Engineering Mechanics

Lecture # 05
Engr. Waqar Ahmad
M. Sc Structural Engineering
SUPPORT CONDITIONS:
SUPPORT CONDITIONS:
WORK:

Whenever a force acts on a body, and the

body undergoes some displacement, then
work is said to be done. e.g., if a force P,
acting on a body, causes it to move through
a distance S then work done by the force P

Work Done, W = P x S
If the direction of motion is not in the
direction of applied force, then the
component of force in the direction of
motion will be considered.

Work Done, W = Pcosθ x S

WORK:

One N-m. It is the work done by a force of 1 N,

when it displaces the body through 1 m. It is called
joule (briefly written as J)

Mathematically.

1 joule = 1 N-m
One kN-m. It is the work done by a force of 1 kN, when it
displaces the body through 1 m. It is also called kilojoule
(briefly written as kJ).

Mathematically.

1 kilo-joule = 1 kN-m
GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF WORK:

The work done, during any operation, may

also be represented by a graph, by plotting
distance along X-X axis and the force along
Y-Y axis.

Since the work done is equal to the product of

force and distance, therefore area of the figure
enclosed, represents the work done to some
scale. Such diagrams are called force-distance
diagrams.
SOLVED EXAMPLES OF WORK:
SOLVED EXAMPLES OF WORK:
POWER:

The power may be defined as the rate of doing work.

Mathematically,

Power = Work/Time

In S.I. units, the unit of power is watt (briefly written as W) which is equal to 1 N-m/s
or 1 J/s.
Generally, a bigger unit of power (kW) is used, which is equal to 103 W. Sometimes, a
still bigger unit of power (MW) is also used, which is equal to 106 W.

1 hp = 746 W = 0.746 kW
POWER:

The ratio of the work done by a machine to the work done on the machine during
the same time interval is called the mechanical efficiency em of the machine.

Mathematically,

𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡
𝑒𝑚 =
𝑃𝑖𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