Indian Vet. J.

, May 2019, 96 (05) : 11 - 13

Blood Parameter Profile and Helminthiasis Identificationon in Sheep Fed with Diets
Rich in Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA)
Herinda Pertiwi1, Siti Eliana Rochmi and Tri Bhawono Dadi
Veterinary Paramedic Division, Health Science Departement, Faculty of Vocattional Study, Airlangga University,
Campus C UNAIR, Jl. Mulyorejo Surabaya, East Java 60115 Indonesia.

(Received : November, 2018 395/18 Accepted : January, 2019)

Abstract Materials and Methods

The experiment was conducted to investigate the
effect of Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA)
rich diet on hematological value and helminth
infestation of sheep. The experiment was carried
with control group fed only with basal ration
and other group were fed with basal ration in
addition to 4% maize oil and soya oil, and water
adlibitum. After eight months treatment, gastro
intestinal tract helminthiasis and hematological
changes were closely observed. In hematological
analysis,erytrocyte and thrombocyte levels were
significantly decrease (P<0.05), whereas MCV
level was increased significantly (P<0.05). in this
experiment during feeding of PUFA rich diets did
not exhibit clinical symptoms, PUFA rich diets
has antihelmintic effect against T.vitulorum,
T.giardi, H.contortus, B.phlebotomum and
T.globulosa.
Key words: Helminthiasis, Hematological
Analysis, PUFA, Sheep
In the dry season, feed ration should
have more dietary fat as energy source instead
of carbohydrates. High lipid in feed can decrease
the apparent energy need of the animal due to
the low specific dynamic action. Soomro et al.,
(2016) and Aguiar et al., (2016) showed that fat
supplementation in the ration could increase
feed efficiency, growth rate, digestibility but
decrease feed intake, reduce dust lossers, and
lower heat increament. The study was conducted
to elucidate more information on the effect of
PUPA on antihelminthic effects in sheep.
1
Corresponding author : Email : herinda.pertiwi@vokasi.unair.ac.id
A total 18 sheeps, 1-2 years old were purchased
from farmers were reared throughout the period
of study in proper atmosphere and good condi-
tion . Sheep were randomly divided into three
treatment groups of six each. Sheep were fed
with different level of oil inclusion (0%, 4% maize
oil, and 4% soya oil). The basal feed contained
89.75% dry matter, 13.38% crude protein, 6.71%
crude fat, 11.89% crude fiber and 59.15% total
digestible nutrient. After eight weeks, hemato-
logical analysis was conducted and helmints
eggs were counted and identified in the faeces by
native method. Data was analysed statistically
by one way ANOVA utilizing SPSS 16.
Results and Discussion
Haematological analysis is presented in Table
I. MCV were increased significantly (P<0.05),
whereas thrombocyte and erytrocyte were
decreased significantly (P<0.05). However
haemoglobin, haematocrite, leucocyte, mean
corpuscular value and mean corpuscular
hemoglobin concentration value didn’t have
significant changes (P>0.05).
In sheep, normal level of erytrocyte is
about 9 – 13 millions / mm3 (Soeharsono, et al.,
2010). Guyton, et al. (1991) proved that on the
high temperature of environment, haemoglobin
and erytrocyte level in the blood would decrease
sharply. Normaly this condition are regenera-
tive anemia which are able to recover into condi-
tion when the temperature of the environtment
decreases. Lower level of erythorcyte always
followed along with a decrease of haemoglobin
and hematocrite level (Palazzuoli, et al., 2011).
The enviroment temperature during this experi-

The Indian Veterinary Journal (May, 2019) 11

 Blood Parameter Profile and Helminthiasis ...

