UNIVERSITY OF MAKATI

COLLEGE OF CONTINUING ADVANCED AND PROFESSIONAL STUDIES

EDM 518 MANAGEMENT OF ALTERNATIVE LEARNING SYSTEM

In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Subject
In EDM 518 MANAGEMENT OF ALTERNATIVE LEARNING SYSTEM

Submitted to:

DR. GLORIA VALDEZ

Submitted by:

Joy Ella P. Baluran

SEPTEMBER 2020

JOY ELLA P. BALURAN

EDM – 518
MANAGEMENT ALTERNATIVE LEARNING SYSTEM
NON FORMAL EDUCATION IN SCHOOL SYSTEM AND OUTSIDE THE SCHOOL
SYSTEM
ALTERNATIVE LEARNING SYSTEM (NON FORMAL EDUCATION IN THE SCHOOL
SYSTEM)

WHAT IS ALTERNATIVE LEARNING SYSTEM OR ALS?

It is a parallel learning system in the Philippines that provides a practical option to the
existing formal instruction. When one does not have or cannot access formal
education in schools, ALS is an alternate or substitute. ALS includes both the non-
formal and informal sources of knowledge and skills.

WHY IS THERE A NEED FOR ALTERNATIVE LEARNING SYSTEM IN THE

PHILIPPINES?
Many Filipinos do not have a chance to attend and finish formal basic education
(Grades 1-6 and Year 1-4) due to many reasons. Some drop out from schools while
some do not have schools in their communities. Since every Filipino has a right to free
basic education, the Government establishes ALS to provide all Filipinos the chance to
have access to and complete basic education in a mode that fits their distinct
situations and needs
THE ALS K TO 12 BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUM
The ALS Program uses a contextualized non-formal curriculum which is substantially
aligned with the K to 12 Curriculum for Basic Education of the formal school system,
but it is not the mirror image of the formal school curriculum. It is aligned but not
identical. This takes into account the prior learning of its learners and reflects the
indicators of functional literacy into six interrelated learning strands.
HOW DOES ALS WORK?
There are two major programs on ALS that are being implemented by the Department
of Education, through the Bureau of Alternative Learning System (BALS). One is the
Basic Literacy Program and the other is the Continuing Education Program –
Accreditation and Equivalency (A&E).  Both programs are modular and flexible. This
means that learning can take place anytime and any place, depending on the
convenience and availability of the learners

Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (NON FORMAL

EDUCATION OUTSIDE THE SCHOOL SYSTEM)
The Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA)
FILIPINO: Pangasiwaan sa Edukasyong Teknikal at Pagpapaunlad ng Kasanayan)
serves as the Philippines' Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET)
JOY ELLA P. BALURAN
EDM – 518
MANAGEMENT ALTERNATIVE LEARNING SYSTEM
authority. As a government agency, TESDA is tasked to both manage and supervise
the Philippines' Technical Education and Skills Development (TESD). Its goals are to
develop the Filipino workforce with "world-class competence and positive work values"
and to provide quality technical-educational and skills development through its
direction, policies, and programs.
Training systems
TVET is classified into two main systems: the formal system and the non-formal
system.[The formal system is a post-secondary technical education of six months to
three years which entitles a student or trainee to a certificate in a specialized field.
Programs under the formal system are delivered by both private and public vocational-
technical schools. The non-formal system, on the other hand, consists of a variety of
short-term programs usually up to six months targeting a special group of clientele.
This includes those seeking employment in the government, special-interest
organizations, services and salesmanship, farming, and forestry and fishing.
ClientelE
TVET clientele is primarily composed of high school graduates, secondary school
dropouts, and college graduates and undergraduates looking to gain the necessary
skills in various sectors. TVET also considers part of their targeted clientele those who
are unemployed but actively looking for work, Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs)
returning to the Philippines permanently to work, and those currently employed
wanting to enhance or acquire new skills.
Delivery modes
TESDA undertakes direct training provisions in order to provide TVET clients access to
the various Technical Education Skills Development (TESD) programs offered. The
following are the four training modalities:

