Electromagnetic Field (EE) PD-GD Workbook Solutions

1. (11.11)
Given : Radius of sphere ' a '  10 cm
Capacitance of isolated sphere is given by
C  4a
1
 4 109 10 102
36
10
 1011
9
 11.111012 F
 11.11 pF
2. (A)
Given : V ( x, y, z )  ( x cos xy  y ) iˆ  ( y cos xy ) ˆj  (sin z 2  x 2  y 2 ) kˆ
Divergence of the vector field will be
  
  V  {( x cos xy  y )}  { y cos xy}  {sin z 2  x 2  y 2 }
x y z
 [cos xy  xy sin xy]  [cos xy  xy sin xy]  2 z cos z 2
 2 z cos z 2
Hence, the correct option is (A).
3. (A)
The total charge inside a spherical conductor is given as
4
Q  R 3
3
At a radius r (0  r  R) the total charge will be
4
Q r 3 3
3 r
Q'   Q 
4 3 R
R
3
From Gauss’s Law
 D  ds  Total charge
Electromagnetic Field : EE Coordinate System and Electrostatics 2
3
r
D  4r  Q  
2

R
Qr
D
4R3
D 1 Qr
E 
 0 40 R 3
Hence, the correct option is (A).
4. (C)
z>0
Q1 Q2
z=0 xy plane
10μC 20μC
z<0

The charges are lying on the xy plane. Hence, half of the flux will pass through above the plane (i.e. z  0)
and half will pass through below the plane (i.e. z  0) .
Now total flux = Total charge enclosed
 10 μC  20 μC  30 μC
30
Total flux passing through infinite plane z  20 will be μC  15μC
2
Hence, the total electric flux passing through a plane z  20 is 15μC .
5. (A)

r  xiˆ  yjˆ  zkˆ
  
div  r    r
    


div  r   iˆ  ˆj  kˆ  . xiˆ  yjˆ  zkˆ
 x y dz 

 x y z
div  r     3
x y z
Hence, the correct option is (A).
6. (C)
Given: A  20  40 cm2  8 102 m2
 0 r  2.26  8.85 1012 F/m
Breakdown strength of the dielectric  50kV/cm =5 106 Volts/m
For a distance of separation, d meter; minimum voltage that can be applied,
Vm  5  106 d Volts
Minimum charge of the capacitor,
A
Qm  CVm , where C 
d
A
Qm   5 106 d  5 106 A
d
Qm  5  106  2.26  8.854 1012  8 102 C
Electromagnetic Field : EE Coordinate System and Electrostatics 3
Qm  8 C
Hence, the correct option is (C).
7. (A)

Given : A  k r niˆr
 1  1 
  A  2 (r 2  kr n )  2 (kr n  2 )
r r r r
 k
  A  2 (n  2)r n 1  (n  2)k r n1
r

For   A  0
n20
n  2
Hence, the value of n is – 2.
8. (C)
Given :
(i) A dielectric slab with 500 mm  500 mm cross-section is 0.4 m long.
  
(ii) The slab is subjected to a uniform electric field of E  6ax  8a y kV/mm.
(iii) The relative permittivity of the dielectric material is equal to 2.
(iv)   2  8.85 1012 F/m
Magnitude of electric field can be written as,

E  62  82  10 kV/mm
Energy stored in dielectric is given by,
1 1
WE   E 2 dv  E 2  dv
v 2 2 v

1 1
WE  E 2  Volume  E 2  A  l
2 2
2
1  10  103  3 2
WE   2  (8.85  1012 )   3  (500 10 )  0.4
2  10 
WE  88.5 Joule
Hence, the correct option is (C).
9. (B)
Given : Q  320 2 C at coordinate (0,0,2).
z 32pe 0 2
Columbs
y
(0,0,2)
V=0
R2
( 2, 2, 0)
x
R1

(0,0,–2)
-32pe0 2
Columbs
Electromagnetic Field : EE Coordinate System and Electrostatics 4
Due to charge at (0, 0, 2), and conductor plane there is an image at (0, 0, –2).
Electric field intensity at any point is given by,
 Q 
E R
40 R3/2
Electric field intensity due to charge at (0, 0, 2),
 Q 
E R1
40 R13/2
 32 0 2   
E1  3
( 2 ax  2 a y  2 az )
4 0 (2  2  4) 2

Electric field intensity due to charge at (0, 0, –2) ,

 Q 
E R2
40 R23/2

 320 2   
E2  3
( 2 ax  2 a y  2 az )
40 (2  2  4) 2

      
E  E1  E2  0 ax  0 a y  2 az  2 az
Hence, the correct option is (B).
10. (A)
Given : A hollow metallic sphere of radius r is kept at potential of 1 volt.

Hollow metallic sphere of radius ‘r’ i.e. equipotential surface or uniformly charged ‘q’.
Potential on the surface is given by,
q
V0  1
4 0 r
Charge, q  40 r
For spherical surfaces of radius R  r , from Gauss’s law,
Total flux leaving the surface   Total charge enclosed  q  40 r
Hence, the correct option is (A).
11. (B)
   
P. Stokes Theorem  4.  (  A ) ds   .dl
A
 
Q. Gauss’s Theorem  ds  Q
 1.  D
Electromagnetic Field : EE Coordinate System and Electrostatics 5
 
R. Divergence Theorem  3.  (A) dv  
 Ads

S. Cauchy’s Integral Theorem  2.  f ( z )dz  0

Hence, the correct option is (B).
12. (C)

(i) For X there is outward flow of charge density. Hence divergence is non – zero.

