Fixed Point Iteration

Roots of Equation

Asifur Rahman

CEN 205 Numerical Methods Asifur Rahman January 18, 2017 1/4
Fixed Point Iteration Fixed Point Iteration

I Suppose we want to find the root of f(x).

I In fixed point iteration, the given funcion is split into
two sub-functions, f1 (x) and f2 (x)
I The root lies where the y value of both sub-functions
are equal, i.e. f1 (x) = f2 (x)
I Usually f1 (x) = x is considered

Steps
1. Express the given f(x) = 0 in the form of x = g(x)
2. Assume a reasonable value of root, xo
3. Determine new root using, xn = g(xo )
4. Repeat Step 3 using xo = xn

CEN 205 Numerical Methods Asifur Rahman January 18, 2017 2/4
Example 1 Fixed Point Iteration

Ques. Solve the following equation using fixed Rearrangement of f(x)

point iteration. Given that, a < 0.1%. √
4 4
4 x − x − 4 = 0; x = x + 4; x= 4x+4
x −x−4=0

Iteration 1
xo = 1
√ √
4
xn = 4 x + 4 = 1 + 4 = 1.4953
 1.4953 − 1 
 
a =   = 33.12%
1.4953


Iteration 2
xo = 1.4953
√ √4
xn = 4 x + 4 = 1.4953 + 4 = 1.5311
 1.5311 − 1.4953 
 
a =   = 2.33%
1.5311


Fixed Point Iteration

i xo xn a
1 1.0000 1.4953 33.1260
2 1.4953 1.5311 2.3339
3 1.5311 1.5336 0.1619
4 1.5336 1.5337 0.0112

CEN 205 Numerical Methods Asifur Rahman January 18, 2017 3/4
Example 2 Fixed Point Iteration

Ques. Solve the following equation using fixed Rearrangement of f(x)

point iteration. Given that, a < 1%. q
x 2 2 x
x 2
e − 3x = 0 e − 3x = 0; 3x = e ; x= ex /3

Iteration 1
xo = 1
q q
xn = ex /3 = e(1) /3 = 0.9519
 0.9519 − 1 
 
a =   = 5.05%
0.9519


Iteration 2
xo = 0.9519
q q
xn = ex /3 = e(0.9519) /3 = 0.9293
 0.9293 − 0.9519 
 
a =   = 2.43%
0.9293


Fixed Point Iteration

i xo xn a
1 1.0000 0.9519 5.0542
2 0.9519 0.9293 2.4347
3 0.9293 0.9188 1.1377
4 0.9188 0.9140 0.5240

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