Gomez, walang binibigay sa mga

makukulit na bata talaga… sa ano… mamaya maya babalik na sa dati ay hindi

naaano ng mga teachers yan eh alam naman nila yun na hindi agad magbabago

ang mga bata eh.

SG: Buti sa mga private you have a religion class…

BR: Yung kasama ko kanina may lumapit saking bata palabas na tayo, nagbless

sakin sabi sakin brother di kita makakalimutan.

SC: Yung reward ba ng charity, ganun ka simple. (chuckles)

SW: Education is a must; social status and economic status is not considered

masyado. They… the people consider candidate that are in line with ordinary

people… people who understand God and established relationship with Him.

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A1: Um last na lang po meron po ba kayong masusuggest para sa mas malinis

na eleksyon, may suggestion po ba kayo para po sa mga um kapwa nating BEC

sa labas ng BEC, pamilya, kapitbahay kung ano po yung magandang gawin para

magcome up tayo sa parang gusto nating government ganun?

SC: Brother Rolly ito’y talagang isusuggest ko na kayo na po ang sumagot.

SD: Educational forum for all member tapos dapat ipatupad natin yung CHAMP.

SG: Wag iisolate but for all the members in church. Pwedeng irecord yung video

in the church, but transfer it by zone.

SE: Siguro ang sakin pumili nang naayon sa konsensiya niyo at dapat itaglay

ang BEC values.

BR: Para sakin naman voter’s education talaga ang makakatulong sa ating mga

co-BEC member and dapat siguro, iapply natin lahat nang mga natutunan natin

sa church lalo na sa pag pili ng mga kandidato sa susunod na halalan.

A1: Ayun lang po maraming Salamat po sainyong lahat sa pagbigay ng oras

samin. At diyan na po natatapos ang FGD na ito, wari’y mapagpatuloy ng mga

BEC ang mga values na meron na sila para sa pagpili ng mga karapat-dapat na

kandidato.

Everyone: Walang anuman Salamat din ng marami.

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 APPENDIX E:
REQUEST LETTER
332
333
334
335
336
337
 APPENDIX F:
PERSONAL
INFORMATION
SHEET OF KEY
INFORMANT

338
 SAMPLE OF PERSONAL INFORMATION SHEET

Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic Ecclesial Community (BEC)

Manila, Philippines

PERSONAL INFORMATION SHEET (PIS)

I. Sociodemographic
Name (Last Name, First Name, Middle Name): ____________________________________________
Sex: ___________ Age: ______________ Date of Birth (mm/dd/yyyy): _________________________
Marital Status: ____________ Birthplace: ______________ Religion: _________________________
Citizenship: _____________ Zip Code: _____________ E-mail Address: ________________________
Address: ___________________________________________________________________________
Telephone Number: _______________ Mobile Number: ______________________
Basic Ecclesial Community (BEC) Member: ⃝Yes ⃝No
If Yes, are you an officer of the organization? ⃝Yes ⃝No Write your position held: ____________
Educational Attainment: ______________________________
If Graduated, Name and Address of School Attended: ______________________________________

II. Declaration
I declare under oath that I personally accomplished this application form, and I certify that the
information given are true, correct and complete statement pursuant to the provisions of
pertinent laws, rules, and regulations of the Republic of the Philippines.

__________________________________ __________________
Signature over Printed Name of Informant Date

339
PERSONAL INFORMATION SHEET OF MONSIGNOR MANUEL GABRIEL

340
PERSONAL INFORMATION SHEET OF SISTER FIDELA P. BADAJOS

341
PERSONAL INFORMATION SHEET OF SISTER ELVIRA G. JAVIER

342
PERSONAL INFROMATION SHEET OF BROTHER ROLANDO C. INGARAN

APPENDIX G:
343
 THEMATIC
ANALYSIS OF
THE KEY
INFORMANT
INTERVIEWS

THEMATIC ANALYSIS OF THE KEY INFORMANT INTERVIEWS

1. Significant Projects and Programs of Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic

Ecclesial Community (BEC) that influence the voting preference of its

members

Significant projects and programs of Santisimo Rosario Parish Basic Ecclesial

Community (BEC) that influence the voting preference of its members

Respondent Code Quotes Theme
Brother Roland C. Kalyeserye, “kasi malayo sa simbahan malayo sa Programs