 School-based: Formal delivery by the schools of TVET programs of varying

duration of at least a year but not exceeding three years.
 Centre-based: Provision of short duration non-formal training undertaken in
TESDA Regional and Provincial Training Centers.
 Community-based: Training programs specifically designed to answer the needs
for skills training in the community to facilitate self-employment.
 Enterprise-based: Training programs like apprenticeship, learner ship, and dual
training which are carried out within the firms or industries.
Training programs
TESDA provides direct training programs which are divided into four distinct training
modalities: School-Based Programs, Center-Based Programs, Community-Based
Programs, and Enterprise-Based Programs.
School-based programs
School-based programs are TVET programs that are directly delivered or provided by
TESDA-administered schools. Currently, there are 57 TESDA-administered schools,
19 of which are agriculture schools, 7 are fishery schools and 31 are trade schools.

JOY ELLA P. BALURAN

EDM – 518
MANAGEMENT ALTERNATIVE LEARNING SYSTEM
School based programs include post-secondary offerings of varying duration not
exceeding three years.
Center-based programs
These are training provisions or programs that are being offered in TESDA Regional
and Provincial Centers throughout the country. There are fifteen (15) Regional Centers
and forty-five (45) provincial centers, adding up to a total of 60 centers that provide
center-based programs. Such programs are offered under selected trade areas in the
different regions and provinces of the country.
The TESDA Training Center Taguig Campus Enterprise (TTCTCE) provides advanced
technology training programs that are registered under the Unified TVET Program
Registration and Accreditation System (UTPRAS). The TTCTCE conducts these training
programs in partnership with industry organizations under a co-management scheme
in response to a given industry's training requirements. [30]
TESDA is also the implementing agency of three grant assistance projects from
the Government of the Republic of Korea. The Korea-Philippines Information
Technology Training Center (KPITTC), located at the Polytechnic University's Quezon
City compound in Novaliches provides training on computer graphics and animation.
Another grant assistance project from the Republic of Korea's government that is
under the implementation of TESDA is the KPITTC located at the Regional Skills
Development Center in Guiguinto, Bulacan.
Enterprise-based programs
Enterprise-based programs are training programs that are being implemented within
companies or firms. There are several programs being offered by TESDA that fall
under enterprise-based programs.
The Apprenticeship Program is a training and employment program that involves a
contract between an apprentice and an employer in an occupation that has been
approved for apprenticeship. The period of apprenticeship covers a minimum of four
months and a maximum of six months. Only companies with approved and registered
apprenticeship programs under TESDA can hire apprentices.
The Learnership Program, on the other hand, involves practical on-the-job training for
pre-approved learnable occupations, as determined by TESDA. The program must not
exceed three months. Only companies with TESDA approved and registered
learnership programs can hire learners.
The Dual Training System involves an instructional mode of delivery for technology-
based education and training in which learning takes place alternatively in two
venues: the school or training center, and the company. One of the strategic
approaches on this program is the conversion of selected industry practices/ programs
registered under the apprenticeship program into DTS modality. Schools or training
centers and business establishments interested in adopting the dual training system
must apply for accreditation with TESDA.
Community-based programs
TESDA also provides community-based programs, which are primarily offered to those
belonging to marginalized groups. These are intended to expand educational access to

JOY ELLA P. BALURAN

EDM – 518
MANAGEMENT ALTERNATIVE LEARNING SYSTEM
those who are unable to access, or are not accessible, by formal training provisions
and programs. The program is also designed to assist partner agencies such as LGUs,
NGOs, people organizations and other agencies and organizations with regard to their
poverty-alleviation and livelihood programs.
Scholarship programs
These are programs created to give help and financial assistance to deserving TVET
enrollees and trainees in the country.

JOY ELLA P. BALURAN

EDM – 518
MANAGEMENT ALTERNATIVE LEARNING SYSTEM