SOP Safe Work Procedure PDF

Originally Adopted: 9/6/2015
Safe Work Procedure –

Current Adoption:1.0
Document No: 00016
Due For Revision: 9/6/2017
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UTM DREDGING LIMITED
Safe Work Procedure

General maintenance
Document No: 00016
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Purpose
The purpose of this manual is to provide the operator with the correct information to safely carry out general maintenance
associated with RC surface drill rigs.
Scope
This SWP covers the :
 Immobilization
 General repairs and servicing
 Jacking and blocking
 Lifting
 Welding
 Battery maintenance
 Oxy and acetylene cutting
 Hand tools
 Tyre changing and inflation
associated with Marine Operations
Learning Outcome
At the completion of this training module the operator will be competent to safely carry out general maintenance associated with
Vessel Marine Operations
PPE Requirements
Hard Hat, Safety Glasses, Safety Boots, Hearing protection, Gloves
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STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

Unexpected movement of 1. Park machine on hard, level ground where possible.
Immobilisation vehicle 2. When immobilising a light vehicle or truck, leave the
Procedure transmission in first gear, engage the park brake and turn
engine off.
3. Switch off key and turn off isolation switch.
4. Tag out machine according to tagging regulations as per
Isolation Procedures.
5. Place chocks under wheels where required.
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Always use the Immobilisation Procedure. Because of the size of
General Repairs and some of the components, personnel should check the weight of the
Servicing Procedure object.
1. If it is overly heavy or awkward, then assistance from other
Manual handling injuries personnel should be sought.
2. If it is extremely heavy, then some mechanical means should be
used.
At all times, the correct lifting procedure should be used when

removing any components.
1. Always wear protective glasses and boots when working around
Eye injuries machines.
Caught in machinery 2. Do not wear loose fitting or torn clothing.
Ring avulsion injuries 3. Remove all rings from fingers when working on machines.
4. Where possible, ensure the machine is on a level, hard surface.
If jacking is required, follow Jacking and Blocking Procedure.