i.e.   X  0

(ii) For Y , it is rotating clockwise, so it is a rotational vector. Hence, it’s curl will be non zero and
negative.

i.e.   Y  0 and  Y  negative

(iii) For Z , it is rotating clockwise and also there is outward flow of charge density. Hence, it’s
divergence and curl both are non-zero.

i.e.  Z  0
Hence, the correct option is (C).
13. (A)
       
 A  dL   ( a  a  a z )  ( d a  d a  dza z )
  2
For path OP,  A  dL   d   2
0

   /2 
For path PQ,   dL  0 d   2  2  
A

  0
For path QO,   dL   d    2
A
2
 
   dL  2    2  
A

14. (A)

Given : A  2 r cos ar
  1   /2   0  
  dl   A  ar dr   A  rd (ar  a )   A  ar  ar dr
A
0 0 1

X axis   0
  1  
  dl   2r cos  ar  dr ar
A
0

1
1 r2
 0 2 r dr  2
2 0
1

 /2
0
2r cos (0)  0
0 
1
2r cos  dr  This integral is along Y axis i.e.  
2
Electromagnetic Field : EE Coordinate System and Electrostatics 6
0 
So, 1
2r cos  dr  0
2
Therefore answer is 1.
15. (D)
  /2   
AB dl  0 R  d  a  2 Ra
 R  

BC
dl   dl (  a y )   2 Ra y
R

 
  

CD
dl  
  /2
R  d a   Ra
2
    
  dl   dl   dl   dl
C AB BC CD
  2 Ra y

16. (B)
If the curl of a vector filed is non-zero, then it is said to be irrotational and conservational.
Hence, the correct option is (B).
17. (B, C)
According to electric boundary conditions :
(i) The tangential component of electric field is same on both side of charge free boundary.
(ii) The normal component of electric flux density is equal on both side of charge free boundary.
Hence, the correct option is both B and C.
18. (B)
Given :  s  1/6000 C/m 2
z

r r
- ay + ay

y
y=6

The electric field strength is given by,

  
E  s an
2

where, an is the unit vector normal to the plane y  6 m .
Electromagnetic Field : EE Coordinate System and Electrostatics 7
Case 1 :
To determine the electric field strength to the left of the plane,
 
an   a y
Electric field is,
  
E   s ay
2
 106  36 109 
E ay
6000 2
 
E   3a y V/m  3 ˆj V/m
Case 2 :
To determine electric field strength to the right of the plane.
 
an  a y
Electric field is,
  
E  s ay
2
 
E  3a y V/m  3 ˆj V/m

Hence from case 1 and case 2, electric field strength will be either 3 ˆj V/m or  3 ˆj V/m .
Hence, the correct option is (B).
19. (A)
Given : A metal sphere with radius = 1 m and surface charge density  s  10 C/m 2
The total charge on the sphere is given by,
Q   s 4 r 2  10  4 (1) 2
Q  (40 ) C
This sphere is enclosed in a cube of side = 10 m.
According to Gauss’s law, the net electric flux flowing out through a closed surface (normal to the surface)
is equal to the charge enclosed.
 
  dS  Qenc
D
s

Total outward electric flux (displacement)  (40 ) C normal to the surface of the cube.
Hence, the correct option is (A).
20. (D)
Given : E  2 V/m,   80 0
This is a special case of conductor-dielectric boundary condition.
Under static condition, following conclusion can be made about a perfect conductor.
1. No electric field may exist within a conductor.
s  0, E  0
Electromagnetic Field : EE Coordinate System and Electrostatics 8

2. Since E  V  0 , i.e. there can not be potential difference between any two points in the conductor.
So conductor is an equipotential body.
3. Electric field can be external to the conductor and normal to the surface.
Dt  0r Et  0
Dn  0r En  s
Hence total electric field of a perfect conductor is given by only normal component.

En  s
0r
s
2
80  8.85 1012
 s  1.41 109 C/m 2
Hence, the correct option is (D).
21. (C)
. Method 1 :
From Maxwell’s equation,
  
  H  JC  J D
 
J C is conduction current density and J D is displacement current density. Both have unit A/m2 . So, Unit

of  H is A/m2 .
Hence, the correct option is (C).
. Method 2 :
(del) operator has unit per meter and H (magnetic field intensity) has unit A/m .
Hence, the correct option is (C).
22. (A)
Given :
Area of air filled parallel plate capacitor,
A  104 m2
Separation between plates, d  103 m
Source voltage, Vs  0.5 V at f  3.6 GHz
Displacement current density is given by,
 
J d  j E
Magnitude of displacement current density is
J d   E
where,   2f ,   0 r , r  1 (for air)
Electric field is given by,
V
E  s
d
Electromagnetic Field : EE Coordinate System and Electrostatics 9
Vs
J d  2f  0
d
109 0.5
J d  2 3.6  109  
36 103
J d  100 A/m 2

Since, displacement current, I d  J d  A

I d  100 104  102 A

I d  10 mA
Hence, the correct option is (A).
23. (B)
 
Given : V    A
Taking surface integral in both the sides,
   
 V
S
 dS   (  A
S
)  dS … (i)

From Stokes theorem,

   
 S
(  A)  dS   A  dl
C
… (ii)

From equation (i) and (ii),

   
 V
S
 dS    dl
A
C

Hence, the correct option is (B).

