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Ws - 201 Motion I Amended PDF
Ws - 201 Motion I Amended PDF
1 mm= _______ m
1 cm = 10−2 m
1 km = _______ m
B Time
1 The SI unit of time is _______________, written as __________.
2 Prefixes can be added to form larger or smaller units of time:
1 s = 10−6 s
1 ms = _______ s
3 Other common units of time:
minute: 1 min = _______ s
hour: 1 h = 60 min = ______________ s = _______ s
4 Measuring time with a stop-watch involves human response. The time for the
response
is called the human ____________ time. Using a machine which takes measurements
automatically can avoid error due to this.
Checkpoint 1
Convert the units of the following lengths and times.
(c) 24 h = __________ s
(a) Displacement
• the length and direction of the __________
end line pointing from the __________ position
to the __________ position
• a vector quantity (with both ____________
and ______________)
• e.g. 172 m due north
(b) Distance
• the length of the ___________ travelled
start
• a scalar quantity (with _____________
only)
• e.g. 347 m
Checkpoint 2
The figure below show the paths travelled by an object. Draw the displacement vector and
hence find the total displacement.
final position
1m N
3m
3m
initial position
Solution
By Pythagoras’ theorem,
1m
magnitude of the displacement
3m
=
3m
Using trigonometric ratio to find the direction of the displacement:
tan =
=
The total displacement is ___________________.
Solution
(a) Total distance travelled =
(b) In the figure below, sketch the path of the car and label the distance in each part of it.
Hence sketch the displacement vector.
initial position
By Pythagoras’ theorem,
magnitude of the displacement =
Checkpoint 4
Convert the units of the following speeds.
110 km m
(a) 110 km h−1 = = = __________ m s−1
1h s
B Velocity
1 Velocity = ___________________ per unit time
total displaceme nt
Average velocity =
total time of travel
A 5 km h−1 B
C
3 km h−1
Checkpoint 6
A car enters a roundabout at P at time t = 0. It then travels
in the roundabout at a constant speed of 8 m s−1 and back
to P at t = 10 s.
(a) Compare the instantaneous velocity at t = 2.5 s
and t = 7.5 s. P
(b) Find the average speed and average
velocity from t = 0 to t = 10 s.
Solution
(a) The instantaneous velocities at t = 2.5 s and t = 7.5 s have the same / different
magnitudes but the same / different directions.
Solution
Sketch the path of the journey in the space below.
N
initial position
2 Note that
• The magnitude of instantaneous velocity is always equal to / different from the
instantaneous speed.
• An object moving at a constant speed must / may not have a constant velocity.
• If an object moves at a constant velocity, it is in uniform motion. Its average
velocity is then equal to / different from its instantaneous velocity.
D Acceleration
1 Acceleration = ________________________ per unit time
Checkpoint 8
A leopard sees a goat and runs towards it along a straight
path. It starts from rest and reaches a velocity of 70 km
h−1 in 2 s. Find the magnitude of its average acceleration.
Express your answer in m s−2.
Solution
Magnitude of average acceleration
total change in velocit y
=
total time of travel
=
Checkpoint 9
Janice starts walking from A at time t = 0. She first walks 20 m towards the east in 10 s to
reach B, and then walks 24 m towards the east in 8 s to reach C. Finally she walks at a
constant speed of 1 m s−1 to go back to B.
east
1 m s−1
A 20 m B 24 m C
(a) Take the direction towards the east as positive. Find the displacement, time of travel and
velocity in each part of the journey. Complete the table below with appropriate steps.
Displacement Time of travel Velocity
+ 20
From A to B +20 m 10 s = +2 m s−1
10
From B to C
From C to B
Whole journey
(b) If the direction towards the west is taken as positive, the ________________ and
__________________ in (a) will change their signs while the ________________ will
remain unchanged.
Checkpoint 10
A ball is thrown upwards and then drops back to the
speed
ground. The figure shows the path of the ball. The ball B
speed = 8 m s−1
first passes A at 12 m s−1 and then passes B at 8 m s−1 = 12 m s−1 A
Solution
Take the upward direction as positive.
Average acceleration =
The average acceleration of the ball from A to B is _________________________.
New Senior Secondary Physics at Work (Second Edition) 8 Lesson Worksheets 2
© Oxford University Press 2015
Checkpoint 11
A car travels along a straight road as shown. Take the direction to the right as positive.
v = −2 m s−1
a = +1 m s−2
The car has a uniform acceleration of +1 m s−2. It has a velocity of −2 m s−1 at the moment
shown. Describe the subsequent motion of the car.
Solution
The car is moving to the left / right at the moment shown. It speeds up / slows down and
finally travels in the _______________ direction.
2 Note that
• When a is +ve, the object must be / may not be moving towards the +ve direction.
• When a is −ve, the object must be / may not be slowing down.
• When a and v have the same sign, the object is speeding up / slowing down.
When a and v have have opposite signs, the object is speeding up / slowing down.