1. Use steps and grab handles when mounting or dismounting a
Slips/falls machine.
2. Clean any mud, oil or debris from steps, walkways or work
platforms before using.
3. Always face the machine when using steps, walkways and
ladders.
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All tools used for repairs or servicing should be of the correct type
General Repairs and and in good condition.
Servicing Procedure 1. Relieve all pressure in air, oil or water systems before any lines,
(cont.) Unexpected release of high fittings or related items are disconnected or removed.
pressure air 2. To avoid burns, be alert for hot parts on machines which have
Burns/scolds been stopped and hot fluids in lines, tubes and compartments.
3. Ensure all protective devices, including guards and shields are
Contact with moving parts properly installed and functioning correctly before starting
repair.
4. If a guard or shield is removed before repairs, use extra caution.
5. After service or repair, make sure all protective guards and
covers are secured in place on machine.
6. Make sure the machine deck, walkways and steps are free of
Slips/trips/falls from height debris, oil, tools or other items not part of the machine.
When servicing machinery, ensure all oil, water and grease levels
are correct according to specifications as per the manufacturer
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Unexpected hydraulic 1. Do not work on any machine that is supported only by lift jacks
Jacking and Blocking failure. Crush injury or hoists.
Procedure 2. Immobilize machine according to Immobilization Procedures.
Stand failure/crush injury 3. Ensure lift jack is of the correct capacity and height for the job.
4. Position the lift jack in an appropriate jacking point and jack
machine up to the required height.
5. Install stands in the correct positions and release lift jack slowly
until stands take up all weight of the machine.
6. If the top of the stands are not shaped to fit certain machine
Vehicle slipping off jack. components, i.e. flat wooden blocks are to be placed between
Crush injury the stand and the machine to prevent slipping.
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1. Immobilise the machine according to Immobilisation
Lifting Procedure Procedures.
2. Ensure lifting devices are in good condition and are of the
Failure of lifting devices correct capacity for the job.
3. Check slings for fraying and wear.
4. Check chains for stretching, cuts, kinks or any other signs of
damage and check that the certification tags are current.
5. Make sure lifting devices are attached correctly to the lift eyes.
6. No side loading on eyes during a lifting operation.
7. Make sure hooks are positioned correctly.
8. When using a forklift for lifting, ensure it is on hard, level
ground.
9. Make sure the load to be lifted is within the forklift’s capacity.
10. When using slings do not:
a) exceed SWL
b) drag
c) drop from height
d) kink
e) tie knots in
f) join with nut and bolt
g) place around sharp corners without packing
h) shock load
i) induce angles that exceed the SWL
j) store in weather
k) drag from under load.
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Welding Procedure 1. If welding on a machine, immobilise according to the
Immobilisation Procedure.
Battery explosion. Burns 2. Disconnect batteries.
3. Ensure all personnel other than the person performing the
Flash burns welding are clear of the area so as to reduce the likelihood of a
flash incident.
Burns from sparks/slag 4. Use the correct welding gauntlets, shield goggles, apron and
other protective clothing appropriate to the welding job being
performed.
5. Ensure there is adequate ventilation to remove welding fumes
Inhalation of fumes from the working area.
6. Check there is no flammable material within ten (10) metres of
Fire the welding job.
7. Welding diesel containers should be carried out with the diesel
Explosion of container drained and the container filled with water.
8. Avoid welding in and around water wherever possible.
9. If work must be done in wet conditions, ensure rubber boots are
Electrocution used and standing on rubber mats, if appropriate.
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Battery Changing and Explosion of battery gas Batteries give off flammable gases which are explosive. No
Charging Procedure Burns from acid/explosion smoking and no naked flames around batteries. Protective
gloves and glasses of the appropriate type should be worn.
Immobilise machine according to Immobilisation Procedures.
Remove the negative terminal first, then the positive. Remove
battery clamps. Remove batteries from machine. This job often
requires two people depending on the size and location of the
batteries. Where practicable, mechanical lifting devices should
be used. Remove the battery and take to a well ventilated area,
free of any ignition sources for charging. Remove battery caps
and check that the electrolyte is covering the cells. Ensure
charger is switched off and connect the charger clamps to
battery posts in correct polarity, usually black to negative and
red to positive. Check the charger is on the correct voltage for
the battery and that it is on low amps, then switch on. If the
temperature of the battery exceeds 50 degrees Celsius or it is
gassing violently or splashing electrolyte, stop charging or
reduce the rate. After the battery is charged, switch off power
and disconnect the battery from the charger. Check battery
caps to ensure vent holes are clear and then screw back in.
Check that the battery is charged.
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Battery Changing and Batteries can be connected so that more than one is charged at
Charging Procedure. once.
(cont.) Parallel Charging: Connect the positive of one battery to the
positive of another; negative of one to the negative of the other.
The number of batteries which may be connected depends on
the current capacity of the charger. Only batteries of the same
capacity should be charged at once and current will be equally
divided amongst the lot.
Series Charging: Connect the positive terminal of one battery to
the negative of the other. Each battery receives the full current
as shown by the charger. The number of batteries which can
be connected depends upon the voltage rating of the charging
source. Batteries of different capacity can be charged but the
rate must be set in line with the lowest capacity battery.
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THE USE OF OXYGEN
AND ACETYLENE Personnel
CUTTING EQUIPMENT Personnel who use oxygen and acetylene must:
a) Be trained to identify the contents of different gas containers
and know their potential hazards from the available MSDS
sheets.
b) Be trained in the operation and the use of safety and
emergency equipment provided (eg. fire extinguishers).
SAFE HANDLING OF OXYGEN AND ACETYLENE

