FINANCIAL ASSETS
* Cash
»* A contractual right to receive cash or any other
financial asset from another entity
>¢ A contractual right to exchange financial instruments
under favorable conditions, and
of An equity instrument of another entity
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENT.
1
Prrataenrtt rachis aut katie:
also those that are acceptable by bank
for deposit or immediate encashment
Eee ae te eral a evi
Mice cella eke ALCS
Hmuele ke eculs Anu tee ict re
current exchange rate
Peete eh emis
revenue-earning investment
deposits in foreign investment which
are subject to foreign exchange
restriction, if material, should be
ari mre aeuu tnt)
Ulelate geste areas Corll Meg -Mc=teg (ad (og)
clearly indicated
7S) dat
CeeC ey Marlies
Cec MME LiL
Prt t)
Cash fund - cash set aside for
Current purposes such as petty cash
nC mi tec
PETTY CASH FUND
money set aside to pay small
Certs
two methods of handling:
Mem em CCl
b. Fluctuating fund system
undeposited cash
cash deposited inJie nestles jaeeaeall
Nia he =
Bank Reconciliation
Balance per book:
Unadjusted balance per book ox
Add: Collected Note Recaiae 1K
Less: NSF
Service Charge ee (00)
AddiLess: Errors 00
‘Adjusted balance per book 2x
date
of acquisition Balance per bank:
Unadjusted balance per bank 10K
Separate line item Add: Deposit in Transit XK
Less: Outstanding Checks (om)
AddiLess: Errors ou
‘Adjusted balance per bank KK
AAA AAAS
TRADE WY) Us ua, yi REGEIVAB:
ACCOUNT RECEIVABLE
- IS AN OPEN ACCOUNT NOT SUPPORTED BY A PROMISSORY NOTE
~ RECOGNIZED INITIALLY AT FAIR VALUE PLUS TRANSACTION
COSTS THAT ARE DIRECTLY ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE ACQUISITION
- SUBSEQUENTLY MEASURED AT NET REALIZABLE VALUE OR
ESTIMATED RECOVERABLE AMOUNT
DEDUCTIBLES:
Y ALLOWANCE FOR FREIGHT CHARGE
v ALLOWANCE FOR SALES RETURN
Y ALLOWANCE FOR SALES DISCOUNT
Y ALLOWANCE FOR DOUBTFUL ACCOUNTS
JUNIOR PHILIPPINE INSTITUTE OF ACCOUNTANTS ~ Co @.PiAHAU SOURCE: INTERMEDIATE ACCOUNTING 1
HOLY ANGEL UNIVERSITY BY VALIK, 2019 EDITION AND IFRS.ORGForms Of Receivable Financing
accounts receivables are pledged as
tate ae g
ACCOUNTS collateral security for the payment of
RECEIVABLE the loan
the assignor (borrower) transfers rights to
some of the rights in AR to a lender called the ASSIGNMENT
assignee in consideration for a loan; evidenced (i ACCOUNTS
by a financing agreement and a promissory RECEIVABLE
note both of which the assignor assigns.
AUTEN Ug DISCOUNTING OF
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE | NOTES RECEIVABLE
factoring is a sale of ARona to discount the note the
without recourse, notification payee must endorse it: It
basis; factor assumes
responsibility for uncollectible ey DeMwien
factored accounts. In assignment,
assignor retains ownership of the With recourse - the payee
accounts assigned. must pay the bank if the
. maker (one liable) dishonors
Casual Factoring - normal the note
sale of accounts receivable, Without recourse - the
without other deductions payee avoids future liability
Factoring as a continuing even if the maker refuses to
Agreement - finance entitly pay the bank on the date of
purchases all of the accounts maturity
receivable of a certain entityBIOLO: a Ory Vi Wy SETS
Pas 41 shall be applied to account for the biological assets,
agricultural produce, government grant related to a biological
asset when they relate to agricultural activity.
