FLAT SLAB – It is a Reinforced Cement Concrete slab that is built with a supporting

column. Usually it does not have beams and girders. The loads are directly transferred to its
supporting column. It has drop panels that resists excessive shear stress
Advantages:
 Flexible in room layout where partition walls can be placed anywhere and it omit
false ceiling
 The reinforcement placement is easier.
 Less construction time
 Building height can be reduced
Disadvantages:
 Span length is minimum
 It is not suitable for supporting masonry partitions
 Critical middle deflection
FLAT PLATE – It is almost the same as flat slab, a reinforced concrete system that utilizes a
slab of uniform thickness. It is also the simplest of structural in terms of shape. A clean sheet
concrete extending throughout the building .
Advantages:
 Provides flexibility in locating the horizontal services such as mechanical ducts above
a suspended ceiling
 Simple formwork
 Building height can be reduced
Disadvantages:
 Covers minimum span length
 Lower lateral load capacity compared to solid lab system.
 Requires shear reinforcement at the column to resist punching.
 Not suitable for heavy loads.
RIBBED SLAB - A one-way joist floor slab consists of a series of small, reinforced concrete
T beams that are connected with girders that in turn carried by the building column.
WAFFLE SLAB - The system was designed to decrease the weight of traditional full-
concrete slabs. The dome-shaped forms create a matrix of voids surrounded by orthogonal
ribbing, producing a two-way configuration very suitable for large-spanning slabs.
Advantages:
 Economical when reusable formwork is used.
 Relatively light therefore less foundation costs and longer spans are economic
 It has longer spans
 Vertical penetration between ribs are easy
Disadvantages:
 Formwork cost is high
 Depth of slab between the ribs may control the fire rating
 Greater floor to floor height
 Large vertical penetrations are more difficult to handle
 Not suitable for heavy live loads such as in manufacturing building and warehouses