BOTTLES
Equipment
Personnel who regularly move or handle gas cylinders, must be
provided with:
a) stout gloves (eg. leather)
Pinch/crush injuries b) protective footwear (eg. steel cap shoes)
c) trolley or other suitably designed device for transporting
cylinders. There should be provision for securing the
cylinder during the moving with a chain.
.
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THE USE OF OXYGEN
AND ACETYLENE Handling Techniques
CUTTING EQUIPMENT Most accidents or injuries whilst handling cylinders of compressed
(cont.) oxygen or acetylene occur whilst moving these cylinders. For this
reason, personnel are to:
a) remember the mass of the cylinder (up to 100kg)
Manual handling b) to be aware of trapping fingers between cylinders whilst they are
injuries being moved
c) when it is necessary to lift heavy cylinders, to manually to seek help
and observe the lifting posture
d) to use a trolley or other suitable device for transporting heavy
cylinders, even for a short distance and to ensure that the cylinder is
secured
e) to ensure regulator withdrawal equipment is disconnected and the
valve firmly shut when moving
f) to ensure that, when provided, valve protection caps and gas tied
outlet cap plugs are securely fitted to cylinders whilst they are being
moved and not in use.
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THE USE OF OXYGEN
AND ACETYLENE Storing Oxygen and Acetylene Cylinders
CUTTING EQUIPMENT Cylinders in storage must be:
(cont.) a) stood upright and properly secured to prevent toppling over to
Breakage of valve assy protect cylinder valve from damage
Unexpected release of high b) kept with supplied valve protection cap or guard or gas type
pressure gas valve outlet cap/plug securely in place
c) segregated in the storage area according to the various
categories (eg. flammable - oxygen; non-flammable - poison,
etc.)
d) segregated in the storage area according to content (ie. full or
empty)
e) manage to ensure that the older stock is used first
check periodically for general condition - severe rusting, leaks, etc
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SAFE TRANSPORT OF
COMPRESSED Checks Prior to Transport
CYLINDERS Gas containers must always be checked prior to transport to
OF OXYGEN AND ensure:
ACETYLENE a) the valves are closed and not leaking
Explosion/fire from leaking b) the valve outlet sealing plug or cap nut, where supplied, is
gas fitted and tightened using an appropriate tool. This device
provides a seal on the valve outlet in the event of the valve
being opened by mistake and is particularly important for toxic
gases.
Breakage of valve assy c) the valve protection cap or guard, where supplied, is correctly
Unexpected release of high fitted. This provides protection for the valve against
pressure gas mechanical damage, eg. if a gas container is dropped, or falls
over.
d) the cylinder or container is correctly labelled in accordance
with the Australian Dangerous Goods Code.
Type of Vehicle
Vehicles used for transporting cylinders of pressurised gas must
have a well ventilated load area (closed vehicles, eg. private cars,
small vans) must never be used to transport toxic gasses and
only with added precautions for other gasses. Vehicles carrying
gas containers should be equipped with a fire extinguisher
suitable for fighting fire or engine fires.
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SAFE TRANSPORT OF
COMPRESSED Load Security Safety
CYLINDERS a) the load on a vehicle must be adequately secured to prevent
OF OXYGEN AND movement during transport and it is important to bear in mind
the mass of the gas containers when securing them to the
ACETYLENE (cont.) vehicle
b) particular care should be taken when securing small gas
cylinders as experience has shown that these can easily be
lost. They are best carried in special ventilated cage, but
note, they must never be placed in the driver’s compartment.
c) unattended vehicles carrying gas cylinders should only be
parked in proper parking places, preferably those which are
secure and away from the general public
d) cylinders must not protrude outside vehicles
e) liquefied gasses, especially liquefied flammable gas, ie. LPG,
must always be transported vertically to ensure the mandatory
safety relief device is always in contact with the gas space.
This is a legal requirement.
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THE SAFE USE OF Gas Usage Area

COMPRESSED OXYGEN These should be:
AND ACETYLENE a) generally well ventilated
Fire/explosion from gas build
up b) Cylinders should be arranged so as to minimise fire risk in
the vicinity of the gas containers. It may also be necessary
to eliminate ignition sources. For example, where flammable
gasses are used, when non-combustion applications and
where there is a risk of leakage.
c) The area must be provided with appropriate safety and
emergency equipment and information (eg. fire
extinguishers, eye protection, emergency disposal system
and the necessary MSDS sheets).
Gas Handling/Control Equipment

It is important to use the correct pressure flow control
equipment. The choice of suitable pipework, fittings and
equipment is dependent upon the gas operating pressure. The
chemical and physical properties of the gas, the gas purity, and
other user requirements
Special Consideration
Always use a pressure regulator. Do not pipe at cylinder
pressure. Installations handling oxygen must be free of
flammable materials (eg. oil and grease).
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THE SAFE USE OF Personnel

COMPRESSED OXYGEN Personnel who use compressed gasses such as oxygen and
AND ACETYLENE acetylene should be trained in:
(cont.) a) the identification of the gas container contents and the
potential hazards. They should also have access to the
appropriate material safety data sheets.
b) the operation and use of the safety and emergency
equipment, where provided (eg. fire extinguishers, eye
protection, hand protection, etc.)
c) the handling and use of the gas container and its valve
d) the correct operation of the gas flow and control equipment
e) the importance of ensuring that the gas container is not
contaminated
f) what emergency procedures to institute should a problem
occur
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THE SAFE USE OF Compressed Gas Cylinder Pre-Use Checks

COMPRESSED OXYGEN Prior to connecting equipment and using gas from cylinders:
AND ACETYLENE a) check to see if they contain the correct gas for the intended
(cont.) usage by reference to the gas name label, reading the
instructions or warnings
b) secure properly to prevent toppling over or other movement
which would fracture the connecting pipework or damage
control equipment
c) remove by hand the disposable plastic plug initially fitted to
the cylinder valves after filling
d) check for cleanliness of the cylinder valve outlet as follows,
particularly on subsequent use for fire and matter which may
harm equipment and be hazardous:
 for Class 2.2/5.1 oxidising gasses (eg. oxygen), cracked
cylinder valve (open and quickly shut) to remove water
and dust. Do not use compressed air or cleaning cloths
which may lead to ignition due to oily residues
 for Class 2.1 flammable (eg. acetylene), use compressed
air or a clean brush to remove water or dust. Do not
crack the cylinder valve
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THE SAFE USE OF Care of the Cylinder