24. (0)
Given :
  
A  (cos x )(sin y )ax  (sin x )(cos y )a y
From above expression,
Ax  cos x sin y , Ay  sin x cos y

Curl of A is given by,
  
ax ay az
   
 A 
x y z
Ax Ay Az
  
ax ay az
   
 A 
x y z
cos x sin y sin x cos y 0
       
 A  ax  0  (sin x cos y )   a y  (sin y cos x )  0 
 z   z 
Electromagnetic Field : EE Coordinate System and Electrostatics 10

 A  0

Hence, the magnitude of curl of A is 0.
25. (A)
   
Given : P  x 3 yax  x 2 y 2 a y  x 2 yzaz
For a vector to be solenoidal,

P  0
 P Py Pz
P  x  
x y z

  P  3x 2 y  2 x 2 y  x 2 y  0

So, P is solenoidal.
For a vector to be irrotational,

 P  0
  
ax a y az
   
 P 
x y z
Ax Ay Az
  
ax ay az
   
 P 
x y z
x y  x y  x 2 yz
3 2 2

   
  P  ax (  x 2 z )  a y (2 xyz )  az (2 xy 2  x3 )  0

So, P is not irrotational.
Hence, the correct option is (A).
26. (-3)
Given :   2x 2  y 2  cz 2
Electric field is given by,

E  V  
        
Now E    ax  ay  az 
 x y z 
  (2 x 2  y 2  cz 2 )  
 x
ax 
 
   (2 x 2  y 2  cz 2 )  
E    ay 
y
 
  (2 x 2  y 2  cz 2 )  
  az 
 z 
Electromagnetic Field : EE Coordinate System and Electrostatics 11
   
E  (4 xax  2 ya y  2czaz )
In source-free region, v  0
  
  D  0 (If v  0 then   D   v ) (  E )  0

E  0
Ex E y Ez
  0
x y z
  
( 4 x)  ( 2 y )  ( 2cz )  0
x y z
4  2  2c  0
c  3
Hence, the value of constant c must be –3.
27. (78.54)
. Method 1 :
  
Given : Vector field D  22 a  zaz in the region enclosed by the surfaces
  1, z  0 and z  5
S be the surface bounding this cylindrical region. So surface integral on S is,
 
I   dS
D
s
z
z=5

r=1

x
S is the closed surface of cylindrical.
Using Gauss divergence theorem,
   
I   D  dS   (  D)dv …. (i)
s
v


Divergence of D is given by,
  1  D  1 D Dz
div D    D      
      z
D  2 2 , D  0 and Dz  z
 1  
So, D  (  22 )  0  ( z )
  z
 2  3 2
D   1  6  1

Electromagnetic Field : EE Coordinate System and Electrostatics 12
V is the volume bounded by closed surface ‘S’.
dv  d (d )dz  d d dz …. (ii)
From equation (i) and (ii),
z 5 2  1
I    (6  1)  d  d  dz
z  0  0  0

z 5 2 
1 
I z 0 0 0 (6  )d d dz
2

 
z 5 2  1
2
I   2  d dz
3

z  0  0
2 0
z 5 2 
 1
I    2 1  2  d  dz
z  0  0

5  
z 5 2 

2 z0  0 
I  d   dz

5
I   2 5  25  78.54
2
Hence, the surface integral of this field on S is 78.54.
. Method 2 :
Closed surface of cylindrical region,
 
S   D  dS
s
     
S   D  dS   D  dS   D  dS
cylindrical top bottom

2 5    2 5   
S  (22 a  zaz )  d  dz a    (22 a  za z )  d  d  a z
 0 z  0, 1  0  0, z 5

2 1   
  (2 2 a  zaz )  (  d d az )
 0  0, z  0

2 5 2 1 2 1
S  23 d  dz    z d  d     z d  d 
 0 z  0, 1  0  0, z  5  0  0, z  0

1 
S  (2  2 5)    2 5 
2 
S  25  78.54
Hence, the surface integral of this field on S is 78.54.
28. (-0.25)
Given : r1  2 m, r2  4 m, r3  8 m
 s1  20 nC/m 2 , s 2   4 nC/m 2
From Gauss law,
 
  dS  Qenc
D
Electromagnetic Field : EE Coordinate System and Electrostatics 13

If D  0 , then Qenc  0
Qenc1  Qenc 2  Qenc 3  0
Since, Qenc    s ds

Hence, s1 (4r12 )  s 2 (4r2 2 )  s 3 (4r32 )  0

20(4 22 )  4(4 42 )  s (4 82 )  0
320  256  s 256  0
256  320
s    0.25 nC/m 2
256
Hence, the value of s is  0.25 nC/m2 .
29. (B)
   
Given : F  (3 y  k1 z )ax  (k2 x  2 z )a y (k3 y  z )az
 
and F is irrotational i.e.  F  0
  
ax ay az
   
 F 
x y z
(3 y  k1 z ) (k2 x  2 z ) (k3 y  1)
    
 F  ax  (k3 y  1)  (k2 x  2 z ) 
 y z 
       
a y  (k3 y  1)  (3 y  k1 z )  az  (k2 x  2 z )  (3 y  k1z ) 
 x z   x y 
   
  F  (k3  2)ax  (k1 )a y  (k2  3)az

For  F to be zero,
k1  0, k2  3 and k3  2
Hence, the correct option is (B).
30. (A)
At the interface,
Dn1  Dn2  s
s  0  r1 En1 0  r2 En2
 s  3 0 (2aˆ x )  2 0 aˆ x
s   4 0 aˆ x
Netgative sign indicates that D is directed from region 1 to region 2.
31. (B)

The direction of H can be determined bny right hand rule with he right hand thumb pointing in the

direction of the current, the right hand fingers encircling the wise is direction of H i.e.  aˆ z .