344
Ingaran Street simbahan dito malapit sila pupunta so we and

(BEC Promoter and masses, have our street masses dito ganito pero Projects of

Parish Pastoral Imposition pag during fiesta talagang nag-iipon the

Worker, Santisimo of the talaga yan nagkakaroon lahat ng mga Santisimo

Rosario Parish Basic Ashes, streets” Rosario

Ecclesial fiesta, Parish BEC

Community) Fellowship, “Bawat areas may mga kanya kanya

value- silang misa”

formation

“Ang mga mahalaga na pinapakita namin

dito ay yung value formation so every

meeting may sa gospel nagshe-share sila

ng life experiences nila.”

Sister Elvira G. Bible study, “ang sagot lang diyan na for every areas Projects

Javier Street meron kaming Bible study... bible study launched by

(BEC Coordinator mass, meron din kaming street mass kung the

General, Santisimo kalyeserye, tawagin namin Kalyeserye so ayun yon. Santisimo

Rosario Parish Basic gift-giving, tapos pagka… kaya namin sila Rosario

Ecclesial Foundation naeewan… naaano mainvite sila as a Parish BEC

Community) BEC pag meron silang kailangang

halimbawa… meron kaming gift-giving

meron kaming... meron silang problema

tungkol doon sa pag-aanoint sila may

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 mga sakit BEC ang tatawagin nila yung

mga nasa area”

“Pero kasi meron naman akong isa yung

foundation… may foundation kasi kami...

meron kaming binibigay na allowance sa

mga bata labing-dalawa na bata… alaga

namin.”
Sister Fidela P. Voter’s “So yung iba talagang hindi na sisipot Programs

Badajos Education, dahil isa’t kalahating oras, dalawang oras of

(Former BEC seminar sa ay di wala ngang magagawa yung mga Santisimo

Coordinator General, pagboto, nanay so ang ang ideal na oras is 1-hour Rosario

Santisimo Rosario Piyesta lang. so nandun na yung magrose Parish BEC

Parish Basic magrorosary sila, then magbabasa ng

Ecclesial bible then after bible, magsi sharing

Community) muna kukuha doon sa binasang gospel.”

“Kasi si rolly anong tawag dito

nagpapaseminar yan eh”

Rev. Msgr. Manuel Feeding “you know the feeding program supported Programs

Gabriel, PC, STD program, by the wife of the mayor… is possible that and

(Executive Secretary, social that could exist, some programs are Projects of

Committee on Basic action under the sponsorship of some politicians a parish

346
Ecclesial projects and that could affect.” might be

Community, Catholic used by the

Bishops’ Conference politicians

of the Philippines) for their

own image
Table 1: Thematic data on the Significant Projects and Programs of Santisimo

Rosario Parish Basic Ecclesial Community (BEC) that influence the voting

preference of its members

2. BEC Members versus non-BEC members towards how they vote

BEC members versus non-BEC members towards how they vote

Respondent Code Quotes Theme
Brother Roland C. Characteristic “makikita kung paano yung Differing

Ingaran of a non-BEC tinatawag na na vote buying kasi ito Characteristics

(BEC Promoter and member, values yung yung madalas na maririnig of a BEC

Parish Pastoral of a BEC ninyo sa mga barangay bakit ganito member with a

Worker, Santisimo member, ang nanalo ba't ganito ang nanalo non-BEC

Rosario Parish characteristic of so merong on… sabihin na nating member

Basic Ecclesial a BEC member na pamaraan yung mga pulitiko lalo

Community) na sa barangay election so may

nagbibigay ng goods may

nagbibigay ng pera pero doon sa

BEC ang sinasabi namin na kuwan

ang... ang leader ay dapat maka-

Diyos, makatao, makabayan, at

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makakalikasan ganun din pro-poor”

kandidato ay sikat, ang kandidato

ay artista wala namang gagawin sa

bayan

So ayun kaya nakita natin na na

hindi naman sabihin natin yung mga

artista wala namang ginagawa kasi

marunong maraming mga artista na

mga tumutulong pero mga artista na

walang ginawa kung hindi

tumunganga.”