COMPRESSED OXYGEN Damage to cylinder/valve assy a) Do not drop cylinders from a height or allow cylinders to fall
AND ACETYLENE over.
(cont.) b) Secure cylinders against falling whilst in use, storage or
transport.
c) Do not allow naked flames to impinge on cylinders.
Explosion/fire d) Do not allow any form of heating that would artificially raise
the temperature of the cylinder above 45 degrees Celsius.
e) Do not use cylinders as rollers or supports for plates.
f) Protect cylinders from impact damage from passing vehicles.
g) Protect cylinders from paint spray, acids, alkalies, prolonged
water contact.
h) Do not strike electrical arcs on cylinders.
i) Do not cover up or repair signs of damage
j) Do not repair cylinder valves.
k) Keep cylinders, particularly the valves, clean. Do not use
cylinders with dirty valves. Do not attempt to clean valves
l) Close cylinder valves when the cylinder is not in use. Also
when the cylinder is empty. Refit any supplied valve cap or
gas tied outlet cap or plug.
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EMERGENCY PROCEDURES WHEN DEALING
THE SAFE USE OF WITH FIRE SITUATIONS OR FLAMMABLE
COMPRESSED OXYGEN COMPRESSED GASSES
AND ACETYLENE
(cont.) In general:
a) if possible, immediately isolate the gas supply so that it does
Burns not continue to flow into the affected area
Explosions b) Fire threatening compressed gas cylinders. If there is a risk
of rupture, explosion of cylinders subjected to prolonged
heating (such as in a fire), such cylinders should be moved
to a protected place before they become too hot, or if this is
not possible, cooled with water hosed from a protected
position, a safe distance away.
c) Any cylinder that has been involved in a fire, must be clearly
marked as such the supplier must be notified accordingly to
prevent hazards to people who refill cylinders. Never cover
up a fire damaged cylinder.
d) Ignited flammable gas leak: If possible, isolate the gas
supply. If this is not possible, DO NOT extinguish the flame.
Try to ensure the flammable gas burns in as controlled a
manner as possible. It does not ignite anything else and it
does not impinge upon any pressurised gas containers,
equipment or pipelines. If possible, keep surrounding area
equipment cooled by spraying with water from a protected
and safe distance.
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CARE AND USE OF Common Sense Rules When Using Hand Tools
HAND TOOLS 1. Select the right tool for the job
2. Use it in the correct manner
3. Make sure it is in good condition
4. Store it safely
Remember hand tools will not abuse you unless you abuse
them.
Hammers
Hammer Face
It is important that the hammer face is keep clean and free of
grease as these cause the hammer to slip possibly resulting in
Material flying off hammer face an injury. Never hit any items such as files that are harder than
Puncture injury the hammer as this produces pitting of the face which in turn
can cause slippage or twisting of the hammer during use.
Check the face of the hammer for these defects and get them
cleaned or refaced.
Safety Checks on Hammers

1. Before using a hammer, check that it is safe to use.
2. Check that the hammer head is firmly attached to the
Loose hammerhead projectile handle.
3. Check that the holding wedges are tight. Never use nails as
holding wedges.
4. Check that the hammer handle is free from cracks, splits and
splinters.
5. Check that the face is free from oil and grease or other
substances and free of pit marks.
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If any of the above items are found to be faulty, do not use the
CARE AND USE OF hammer, but replace it as soon as possible.
HAND TOOLS (cont.)
Use of Hammers
There are a few safety rules associated with the use of a
hammer.
1. Keep hands and fingers clear of the object being struck if
possible.
2. Place the hand at the base of the handle, ie do not choke
the hammer. The free end can strike objects and put your
swing off.
3. When chipping at metal using chisels, wear safety glasses -
Foreign body in eyes eyes cannot be replaced.
4. Do not use the side of the hammer head to strike objects.
Use only those faces designed for striking.
5. Do not use hammers that are faulty or damaged in any way.
Spanners
Spanners vary considerably in shape and size to provide ease
of operation and provide ease of operation under different
conditions.
There are four basic types:
1. open end spanner incorporating shifting spanner
2. tube or box spanners
3. socket spanners
4. ring spanners
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The choice of spanner for use on any particular job is one that:
CARE AND USE OF 1. fits exactly
HAND TOOLS (cont.) 2. allows room for use
3. allows the job to be done in the shortest possible time
Safe Use of Spanners

1. Exert effort on open end or ring spanners by pulling. Pulling
Contact with injuries is the safest as there is less chance of hitting knuckles if the
spanner or nut gives suddenly.
2. Use both hands on big spanners.
3. Keep yourself balanced and brace to avoid slipping in the
Slips/falls event that the spanner or nut giving suddenly.
4. Hold onto some support if there is any chance of falling.
5. Use two hands when turning tubular box spanners.
Normal spanners have a length that is approximately ten times

the width of the jaw opening. The correct pull on the end of the
shank will produce the required turning effect on the nut. Never
exert excessive pull on a spanner, particularly by using a pipe to
extend the length of the spanner.
Excess turning effect could:
1. strip the thread
2. shear the bolt
3. strain the jaws of the spanner
4. make the spanner slip and cause an accident
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CARE AND USE OF Importance of Correct Fit