So,  H  0
Electromagnetic Field : EE Coordinate System and Electrostatics 14
32. (B)
 
By Gauss’s law,   ds  Q
D

Charge inside R1 circle   1C

Charge inside R2 circle  1C  2C  3C
Charge on inner surface of outer most circle is 3C [sin 6  3C on outer surface]
Entire charge on outer surface of outer sphere (i.e., R3 sphere)
 3C  4C  1C
33. (A)
 
If A, B are conservative.
Then A  B  ?
( A  B)  0 (div[curl])  0
 A  B is solenoidal.
34. (B)
Area  1500cm , d  5mm
2

e0 = 3

d
t = 2 mm
Fig. (1) Fig. (2)
0 A
In fig. C1 
d
A0 1500 104  8.854 1012

d 5103 102
 A A
C2  0  0 r (due to thin slab)
d1 2mm
0 A  1 3 
C2    
d  d1 2 
It is given that,
C1  C2
1 3 1
 
d1 2 5
1 1 3
 
d1 5 2
2
d1  5 
3
Electromagnetic Field : EE Coordinate System and Electrostatics 15
d1  4.33mm
 Separation between 2 plates
d1  t  6.33mm
35. (D)
Potential difference is given by,
 Q    
E
4  0 r 2
a r , V     dl
E

Electric field intensity is given by,

R2 Q  
V   a ( d r ar )
R1 4  0 r 2 r

R2
Q
V
40 r R1

Q 1 1
V    …(i)
40  R2 R1 
Q
C
V
From (i), we get
Q  R1  R2 
V  
40  R1R2 
Q 4  0 R1 R2

V R1  R2
4  0 ( R1 R2 )
C
R1  R2

R2

R1

36. (B)
Capacitance of sphere
C  4 0 a
Voltage at the centre of sphere
Q
V 
4  0 r
Where a = radius of sphere
r = distance between the centre of sphere and point charge
Electromagnetic Field : EE Coordinate System and Electrostatics 16
Total induced charge on the conducting sphere
qind  CV
Q Qa
qind  4 0 a  
4 0 r r
10  2
qind  C  4 C
5
37. (A)
The magnitude of electric field intensity at a point P due to an infinitely long uniform charge density 
is
 
E
2  0 r
where r is the perpendicular distance from the point to the infinitely charge density.
Here, in both the cases, perpendicular distance r is same and
r  62  12
Therefore, the electric intensity at (5, 6, 1) is the same as that at (0, 6, 1).
Or
Consider the infinitely long uniform change density show in the figure.
The electric field intensity produced at a distance  from an infinite line charge with density  L is defined
as
L
E
2 0
z
+
+
+
+

5
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+

P(0,6,1)
1
y
3 6

Q(5,6,1)
5
x
Since, the normal distance vector of points P(0,6,1) and Q(5,6,1) from the line charge will be same so, the
field intensity produced to the infinite line at both the points P and Q will be same.
Therefore, the field intensity at (5,6,1) is E.
38. (C)
   
Given : E1  5ax  2a y  3az ,  r1  4,  r2  2
 
En1  3az
Electromagnetic Field : EE Coordinate System and Electrostatics 17
Dn1  Dn2
 0  r1 En1   0  r2 En2
r1 4  
En2  En1   3az  6az
r2 2
 
En2  6az
39. (C)
   
E  10 ax  10 a y  10 az

Angle between X -axis and E is 
   
 E  ax  E a x cos 

10 1
cos      cos 1
E 3
Similarly  and  can be calculated and they are all same.
40. (C)
Two capacitors are connected is parallel so voltage rating will be same.
But net capacitance will be now
  A'  A / 2
Ceq  C1  C 2  0 r  0
d d
2 0 A  0 A C  0 A 
Ceq    2C    C  initial capacitance
d 2d 2  d 
Ceq  2.5C
Now new charge storage at withstand voltage V
Q '  CeqV
Q '  2.5 CV
Q '  2.5 Q (as Q = CV initially)
41. (A)
Electric field intensity due to surface charge density is given by,
     
E  s ax , D  s ax
2 0 2
    
D  s (ax ) D  30 ax
2
42. (C)
   
E1  ax  2a y  az
 
E2  a y  z
  
E3  2ax  a y
Electromagnetic Field : EE Coordinate System and Electrostatics 18
The total electric field at any point is equal to the summation of the electric fields due to the individual
electric charges at that point.
  
E  E1  E2  E3
  
 3ax  2a y  2az Newton/Coloumb

43. (B)
Total electric flux leaving through closed surface is charge.
Radius  5 mts
(0,0) m lies inside closed surface is charge.
(3,0) lie inside closed loop
(0, 4) lie inside closed loop
Qenc  (0.008  0.05  0.09)C  0.049 C
44. (C)
Field intensity at any point is given by,
 KQ 
E  2 aR
R
Field intensity at point (a, a) can be written as,
 
 (aax  aa y ) KQ  
E1  KQ 2  (aax  aa y )
(a  a )
2 1/2
2a
 KQ  
E1  (ax  a y )
2
Field intensity at point (a, a) can be written as,
 
 (aax  aa y ) KQ  
E2  KQ 2  (ax  a y )
(a  a 2 )1/ 2 2
Field intensity at point (a,  a) can be written as,
 
 (aax  aa y )  KQ  
E3  KQ 2  ( ax  a y )
(a  a 2 )1/ 2 2
   KQ     KQ   
E1  E2   (ax  a y )    (  ax  a y ) 
 2   2 
   K 2Q 2 K 2Q 2
E1  E2   0
2 2
  
ax a y az
  KQ
E1  E3  1 1 0
2
1 1 0
  
E1  E3  a z ( 1  1)  0
Electromagnetic Field : EE Coordinate System and Electrostatics 19
45. (B)
y
Field intensity is given by,
 1 Q
E aR q1 p(2, 1)
4  0 E
Field intensity at P due to q1 will be 1 cm

