1. A 5-bit Successive-approximation ADC is shown in Fig. below. If the input voltage is 0.

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V (from analog device) and the Vref = 1 V, show the operation of the ADC for each step
of the analog-to-digital conversion and write the code produced by the ADC. You need
to show all steps of the conversion to receive credit for this problem.

2. What are the components inside the Cathode-ray oscilloscope and explain its working
principle?
3. Explain the working principle of Moving coil meter. What it makes differ from the
Galvanometric recorder? And how? (4 pts.)
4. Briefly explain the steps of analog to digital conversion process?
5. Explain the difference between the three types of measurement errors? What are their
causes and suggest a remedy?

6. In order to calculate the heat loss through the wall of a building, it is necessary to know
the temperature difference between the inside and outside walls. If temperatures of 5°C
and 20°C are measured on each side of the wall by mercury-in-glass thermometers with a
range of 0°Cto C50°C and a quoted inaccuracy figure of 1% of full-scale reading,
calculate the likely maximum possible error in the calculated figure for the temperature
difference?
7. The R-2R ladder with an Op- Amp at the end is given below:
 Determine:
a) The voltages at each nod i.e. (V0, V1 V2 V3).
b) The voltage output from the op-Amp, for the following conditions of the switch:
i. (1 0 1 0)
ii. (1 1 1 1)
iii. (0 1 0 1)
Where: the resister (R) and the voltage reference (Vs) are 2 KΩ and 5V respectively.