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CATATAN DSTC COURSE

Skoring Dalam Trauma


Skor:
- Fisiologis
- Anatomis  skor yang pertama kali muncul
o AIS
o Injury Severity Scale
- TRISS  gabungann skor anatomis dan fisiologis
o ISS
o RTS
o Usia
o Trauma tumpul / tajam

DAMAGE CONTROL RESUSCITATION AND DAMAGE CONTROL SURGERY


Trias of Death :
- Asidosis metabolic
- DIC
- Hypothermia

DC 1:
- Control perdarahan  cth : packing
- Limit peritoneal contamination  cth : suture in intestine
- Temporary abdominal closure  cth : bogota bag

DC 2:
- Hypothermia intervention
- Correction of coagulopathy di ICU
- Correction of acidosis

DC 3:
- Defenitive surgery
- Creation ostomie, feeding acces

Estimasi Waktu Ketika ada Pasien Trauma


- Pre-hospital : < 20 menit
- ER : 30 menit
- OR : 90 menit
- ICU : 12-36 jam
- Defenitive surgical procedure : 2-8 hari

Cara pemberian darah di OR : 1:1:1 (PRC: FFP: Platelet)

Damage Control Resuscitation:


- Body rewarming
- Koreksi asidosis
- Permissive hypothension  MAP :> 50, sistol > 80/90
CATATAN DSTC COURSE

- Restrictive fluid administration


- Hemostatic resuscitation

Resusitasi:
- Permissive hypotension
- Administration blood & blood product early
- Start as traneksamat  dosis 1 gram loading
- Start massive transfusion protocol
- Minimalisasi resusitasi cairan

Goal resusitasi:
- Target Hb > 7
- INR < 2
- Trombosist > 50000
- Fibrinogen > 100 mg/dL

- Pada trauma abdomen tumpul ataupun penetrating pertahankan sistolik 90 mmHg.


- DCS abdomen intraoperative : non-surgical bleeding
pH: 7,18
- Serum laktat atau BE  sensitive utk mengukur perdarahan dan syok
- Trauma pelvic unstable: extra peritoneal pelvic packing atau external fiksasi atau
theurapeutic angiography

MUSCULOSKELETAL TRAUMA

- External Fixation
Indikasi: fraktur
Deformitas  cth: congenital, post traumatic, acquired
Utk masang  harus ada jarak dari garis fraktur minimal 2 – 4 cm, tapi jangan terlalu jauh juga.
Diameter pin < 1/3 dari diameter medulla
Femur: Nerve dan pembuluh darah letaknya di medial jadi letak OREFnya di lateral

 Klo disertai px blunt yang akan di laparotomy disertai dengan fx pelvic pasang c-clamp dulu
baru laparotomi
- Pelvic Fracture
o Control perdarahan : pelvic sling  C-Clamp
o Nilai hemodinamik :
 Stabil  rawat
 Unstable :
 Angiography  jika punya fasilitas
 OK  pasang Pack
o Tempat pasang C-Clamp: dari SIAS sejajar dengan femur  utk merekatkan sacroiliaca joint
disruption.
o Klo ekternal fiksasi gak berhasil  pasang pelvic packing
CATATAN DSTC COURSE

- Compartement syndrome  terjadi 4-6 jam post trauma.


o Nyeri terjadi karena iskemia
-

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