HAND TOOLS (cont.) It is important not to use a spanner that does not fit correctly. It
could result in injury to you and damage to the spanner and the
nut. To fit exactly, a spanner must be the correct size, placed
correctly on the nut and in good condition. Never use a spanner
from one thread system on another thread system. Spanners
have there jaws slightly wider than the width of the nut so they
can be placed into position with ease. However, any more than
1/500th of a millimetre clearance causes the spanner to slip
under pressure. Place the spanner so that the jaws bear fully
on the flats of the nut. Failure to thrust the spanner fully on the
nut is liable to damage the spanner and the nut. Only when the
lower jaw makes contact with the outer edge of the flat, is a
maximum turning effect on the nut produced. In the correct
position shown, the spanner should pivot about the tip of the
lower jaw, springing open the jaws and bearing the edge of the
flat. This could possibly result in injury to the user.
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CARE AND USE OF Adjustable Spanners

HAND TOOLS (cont.) Most common types of adjustable spanners are similar to open
end spanners but they have one moveable jaw. The opening
between the jaw of a typical 250mm spanner can be adjusted
from 0 to 28mm. Adjustable spanners are convenient for use
where a full kit of spanners cannot be carried as for example, on
maintenance work. They are not intended to replace fixed
spanners which are more suitable for heavy work. Keep
adjustable spanners clean and oil moving parts occasionally.
Inspect for damage before use. If the moveable jaw or knurled
screw are cracked or worn, replace them with spare parts.
When using adjustable spanners, it must be remembered that
the length of the handle was designed to suit the maximum jaw
opening. Therefore, with smaller nuts, a smaller effort should
be applied to the handle, otherwise shearing of the bolt can
result.When using adjustable spanners, it must be remembered
that the length of the handle was designed to suit the maximum
jaw opening. Therefore, with smaller nuts, a smaller effort
should be applied to the handle, otherwise shearing of the bolt
can result.
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CARE AND USE OF The Stillson

HAND TOOLS (cont.) These wrenches are used primarily for turning pipes with a wide
range of diameters. Fixed to the handle is a jaw with outward
facing teeth. Attached to this handle by a pivot pin is a spring
loaded casing that carries a knurled adjusting nut. This
engages with a thread on the adjustable arm of the jaw with
inward facing teeth. Once the jaws are adjusted, the spring
loading keeps them in contact with the work and the toggle
action causes the hardened teeth to bite into the work. Use two
hands to set it on the work. Centre the work against the fixed
jaw. Use the left thumb to push the adjusting nut around to
close the jaws. When the grip is tight, pull the handle with the
right hand. When changing grip, use the left hand to keep the
adjusting nut steady and thereby the jaws are in the correct
position. The jaws will mark the surface of the work, therefore
never use Stilton wrenches on polished or plated work. Never
grip hardened materials as this will damage the teeth. Stillson
wrenches should never be used on nuts or bolt heads unless
that nut is so damaged, it has to be discarded.
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CARE AND USE OF Allen Keys

HAND TOOLS (cont.) These are hexagonal section bars of tool steel bent into an ‘L’
shape. They used to turn set screws having internal hexagonal
sockets and are available in sets ranging in size from 1.5mm to
25mm. When using these socket wrenches, make sure socket
and wrench are clean before use. Use the correct size and
insert to the full depth. Discard those wrenches with worn and
rounded edges as these are liable to slip
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CARE AND USE OF Screw Drivers

HAND TOOLS (cont.) Screw drivers are designed to tighten or loosen screws and
should not be used for any other purpose. Hand-held screw
drivers include standard types with tips to suit screw slots.
Special types (Philip’s) with tips to recessed head screws.
Standard Screw Drivers
Standard screw drivers are made with tips to turn

screws with slotted heads, blades of hardened and
tempered carbon steel. Usually handles are made of
metal, wood or moulded insulated material, shaped to
give a good grip for turning.
Standard Shaped Tips

A correctly shaped standard tip on a screw driver should ensure
that it engages the screw slot efficiently, is almost as thick as
the slot, exerts its turning moment at the bottom of the slot, has
a width not less than three quarters the length of the slot, and it
turns the screw with a minimum of downward pressure. If the
incorrect screw driver is used, this may result in damage to the
screw driver, damage to the workplace or injury to the hands.
Prior to use, screw drivers should be inspected and if the blade
is not of a uniform taper, then it should be removed and
replaced.
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Selecting The Correct Sized Tip
CARE AND USE OF
HAND TOOLS (cont.) It is most important when using a screw driver that the correct
size of the tip is selected. The width of the tip should be almost
equal to the length of the bottom of the slot. Too wide a tip and
damage the workplace whereas too narrow a tip can damage
the head of the screw. Tips that are too narrow exert turning
force too close to the screw axis. Under these circumstances,
the turning pressure tends to damage the screw driver tip or the
screw head rather than turn the screw. The thickness of the tip
should almost equal the width of the slot. If, on the other hand,
the tip is too thick, the tip cannot be inserted into the slot without
causing damage to the screw head. Find out the range of
screw drivers that best suit your work and always use the
correct one.
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CARE AND USE OF Using a Screw Driver