Table I. Hematological values of sheep as influenced by polyunsaturated fatty acid diet

Hematology P0 P1 P2
Hemoglobin (g/100ml)NS 8.733 a
8.3 a
9.967 a
Leucocyte (103/ml) NS 4.62 a 6.61 a 8.103 a
Erytrocyte (106/ml) S 9.727a 4.13 b 4.388 ab
Thrombocyte S 315.83 a 138 b 251 ab
Haematocryte (%) NS 14.77 a 16.2 a 16.73 a
MCV (fl) S 37.58 a 37.8 b 38.133 ab
MCH (pg) NS 22.65 a 19.4 a 23.45 a
MCHC (%) 60.567 a 51.52 a 61.867 a
Mean values bearing same superscript in columns did not differ significantly; NS-Not Significant (P>0.05)

Table II. Faecal egg count as influenced by PUFA rich diets in sheep.

Helminth Egg Identified P0 P1 P2

Toxocara vitulorum 230a ± 20.66 73.6b± 15.94 66ab± 10.14

Tisaniezia giardi 120a± 20.95 55.33b± 10.4 0.0ab

Haemoncus contortus 129.66a± 20.98 0.0b 640ab± 22.6

Bunostomum phlebotomum 62a± 12.12 0.0b 0.0ab

Tricuris globulosa 45.33a± 23.28 0.0b 0.0ab

Mean values bearing same superscript in columns did not differ significantly; NS-Not Significant (P>0.05)

ment was high enough to give heat stress (33
– 41oC), group P1 and P2 had anemia when they
were fed by PUFA rich diet.
The reduction of platelet production may
be due to the overall decreased hematopoiesis.
Significant decrease of thrombocytes in this
experiment did not effect pathological condition
in sheep because it was still normal, as explained
by Kramer (2000) that normal count of platelets
in the blood of sheep are 300-600 x 103. Likewise
thrombocytes, increasing of MCV level of sheep
in this study were still normal. Normal amount
of MVC of sheep was between 33 – 40.6 fl, none
of group had MCV level below 30 fl. Drop of MCV
level could indicate macrocytic hypochromic
where erytrocyte cells were formed bigger but
the amount were small (Schalm, 1965).
PUFA from maize based soya based diets
could reduce the occurance of helminths infesta-
tion in the gastro intestinal tract (Table II). The
4 % maize oil and soya inclussion in feed reduced
the feacal egg count of Toxocara vitulorum,
Tisaniezia giardi, Haemoncus contortus, Bunos-
tomum phlebotomum and Tricuris globulosa.
The basal feed contained Curcuma
domestica val powder as a herbal antihelmintic.
However, the groups which were fed by PUFA
dietary maize base and soya base had less
number of helmints infestation than control
group (curcuma only without PUFA). Poly
unsaturated fatty acid in feed could enhance
the activities of tanin, saponin, and flavonoid of
curcuma to act against helminths in the gastro
intestinal tract. Ha et al (1987), and Michal et
al (1992) explained that inclusion of plant oils
in the feed had promising effects on conjugated
linoleic acid (CLA) content of the blood lipid, it
has potential health benefits such us immune

12 The Indian Veterinary Journal (May, 2019)

 Herinda Pertiwi et al.
stimulating effect. However,Wang et al (2016)
showed that obesity development in neuron-
specific lipoprotein lipase deficient mice was not
responsive to increased dietary fat content or
change in fat composition.
Blok et al (1992) reported that, PUFA
could be an antiparasitic effect on the in vivo
production of proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1,
and TNF. Soya oil and maize oil in diet could
reduct IL-12 and IFN-ɤ production during the
early phase of bacterial infection (Fritsche, et
al., 1999). Fish oil administration in rat has
decreased the number of adult worms Trichi-
nella spiralis and larvae and increase IFN-ɤ and
IL-4 production (Gomez, et al., 2003).
Summary
Based on data reported in this study, it can be
concluded that PUFA rich dieatry could be used
as antihelmintic supplement without influence
health status of sheep.
Akcnowledgement
Authors are grateful to Faculty of Vocca-
tional Studies, Airlangga University, Surabaya
Indonesia for the supports in conducting the
study. This study used funding from Grand of
PDP RKAT Fakultas Vokasi UNAIR 2018.
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