- shall be measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and
any accumulated impairment loss.
- the entity shall measure the biological asset at fair value less
costs to sell once the FV becomes clearly measurable.
, ;
ai Sie AG) 1 Uy Way
Tae a)
as BR ODI UG
i A is the harvested predict of an
are living ania entity's biological assets. In all
and plants cases, entity shall measure
agricultural produce at the
point of harvest at fair value
less cost to sell
Sw AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY
management of an entity of the Lente transformation and
harvest of biological assets for sale or for conversion into
agricultural produce or into additional biological assets. Includes
raising livestock, annual or perennial cropping, cultivating,
floriculture. Harvesting from unmanaged sources, such as ocear
fishing and deforestation is not agricultural activity
\
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JUNIOR PHILIPPINE INSTITUTE OF ACCOUNTANTS ic @uPIAKAU SOURCE: INTERMEDIATE ACCOUNTING 1
HOLY ANGEL UNIVERSITY BY VALIX, 2019 EDITION AND IFRS.ORGJal od
= y 77
TINANGIAL ASSETS Al
FAIR. VALUE
the price of an asset when sold in an
orderly transaction between market
participants at the measurement
date
INVESTMENT
are assets not directly identified with the
operating activities of an entity and occupy only
an auxiliary relationship to the central revenue
producing activities of the entity
Purposes of vestments
+ Accretion of wealth
- Capital appreciation
* Ownership control
+ Meeting business requirements
* Protection (e.g. interest in life
insurance)
iN iy
y
JUNIOR PHILIPPINE INSTITUTE OF ACCOUNTANTS > evriaiay _SOURCE:INTERMEDIATE AceOUKTING
HOLY ANGEL UNIVERSITY: BY VALIX, 2019 EDITION AND IFRS.ORG-NON FINANCIAL ASSETS
* Intangible assets
* Physical assets (Inventories and PPEs)
> Prepaid expenses
> Leased assets
WWE MAO) aL)
ECE RW Me Geer CHUM
ordinary course of business, in the
PSs eee Ch mele ir L a
the form of materials or supplies to be
consumed in the production process or in
Rett ee la ( ty
TOTAAL Re
FOB Destination - seller owns the goods in transit;
seller is responsible for freight charges
FOB Shipping Point - buyer owns the goods in
transit; buyer is responsible for freight
Cd OT oe ag a SDE ae ee 7 Prt ea sus mL
Pree ose sa Oa een PCat)WPA a oat ea eS
Freight prepaid - freight is paid by the seller
Freight collect - freight is paid by the buyer
CONSIGNMENT
goods are in possession of an agent
PERIODIC PERPETUAL
Twewtory Cost Flow
aoa scene alto eerste
first purchased are first sold
POMEL US | err SOURCE: INTERMEDIATE ACCOUNTING 1
PONE oam cca Da oe NEC tyB. Weighted Average (Periodic)
iC, Moving Average Method
- new weighted average cost is computed every
after purchase and purchase return
SPECIFIC IDENTIFICATION - the specific costs are
attributed to identified items of inventory
JUNIOR PHILIPPINE INSTITUTE OF ACCOUNTANTS ~ » Pret eau Us eu aD
Presa sad = OR eee O tL)ec er
7
- is defined as property held by an owner or alessee yo
under a finance lease fo earn rentals or for capital
appreciation or both
- only land and building can qualify as investment property
Examples of investment Property:
LONG-TERM CAPITAL APPRECIATION
LAND HELD FOR A CURRENTLY
UNDETERMINED USE.
BLDG OWNED AND LEASED
OUT UNDER AN OPERATING LEASE.
BUILDING THAT IS VACANT BUT IS HELD TO BE
LEASED OUT UNDER AN OPERATING LEASE
PROPERTY THAT IS BEING CONSTRUCTED OR
DEVELOPED FOR FUTURE USE AS AN INVESTMENT
PROPERTY.