HAND TOOLS (cont.) After deciding which size tip is required for any particular job,
select the longest suitable screw driver with that size tip.
Ensure that the handle of the screw driver and your hands are
dry and free of grease and oils. Hold the screw driver with its
axis in line with the axis of the screw. Guide the blade with the
left hand. Apply just sufficient pressure with the right hand to
keep the tip in the slot and twist firmly and steadily. Always
brace small work against the bench or other firm support before
using a screw driver. Never hold small work in your left while
Pierce injuries using a screw driver as it could slip and pierce your hand. To
turn large screw, use a screw driver with a square blade using a
close fitting spanner on the blade to give extra turning force.
Never use pliers to apply twisting force to square blade of this
type of screw driver. Impact screw drivers are also available for
this class of work.
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CARE AND USE OF Special Type of Screw Drivers for Recessed Head Screws
HAND TOOLS (cont.) A wide variety of recessed head screws are used in
manufactured articles. It is important that the correct form of
screw driver is used on these screws as in the case of Philip’s
Head screws. Remember - right tool, right job.
Using a Screw Driver

After deciding which size tip is required for any particular job,
select the longest suitable screw driver with that size tip.
Ensure that the handle of the screw driver and your hands are
dry and free of grease and oils. Hold the screw driver with its
axis in line with the axis of the screw. Guide the blade with the
left hand. Apply just sufficient pressure with the right hand to
keep the tip in the slot and twist firmly and steadily. Always
brace small work against the bench or other firm support before
using a screw driver. Never hold small work in your left while
using a screw driver as it could slip and pierce your hand. To
turn large screw, use a screw driver with a square blade using a
close fitting spanner on the blade to give extra turning force.
Never use pliers to apply twisting force to square blade of this
type of screw driver. Impact screw drivers are also available for
this class of work.
Document No: 00016
Page 32 of 42
Revoked/Superseded:
CARE AND USE OF Special Type of Screw Drivers for Recessed Head Screws
HAND TOOLS (cont.) A wide variety of recessed head screws are used in
manufactured articles. It is important that the correct form of
screw driver is used on these screws as in the case of Philip’s
Head screws. Remember - right tool, right job.
Document No: 00016
Page 33 of 42
Revoked/Superseded:

Pliers
CARE AND USE OF Pliers, tongs and cutters are from the one family of tools. They
HAND TOOLS (cont.) have a pair of legs, joined by a pivot, each leg consists of a long
handle and a short jaw and thus applies the principles of levers
to gain mechanical advantage. Small pressure on the handles
gives great pressure on the jaws.
Some of the more popular types of pliers used are:
1. multi-grip pliers
2. engineers or combination pliers
3. side cutters
Multi-Grip Pliers
Multi-grip pliers are slip joint pliers having a sharp pivot which
can fit into a number of openings in the legs. This gives a range
of jaw openings allowing parallel gripping by the jaws in a
number of position. The longer handles on multi-grip pliers
allow a very strong jaw grip to be obtained. However, care must
be taken not to exert too much pressure as this could damage
the shaped pivot pin.
Document No: 00016
Page 34 of 42
Revoked/Superseded:
CARE AND USE OF Engineers or Combination Pliers

HAND TOOLS (cont.) A standard engineers or combination pliers as they are called
should have:
1. a serrated flat jaw grip for general gripping
2. a serrated pipe grip jaw for gripping cylindrical objects
3. side cutting blades for cutting small diameter soft wires
4. shear cutters for cutting steel wire
5. bear or insulated handles.
When using combination pliers for cutting short ends

from wire, the same precautions as described in the
use of side cutters, should be observed. Side Cutters
These should have:
1. jaws set at an angle
2. a single cutting blade jaw
Side cutting pliers are used for cutting small diameter wires,
cutting wires close to flush surfaces. Care should be exercised
Foreign body in eyes when cutting short ends of wire, especially steel wire, as they
are liable to fly when cut. Cut with the free end pointing away
from you and wear safety spectacles if necessary
Document No: 00016
Page 35 of 42
Revoked/Superseded:
CARE AND USE OF Using Pliers Safely