 
2 ax x
E1  2 cm q2
4 0 (2) 2
Field intensity at P due to q2 wil be

 1 ay
E2 
40 (1) 2
  
E  E1  E2
 
 2 ax 1 ay
E 
40 4 40 1
  
E  (0.5ax  a y ) K
The electric field vector point P that will subtend at angle  with x axis is
1
tan   2
0.5
tan   2
46. (C)
 100 
Given : E cos(109 t  6 z )a V/m

r  1
The displacement current density is given by,
 
 D E
JD   0 r
t t
  100  
J D  0  cos(109 t  6 z )a 
t   
 100 
J D   0  109  sin(109 t  6 z ) a

 0.9 
JD  sin(109 t  6 z )a A/m 2

47. (A)
Given :  r1  6
Since the two dielectric are connected in parallel, hence the voltage will be same.
The equivalent capacitance of parallel capacitors will be
A A
 A  A  0  r  0
Ceq  0 r 1  0 r 2  2  2
d1 d2 d d
Electromagnetic Field : EE Coordinate System and Electrostatics 20
60 A  0 A 7 0 A
Ceq   
2d 2d 2d
Ceq  3.5 C
The charge will be
Q '  CeqV  3.5CV  3.5Q
Hence, the correct option is (A).
48. (B)
8
Given :  r  , V  500 y
5
Electric field is given by,
E  V
 V V V 
  aˆ x  aˆ y  aˆ z 
 x y z 
  (0)  (500 y )  (0) 
  aˆ x  aˆ y  aˆ z 
  x y  z 
 500aˆ y V/m
Hence, the correct option is (B).
49. (D)
The electric flux density is given by,
D   0 r E
8
  8.854 1012  500aˆ y
5
 7.08aˆ y nC/m 2
Hence, the correct option is (D).
50. (B)
Given :  r1  2,  r2  5

E1  50 aˆ x  20 aˆ y  10 aˆ z kV/m
From electric boundary conditions
Et1  Et2
 Et2  (50 aˆ x  10 aˆ z ) kV/m
DN1  DN2
 01EN1   0 2 EN2
1
EN 2  EN
2 1
2 40
  20 aˆ y  aˆ y kV/m
5 5
Electromagnetic Field : EE Coordinate System and Electrostatics 21
  40 
E2   50 aˆ x  aˆ y  10 aˆ z  kV/m
 5 
So electric flus density will be

D2  02 E2

D2  50 E2
 (2.21aˆ x  0.35 aˆ y  0.44 aˆ z ) nC/m 2
Hence, the correct option is (B).
51. (D)
The energy density in 2nd region will be given by,
1 2
W   0 r E2
2
1
  8.854  1012  5  106  2664
2
 59 mJ/m3
Hence, the correct option is (D).
52. (B)
Given : E  E0 aˆz , 2  40
Et1  0, EN1  E0 aˆz
1
EN 2  EN
2 1
1
 E0 aˆ z
4
Electric flux density
D2  2 E2
 40 E2
1
 4  0 E0 aˆ z
4
D2  0 E0aˆ z
Hence, the correct option is (B).
53. (A)
Given : 1  30 , 2  20 C1 C2
The equivalent circuit can be drawn as
30 30
Where, C1    30 F/m 2
d 1 + -
2 2 9V
C2  0   0 F/m 2
d 3
Electromagnetic Field : EE Coordinate System and Electrostatics 22
From voltage division rule for capacitors
2
0
3 18
V1  9  V
2 11
0  30
3
3 0 81
V2  9  V
2 11
 0  3 0
3
Hence, the correct option is (A).
54. (3.05)
The equivalent conducting surface diagram is shown in figure below

2.5e0 4e0 e0

0 1mm 3mm 5mm

x
The equivalent capacitance for the above capacitor can be calculated as
1 1 1 1
  
Ceq C1 C2 C3
1 d d d
 1  2  3
Ceq 0 r1  0 r2 0 r3

1 1 103 2  103 2 103

  
Ceq 2.5 0 4 0 0

Ceq  3.05 nF/m 2

55. (2.76)
The given capacitor can be drawn as

C1
C3
C2

Here, C1 and C2 are in series and together they are in parallel with C3
A
0
C1  2  0A
d d
2
A
 0 r
C2  2  3 0 A
d d
2
Electromagnetic Field : EE Coordinate System and Electrostatics 23
Now, equivalent capacitance of C1 and C2 can will be

  0 A  3 0 A 
  
d  d  3  0 A
Ceq   
0 A 30 A 4 d

d d
Now, the total capacitance will be
Ctotal  Ceq  C3

A
3 A  0
Ctotal  0  2
4 d d
3 0 A 0 A
Ctotal  
4 d 2d
50 A 5  8.854  1012 10 104
Ctotal  
4d 4 103
Ctotal  2.76 pF
56. (282)
Given: Q  5 nC/m 2 ,   4 0 , d  2 m
Capacitance of the parallel sheets will be
 4
C   0 17.708 1012 F
d 2
We know that,
Q  CV
Q 5  109
V   0.282 kV = 282 V
C 17.708  1012
58. (B)
From boundary conditions
Et1  Et2  Et3
1
EN2  E1
2
2  
E N3  EN 2  2  1 E1
3 1  2
EN3  E1