“pero sa BEC na natitiyak namin na

nagbabago yung paningin pananaw

nila”

“taong tumutulong at talagang

lumalago ang kanilang mga

kabuhayan”

“nakatatak na po yung mga

makatao yung mga principles yung

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 apat na principles while yung non-

BEC members po parang nai-

influence pa po sila ng mga money,

nang mga pulitiko pa po”

Sister Elvira G. Solidarity inside “natutuwa sila sa amin, masigla Characteristics

Javier a BEC, Family- kaming lahat, sama-sama kami of a BEC

(BEC Coordinator like, maganda yung pagsasama ng mga member

General, Santisimo participative BEC”

Rosario Parish

Basic Ecclesial “Kasi kumbaga kaniya-kaniya silang

Community) opinyon ng… magiging ano nila.

Kasi hindi mo rin masasagot kung

ano yung sa kabila ano masasagot

dito. Ako kagaya ko… syempre may

iba nakong… opinyon doon sa mga

kandidato kaya hindi pare-pareho”

Sister Fidela P. Nagtutulungan, “Alam mo pagka yung BEC na Standout

Badajos nagdadamayan nagtutulungan napakalaki ng characteristics

(Former BEC , kapitbahay, advantage nyan. Oo kasi ang BEC of a BEC

Coordinator kapitbuhay, nga eh ano eh nagtutulungan, member vs a

General, Santisimo vote-buying, nagdadamayan tapos ang BEC non-BEC

Rosario Parish bribery laging ah, ang BEC what do you call member

Basic Ecclesial nakauga, ang BEC kasi ay

Community) nakaugat sa salita ng Diyos eh. Saw

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 Yan ang maganda nakaugat sa

salita ng Diyos ang BEC eh. Oo so

kaya ang tawag sa BEC is

kapitbahay kapitbuhay kasi

tumutulong yan. Yan ang ano nyan

ha, kapitbahay kapit buhay.”

“Alam mo naman, alam mo naman

pagka nasa laylayan ka talagang

syempre ang susunggaban nila

yung pera eh”

“Ang totoong BEC at maka Diyos

hindi yan tatanggap”

“mas syempre mas may alam ang

BEC sa non BEC.”

Rev. Msgr. Manuel Lagay, Vote- “ang suspicion ko yung mga non- Characteristics

Gabriel, PC, STD buying BEC members will be more prone to of a non-BEC

(Executive lagay ah yung bilihan ng boto or member

Secretary, vote-buying”

Committee on

Basic Ecclesial

Community,

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Catholic Bishops’

Conference of the

Philippines)

Table 2: Thematic data on the BEC members versus non-BEC members

towards how they vote for a certain candidate.

3. Shared Norms and Values formed inside the BEC

Shared Norms and Values formed inside the BEC

Respondent Code Quotes Theme
Brother Roland C. Values “So una sabihin na natin na yung love of Shared

Ingaran considered country kasi yun ang isa na kailangan norms and

(BEC Promoter and by a BEC yung lider mo ay marunong tumulong sa values

Parish Pastoral kapwa marunong tumulong sa sa bayan formed

Worker, Santisimo at uh… hindi magiging kurakot so yan inside the

Rosario Parish Basic yung kwan. Tapos yung isa pa yung BEC

Ecclesial sense of justice so yung taong alam

Community) niya kung ano yung pangangailangan at

lalo na pangangailangan ng mahihirap

nandyan siya para tumulong so mga

pinoprotektahan yung mga mahihina at

hindi pinapatay… yung isa pa na

nakikita ko yung tulungan… oo…

ngayon yung oo… sa community”

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Sister Elvira G. Kapitbahaya “Oo, tama kapit-bahay… palaging kapit- Norms

Javier n bahayan” formed

(BEC Coordinator inside a

General, Santisimo BEC

Rosario Parish Basic

Ecclesial

Community)
Sister Fidela P. Regular “1-hour lang so nandun na yung Values

Badajos meetings, magrose magrorosary sila, then formed

(Former BEC sharing on a magbabasa ng bible then after bible, inside a

Coordinator regular basis, magsi sharing muna kukuha doon sa BEC that is

General, Santisimo does not binasang gospel.” applied

Rosario Parish Basic permit when it

Ecclesial bribery ““yung totoong BEC hindi, hindi naman, comes to

Community) hindi yun mahihikayat ng bribery” elections

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Rev. Msgr. Manuel different “The shared norms and values shall be Document

Gabriel, PC, STD opinions provided for by the pastoral letters that

(Executive noh… pastoral letters because they provides for

Secretary, specify um more or less what not to vote the shared

Committee on Basic in the elections noh. I think the more norms of a

Ecclesial conscientious or conscience-stricken BEC

Community, Catholic the more conscience-stricken members

Bishops’ Conference would heed that the call of the bishops.”

of the Philippines)

“each one argues differently”

Table 3: Thematic data on the shared norms and values formed inside the BEC.