HAND TOOLS (cont.) There are some basic safety rules to be observed when using
pliers. Not only will the observance of these rules help to
prevent the user from receiving injury, but will also extend the
life of the tool.
1. always use the correct size and type of pliers
2. do not try to cut material that is too large or too hard for the
cutting jaws as this could deform or break them
3. never try to put extensions on the handles as this could
break them
4. never use pliers to turn nuts - use the correct size spanner
5. when gripping an object, pull towards you to turn it. There is
less danger of slipping
6. never use unprotected pliers to grip a hardened, polished or
plated surface.
7. keep the pliers clean. Wash in a suitable solvent and dry
regularly
8. oil the pivot pin to keep it free moving and reduce wear
9. inspect the pliers regularly. Worn tools can slip and damage
your hand and the work piece.
10. replace damaged insulating covers on the handles of
electrician’s pliers.
11. never subject pliers to heat as this can ruin them
12. worn out pliers can be used as tongs for holding hot work
when they are useless for anything else. Always wear
gloves for this operation.
Document No: 00016
Page 36 of 42
Revoked/Superseded:
CARE AND USE OF Hacksaws

HAND TOOLS (cont.) Most hand hacksaws have frames that are adjustable to take
several different lengths of blade. Set screw enables the bow to
be set in different positions and the handle to facilitate this. The
tension in the blade holding pieces has square shanks to allow
them to be set in any one of four positions, from the flats of
these pieces hardened steel pins projected at a slight angle to
hold the blade. A wing nut it provided to apply the correct
tension to the blade. Hacksaw frames should be well balanced
and rigid when tension. When not in use, it is most important
that the tension should be removed from the frame by loosening
the blade. Clean and oil the tension piece and wing nut from
time to time. To make cuts greater than the depth of the bow, it
is necessary to set the blade at right angles to the plane of the
frame. This can only be achieved if the work piece is sufficiently
narrow to clear the frame.
Choice of Hacksaw Blades

When performing any work where a hacksaw is to be used, the
selection of the blade is of the utmost importance. The
following notes may help you in deciding which hacksaw blade
is required for the particular job in hand.
Hacksaw blades are identified by the pitch of the teeth and the
number of teeth per inch (tpi). The size of the teeth is directly
related to the pitch - the finer the pitch, the smaller the teeth.
Document No: 00016
Page 37 of 42
Revoked/Superseded:
CARE AND USE OF Avoiding Damage to the Blade

HAND TOOLS (cont.) Obeying some simple common sense rules will help extend the
life of your hacksaw blade.
1. never allow the teeth to strike a sharp edge or straddle thick
work as this causes complete teeth to be broken out
2. limit the downward pressure on the blade when there are
only a small number of teeth in contact with the work.
Excessive pressure will crack the blade or break the points
of the teeth
3. keep the correct tension on the blade
4. keep the frame upright so that the blade does not tilt in the
cut
5. keep cutting straight so that the sideways thrust does not
twist the blade
6. normally, blades are pulled through the work by the front of
the frame, but if they jam in the cut, thrust from the back of
the frame causes the blade to buckle and break
7. always inspect the blade before starting a cut
8. replace blades that are worn, cracked or have missing teeth
Document No: 00016
Page 38 of 42
Revoked/Superseded:

CHANGING TYRES
Procedure for changing a tyre
Ensure the truck is parked on a level flat hard surface.
Unexpected movement of Ensure ignition is off.
the vehicle If on the road, ensure hazard lights are switched on and safety
Interaction with other triangles (if available) are placed in the appropriate position.
vehicles Ensure a wheel, other than the one being jacked, is chocked on
both sides.
Safety glasses and steel toe shoes are worn.
Locate jack.
Remove spare wheel from carrier and place beside flat tyre.
If there are no jack points, place jack under axle as close to the tyre
as possible. Jack the vehicle until jack ‘takes the weight’ of the
vehicle. Make sure the jack is capable of lifting and holding the
weight.
Check for left or right hand thread markings
Loosen wheel nuts without fully removing.
Jack vehicle until wheel is free.
.
Safely release pressure from wedge (if fitted) by tapping with wheel
brace.
Loosen nuts, studs and wedges with wheel brace and remove.
Remove outer wheel

Place wheel brace under bottom of tyre to take the weight off.
Remove tyre wheel and or rim from vehicle taking care not to
damage stud threads.
Remove tyre and lean it against the truck.
Remove spacer and place beside wheel.
Document No: 00016
Page 39 of 42
Revoked/Superseded:
Remove inner wheel

Place wheel brace handle under bottom of tyre to take the weight
off.
Use short sharp upward movement with wheel brace.
Pull wheel with other hand and slide rim off hub.
Replace inner wheel