Hence E1  E3  E2
Hence, the correct option is (B).
59. (D)
Given : V  4 x  2V
Electromagnetic Field : EE Coordinate System and Electrostatics 24
Electric field is given by,
   
E  V    (4 x  2) aˆ x  (4 x  2) aˆ y  (4 x  2) aˆ z 
 x y z 
 4 aˆ x V/m
Hence, the correct option is (D).
60. (B)
From boundary condition of electric field,
tan 1 1

tan  2  2
tan 600 3

tan  2 3
tan  2  1
 2  450
61. (A)
Method of images are applicable to electrostatic fields only.
Hence, the correct option is (A).
63. (A)
Given :
Infinite line charge density, L  Q A/m
 
Flux is given by,    E  da …(i)

From diagram, da   d  dz aˆ
(Taking the differential surface of  direction as on the quarter cylindrical surface, only  is constant
while  and z are varying).

0 and 0  z  H
2
Due to infinite line charge electric field intensity is given by,
 L Q
E aˆ  aˆ
2  0  2  0 
From equation (i),
   Q 
   E  da    aˆ   ( d  dz aˆ )
 2  0  
 /2 H
Q
  
 0 z 0
2  0 
 ( d  dz ) j  aˆ  aˆ  1

/ 2
Q d  dz
H
Q
 0  z 0
 /2
   
H

 0 z 0
2  0 2  0
QH

4 0
Hence, the correct option is (A). 
 2 Magnetostatics

Electromagnetic Field (EE) PD-GD Workbook Solutions

1. (B)
Given :
(i) Length, l = 30 cm,
(ii) Diameter, d = 3 cm or Radius, r = 1.5 cm,
(iii) Current, I = 10 A,
(iv) Total number of turns, N = 1000
The energy stored in the magnetic field of solenoid is given by,
1
E  LI2
2
Where, L = Inductance, I = Current
Inductance of a solenoid is given by,
N 2 A
L
l
N2 (1000) 2
L  4 107    r 2  4107  2
 (1.5) 2 (104 )
l 30 10
L  29.6 104 H
1
E   29.6  104 102  14.8 102  0.15 J
2
Hence, the correct option is (B).
2. (B)
 I  I
The currents are in the same direction. Let it be aˆ z direction then H1  aˆ y and H 2   aˆ y
2d 2d
d

I P I

1 2


 H  0.
Electromagnetic Field : EE Magnetostatics 2
3. (A)
Given : Two conductors are carrying forward and return current of + I and – I as shown in figure,
r
z
r +I P –I
x

+
d d
r
y

. Method 1 :

Magnetic field intensity H at point P is sum of magnetic field intensity due to both the conductors is
given by,
   I  I  I 
H  H1  H 2  ay  ay  ay
2d 2d d

+I -I
P
+

Hence, the correct option is (A).

. Method 2 :
Magnetic field intensity due to infinite long current carrying conductor is given by,
 I 
H a
2 
where,   Perpendicular distance from conductor to point of interest
The direction of magnetic field is given by,
  
a  al  a
where,

al  Unit vector on the direction of flow of current

a  Unit vector in direction of conductor to point of interest.
The magnetic field at point P due to conductor carrying forward current +I is given by,
 I     
H1  ay [ a  a z  a x  a y ]
2d
The magnetic field at point P due to conductor carrying forward current –I is given by,
 I     
H2  ay [ a   a z   a x  a y ]
2d

Magnetic field intensity H at point P is sum of magnetic field intensity due to both the conductors is
given by,
   I  I  I 
H  H1  H 2  ay  ay  ay
2d 2d d
Hence, the correct option is (A).
Electromagnetic Field : EE Magnetostatics 3
4. (C)
Given : Length, l  1000mm  1m , N  3000 , diameter, d  60 mm  60 103 m
Radius, a  30 103 m
For a solenoidal inductance is given by,
L  0 n 2 A  l …(i)
Number of turns per unit length,
No.of turns 3000
n   3000per m
Length 1m
A  a2  (30 103 )2 m2
From equation (i), we get
L  4107  30002  (30 103 )2  32mH
5. (D)
From Gauss’s law for magnetic fields, magnetic field lines always form a closed loop.
ρ
i.e. B  0
Hence, the correct option is (D).
6. (D)
For static EM fields,
 
 H  J …(i)
But the divergence of the curl of any vector field is identically zero.
 
Hence,   (  H )  0    J …(ii)
From the continuity equation,
 
J   v  0 …(iii)
t
For time varying condition,
  
  H  J  Jd …(iv)
The divergence of the curl of any vector is zero.
  
Hence,   (  H )  0    J    J d …(v)

  v   D
  J d    J   (  D)   
t t t

 D
Jd  …(vi)
t
Substituting equation (vi) in equation (iv), we get

  D
 H  J 
t
Taking surface integration on both sides,

    D  
 
s   H  ds  s  J  t   ds
 
Electromagnetic Field : EE Magnetostatics 4
Applying Stoke’s theorem,

    D  
 H  dl    J  t   ds
c s  
7. (C)
The given currents are along the x-axis, and the y-axis respectively. 2A
 y
The point where H is to be found is (2, 1, 0); i.e., on the xy plane.
So the problem can be conveniently solved if we draw a 2- Z direction
2
dimensional figure with the plane of the paper as the x-y plane. I = 4A
  4  P
H ( P) due to 4ax A  az A/m. (direction decided by right hand 1
(2, 1, 0)
21
rule) x
  2 
H ( P) due to 2a y A  ( az )A/m. (right hand rule)
2 2
 2 1  3 
Total H at ( P ) superposition  az  az  az A/m.
 2 2
Note : The paper gives as the unit vectors along x, y and z-axis respectively. But since we have to deal
not only with rectangular co-ordinate system, but also cylindrical and spherical coordinate systems, it
     
would be better to use the symbols a , a and a of course a  iˆ; a  ˆj and a  kˆ.
x y z x y z

