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  • Classification of Consonants

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    Алена Портас
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    The document classifies English consonant sounds according to four main principles: 1. Manner of articulation (e.g. plosive, fricative, sonorant) and place of obstruction in the vocal tract (e.g. bilabial, alveolar, velar). 2. Active speech organ involved and specific place of obstruction. 3. Action of the vocal cords (voiced or voiceless) and degree of articulatory force. 4. Position of the soft palate (oral or nasal) during production. Each consonant sound is described according to these four classification principles.

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    Classification of consonants

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    Classification of consonants

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    The document classifies English consonant sounds according to four main principles: 1. Manner of articulation (e.g. plosive, fricative, sonorant) and place of obstruction in the vocal tract (e.g. bilabial, alveolar, velar). 2. Active speech organ involved and specific place of obstruction. 3. Action of the vocal cords (voiced or voiceless) and degree of articulatory force. 4. Position of the soft palate (oral or nasal) during production. Each consonant sound is described according to these four classification principles.

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    18 views1 page

    Classification of Consonants

    Uploaded by

    Алена Портас
    The document classifies English consonant sounds according to four main principles: 1. Manner of articulation (e.g. plosive, fricative, sonorant) and place of obstruction in the vocal tract (e.g. bilabial, alveolar, velar). 2. Active speech organ involved and specific place of obstruction. 3. Action of the vocal cords (voiced or voiceless) and degree of articulatory force. 4. Position of the soft palate (oral or nasal) during production. Each consonant sound is described according to these four classification principles.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Classification of English consonants according to the main principles

    According to the manner According to the active According to the work of According to
    Sound of noise production and speech organ and the the vocal cords and the the position of
    the type of obstruction place of obstruction force of articulation the soft palate
    occlusive, plosive,
    [p] labial, bilabial voiceless, fortis (strong) oral
    aspirated
    [b] occlusive, plosive labial, bilabial voiced, lenis (weak) oral

    [m] occlusive, sonorant labial, bilabial voiced, lenis (weak) nasal


    occlusive, plosive, lingual, forelingual,
    [t] voiceless, fortis (strong) oral
    aspirated alveolar
    lingual, forelingual,
    [d] occlusive, plosive voiced, lenis (weak) oral
    alveolar
    lingual, forelingual,
    [n] occlusive, sonorant voiced, lenis (weak) nasal
    alveolar
    occlusive, plosive, lingual, back-lingual,
    [k] voiceless, fortis (strong) oral
    aspirated velar
    lingual, back-lingual,
    [ɡ] occlusive, plosive voiced, lenis (weak) oral
    velar
    [ŋ] occlusive, sonorant lingual, backlingual, velar voiced, lenis (weak) nasal

    [f] constrictive, fricative labial, labiodental voiceless, fortis (strong) oral

    [v] constrictive, fricative labial, labiodental voiced, lenis (weak) oral


    lingual, forelingual,
    [s] constrictive, fricative voiceless, fortis (strong) oral
    alveolar
    lingual, forelingual,
    [z] constrictive, fricative voiced, lenis (weak) oral
    alveolar
    lingual, forelingual,
    [θ] constrictive, fricative voiceless, fortis (strong) oral
    (inter)dental
    lingual, forelingual,
    [ð] constrictive, fricative voiced, lenis (weak) oral
    (inter)dental
    lingual, forelingual,
    [ʃ] constrictive, fricative voiceless, fortis (strong) oral
    palato-alveolar
    lingual, forelingual,
    [ʒ] constrictive, fricative voiced, lenis (weak) oral
    palato-alveolar
    lingual, forelingual,
    [tʃ] occlusive, noise, affricate voiceless, fortis (strong) oral
    palato-alveolar
    lingual, forelingual,
    [dʒ] occlusive, noise, affricate voiced, lenis (weak) oral
    palato-alveolar
    constrictive, sonorant, lingual, forelingual,
    [l] voiced, lenis (weak) oral
    medial alveolar
    constrictive, sonorant, lingual, forelingual, post-
    [r] voiced, lenis (weak) oral
    medial alveolar
    constrictive, sonorant, lingual, mediolingual,
    [j] voiced, lenis (weak) oral
    medial palatal
    constrictive, sonorant,
    [w] labial, bilabial voiced, lenis (weak) oral
    medial
    [h] constrictive, fricative glottal voiceless, fortis (strong) oral

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