Make sure all surfaces on hub wheel spacers are clean and without
damage.
Clean and prepare hub or spider for remounting of tyre wheel rim
assembly.
Place rim in position lined up with spider, hub or retaining studs.
Ensure the valve faces outwards.
Carefully mount wheel rim assembly making sure not to damage
stud threads. Make sure that the valve stem is correctly positioned
and accessible. Use wheel brace handle to lift tyre, then push
wheel into position.
Make sure valve is positioned between the two studs.
Inspect and refit spacer if applicable.
Replace outer wheel

Ensure valves are placed for easy access.
Spider and rim assemblies will require correct positioning of lugs
and pre-tensioning of nuts so that the
rotating assembly can be checked for lateral runout. When this is
achieved and the vehicle is lowered
from the jack, proceed with correct nut tensioning in the right
sequence.
Document No: 00016
Page 40 of 42
Revoked/Superseded:
Replace individual wedges retaining studs and nuts.

Wheel and hub assemblies will be self-centering provided that the
nuts have been tightened in the correct sequence and in the correct
torque. Note - make sure that nut and hole contours are correctly
matched.
Tighten nuts in sequence.
Lower and remove jack.
Securely tighten wheel nuts in sequence and correct torque - spider
rim to 250 and stud wheel hub to 450 to 500.
Replace flat tyre in carrier and resecure.
Replace tools and jack.
Remove chocks, warning sign and turn off hazard lights.
Recheck wheel nuts after driving for approximately 50 kilometres.
Correct jacking procedure

 use jack of sufficient capacity and in good condition
 use a base plate and or timber block under the jack to ensure:
weight is spread over a larger area
reduce the amount ram required before
contact is made with jacking point
 ensure jack is set up as close to vertical as possible and head
of jack is positioned in the centre of the jacking point to prevent
jack falling over or toppling as the load is applied ensure jack
release screw is in the raise position
 ensure handle is clear of obstructions
 pump jack until wheel is clear of ground
 Avoid being under vehicle while on the jack unless stand or
wheel is in place
Document No: 00016
Page 41 of 42
Revoked/Superseded:

WHEEL NUT
TIGHTENING
SEQUENCE
Document No: 00016
Page 42 of 42
Revoked/Superseded:

1. Immobilize the machine according to Immobilization Procedure.
TYRE INFLATION 2. Remove valve core and make sure tyre is completely deflated.
PROCEDURE 3. Always use correct tools and equipment.
4. Remove locking rings and flanges and tyre using correct tools
and equipment.
5. Examine all flanges, locking rings and rim gutters.
6. Make sure that all components are clean and adequately
lubricated.
7. Carefully assemble tyre wheel components.
8. Once a wheel rim and tyre have been assembled and before
any inflation, check the position of loose flanges, sleeve and
locking rings for correct seating.
9. Some method of restraining the locking ring must be in place
prior to the tyre being inflated and it must be ensured that the
tyre is properly centred on the rim and that the flange, locking
ring and bead are correctly seated.
10. All inflation lines must have a sufficient length of hose so as
personnel can stand clear during the inflation process.
11. In conjunction with this inflation device must be a valve and
gauge so the person operating the inflation device knows what
pressure the tyre is being inflated to.
12. Final inflation of the assembly must be an approved restraining
device, ie.
a) Cage. This can be used for small tyres and when available;
b) with specially designed chains if available;
c) by placing the light vehicle against the rim of the tyre that is
to be inflated. Before releasing the device, the tyre must be
visually checked to see that the rim is correctly seated.
Only trained personnel are to carry out this procedure.

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Originally Adopted: 9/6/2015

Safe Work Procedure –

UTM DREDGING LIMITED

Safe Work Procedure

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

At all times, the correct lifting procedure should be used when

If jacking is required, follow Jacking and Blocking Procedure.

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

SAFE HANDLING OF OXYGEN AND ACETYLENE

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

THE SAFE USE OF Gas Usage Area

Gas Handling/Control Equipment

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

THE SAFE USE OF Personnel

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

THE SAFE USE OF Compressed Gas Cylinder Pre-Use Checks

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

THE SAFE USE OF Care of the Cylinder

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

Safety Checks on Hammers

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

Safe Use of Spanners

Normal spanners have a length that is approximately ten times

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

CARE AND USE OF Importance of Correct Fit

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

CARE AND USE OF Adjustable Spanners

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

CARE AND USE OF The Stillson

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

CARE AND USE OF Allen Keys

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

CARE AND USE OF Screw Drivers

Standard Screw Drivers

Standard screw drivers are made with tips to turn

Standard Shaped Tips

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

CARE AND USE OF Using a Screw Driver

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

Using a Screw Driver

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

CARE AND USE OF Engineers or Combination Pliers

When using combination pliers for cutting short ends

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE

CARE AND USE OF Using Pliers Safely

STEP POTENTIAL HAZARD SAFE WORK PROCEDURE