8. (A)
 
 H  J : Ampere’s Law

  B 
 E  dl    t  dS : Faraday’s Law
C s

 
J   : Continuity equation
t
Hence, the correct option is (A).
9. (D)
Method-I
z

r
- Hax

x
By applying right thumb rule it is observed that field due to wire in y-z plane is in –x-direction and field
due to wire in x-y plane is in –z-direction. Therefore, x and z components of the resulting magnetic field
are non-zero at the origin.
Hence, the correct option is (D).
Electromagnetic Field : EE Magnetostatics 5
Method-II :
Direction of magnetic field can be found as,
  
aH  al  a

where, al = unit vector in the direction of current

a = unit vector along perpendicular distance from conductor to point of interest
Due to wire placed in y-z plane,
   
aH  a y  (  a z )   a x
Due to wire placed in x-y plane,
   
aH  a x  (  a y )   a z
Hence, the correct option is (D).
10. (C)
Magnetic field at any distance r from the conductor can be calculated using Ampere’s law.
 
  dl  I enc
H

H  dl cos 00  I

H  2r  I
I
H 
2r
1
H 
r
z
Conductor
dl I
H r Hf
p

Amperian
path y

x r

Hence, the correct option is (C).

11. (C)
Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction, rate of change of magnetic field results in induced voltage,

 B
 E  
t
Hence, the correct option is (C).
12. (D)
   
Given : A  xax  ya y  kzax
Divergence of magnetic flux density is zero.

B  0
Electromagnetic Field : EE Magnetostatics 6
  
( x)  ( y )  (kz )  0
x y z
11 k  0
k  2
14. (B)
  
Given : F  qE  q(v  B )  0
  
E  (V  B)
  
ax a y az
 
V  B  3 1 2
1 2 4
   
E  v0 [ax (4  4)  a y (12  2)  az (6  1)]
  
E  v0 (14a y  7az )
15. (D)
Magnetic field intensity due to finite length current carrying conductor is given by,
 I    
H [sin  2  sin 1 ]a a  al  a
4
Considering inner loop,

I
a2
a1

For only one side of the square,

 2  450 , 1   450
There are four such sides in inner loop, thus
I
HA  4 [sin 450  sin(450 )]
4
2I
HA  (Out of the plane of paper)

Considering outer loop, everything is same as that for inner loop, except that outer loop is twice as
distant from center O, as compared to inner loop
2I
 HB  (Out of the plane of paper)
(2)
So, the ratio will be H A : H B  2 :1
16. (A)
For a current element Idl situated at an arbitrary point, the magnetic vector potential ‘A’ equals (R is the
distance of the observation point from the centre of the current element) is given by,
Electromagnetic Field : EE Magnetostatics 7
 0 Idl
A
4R
Polarization is given by,
 
P  e 0 E
  
 P P P
E  
e 0 ( r  1)0 0
The direction of electric field intensity is opposite to the polarization.
 
  P (n ) P(n )
Hence, E 
0 0
17. (B)
The magnitude of the magnetic flux density ‘B’ at a distance ‘R’ from an infinitely long straight current
filament is given by,
  I
B 0
2R
18. (B)
Current through the circuit can be calculated as,
V 50
I   10 A
R 5
Energy stores in inductor is given by,
1 2
E LI
2
1
E   0.47  (102 )  20 J
2
19. (B)
In magnetic boundary condition,
ρ ρ
1. Bn1  Bn 2
ρ ρ ρ
2. H1  H n1  H t1
ρ ρ ρ
3. ( H1  H 2 )  aˆ21  K
20. (A)
Magnetic field intensity due to surface current density is given by,
ρ 1 ρ
H  K  aˆn
2
1
  30 aˆ z  aˆn  15 aˆ x mA / m
2
21. (A)
From Stoke’s theorem we have,
ρ ρ
 H  J
Electromagnetic Field : EE Magnetostatics 8

iˆ ˆj kˆ
ρ   
J  iˆ(0)  ˆj (2  0)  kˆ(0)  2 ˆj
x y z
3 7y 2x
Hence, the correct option is (A).
23. (B)
H  ( z cos ay )aˆ y  ( z  e y ) aˆ x
From Stoke’s theorem, we have
 
 H  J
aˆ x aˆ y aˆ z
  
 J
x y z
( z  e ) ( z cos ay )
y
0
         
 aˆ x  0  ( z cos ay )   aˆ y  0  ( z  e y )   aˆ z  ( z cos ay )  ( z  e y ) 
 z   z   x y 
  cos ay aˆ x  aˆ y  aˆ z
At xz plane ( y  0)

J   aˆ x  aˆ y  aˆ z
Hence, the correct option is (B).
24. (A)
Given : I  4 Amp
Flux density due to semi-infinite correct element is given by,
 I
B  0 (aˆ )
4
B due to element along z axis will be
 4
B1  0 (aˆ z  aˆ x )
4 (2)
0
B1 
(aˆ y )
2
B due to element along y axis will be
0  4 
B2  (aˆ y  aˆ x )  0 (aˆ z )
4 2 2
Total flux density will be,