4. Current conditions of the Santisimo Parish Rosario Basic Ecclesial

Community (BEC).

Current conditions of the Santisimo Parish Rosario Basic Ecclesial Community (BEC)

Respondent Code Quotes Theme

Brother Roland C. Tripartite “nagtutulong tatlo yun eh: organization, Current

Ingaran collaboration BEC yung BEC area nila yung street, situation in

(BEC Promoter and tapos yung Parish” the

Parish Pastoral Santisimo

Worker, Santisimo Rosario

Rosario Parish Parish BEC

Basic Ecclesial

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Community)
Sister Elvira G. Dependent to “depende sa pari yan… depende sa Striking

Javier the parish parish priest… oo kung walang condition

(BEC Coordinator priest suporta… kung walang suporta talaga inside a

General, Santisimo … kahit na nung 1st year namin BEC

Rosario Parish sakanya, iniivite namin siya na meron

Basic Ecclesial kaming parang renewal, meron kaming

Community) party, meron kaming recollection, kami-

kami lang din yung maga-ano… hindi

siya makaka-attend kaya nawalang

bigla, naglaho… Hinahanap na rin nila

diba ?”
Sister Fidela P. Supportive “Still naman nabubuhay naman di ba? Conditions

Badajos parish priest, So still naman pero hindi gaya nung faced by

(Former BEC Napabayaan, panahon ni Father James na very the

Coordinator Conservative active non. Oo kasi full support noon Santisimo

General, Santisimo ang pari. Kapag ka full support ang Parish BEC

Rosario Parish pare talagang magtratrabaho rin at

Basic Ecclesial gagalaw ang BEC, Ganun. So parang

Community) nabawasan di ba, nabawasan kasi

maraming namatay eh. Ibig sabihin nag

fall down.”

“Ang nangyari kasi yung sumunod sa

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 kanya na pare napabayaan.”

“Siya yung sinasabing nilang pari na

ayaw nyang mag misa sa labas. yun

ang sinasabi ng taga parish . Mm. Kase

yun nga kailangan pumunta raw sa

simbahan.”
Rev. Msgr. Manuel Depends on “Yeah, in the… a lot, again depende Persisting

Gabriel, PC, STD the parish yan sa situation eh BCC... BECs are condition of

(Executive priest contextual eh. BECs are contextual a BEC

Secretary, therefore you have to specify its

Committee on Basic particular parish, each particular

Ecclesial diocese, each particular locale or

Community, neighborhood so it depends eh”

Catholic Bishops’

Conference of the “depends on the situation, it depends

Philippines) on the people, and it depends on the

priest”

Table 4: Thematic data on the current conditions of the Santisimo Parish Rosario

Basic Ecclesial Community (BEC).

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 5. Other Factors apart from the Parish’s BEC that affect the voting preferences

of the BEC members

Other Factors apart from the Parish’s BEC that affect the voting preferences of the

BEC members
Respondent Code Quotes Theme
Brother Roland C. Beliefs, “makadiyos makatao makabayan Other

Ingaran Principles, makakalikasan napakaimportante nun Factors

(BEC Promoter and Traits or at yung panglima ay maka mahirap aside BEC

Parish Pastoral characteristics tumutulong sa mga nangangailangan” as an

Worker, Santisimo of a leader, institution

Rosario Parish track record “… yung basehan, yung kanyang that affects

Basic Ecclesial of the family, concerns in terms of issues kasi the voting

Community) capability napaka importante yung issues. preference of

Lalong lalo na ngayon na ang church a voter

ay tinutuligsa ng administration. Kaya

kailangan yung mga ating mga

kuwan… leaders ngayon, kilalanin

yung mga taong karapat dapat talaga

maging huwaran as leaders and hindi

nakakahiya in terms of Global

Communities”