JUNIOR PHILIPPINE INSTITUTE OF ACCOUNTANTS - » ouPIAAU SOURCE: INTERMEDIATE ACCOUNTING 1
HOLY ANGEL UNIVERSITY BY VALIX, 2019 EDITIOM AND IFRS.ORGACCOUNTING MODELS
COST MODEL - subject to depreciation
FAIR VALUE MODEL - no depreciation but any changes
in fair value are recognized in profit or loss
MSOs
An insignificant portion of
the building or land is used
for administrative
purposes
Large percentage of the
land or building is used for
administrative purposes
Services offered are Services offered are
insignificant to the significant to the
arrangement arrangement
Property leased to an
affiliate on a perspective of|
the individual entity
From the perspective of
the groupOo
as
aN ey
- create rights and obligations that have the effect of
transferring financial risks between parties
- a financial instrument that derive its value from the
movement in commodity price, exchange rate, and interest
rate of a financia
EXAMPLE OF
INTEREST RATE SWAP
DERIVATIVE ASSET - market
rate of interest is higher than
the underlying interest
* DERIVATIVE LIABILITY -
market rate of interest is
lower than the underlying
interest :
FUTURE CONTACT
~a contract to purchase or sell |
a specified commodity at
some future date at a
specified price; traded in
future exchange markets
JUNIOR PHILIPPINE INSTITUTE OF ACCOUNTANTS -
HOLY ANGEL UNIVERSITY.
Ome
instrument
DERIVATIVES
FORWARD CONTRACT
—a commitment between
two private parties to
exchange a specified
commodity on a future
date at a specified price
CALL OPTION
* DERIVATIVE ASSET - market price
is higher than option price
* IGNORE - market price is lower
than option price; an optionis a
right and not an obligation; there
is no derivative liability in call
‘option:
SOURCE:|NTERMEDIATE ACCOUNTING |
BY VALIK, 2019 EDITION AND IFRS.ORGgeclAians PLANT, AND EQUIPMENT
COST OF PPES
Road
(eek ee
SUBSEQUENT MEASUREMENT
SIME eecu cece eo ect)
‘the date of revaluation less
SEE MU RSH eC T=InG
Re eee
f JUNIOR PHILIPPINE INSTITUTE OF ACCOUNTANTS - a Per SOURCE: INTERMEDIATE ACCOUNTING 1
CORP ssa Cee SNE stu)flequisition of Propelity
* Cash basis - cash paid plus direct attributable cost
* On account - invoice price less discount whether
taken or not
+ On installment - cash price or present value of cash
payments
* Issuance of shares - FV of assets, FV of shares, and
par value of shares in the order of priority
+ Issuance of bonds payable - FV of bonds payable, FV
of asset, and face amount of bonds payable in the
order of priority
* Exchange with commercial substance - FV of the
asset given plus cash payment on the part of payor or
less cash received on the part of recipient; gain or
loss is recognized
+ Exchange without commercial substance - carrying
amount of the asset given plus cash payment on the
part of payor or less cash received on the part of
recipient; no gain or loss is recognized
@
See ALOU. MPa Rea Use nay
Presa stad Daas Oa)ala
«Grant related to Income — match with future
costs. However, if the costs are already
incurred, the grant is outright income
*Grant related to depreciable asset — over the
life of the asset and in proportion to
depreciation. The grant may be recognized as
deferred income or as deduction from the
cost of the assets
«Any repayment of grant — is recognized as
loss to the extent of the excess of the
payment over the balance of the deferred
incomeUNS TUT INTC UTE Xe rl a8
LAND
- classification of land depends on the nature and
purposes of the land
* land used as a plant site shall be treated as
property, plant and equipment
* land held for currently undetermined use is
treated as an investment property
* land that is held definitely as a future plant
site is classified as owner-occupied