B  B1  B2  0 (aˆ y  aˆ z ) Wb / m2
2
7
410
 (aˆ y  aˆ z ) Wb / m 2
2
 2 107 (aˆ y  aˆ z ) Wb / m 2
Hence, the correct option is (A).
Electromagnetic Field : EE Magnetostatics 9
25. (1)
Given : r  2, I  4A
Magnetic field intensity at the centre of current loop is given by,
I 4
H aˆ  aˆ
2 2 2
H  aˆ
Hence, magnetic field intensity is 1 A/m.
26. (–20)
We know that,
 H  dl  I ( enclosed )

According to the right hand thumb rule

 H  dl  20 A
Hence, the value of I ( enclosed ) is 20 A .
27. (–1.59)
Given : I  8 Amp
y

1m

I1 Ä I2
P
5m x
Field intensity at P due to element I1 will be
I 8
H1  (aˆ z  aˆ x )  (aˆ y )
2 2 4
1
  aˆ y

Intensity at P due to I 2 will be
I 8
H2  (aˆ z  aˆ x )   (aˆ y )
2 21
4
  aˆ y

Total field intensity will be
1 4
H t  H1  H 2  aˆ y  aˆ y
 
5
 aˆ y A / m

 1.59aˆ y A / m
Hence, the value of intensity is 1.59 .
Electromagnetic Field : EE Magnetostatics 10
29. (2.86)
Given : I  4 A
Side of equilateral triangle  4 A
Field intensity at the centre of equilateral triangle is given by
3I 
H  sin   aˆ z
2 a 3
Where,
a  Distance of centre from any one side
Side
a
2 3
2 1
a 
2 3 3
Therefore, the value of field intensity will be
3 4 3 9 4 9
H  aˆ z  aˆ z  aˆ z  2.86 aˆ z
2
1 2 4 
3
30. (0.82)
I1 = 4 Amp

2A
I2 2A P
2A

I3 = 4 A

Magnetic field intensity due to I1 will be

I 4 1
H1    A/m
4 4 2 2
Similarly for I 3 also, intensity will be
I 1
H2   A/m
4 2
Intensity due to semicircle at its centre will be
I 4 1
H3   
4 4  2 2
So, total electric field intensity will be
1 1 1 1 1
H t  H1  H 2  H 3       0.82 A / m
2 2 2  2
31. (–259)
x 2 yz xyz 2
Given : H  aˆ x  3 x 2 z 2 aˆ y  aˆ z A / m
1 x y 1
Electromagnetic Field : EE Magnetostatics 11
Current density is given by,
 
J   H
aˆ x aˆ y aˆ z
  
J  x y z
x 2 yz xyz 2
2 2
3x z 
1 x y 1

    xyz 2       xyz 2    x 2 yz       x 2 yz  
 ax  
ˆ   (3 x z )   a y   
2 2
ˆ      az  (3x z )  
ˆ 2 2

 y  y  1  z   x  y  1  z  1  x    x y  1  x  

  xz 2 2    yz 2 x 2 y   x2 z 
J  aˆ x   6 x z 
 yˆ
a  
 zˆ
a 6 xz 2
 
 (1  y )  y 1 1 x   1 x 
2

Total current will be
 
I   J  ds
s

At x  2
4

4 4
2z2  4
 2(2) z 2 
I     24 z  ax  dy dz ax   
ˆ ˆ  24 y  dz
3 1
(1  y) 2
 3
(1  y ) 3
1
4
 z 3   1 1  72 2 4 4  8  125 
I  4      [ z ]3  [64  27]   36 (16  9)
 3  3 125 8  2 3  2  125 
4329
I   36  7  257.772
6 125
32. (0.81)
Given : I  5A ,   4 m
Flux density due to infinite current element is
0 I
B
2
Total flux passing through the loop will be
6
 Idl 1
   B  ds  0  d 
2 4 
0 Idl  Idl
 ln 64  0 ln 6 
2 2  4 
4107   6 
  5  2 ln   
2   4 
  8.109 107
  0.81Wb
Electromagnetic Field : EE Magnetostatics 12
33. (0.63)
Given : I  20 A , r  10cm
Field intensity at the centre due to infinite length element will be
I 20 10
H1   
2 21 
Field intensity at the centre of circular loop will be
I I
H2  
2a 2  0.1
Total field intensity is zero at the centre
10 I
 
 2  0.1
2
I  0.633 A

34. (–8)
Flux due to sheet K 2 will be
0
B1  (4 aˆ x  aˆ z )  2  0 aˆ y
2
Flux due to sheet K1 will be
0
B2  (4aˆ x  aˆ z )  2 0 aˆ y
2
Total field density will be
Bt  B1  B2  2 0 aˆ y  2 0 aˆ y  4 0 aˆ y Wb / m
Magnetic flux will be = B  dl  4 0 aˆ y  2  8  0 aˆ y
On comparing we get, K  8
35. (B)
Given copper wires W1 and W2 are carrying currents I and 2I in opposite directions and having a total
separation of 4r between them.
I
W1
r1 = r r

4r r2 = 3r

W2
2I
Magnetic field intensity due to infinitely long current carrying conductor is given as
 I
H  aˆ
2
   I
B  0 H  0
2
Electromagnetic Field : EE Magnetostatics 13
Due to current carrying conductor W1 ,
0 I
B1   1  r 
2 r
Due to current carrying conductor W2 ,
0 2 I
B2   2  3r 
2 3r
Using right hand rule, intensities or densities due to both current carrying conductors will be in same
direction at the point between two conductors, hence the total magnetic flux density is given as
B  B1  B2
0 I 0 2 I 3 0 I  2 0 I
B  
2  r 6 r 6 r
5 0 I
 B
6 r
Hence, the correct option is (B).

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