“shempre yung father niya yan ang

basehan ni yung father niya ang

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 daming tinulungan mga simpleng tao

ang tumulong so yung track record ,

pamilya, parents ayan ang mga

tinitingnan so yun ang sinasabi ko na

sa kanila so napakaimportante na

um… dapat wag ipagbili ang ating

boto, kilatisin natin ang pagkatao

syempre kasama rin yung kakayanan”

Sister Elvira G. Fundamental “Syempre yung mapapagkatiwalaan Other factors

Javier characteristic eh lahat naman sila di mo considered

(BEC Coordinator of a leader mapapagkatiwalaan” by a BEC

General, Santisimo member

Rosario Parish

Basic Ecclesial

Community)
Sister Fidela P. Bribery “yung totoong BEC hindi, hindi naman, Factors that

Badajos hindi yun mahihikayat ng bribery might affect

(Former BEC siguro” a BEC

Coordinator member in

General, Santisimo his

Rosario Parish consideration

Basic Ecclesial in voting for

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Community) a political

candidate
Rev. Msgr. Manuel Politicians, “the relationship to the local Other factors

Gabriel, PC, STD Money, government to the barangay… it’s not that shape

(Executive Power much the government per se, the the voting

Secretary, barangay might carry politicians who preference of

Committee on Basic are not in agreement with… you a BEC

Ecclesial know… the politicians might endorse member

Community, the administration candidates and they

Catholic Bishops’ don’t agree with that noh? On the

Conference of the other hand, the politicians… the

Philippines) barangay people may be the ones

using you know the election to earn

money and they are the ones for the

money so BCCs generally exposed to

the corruption present at the level of

the community they provide the

conscience for the community.”

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Table 5: Thematic data on the other factors apart from the Parish’s BEC that

affect the voting preferences of the BEC members.

RECURRING THEMES OF KEY INFORMANT INTERVIEWS (4)

QUESTION THEME
Describe the condition of The conditions for the thriving or declining of a

Santisimo Rosario Parish basic ecclesial community depends wholly on

Basic Ecclesial Community the Parish Priest whether he supports or not the

(BEC) in relation to the implementation of programs and projects

communities especially proposed by the BEC Coordinator for the

barangays 465-467. community.

Can you cite some Yes, there is a major difference between a BEC

differences with regard to member vis-à-vis a non-BEC member towards

BEC members to non-BEC how they vote because the former adheres to

members towards how they four fundamental values or principles of a BEC

vote for a certain candidate? member which are maka-Diyos, maka-tao,

Is there a difference maka-bayan and maka-kalikasan that prevents

between how a BEC them to consider vote-buying. On the other

member votes this upcoming hand, a non-BEC member is more prone to

2019 Senatorial elections vote-buying because they do not have

with a non-BEC member? principles that guide them when it comes to

their vote of choice.

Is being part of the in-group Yes definitely, because being part of a BEC, the

(e.g. BEC) a factor that individual will establish a good relationship with

shapes the voting his/her co-members at the same time he/she

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consciousness of the whole will adopt the principles, beliefs, norms, and

community? values shared in that group thus resulting to a

reasoned choice of vote.

What do you think are the The significant programs and projects for the

different projects and BEC members are kalyeserye, feeding

programs that the Santisimo program, medical mission, fellowship, and the

Rosario Basic Ecclesial like that contribute to how they perceive socio-

Community utilizes and political issues in the country especially how

implements that can they pick a candidate for the upcoming

influence the voting elections.

preference of their members

who are also registered

voters?
What are the shared norms The shared norms and values formed inside the

and values formed inside the BEC are the following: maka-Diyos, maka-

Basic Ecclesial Community bayan, maka-tao, and maka-kalikasan.

that in turn influence the Additionally, the notion of kapitbahay,

voting preference of the kapitbuhay and damayan characterize how the

registered BEC members? BEC members live that in turn affects their

voting preference.
What are the underlying Some of the factors that might affect the voting

factors that affect the voting preference of a BEC member are his capability,

preferences of the registered track record, family’s background,

voters that are members of representation outside the country, politicians’

the Basic Ecclesial concern in terms of issues, and helped a lot of

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 Community of Santisimo people.