VAND IMEROVEMEN
Not depreciable - charged to the land account
Depreciable - charged to a special account “land
improvements”
i SSE Pie
eet eee te Ue
TO, Peers a Car)
sTUT Ste ae Tian
STUER peo CUES. “QuPIAHAU le seabed
FPtr RUT ease eee Un
f JUNIOR PHILIPPINE INSTITUTE OF ACCOUNTANTS -
erent)
PreetiDEPRECIATION. DEPLETION,
leer vale)
DEPRECIATION — applicable to
PPE; recognizes the exhaustion of a
PPEs useful life
DEPLETION systematic allocation of
the depletable amount of a wasting asset
over the period of the natural resource is
extracted or produced
Total Cost of Wasting Asse XXX
a Divided by estimated unit of Y
Resource deposits XXX
Depletion rate per unit XXX
AMORTIZATION — intangible
assets
See SU a elie he »
a Pron SOURCE: INTERMEDIATE ACCOUNTING 1
Pee Sa ccd DA Oya icDEPRE
Wel
r¢
ue ee
a
LLU, hd
ASTRAIGHT LINE METHOD
Cost XXX
Less Residual Value (xxx)
Depreciable Amount XXX
Divided by useful life in years XXX
Annual Depreciation XXX
B. SUM OF THE YEARS DIGIT
Depreciable Amount XXX
Divided by fraction (remaining
years over SYD) xx
Depreciation for the year XXX
SYD = Life (Life +1/2)
C. DECLINING BALANGE
METHOD
Carrying Amount XXX
Multiplied by depreciation rate xxx
Depreciation for the year XXX
Rate =1-'/Residual Value / Cost
Saya SL a Oe EAS
Pre osm ssa
D. DOUBLE DECLINING
BALANCE METHOD
~ straight line rate is simply
doubled
E. 150% DECLINING
BALANGE METHOD
- the straight line rate is simply
multiplied by 150%
ae ery AU eau Use ay
ee On acs)REVALUATION AND
IMPAIRMENT OF ASSET
- the frequency of revaluation depends upon the movement
in the fair value of the items of PPE being revalued. When a fair
value of a revalued asset differs materially from its carrying
amount a further revaluation is necessary. Some items of PPE
may experience significant and volatile movements in fair value
thus necessitating annual revaluation
- Items within a class of PPE are revalued simultaneously in
order to avoid selective revaluation and the reporting of amounts
which are a mixture of costs and values at different dates
Approaches in Recording the Revaluation
Proportional Approach - the accumulated depreciation at the date of
revaluation is restated proportionately with the change in the gross
carrying amount of the asset; preferable method because it preserves the
gross and net amounts after revaluation
Elimination Approach - - the accumulated depreciation is eliminated
against the gross carrying amount of the asset and the net amount related
to the revalued amount of the asset
Impairment - is the fall in the market value of an asset
so that its recoverable amount is now less than its
carrying amount
Impairment loss - the excess of carrying amount over
recoverable amount
i PS OMNIS | en Re esa Laure ent Udy
Pree UosM ssa aoe C ac)INTANGIBLE ASSETS
- identifiable nonmonetary asset
without physical substance
aN UTM a
Se uieL ly
Sie
Se Lee eel em Satie
Sa Mur elle L Oy
Treatment
over the shorter between legal life of 20 years
anratent and useful life
biTrademark not amortized but tested for impairment at least
annually
c Goodwill not amortized but tested for impairment at least
annually
d. Research expensed outright
expensed outright;
e. Development - if technical feasibility was achieved, any
subsequent development cost is capitalized
f. Organization cost Expensed outright
subject to amortization and tested for
impairment if there is an indication of
impairment at the end of the reporting period
g. Intangible asset with
finite life
tested for impairment annually, and if there is
an indication of impairment at the end of the
reporting period
h, Intangible asset with
infinite life
JUNIOR PHILIPPINE INSTITUTE OF ACCOUNTANTS-
Set se
POMC Sd sid
Oe Oats