Rosario Parish in Barangays

465-467 in Sampaloc,

Manila?
With the proliferation of the Although there are no disadvantages

BECs in the Philippines, can mentioned, there are a lot of advantages stated

you see the advantages and by the interviewees. One of which is creating a

disadvantages of it? family inside a community. When problems or

needs arise, there is a connotation that they

help each other through good or bad times, for

better and for worse. Another one is a good

relationship created among BEC members.

Yes, there are a lot of advantages in joining

BEC for one can see the notion of

“kapitbahayan” and “damayan.” These two

concepts only mean that when your neighbors

need your help, the community will help in

whatever ways they can give.

Does religion affect politics Yes.

in the Philippines?
Table 6: Recurring themes of the four key informant interviews that were

conducted by the researchers.

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 THEMATIC ANALYSIS OF THE FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION

Questions FGD FGD FGD FGD FGD FGD

Participa Participa Participa Participa Participan Participa

nt 1 (BR) nt 2 (SC) nt 3 nt 4 (SJ) t 5 (SD) nt 6 (SG)

(SW)
In your Yes, I Yes, I Yes, Yes, I Yes, I Yes, I

own started started since have cannot started

opinion, do when I way back 2013 I already recall joining

you think was just 1985, but am a part been part when I BEC way

that the 12 years I stopped of the of the started to back

Santisimo old. because BEC BEC for join BEC. Father

Rosario Currently, I had a more or 23 years. Bro. Efren Butch’s

Parish I am a family. I less it Currently, once said term. I

BEC affect BEC gave my has I am a that if you officially

the way of promoter full- already BEC are a started

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life of its and co- attention been 6 to Coordinat BEC, when I

members coordinat to my 7 years or forever was high

may it be or of the family already. General. you will be school, I

politically, Vicariate from Although a BEC. am a kid

socially, of Our 1995 I am a Ever since who

economical Lady of until plain the BEC follows my

ly, Loreto 2018. member, was elders.

spiritually? BEC. Just I am part created, I

recently, of the am

I came Parish already

back. Biblical here.

Although Apostolat

I am a e and my

formator main task

ever is to

since and promote

I think Bible-

that reading.

cannot

be

removed

from me.
What are For me, --- I Bible What I can When

the the most personall study in recall and someone

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significant significant y think different in my own dies, we

projects project that the areas. We opinion, were

and was the Parish is also had the best giving out

programs pastoral recomme mass and thing that donations

that the visit of ndable fiesta. our BEC collected

Santismo Bishop during created among the

Rosario Pabillo May was neighborh

Parish? where he because census of ood within

went the kids every our zone.

inside who area, And if

different participat when we there are

houses. e in the go from a members

And of Flores de house to that are

course, Mayo are another sick, we

the taught to house. have a

distributio pray the Because notion

n of “santoros of that we called

Bibles aryo” were “damayan

which is before aware ” whether

called offering a whom to dead or

“Ilaw ng flower to contact alive.

Tahanan.” Mama per area.

Mary. This was

364
Every also a

Saturday springboar

there is a d where

feeding we got to

program know each

where other and

the kids our leader

are and what

catechize is

d first happening

before in the

eating parish.

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APPENDIX H:
PICTURES

366
 IN-DEPTH KEY INFORMANT INTERVIEW WITH BRO. ROLANDO C.
INGARAN, BEC PROMOTER OF SANTISIMO ROSARIO PARISH BEC

367
368
INQUIRING FORMER BEC MEMBER, SISTER CARMEN MOLINA ABOUT
SANTISIMO ROSARIO PARISH BEC

BEC MEMBERS ANSWERING THE SURVEY FORMS

369
CONDUCTED INTERVIEW AND SURVEY WITH SISTER ELVIRA G. JAVIER

370
IMMERSION WITH THE BEC MEMBERS IN THEIR STATION OF THE CROSS

371
372
INTERVIEW WITH MONSIGNOR MANUEL G. GABRIEL

373
 INTERVIEW WITH SISTER FIDELA BADAJOS, A FORMER BEC
COORDINATOR AREA GENERAL OF SANTISIMO ROSARIO PARISH BEC

374
375